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Combination of oxaliplatin and β-carotene suppresses colorectal cancer by regulating cell cycle, apoptosis, and cancer stemness in vitro. 奥沙利铂与β-胡萝卜素联合使用可通过调节体外细胞周期、细胞凋亡和癌症干细胞抑制结直肠癌。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-26 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2024.18.1.62
Junghyeun Lee, Seung Chul Heo, Yuri Kim

Background/objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide with a high recurrence rate. Oxaliplatin (OXA) resistance is one of the major reasons hindering CRC therapy. β-Carotene (BC) is a provitamin A and is known to have antioxidant and anticancer effects. However, the combined effect of OXA and BC has not been investigated. Therefore, this study investigated the anticancer effects and mechanism of the combination of OXA and BC on CRC.

Materials/methods: In the present study, the effects of the combination of OXA and BC on cell viability, cell cycle arrest, and cancer stemness were investigated using HCT116, HT29, OXA-resistant cells, and human CRC organoids.

Results: The combination of OXA and BC enhanced apoptosis, G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, and inhibited cancer cell survival in human CRC resistant cells and CRC organoids without toxicity in normal organoids. Cancer stem cell marker expression and self-replicating capacity were suppressed by combined treatment with OXA and BC. Moreover, this combined treatment upregulated apoptosis and the stem cell-related JAK/STAT signaling pathway.

Conclusions: Our results suggest a novel potential role of BC in reducing resistance to OXA, thereby enhances the anticancer effects of OXA. This enhancement is achieved through the regulation of cell cycle, apoptosis, and stemness in CRC.

背景/目的:结直肠癌(CRC)是全球第三大常见癌症,复发率很高。奥沙利铂(OXA)耐药性是阻碍 CRC 治疗的主要原因之一。β-胡萝卜素(BC)是一种维生素 A,具有抗氧化和抗癌作用。然而,尚未研究过 OXA 和 BC 的联合作用。因此,本研究探讨了 OXA 和 BC 联合作用对 CRC 的抗癌作用及其机制:本研究使用HCT116、HT29、OXA耐药细胞和人CRC器官组织研究了OXA和BC联用对细胞活力、细胞周期停滞和癌症干性的影响:结果:OXA和BC联合使用可增强人CRC耐药细胞和CRC器官组织的细胞凋亡、G2/M期细胞周期停滞,并抑制癌细胞存活,而对正常器官组织无毒性。OXA和BC联合治疗可抑制癌症干细胞标记物的表达和自我复制能力。此外,这种联合治疗还能上调细胞凋亡和干细胞相关的JAK/STAT信号通路:我们的研究结果表明,BC在降低对OXA的耐药性方面具有新的潜在作用,从而增强了OXA的抗癌效果。这种增强是通过调节 CRC 的细胞周期、凋亡和干细胞来实现的。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of onion (Allium cepa L.) peel extract on natural killer cell and cytokines in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. 在一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验中,洋葱(Allium cepa L.)皮提取物对自然杀伤细胞和细胞因子的影响。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2024.18.1.33
Hyunji Cho, Sohui Kim, Sung Hyen Lee, Yongsoon Park

Background/objectives: Onion, particularly onion peel, is a quercetin-rich food with, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. However, the effect of onion peel extract (OPE) in humans is unclear. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate whether OPE improves natural killer (NK) cell activity and cytokine concentration in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

Subjects/methods: Eighty participants aged 19-64 yrs old with a white blood cell count of 4,000-10,000 cells/µL, symptoms of upper respiratory infection at least once within the previous 12 mon, and perceived stress scale (PSS) over 14 were included. Participants were randomly assigned to take either 1,000 mg/day OPE or a placebo for 8 weeks.

Results: Compliance were 87.4 ± 8.6% and 86.9 ± 79.0% in OPE and placebo groups. Compared to the placebo, OPE supplementation improved "Hoarseness" (P = 0.038) of the Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey (WURSS)-21 symptom, and stress scores (P = 0.001; 0.021) of PSS. Supplementation of OPE had no significant effect on NK cell activity and concentrations of cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-12, IL-1β, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α. At baseline, the WURSS-21 symptom and PSS score (P = 0.024; 0.026) were higher in the OPE group than the placebo group. Among participants with higher than median WURSS-21 symptom score, OPE supplementation increased NK cell activity (P = 0.038). Supplementation of OPE had no significant effects on safety measurements and adverse events.

Conclusions: The present study suggested that OPE supplementation improves NK cell activity in participants with moderate upper respiratory symptoms without any significant adverse effects.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05666752.

背景/目的:洋葱,尤其是洋葱皮,是一种富含槲皮素的食物,具有抗炎和免疫调节作用。然而,洋葱皮提取物(OPE)对人体的影响尚不清楚。因此,本研究旨在通过一项随机双盲安慰剂对照试验,调查 OPE 是否能提高自然杀伤(NK)细胞活性和细胞因子浓度:80名年龄在19-64岁之间、白细胞计数为4,000-10,000 cells/µL、在过去12个月内至少出现过一次上呼吸道感染症状、感知压力量表(PSS)超过14分的参与者被纳入其中。参与者被随机分配服用每天 1,000 毫克的 OPE 或安慰剂,为期 8 周:OPE 组和安慰剂组的依从性分别为 87.4 ± 8.6% 和 86.9 ± 79.0%。与安慰剂相比,补充 OPE 改善了威斯康星上呼吸道症状调查(WURSS)-21 的 "嘶哑"(P = 0.038)症状和 PSS 的压力评分(P = 0.001; 0.021)。补充 OPE 对 NK 细胞活性以及白细胞介素 (IL)-2、IL-6、IL-12、IL-1β、干扰素-γ 和肿瘤坏死因子-α 等细胞因子的浓度没有明显影响。基线时,OPE 组的 WURSS-21 症状和 PSS 评分(P = 0.024;0.026)高于安慰剂组。在 WURSS-21 症状评分高于中位数的参与者中,补充 OPE 可提高 NK 细胞活性(P = 0.038)。补充 OPE 对安全性测量和不良事件无明显影响:本研究表明,补充 OPE 可提高中度上呼吸道症状患者的 NK 细胞活性,且无明显不良反应:试验注册:ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:试验注册:ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT05666752。
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引用次数: 0
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 affects thapsigargin-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. 1,25-二羟维生素 D3 会影响硫辛酸诱导的 3T3-L1 脂肪细胞内质网应激。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2024.18.1.1
Dain Wi, Chan Yoon Park

Background/objectives: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in adipose tissue causes an inflammatory response and leads to metabolic diseases. However, the association between vitamin D and adipose ER stress remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated whether 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) alleviates ER stress in adipocytes.

Materials/methods: 3T3-L1 cells were treated with different concentrations (i.e., 10-100 nM) of 1,25(OH)2D3 after or during differentiation (i.e., on day 0-7, 3-7, or 7). They were then incubated with thapsigargin (TG, 500 nM) for an additional 24 h to induce ER stress. Next, we measured the mRNA and protein levels of genes involved in unfold protein response (UPR) and adipogenesis using real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting and quantified the secreted protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Finally, the mRNA levels of UPR pathway genes were measured in adipocytes transfected with siRNA-targeting Vdr.

Results: Treatment with 1,25(OH)2D3 during various stages of adipocyte differentiation significantly inhibited ER stress induced by TG. In fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment suppressed mRNA levels of Ddit3, sXbp1, and Atf4 and decreased the secretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. However, downregulation of the mRNA levels of Ddit3, sXbp1, and Atf4 following 1,25(OH)2D3 administration was not observed in Vdr-knockdown adipocytes. In addition, exposure of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes to 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibited transcription of Ddit3, sXbp1, Atf4, Bip, and Atf6 and reduced the p-alpha subunit of translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2α)/eIF2α and p-protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK)/PERK protein ratios. Furthermore, 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment before adipocyte differentiation reduced adipogenesis and the mRNA levels of adipogenic genes.

Conclusions: Our data suggest that 1,25(OH)2D3 prevents TG-induced ER stress and inflammatory responses in mature adipocytes by downregulating UPR signaling via binding with Vdr. In addition, the inhibition of adipogenesis by vitamin D may contribute to the reduction of ER stress in adipocytes.

背景/目的:脂肪组织中的内质网(ER)应激会引起炎症反应并导致代谢性疾病。然而,人们对维生素 D 与脂肪组织内质网应激之间的关系仍然知之甚少。在这项研究中,我们探讨了 1,25-二羟维生素 D3(1,25(OH)2D3)是否能减轻脂肪细胞的 ER 应激。材料/方法:在分化后或分化过程中(即第 0-7、3-7 或 7 天),用不同浓度(即 10-100 nM)的 1,25(OH)2D3 处理 3T3-L1 细胞。然后将它们与硫司加精(TG,500 nM)孵育24小时,以诱导ER应激。接着,我们用实时聚合酶链式反应和免疫印迹法测定了参与折叠蛋白反应(UPR)和脂肪生成的基因的 mRNA 和蛋白水平,并量化了促炎细胞因子的分泌蛋白水平。最后,在转染了靶向 Vdr 的 siRNA 的脂肪细胞中测定了 UPR 通路基因的 mRNA 水平:结果:在脂肪细胞分化的不同阶段使用 1,25(OH)2D3 能显著抑制 TG 诱导的 ER 应激。在完全分化的 3T3-L1 脂肪细胞中,1,25(OH)2D3 可抑制 Ddit3、sXbp1 和 Atf4 的 mRNA 水平,减少单核细胞趋化蛋白-1、白细胞介素-6 和肿瘤坏死因子-α 的分泌。然而,在 Vdr 敲除的脂肪细胞中,1,25(OH)2D3 给药后并未观察到 Ddit3、sXbp1 和 Atf4 mRNA 水平的下调。此外,将 3T3-L1 前脂肪细胞暴露于 1,25(OH)2D3,可抑制 Ddit3、sXbp1、Atf4、Bip 和 Atf6 的转录,并降低翻译起始因子 2 的 p-α 亚基(eIF2α)/eIF2α 和 p 蛋白激酶 RNA 样 ER 激酶(PERK)/PERK 蛋白的比率。此外,在脂肪细胞分化前处理1,25(OH)2D3可减少脂肪生成和脂肪生成基因的mRNA水平:我们的数据表明,1,25(OH)2D3 可通过与 Vdr 结合下调 UPR 信号,从而防止 TG 诱导的成熟脂肪细胞 ER 应激和炎症反应。
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引用次数: 0
Positive effects of anthocyanin-rich mulberry milk on mental health problems in the working population: an open-label study. 富含花青素的桑葚牛奶对工作人群心理健康问题的积极影响:一项开放标签研究。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-16 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2024.18.1.110
Poonsri Rangseekajee, Nawanant Piyavhatkul, Jintanaporn Wattanathorn, Wipawee Thukham-Mee, Pongsatorn Paholpak

Background/objectives: Depression and anxiety are common mental health problems. Anthocyanins from berries might have an inhibitory effect on monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzymes and alleviate various mood and anxiety symptoms. This study examined the effects of a daily supplement of an anthocyanin-rich product on mental health problems.

Subjects/methods: This study was a secondary analysis from a randomized, 6-week, open-label trial in 300 healthy participants aged 18-60 years who consumed 1 or 2 servings of anthocyanin-rich mulberry milk daily. The General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used to monitor mental health problems. In addition, the saliva activity levels of MAO-A, MAO-B, and cortisol were examined at the baseline and after 6 weeks.

Results: The total scores of the GHQ-28 and HADS and all their subscales decreased in both groups (all P < 0.05). The cortisol, MAO-A, and MAO-B activities decreased significantly (all P <0.05), but there were no significant differences between the groups (all P > 0.05). Significant correlations were noted between the decreased activity level of MAO-A enzyme and decreased scores from the GHQ-28 somatic subscale and the HADS depression subscale (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions: Daily consumption of anthocyanin-rich mulberry milk possibly improves mental health problems by reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms in the working population. The suppression of MAO-A activity is a possible underlying mechanism.

Trial registration: Thai Clinical Trial Registration: #TCTR20201031002.

背景/目的:抑郁和焦虑是常见的心理健康问题。浆果中的花青素可能对单胺氧化酶(MAO)有抑制作用,并能缓解各种情绪和焦虑症状。本研究探讨了每天补充富含花青素的产品对心理健康问题的影响:本研究是一项为期 6 周的随机、开放标签试验的二次分析,300 名 18-60 岁的健康参与者每天饮用 1 或 2 份富含花青素的桑椹牛奶。研究采用了一般健康问卷-28(GHQ-28)和医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)来监测精神健康问题。此外,还检测了基线和 6 周后唾液中 MAO-A、MAO-B 和皮质醇的活性水平:结果:两组患者的 GHQ-28 和 HADS 总分及其所有分量表均有所下降(P 均小于 0.05)。皮质醇、MAO-A 和 MAO-B 活性显著下降(所有 P > 0.05)。MAO-A酶活性水平的降低与GHQ-28躯体分量表和HADS抑郁分量表得分的降低之间存在显著相关性(均为P < 0.05):结论:每天饮用富含花青素的桑葚牛奶可减少工作人群的抑郁和焦虑症状,从而改善心理健康问题。抑制 MAO-A 活性是可能的潜在机制:泰国临床试验注册:#TCTR20201031002。
{"title":"Positive effects of anthocyanin-rich mulberry milk on mental health problems in the working population: an open-label study.","authors":"Poonsri Rangseekajee, Nawanant Piyavhatkul, Jintanaporn Wattanathorn, Wipawee Thukham-Mee, Pongsatorn Paholpak","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.1.110","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.1.110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Depression and anxiety are common mental health problems. Anthocyanins from berries might have an inhibitory effect on monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzymes and alleviate various mood and anxiety symptoms. This study examined the effects of a daily supplement of an anthocyanin-rich product on mental health problems.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>This study was a secondary analysis from a randomized, 6-week, open-label trial in 300 healthy participants aged 18-60 years who consumed 1 or 2 servings of anthocyanin-rich mulberry milk daily. The General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used to monitor mental health problems. In addition, the saliva activity levels of MAO-A, MAO-B, and cortisol were examined at the baseline and after 6 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total scores of the GHQ-28 and HADS and all their subscales decreased in both groups (all <i>P</i> < 0.05). The cortisol, MAO-A, and MAO-B activities decreased significantly (all <i>P</i> <0.05), but there were no significant differences between the groups (all <i>P</i> > 0.05). Significant correlations were noted between the decreased activity level of MAO-A enzyme and decreased scores from the GHQ-28 somatic subscale and the HADS depression subscale (all <i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Daily consumption of anthocyanin-rich mulberry milk possibly improves mental health problems by reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms in the working population. The suppression of MAO-A activity is a possible underlying mechanism.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Thai Clinical Trial Registration: #TCTR20201031002.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"18 1","pages":"110-118"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10861345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139730156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Animal protein hydrolysate reduces visceral fat and inhibits insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in aged mice. 动物蛋白水解物可减少内脏脂肪,抑制老年小鼠的胰岛素抵抗和肝脏脂肪变性。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-11 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2024.18.1.46
Su-Kyung Shin, Ji-Yoon Lee, Heekyong R Bae, Hae-Jin Park, Eun-Young Kwon

Background/objectives: An increasing life expectancy in society has burdened healthcare systems substantially because of the rising prevalence of age-related metabolic diseases. This study compared the effects of animal protein hydrolysate (APH) and casein on metabolic diseases using aged mice.

Materials/methods: Eight-week-old and 50-week-old C57BL/6J mice were used as the non-aged (YC group) and aged controls (NC group), respectively. The aged mice were divided randomly into 3 groups (NC, low-APH [LP], and high-APH [HP] and fed each experimental diet for 12 weeks. In the LP and HP groups, casein in the AIN-93G diet was substituted with 16 kcal% and 24 kcal% APH, respectively. The mice were sacrificed when they were 63-week-old, and plasma and hepatic lipid, white adipose tissue weight, hepatic glucose, lipid, and antioxidant enzyme activities, immunohistochemistry staining, and mRNA expression related to the glucose metabolism on liver and muscle were analyzed.

Results: Supplementation of APH in aging mice resulted in a significant decrease in visceral fat (epididymal, perirenal, retroperitoneal, and mesenteric fat) compared to the negative control (NC) group. The intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test and area under the curve analysis revealed insulin resistance in the NC group, which was alleviated by APH supplementation. APH supplementation reduced hepatic gluconeogenesis and increased glucose utilization in the liver and muscle. Furthermore, APH supplementation improved hepatic steatosis by reducing the hepatic fatty acid and phosphatidate phosphatase activity while increasing the hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase activity. Furthermore, in the APH supplementation groups, the red blood cell (RBC) thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and hepatic H2O2 levels decreased, and the RBC glutathione, hepatic catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities increased.

Conclusions: APH supplementation reduced visceral fat accumulation and alleviated obesity-related metabolic diseases, including insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis, in aged mice. Therefore, high-quality animal protein APH that reduces the molecular weight and enhances the protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score has potential as a dietary supplement for healthy aging.

背景/目的:由于与年龄有关的代谢性疾病的发病率不断上升,社会预期寿命的延长给医疗系统带来了沉重的负担。本研究使用老年小鼠比较了动物蛋白水解物(APH)和酪蛋白对代谢疾病的影响:将 8 周龄和 50 周龄的 C57BL/6J 小鼠分别作为非老年对照组(YC 组)和老年对照组(NC 组)。将老龄小鼠随机分为 3 组(NC 组、低APH[LP]组和高APH[HP]组),每种实验饮食喂养 12 周。在低APH组和高APH组中,AIN-93G食物中的酪蛋白分别被16千卡%和24千卡%的APH取代。在小鼠63周龄时将其处死,分析血浆和肝脏脂质、白色脂肪组织重量、肝脏葡萄糖、脂质和抗氧化酶活性、免疫组化染色以及与肝脏和肌肉葡萄糖代谢相关的mRNA表达:结果:与阴性对照(NC)组相比,给衰老小鼠补充 APH 能显著减少内脏脂肪(附睾脂肪、肾周脂肪、腹膜后脂肪和肠系膜脂肪)。腹腔葡萄糖耐量试验和曲线下面积分析表明,NC 组存在胰岛素抵抗,而补充 APH 可缓解这种抵抗。补充 APH 可减少肝脏葡萄糖生成,增加肝脏和肌肉对葡萄糖的利用。此外,补充 APH 还能降低肝脏脂肪酸和磷脂酸磷酸酶的活性,同时提高肝脏肉碱棕榈酰基转移酶的活性,从而改善肝脏脂肪变性。此外,在补充 APH 的组别中,红细胞硫代巴比妥酸活性物质和肝脏 H2O2 水平降低,红细胞谷胱甘肽、肝脏过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性升高:结论:补充 APH 可减少老年小鼠的内脏脂肪堆积,缓解与肥胖相关的代谢疾病,包括胰岛素抵抗和肝脏脂肪变性。因此,降低分子量并提高蛋白质消化率-校正氨基酸评分的优质动物蛋白 APH 有潜力成为促进健康老龄化的膳食补充剂。
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引用次数: 0
Daraesoon (shoot of hardy kiwi) mitigates hyperglycemia in db/db mice by alleviating insulin resistance and inflammation. Daraesoon(硬猕猴桃的嫩枝)通过缓解胰岛素抵抗和炎症,减轻了 db/db 小鼠的高血糖症状。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2024.18.1.88
Ha-Neul Choi, Jung-In Kim

Background/objectives: Mitigating insulin resistance and hyperglycemia is associated with a decreased risk of diabetic complications. The effect of Daraesoon (shoot of hardy kiwi, Actinidia arguta) on hyperglycemia was investigated using a type 2 diabetes animal model.

Materials/methods: Seven-week-old db/db mice were fed either an AIN-93G diet or a diet containing 0.4% of a 70% ethanol extract of Daraesoon, whereas db/+ mice were fed the AIN-93G diet for 7 weeks.

Results: Consumption of Daraesoon significantly reduced serum glucose and blood glycated hemoglobin levels, along with homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance in db/db mice. Conversely, Daraesoon elevated the serum adiponectin levels compared to the db/db control group. Furthermore, Daraesoon significantly decreased both serum and hepatic triglyceride levels, as well as serum total cholesterol levels. Additionally, consumption of Daraesoon resulted in decreased hepatic tumor necrosis factor-α and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression.

Conclusions: These results suggest that hypoglycemic effect of Daraesoon is mediated through the improvement of insulin resistance and the downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in db/db mice.

背景/目的:减轻胰岛素抵抗和高血糖与降低糖尿病并发症的风险有关。我们利用 2 型糖尿病动物模型研究了 Daraesoon(硬猕猴桃的嫩枝)对高血糖的影响:给七周大的 db/db 小鼠喂食 AIN-93G 食物或含有 0.4% Daraesoon 70% 乙醇提取物的食物,而给 db/+ 小鼠喂食 AIN-93G 食物七周:结果:食用 Daraesoon 能显著降低 db/db 小鼠的血糖和糖化血红蛋白水平,以及胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估。相反,与 db/db 对照组相比,Daraesoon 能提高血清脂肪连素水平。此外,Daraesoon 还能明显降低血清和肝脏甘油三酯水平以及血清总胆固醇水平。此外,服用达来顺还能降低肝脏肿瘤坏死因子-α和单核细胞趋化蛋白-1的表达:这些结果表明,达来顺的降血糖作用是通过改善 db/db 小鼠的胰岛素抵抗和下调促炎细胞因子的表达来实现的。
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引用次数: 0
The impact of probiotics and vitamin C on the prevention of upper respiratory tract symptoms in two preschool children cohorts. 益生菌和维生素 C 对预防两组学龄前儿童上呼吸道症状的影响。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2024.18.1.98
Zuzana Paduchová, Zuzana Nagyová, Duolao Wang, Jana Muchová

Background/objectives: The efficacy of Lab4 probiotic and vitamin C combination on the prevention of upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) was investigated in two studies with children. Our objective was to pool dataset of 57 preschool children from the PROCHILD study (ISRCTN28722693) and the dataset of 50 preschool matched cohort from the PROCHILD-2 study (ISRCTN26587549) to evaluate the impact of probiotic/vitamin C combination on the prevention of upper respiratory tract symptoms and provide a more robust assessment of effect using detailed individual level data.

Subjects/methods: The children were supplemented daily for 6 months with either the multistrain probiotic (1.25×1010 cfu/tablet consisting of two strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus CUL21 and CUL60, Bifidobacterium bifidum CUL20 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CUL34) plus 50 mg vitamin C or a placebo.

Results: In the pooled analysis of the individual participant data (per protocol population), significant reductions were observed for the incidence (-25%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66, 0.85; P < 0.0001) and duration (-14.9 days; 95% CI, -24.8, -5.1; P = 0.0030) of typical URTI symptoms in the active group compared with the placebo. The incidence rates of absenteeism from preschool (IR ratio, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.66, 0.86; P < 0.0001), paediatric visits (IR ratio, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.47; 0.68; P < 0.0001) and antibiotic usage (IR ratio, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.39, 0.71; P < 0.0001) were also significantly reduced.

Conclusion: The pooled analysis findings of comparable preschool cohorts from two studies indicate that the supplementation with probiotic and vitamin C combination is beneficial in the prevention and management of URTI symptoms.

背景/目的:两项针对儿童的研究调查了Lab4益生菌和维生素C组合预防上呼吸道感染(URTI)的疗效。我们的目的是汇集PROCHILD研究(ISRCTN28722693)中57名学龄前儿童的数据集和PROCHILD-2研究(ISRCTN26587549)中50名学龄前匹配队列的数据集,评估益生菌/维生素C组合对预防上呼吸道症状的影响,并利用详细的个体水平数据提供更可靠的效果评估:儿童每天补充多菌株益生菌(1.25×1010 cfu/片,由嗜酸乳杆菌CUL21和CUL60、双歧杆菌CUL20和动物双歧杆菌亚种乳杆菌CUL34的两种菌株组成)加50毫克维生素C或安慰剂,持续6个月:在对个体参与者数据(按方案人群)的汇总分析中,观察到活性组与安慰剂组相比,典型 URTI 症状的发生率(-25%;95% 置信区间 [CI],0.66, 0.85;P < 0.0001)和持续时间(-14.9 天;95% CI,-24.8, -5.1;P = 0.0030)显著降低。学龄前缺勤率(IR 比值,0.75;95% CI,0.66,0.86;P < 0.0001)、儿科就诊率(IR 比值,0.56;95% CI,0.47,0.68;P < 0.0001)和抗生素使用率(IR 比值,0.53;95% CI,0.39,0.71;P < 0.0001)也显著降低:结论:两项研究对可比学龄前群体的汇总分析结果表明,补充益生菌和维生素 C 组合有益于预防和治疗尿路感染症状。
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引用次数: 0
Association of daily carbohydrate intake with intermuscular adipose tissue in Korean individuals with obesity: a cross-sectional study. 韩国肥胖症患者每日碳水化合物摄入量与肌间脂肪组织的关系:一项横断面研究。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2024.18.1.78
Ha-Neul Choi, Young-Seol Kim, Jung-Eun Yim

Background/objectives: The prevalence of obesity, a worldwide pandemic, has been increasing steadily in Korea. Reports have shown that increased intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, independent of body mass index. However, the relationship between dietary intake and IMAT accumulation in the Korean population remains undetermined. The objective of this study was to evaluate regional fat compartments using advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. We also aimed to investigate the association between IMAT amounts and dietary intake, including carbohydrate intake, among Korean individuals with obesity.

Subjects/methods: This cross-sectional study, performed at a medical center in South Korea, recruited 35 individuals with obesity (15 men and 20 women) and classified them into 2 groups according to sex. Anthropometry was performed, and body fat distribution was measured using MRI. Blood parameters, including glucose and lipid profiles, were analyzed using commercial kits. Linear regression analysis was used to test whether the IMAT was associated with daily carbohydrate intake.

Results: Carbohydrate intake was positively associated with IMAT in all individuals, with adjustments for age, sex, height, and weight. No significant differences in blood indicators were found between the sexes.

Conclusions: Regardless of sex and age, higher carbohydrate intake was strongly correlated with greater IMAT accumulation. This suggests the need to better understand sex differences and high carbohydrate diet patterns in relation to the association between obesity and metabolic risk, which may help reduce obesity prevalence.

背景/目的:肥胖症是一种全球流行病,在韩国的发病率一直在稳步上升。有报告显示,肌肉间脂肪组织(IMAT)的增加与心血管疾病风险的增加有关,与体重指数无关。然而,韩国人的膳食摄入量与肌间脂肪组织积累之间的关系仍未确定。本研究的目的是利用先进的磁共振成像(MRI)技术评估区域脂肪分区。我们还旨在调查韩国肥胖症患者的 IMAT 数量与饮食摄入量(包括碳水化合物摄入量)之间的关联:这项横断面研究在韩国一家医疗中心进行,共招募了 35 名肥胖症患者(15 名男性和 20 名女性),并根据性别将他们分为两组。研究人员进行了人体测量,并使用核磁共振成像测量了身体脂肪分布。使用商业试剂盒分析了血液参数,包括血糖和血脂概况。采用线性回归分析来检验 IMAT 是否与每日碳水化合物摄入量相关:结果:在对年龄、性别、身高和体重进行调整后,所有个体的碳水化合物摄入量均与 IMAT 呈正相关。结论:无论性别和年龄如何,碳水化合物摄入量与 IMAT 均呈正相关:无论性别和年龄如何,碳水化合物摄入量越高与 IMAT 的累积量越大密切相关。这表明有必要更好地了解性别差异和高碳水化合物饮食模式与肥胖和代谢风险之间的关系,这可能有助于降低肥胖的发病率。
{"title":"Association of daily carbohydrate intake with intermuscular adipose tissue in Korean individuals with obesity: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Ha-Neul Choi, Young-Seol Kim, Jung-Eun Yim","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.1.78","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.1.78","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>The prevalence of obesity, a worldwide pandemic, has been increasing steadily in Korea. Reports have shown that increased intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, independent of body mass index. However, the relationship between dietary intake and IMAT accumulation in the Korean population remains undetermined. The objective of this study was to evaluate regional fat compartments using advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. We also aimed to investigate the association between IMAT amounts and dietary intake, including carbohydrate intake, among Korean individuals with obesity.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study, performed at a medical center in South Korea, recruited 35 individuals with obesity (15 men and 20 women) and classified them into 2 groups according to sex. Anthropometry was performed, and body fat distribution was measured using MRI. Blood parameters, including glucose and lipid profiles, were analyzed using commercial kits. Linear regression analysis was used to test whether the IMAT was associated with daily carbohydrate intake.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Carbohydrate intake was positively associated with IMAT in all individuals, with adjustments for age, sex, height, and weight. No significant differences in blood indicators were found between the sexes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Regardless of sex and age, higher carbohydrate intake was strongly correlated with greater IMAT accumulation. This suggests the need to better understand sex differences and high carbohydrate diet patterns in relation to the association between obesity and metabolic risk, which may help reduce obesity prevalence.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"18 1","pages":"78-87"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10861342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139730106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Maternal betaine supplementation ameliorates fatty liver disease in offspring mice by inhibiting hepatic NLRP3 inflammasome activation. 母体补充甜菜碱可通过抑制肝脏NLRP3炎症小体的激活来改善子代小鼠的脂肪肝。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-19 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.6.1084
Lun Li, Liuqiao Sun, Xiaoping Liang, Qian Ou, Xuying Tan, Fangyuan Li, Zhiwei Lai, Chenghe Ding, Hangjun Chen, Xinxue Yu, Qiongmei Wu, Jun Wei, Feng Wu, Lijun Wang

Background/objectives: Previous research has shown maternal betaine supplementation alleviates fetal-derived hepatic steatosis. Therefore, this study examined the anti-inflammatory effect of maternal betaine intake in offspring mice and its mechanism.

Materials/methods: Female C57BL/6J mice and their offspring were randomly divided into 3 groups according to the treatment received during gestation and lactation: control diet (CD), fatty liver disease (FLD), and fatty liver disease + 1% betaine (FLD-BET). The FLD group was given a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (HFD + STZ), and the FLD-BET group was treated with HFD + STZ + 1% betaine. After weaning, the offspring mice were given a normal diet for 5 weeks and then dissected to measure the relevant indexes.

Results: Compared to the CD group, the offspring mice in the FLD group revealed obvious hepatic steatosis and increased serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α; maternal betaine supplementation reversed these changes. The hepatic mRNA expression levels of IL-6, IL-18, and Caspase-1 were significantly higher in the FLD group than in the CD group. Maternal betaine supplementation reduced the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing C-terminal caspase recruitment domain (ASC). Maternal betaine supplementation also reversed the increasing protein expressions of nitric oxide dioxygenase-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 in offspring mice exposed to HFD + STZ. Maternal betaine supplementation decreased the homocysteine (Hcy) and s-adenosine homocysteine (SAH) levels significantly in the livers. Furthermore, the hepatic Hcy concentrations showed significant inverse relationships with the mRNA expression of TNF-α, NLRP3, ASC, and IL-18. The hepatic SAH concentration was inversely associated with the IL-1β mRNA expression.

Conclusions: The lipotropic and anti-inflammatory effect of maternal betaine supplementation may be associated with the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome in the livers of the offspring mice.

背景/目的:先前的研究表明,母体补充甜菜碱可减轻胎儿肝脏脂肪变性。因此,本研究探讨了母体甜菜碱摄入对子代小鼠的抗炎作用及其机制:雌性 C57BL/6J 小鼠及其后代按妊娠期和哺乳期所接受的治疗随机分为 3 组:对照饮食组(CD)、脂肪肝组(FLD)和脂肪肝+1%甜菜碱组(FLD-BET)。FLD组给予高脂饮食和链脲佐菌素(HFD + STZ),FLD-BET组给予HFD + STZ + 1%甜菜碱。断奶后,给后代小鼠正常饮食5周,然后解剖测量相关指标:结果:与CD组相比,FLD组后代小鼠肝脏脂肪变性明显,血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶、白细胞介素(IL)-6和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α水平升高;母体补充甜菜碱可逆转这些变化。FLD组IL-6、IL-18和Caspase-1的肝脏mRNA表达水平明显高于CD组。母体补充甜菜碱可降低IL-1β、IL-6、IL-18和含有C端caspase招募结构域的凋亡相关斑点样蛋白(ASC)的表达。母体补充甜菜碱还能逆转一氧化氮二氧合酶样受体家族含吡咯啉结构域3(NLRP3)、ASC、Caspase-1、IL-1β和IL-18在暴露于高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HFD)+ STZ的后代小鼠中不断增加的蛋白质表达。母体补充甜菜碱可显著降低肝脏中同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)和s-腺苷同型半胱氨酸(SAH)的水平。此外,肝脏Hcy浓度与TNF-α、NLRP3、ASC和IL-18的mRNA表达呈显著的反比关系。肝脏SAH浓度与IL-1β mRNA表达呈反比关系:结论:母体补充甜菜碱的促脂和抗炎作用可能与抑制后代小鼠肝脏中的NLRP3炎性体有关。
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引用次数: 0
Sanghuangporus sanghuang extract inhibits the proliferation and invasion of lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. 山黄柏提取物可在体外和体内抑制肺癌细胞的增殖和侵袭。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.6.1070
Weike Wang, Jiling Song, Na Lu, Jing Yan, Guanping Chen

Background/objectives: Sanghuangporus sanghuang (SS) has various medicinal effects, including anti-inflammation and anticancer activities. Despite the extensive research on SS, its molecular mechanisms of action on lung cancer are unclear. This study examined the impact of an SS alcohol extract (SAE) on lung cancer using in vitro and in vivo models.

Materials/methods: Different concentrations of SAE were used to culture lung cancer cells (A549 and H1650). A cell counting kit-8 assay was used to detect the survival ability of A549 and H1650 cells. A scratch assay and transwell cell invasion assay were used to detect the migration rate and invasive ability of SAE. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl2-associated X (Bax), cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinases 4 (CDK4), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3). Lung cancer xenograft mice were used to detect the inhibiting ability of SAE in vivo. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the effect of SAE on the structural changes to the tumor and the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, cyclin D1, CDK4, STAT3, and p-STAT3 in lung cancer xenograft mice.

Results: SAE could inhibit lung cancer proliferation significantly in vitro and in vivo without cytotoxicity. SAE suppressed the viability, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells in a dose and time-dependent manner. The SAE treatment significantly decreased the proapoptotic Bcl-2/Bax ratio and the expression of pro-proliferative proteins Cyclin D1 and CDK4 in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, SAE also inhibited STAT3 expression.

Conclusions: SAE reduced the cell viability and suppressed cell migration and invasion in human lung cancer cells. Moreover, SAE also exhibited anti-proliferation effects in vivo. Therefore, SAE may have benefits in cancer therapy.

背景/目的:桑黄菌(SS)具有多种药用功效,包括抗炎和抗癌活性。尽管对桑黄菌进行了广泛的研究,但其对肺癌的分子作用机制尚不清楚。本研究采用体外和体内模型研究了三黄醇提取物(SAE)对肺癌的影响:材料/方法:使用不同浓度的SAE培养肺癌细胞(A549和H1650)。采用细胞计数试剂盒-8 检测 A549 和 H1650 细胞的存活能力。划痕试验和 transwell 细胞侵袭试验用于检测 SAE 的迁移率和侵袭能力。用 Western 印迹分析检测 B 细胞淋巴瘤-2(Bcl-2)、Bcl2 相关 X(Bax)、细胞周期蛋白 D1、细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶 4(CDK4)、信号转导和激活转录 3(STAT3)以及磷酸化 STAT3(p-STAT3)的表达。用肺癌异种移植小鼠来检测 SAE 在体内的抑制能力。结果显示,SAE对肺癌异种移植小鼠的肿瘤结构变化以及Bcl-2、Bax、细胞周期蛋白D1、CDK4、STAT3和p-STAT3的表达均有抑制作用:结果:SAE能显著抑制肺癌在体外和体内的增殖,且无细胞毒性。SAE对肺癌细胞活力、迁移和侵袭的抑制作用呈剂量和时间依赖性。在体外和体内,SAE能明显降低促凋亡的Bcl-2/Bax比率以及促增殖蛋白Cyclin D1和CDK4的表达。此外,SAE 还抑制了 STAT3 的表达:结论:SAE 可降低人肺癌细胞的存活率,抑制细胞迁移和侵袭。结论:SAE 可降低人肺癌细胞的存活率,抑制细胞迁移和侵袭,而且在体内也有抗增殖作用。因此,SAE 可用于癌症治疗。
{"title":"<i>Sanghuangporus sanghuang</i> extract inhibits the proliferation and invasion of lung cancer cells <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>.","authors":"Weike Wang, Jiling Song, Na Lu, Jing Yan, Guanping Chen","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2023.17.6.1070","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2023.17.6.1070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong><i>Sanghuangporus sanghuang</i> (SS) has various medicinal effects, including anti-inflammation and anticancer activities. Despite the extensive research on SS, its molecular mechanisms of action on lung cancer are unclear. This study examined the impact of an SS alcohol extract (SAE) on lung cancer using <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> models.</p><p><strong>Materials/methods: </strong>Different concentrations of SAE were used to culture lung cancer cells (A549 and H1650). A cell counting kit-8 assay was used to detect the survival ability of A549 and H1650 cells. A scratch assay and transwell cell invasion assay were used to detect the migration rate and invasive ability of SAE. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl2-associated X (Bax), cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinases 4 (CDK4), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3). Lung cancer xenograft mice were used to detect the inhibiting ability of SAE <i>in vivo</i>. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the effect of SAE on the structural changes to the tumor and the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, cyclin D1, CDK4, STAT3, and p-STAT3 in lung cancer xenograft mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SAE could inhibit lung cancer proliferation significantly <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> without cytotoxicity. SAE suppressed the viability, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells in a dose and time-dependent manner. The SAE treatment significantly decreased the proapoptotic Bcl-2/Bax ratio and the expression of pro-proliferative proteins Cyclin D1 and CDK4 <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. Furthermore, SAE also inhibited STAT3 expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SAE reduced the cell viability and suppressed cell migration and invasion in human lung cancer cells. Moreover, SAE also exhibited anti-proliferation effects <i>in vivo</i>. Therefore, SAE may have benefits in cancer therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"17 6","pages":"1070-1083"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10694423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138488109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Nutrition Research and Practice
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