Pub Date : 2023-09-21DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2023.2256682
Matthew R. L. Jones, Mary A. Sewell
During late December 2018 a sea star wasting event occurred at Pilot Bay, Tauranga Harbour, North Island/Te Ika-a-Māui, Aotearoa New Zealand. Forty-seven specimens of the asteroid Coscinasterias muricata Verrill, 1867, with a maximum diameter of 50 - 150 mm, were found in varying states of wasting on and between rocks at low tide over an area of ∼70 m at the NW end of Pilot Bay. The wasting event followed a brief period of heavy rain (97.8 mm during the previous 24 h) and was short-lived, with no affected sea stars observed after three days. The affected C. muricata may have had low resilience to changes in water quality, particularly salinity. However, the cause of this wasting event remains unresolved. These opportunistic data suggest that small scale sea star wasting events of this nature may be easily overlooked due to their ephemeral nature.
2018年12月下旬，在新西兰奥特罗阿北岛陶朗加港Pilot Bay /Te Ika-a-Māui发生了海星消耗事件。47颗小行星Coscinasterias muricata Verrill, 1867年，最大直径50 - 150毫米，在领航员湾西北端约70米的区域内，在退潮时以不同的状态在岩石上和岩石之间被发现。消耗事件发生在短暂的大雨之后(前24小时为97.8毫米)，持续时间很短，三天后没有观察到受影响的海星。受影响的muricata可能对水质变化，特别是盐度变化的适应能力较低。然而，造成这一浪费事件的原因仍未得到解决。这些机会主义数据表明，这种性质的小规模海星损耗事件可能很容易被忽视，因为它们的短暂性。
{"title":"An ephemeral sea star ( <i>Coscinasterias muricata</i> ) wasting event at Tauranga, New Zealand","authors":"Matthew R. L. Jones, Mary A. Sewell","doi":"10.1080/03014223.2023.2256682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.2023.2256682","url":null,"abstract":"During late December 2018 a sea star wasting event occurred at Pilot Bay, Tauranga Harbour, North Island/Te Ika-a-Māui, Aotearoa New Zealand. Forty-seven specimens of the asteroid Coscinasterias muricata Verrill, 1867, with a maximum diameter of 50 - 150 mm, were found in varying states of wasting on and between rocks at low tide over an area of ∼70 m at the NW end of Pilot Bay. The wasting event followed a brief period of heavy rain (97.8 mm during the previous 24 h) and was short-lived, with no affected sea stars observed after three days. The affected C. muricata may have had low resilience to changes in water quality, particularly salinity. However, the cause of this wasting event remains unresolved. These opportunistic data suggest that small scale sea star wasting events of this nature may be easily overlooked due to their ephemeral nature.","PeriodicalId":19208,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136135880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2023.2255147
Jassim M. Abed, Atheer H. Ali, Ali T. Yaseen, Abbas Al-Faisal, Falah Mutlak, Furat K. Jassim, Dean R. Jerry, Laith A. Jawad
The natural distribution of Lates calcarifer (barramundi or Asian sea bass), ranges from western India, around Sri Lanka to the Bay of Bengal, and through the whole of Southeast Asia to Papua New Guinea and northern Australia. It is not known to be native to the Arabian Gulf, although the species has recently been introduced for aquaculture production in Iran. In 2019, 12 adult barramundi were caught from freshwater in the Shatt al-Arab River, its estuary and marine waters bordering Iraq. This is the first wild-capture record of this species for Iraq’s inland waters and the northern Arabian Gulf. The specimens were morphologically described, while genetic structure analyses indicated that the specimens likely originated from Australian and Thailand genetic stocks and thus probably were aquaculture escapees from farmed populations. Among the L. calcarifer collected from the freshwater environment on the Shatt al-Arab River, one specimen exhibited saddleback syndrome, and another showed abnormality in the left operculum. The results are interesting and useful in reminding people to prevent aquaculture escapees. The aim of this study was to morphologically describe the specimens and undertake a genetic analysis to determine the likely provenance of the fish.
{"title":"Barramundi ( <i>Lates calcarifer</i> ) from Iraq: a new record for the Arabian Gulf, with a highlight on it genetic origins and description of two skeletal deformities","authors":"Jassim M. Abed, Atheer H. Ali, Ali T. Yaseen, Abbas Al-Faisal, Falah Mutlak, Furat K. Jassim, Dean R. Jerry, Laith A. Jawad","doi":"10.1080/03014223.2023.2255147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.2023.2255147","url":null,"abstract":"The natural distribution of Lates calcarifer (barramundi or Asian sea bass), ranges from western India, around Sri Lanka to the Bay of Bengal, and through the whole of Southeast Asia to Papua New Guinea and northern Australia. It is not known to be native to the Arabian Gulf, although the species has recently been introduced for aquaculture production in Iran. In 2019, 12 adult barramundi were caught from freshwater in the Shatt al-Arab River, its estuary and marine waters bordering Iraq. This is the first wild-capture record of this species for Iraq’s inland waters and the northern Arabian Gulf. The specimens were morphologically described, while genetic structure analyses indicated that the specimens likely originated from Australian and Thailand genetic stocks and thus probably were aquaculture escapees from farmed populations. Among the L. calcarifer collected from the freshwater environment on the Shatt al-Arab River, one specimen exhibited saddleback syndrome, and another showed abnormality in the left operculum. The results are interesting and useful in reminding people to prevent aquaculture escapees. The aim of this study was to morphologically describe the specimens and undertake a genetic analysis to determine the likely provenance of the fish.","PeriodicalId":19208,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136315012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2023.2251898
William D. Brockelsby, Colin M. Miskelly, Travis R. Glare, Maria A. Minor
The flax weevil Anagotus fairburni is a large flightless beetle, that is one of the members of the endemic insect ‘megafauna’ of New Zealand. It is a protected species that currently persists only on predator-free islands or in remote and difficult to access alpine areas. Little is documented about the ecology of the flax weevil. In this study we estimated the number of instars in the A. fairburni life cycle by measuring the head capsule widths of larvae collected in the field on Mana Island Scientific Reserve. We used kernel density function estimates to predict average head-capsule widths and the number of larval instars. We then used Brooks-Dyar’s law on the head capsule width data and analysed Brooks and Crosby indexes to refine the estimated number of instars based on imperfect data. Results from sampling of 86 larvae suggested four instar groupings, but further analysis based on Brooks-Dyar’s law found that A. fairburni likely passes through 6 or 7 larval stages prior to pupation, with some uncertainty for smaller instars. Our method provides new data on ecology of an endemic species and provides a framework for further work on similar endangered species where data is imperfect or difficult to gather.
{"title":"The number of larval instars in the flax weevil ( <i>Anagotus fairburni</i> ) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)","authors":"William D. Brockelsby, Colin M. Miskelly, Travis R. Glare, Maria A. Minor","doi":"10.1080/03014223.2023.2251898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.2023.2251898","url":null,"abstract":"The flax weevil Anagotus fairburni is a large flightless beetle, that is one of the members of the endemic insect ‘megafauna’ of New Zealand. It is a protected species that currently persists only on predator-free islands or in remote and difficult to access alpine areas. Little is documented about the ecology of the flax weevil. In this study we estimated the number of instars in the A. fairburni life cycle by measuring the head capsule widths of larvae collected in the field on Mana Island Scientific Reserve. We used kernel density function estimates to predict average head-capsule widths and the number of larval instars. We then used Brooks-Dyar’s law on the head capsule width data and analysed Brooks and Crosby indexes to refine the estimated number of instars based on imperfect data. Results from sampling of 86 larvae suggested four instar groupings, but further analysis based on Brooks-Dyar’s law found that A. fairburni likely passes through 6 or 7 larval stages prior to pupation, with some uncertainty for smaller instars. Our method provides new data on ecology of an endemic species and provides a framework for further work on similar endangered species where data is imperfect or difficult to gather.","PeriodicalId":19208,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136314839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-19DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2023.2255165
Robyn White, Laureline Rossignaud, James V. Briskie
Consistent differences among individuals in the boldness-shyness continuum have been described in a variety of species. Environments with higher levels of predation are likely to select for shyer behavioural responses, due to the increased susceptibility of being ‘fearless’ in a high-risk environment. In this study, we compared the behavioural responses in two populations of South Island robin (Petroica australis), one of which is sympatric with a range of introduced predators (Kaikoura mainland) and one with no introduced predators (Motuara Island). We found robins on Motuara Island were significantly bolder than mainland robins. This was evidenced by robins in this low-risk environment being more likely to approach mealworms placed closer to a researcher. Robins in Kaikoura were also significantly slower than Motuara Island robins in latency (time to approach mealworms) but faster to remove five mealworms placed nearest to a researcher (handling time). These differences may be driven by bolder individuals having a disadvantage on the mainland as it exposes them to a higher risk from introduced predators. Although the extent to which these differences have a genetic basis is unknown, our results suggest that sympatry with introduced predators may favour more risk-averse behaviours in robins and other native species.
{"title":"The bold bird gets the worm? Behavioural differences of South Island robins ( <i>Petroica australis</i> ) in relation to differing predation risk","authors":"Robyn White, Laureline Rossignaud, James V. Briskie","doi":"10.1080/03014223.2023.2255165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.2023.2255165","url":null,"abstract":"Consistent differences among individuals in the boldness-shyness continuum have been described in a variety of species. Environments with higher levels of predation are likely to select for shyer behavioural responses, due to the increased susceptibility of being ‘fearless’ in a high-risk environment. In this study, we compared the behavioural responses in two populations of South Island robin (Petroica australis), one of which is sympatric with a range of introduced predators (Kaikoura mainland) and one with no introduced predators (Motuara Island). We found robins on Motuara Island were significantly bolder than mainland robins. This was evidenced by robins in this low-risk environment being more likely to approach mealworms placed closer to a researcher. Robins in Kaikoura were also significantly slower than Motuara Island robins in latency (time to approach mealworms) but faster to remove five mealworms placed nearest to a researcher (handling time). These differences may be driven by bolder individuals having a disadvantage on the mainland as it exposes them to a higher risk from introduced predators. Although the extent to which these differences have a genetic basis is unknown, our results suggest that sympatry with introduced predators may favour more risk-averse behaviours in robins and other native species.","PeriodicalId":19208,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135059372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-06DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2023.2255142
Allen G. Rodrigo
{"title":"Modelling the evolution of holobionts: an incomplete review","authors":"Allen G. Rodrigo","doi":"10.1080/03014223.2023.2255142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.2023.2255142","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19208,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47970699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-03DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2023.2251904
Jodanne Aitken, Adrian Paterson, James Ross, Tamsin Orr-Walker, Laura Young
{"title":"A preliminary study of kea (Nestor notabilis) habitat use and diet in plantation forests of Nelson, New Zealand","authors":"Jodanne Aitken, Adrian Paterson, James Ross, Tamsin Orr-Walker, Laura Young","doi":"10.1080/03014223.2023.2251904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.2023.2251904","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19208,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48123784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-29DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2023.2245760
Titia Schamhart, C. Browne, K. Borkin, N. Ling, D. Pattemore, Grant W. Tempero
{"title":"Detection rates of long-tailed bats (Chalinolobus tuberculatus) decline in the presence of artificial light","authors":"Titia Schamhart, C. Browne, K. Borkin, N. Ling, D. Pattemore, Grant W. Tempero","doi":"10.1080/03014223.2023.2245760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.2023.2245760","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19208,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49205722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-27DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2023.2246907
Morgane Merien, G. Holwell, T. Buckley
{"title":"Evidence for direct oviposition into substrates by the New Zealand stick insect Spinotectarchus acornutus","authors":"Morgane Merien, G. Holwell, T. Buckley","doi":"10.1080/03014223.2023.2246907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.2023.2246907","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19208,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47066375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-24DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2023.2249408
Luke Thompson, Hamish Doogan, C. Thompson, P. Wehi, Sheri L. Johnson
{"title":"Are there differences in behaviour between the two colour morphs of the mountain stone wētā, Hemideina maori?","authors":"Luke Thompson, Hamish Doogan, C. Thompson, P. Wehi, Sheri L. Johnson","doi":"10.1080/03014223.2023.2249408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.2023.2249408","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19208,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46161149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-24DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2023.2249417
Hannah Robinson, N. Ling, Grant W. Tempero
{"title":"Occupation of artificial roosts by long-tailed bats (Chalinolobus tuberculatus) in Hamilton City, New Zealand","authors":"Hannah Robinson, N. Ling, Grant W. Tempero","doi":"10.1080/03014223.2023.2249417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.2023.2249417","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19208,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45778433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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