Neuropsychologia最新文献_第3页

There is more social in semantics! A brief commentary and reanalysis of Balgova et al. (2024) 语义中有更多的社交性！对Balgova等人（2024）的简评与再分析。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109353

Frank Van Overwalle , Maria Arioli , Elien Heleven , Min Qiu , Natacha Deroost , Kris Baetens

Balgova et al. (2024) recently conducted a large-scale meta-analysis on mentalizing and on semantic cognition, to investigate the degree to which the neural correlates of these two processes are overlapping. The study found consistent neural overlap between the two processes, especially in the bilateral anterior temporal lobe (ATL) and the left temporoparietal junction (TPJ), although they also identified many areas of activation specific to mentalizing. Although we agree with their general conclusion, we investigated to what extent the semantic dataset was actually devoid of social content, and if not, how this would change the results. After careful screening and categorization of the “semantic” material, we found experiments that contained elements of social mentalizing (N = 36) and social action observation (N = 16), apart from nonsocial semantics (N = 46). ALE analyses on the social mentalizing and nonsocial semantic subsets from the original “semantic” full dataset, confirmed that semantic brain areas are activated when processing both social mentalizing and nonsocial semantic content, while mentalizing brain areas are uniquely activated when processing social mentalizing content. Specifically, semantic and mentalizing content activated the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), left middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and posterior medial frontal cortex (pmFC); and also the left ventral temporal lobe, supporting the graded multimodal hub model of semantic cognition. Critically, as we claimed, mentalizing content uniquely activated the temporal pole (TP), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), although activation in the left TPJ was also shared with semantic processes. We conclude that a more careful distinction between social and nonsocial datasets guarantees more sensitive and valid analyses.

Balgova等人（2024）最近进行了一项关于心智化和语义认知的大规模元分析，以调查这两个过程的神经相关物重叠的程度。研究发现，这两个过程之间存在一致的神经重叠，尤其是在双侧颞叶前部（ATL）和左颞顶叶交界处（TPJ），尽管他们也发现了许多特定于心智化的激活区域。虽然我们同意他们的一般结论，但我们调查了语义数据集实际上在多大程度上缺乏社交内容，如果不是，这将如何改变结果。经过对“语义”材料的仔细筛选和分类，我们发现除了非社会语义（N = 46）之外，实验还包含社会心理化（N = 36）和社会行动观察（N = 16）的元素。对原始“语义”完整数据集的社会心理化和非社会语义子集进行ALE分析，证实了在处理社会心理化和非社会语义内容时，语义脑区都被激活，而在处理社会心理化内容时，心理化脑区被唯一激活。具体来说，语义化和心智化内容激活了左侧额下回（IFG）、左侧颞中回（MTG）和后内侧额叶皮层（pmFC）；还有左腹侧颞叶，支持语义认知的分级多模态中枢模型。关键的是，正如我们所声称的那样，思维化内容唯一地激活了颞极（TP），内侧前额叶皮层（mPFC），尽管左侧TPJ的激活也与语义过程共享。我们的结论是，更仔细地区分社会和非社会数据集可以保证更敏感和有效的分析。

{"title":"There is more social in semantics! A brief commentary and reanalysis of Balgova et al. (2024)","authors":"Frank Van Overwalle , Maria Arioli , Elien Heleven , Min Qiu , Natacha Deroost , Kris Baetens","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Balgova et al. (2024) recently conducted a large-scale meta-analysis on mentalizing and on semantic cognition, to investigate the degree to which the neural correlates of these two processes are overlapping. The study found consistent neural overlap between the two processes, especially in the bilateral anterior temporal lobe (ATL) and the left temporoparietal junction (TPJ), although they also identified many areas of activation specific to mentalizing. Although we agree with their general conclusion, we investigated to what extent the semantic dataset was actually devoid of social content, and if not, how this would change the results. After careful screening and categorization of the “semantic” material, we found experiments that contained elements of social mentalizing (N = 36) and social action observation (N = 16), apart from nonsocial semantics (N = 46). ALE analyses on the social mentalizing and nonsocial semantic subsets from the original “semantic” full dataset, confirmed that semantic brain areas are activated when processing both social mentalizing and nonsocial semantic content, while mentalizing brain areas are uniquely activated when processing social mentalizing content. Specifically, semantic and mentalizing content activated the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), left middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and posterior medial frontal cortex (pmFC); and also the left ventral temporal lobe, supporting the graded multimodal hub model of semantic cognition. Critically, as we claimed, mentalizing content uniquely activated the temporal pole (TP), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), although activation in the left TPJ was also shared with semantic processes. We conclude that a more careful distinction between social and nonsocial datasets guarantees more sensitive and valid analyses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109353"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145849957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Posterior parietal cortex modulates perceptual decisions depending on psychotic phenotype 后顶叶皮层根据精神病表型调节知觉决策。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109348

Francesco Scaramozzino, Ryan McKay, Nicholas Furl

Background

Reduced data-gathering and altered sensory precision are associated with psychotic phenotypes in tasks engaging the posterior parietal cortex (PPC). We investigated whether PPC excitability - modulated via 1 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) - differentially affects these behavioural patterns in high vs. low psychotic phenotypes. Based on prior work, we hypothesised that delusional and hallucinatory traits would moderate TMS effects on sensory precision (proxied by drift rates), while hallucinatory traits would additionally moderate effects on decision thresholds.

Methods

We compared performance in both the random dot motion task (RDM) and the beads task in two groups of participants (total, N = 68) undergoing TMS or sham-TMS over the right PPC. Hierarchical drift-diffusion models estimated drift rates (sensory precision proxies) and decision thresholds. We evaluated differences between TMS and sham-TMS groups and tested for interactions of these TMS groups with delusional and hallucinatory phenotypes.

Results

In RDM, TMS increased decision thresholds compared to sham-TMS in the low psychotic phenotype group. This effect was not present in participants with higher psychotic phenotypes. Drift rates, in contrast, were lowered in participants with higher delusional phenotype. No significant effect was found on beads task performance.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest a causal role of PPC in decisions to end data-gathering during perceptual inference. The absence of this effect in the psychotic phenotype yields new hypotheses on the role of PPC excitability in neural mechanisms underlying decision-making patterns in the psychotic phenotype.

背景：在涉及后顶叶皮质（PPC）的任务中，数据收集减少和感觉精度改变与精神病表型相关。我们研究了通过1hz重复经颅磁刺激（TMS）调节的PPC兴奋性是否会对高和低精神病表型的这些行为模式产生不同的影响。基于先前的工作，我们假设妄想和幻觉特质会调节经颅磁刺激对感觉精度的影响（由漂移率代表），而幻觉特质会额外调节决策阈值的影响。方法：比较经颅磁刺激和假经颅磁刺激两组（共68人）在右侧PPC上的随机点运动任务（RDM）和珠子任务的表现。分层漂移-扩散模型估计漂移率（感觉精度代理）和决策阈值。我们评估了经颅磁刺激组和假经颅磁刺激组之间的差异，并测试了这些经颅磁刺激组与妄想和幻觉表型的相互作用。结果：在RDM中，与假经颅磁刺激相比，低精神病表型组的经颅磁刺激增加了决策阈值。这种效应在具有较高精神病表型的参与者中不存在。相比之下，妄想表型较高的参与者的漂移率较低。无明显影响珠子的任务表现。结论：我们的研究结果表明，PPC在感知推理过程中终止数据收集的决定中起着因果作用。在精神病表型中这种作用的缺失产生了关于PPC兴奋性在精神病表型决策模式的神经机制中的作用的新假设。

{"title":"Posterior parietal cortex modulates perceptual decisions depending on psychotic phenotype","authors":"Francesco Scaramozzino, Ryan McKay, Nicholas Furl","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Reduced data-gathering and altered sensory precision are associated with psychotic phenotypes in tasks engaging the posterior parietal cortex (PPC). We investigated whether PPC excitability - modulated via 1 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) - differentially affects these behavioural patterns in high vs. low psychotic phenotypes. Based on prior work, we hypothesised that delusional and hallucinatory traits would moderate TMS effects on sensory precision (proxied by drift rates), while hallucinatory traits would additionally moderate effects on decision thresholds.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We compared performance in both the random dot motion task (RDM) and the beads task in two groups of participants (total, <em>N</em> = 68) undergoing TMS or sham-TMS over the right PPC. Hierarchical drift-diffusion models estimated drift rates (sensory precision proxies) and decision thresholds. We evaluated differences between TMS and sham-TMS groups and tested for interactions of these TMS groups with delusional and hallucinatory phenotypes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In RDM, TMS increased decision thresholds compared to sham-TMS in the low psychotic phenotype group. This effect was not present in participants with higher psychotic phenotypes. Drift rates, in contrast, were lowered in participants with higher delusional phenotype. No significant effect was found on beads task performance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings suggest a causal role of PPC in decisions to end data-gathering during perceptual inference. The absence of this effect in the psychotic phenotype yields new hypotheses on the role of PPC excitability in neural mechanisms underlying decision-making patterns in the psychotic phenotype.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109348"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145843900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fornix subdivisions and spatial learning: a diffusion MRI study 联合前穹窿参与人类导航学习。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109350

Carl J. Hodgetts , Mark Postans , Angharad N. Williams , Kim S. Graham , Andrew D. Lawrence

The fornix is the major fibre pathway linking the hippocampal formation with distal brain sites. Human and animal lesion studies show that the connections comprising the fornix are vital for specific attributes of episodic and spatial memory. The fornix, however, interconnects the hippocampal formation with an array of subcortical and cortical sites and it is not known which specific connections support spatial-mnemonic function. To address this, utilizing a partly previously published dataset (Hodgetts et al., 2020), we applied a novel deterministic tractography protocol to diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) data from a group of healthy young adult humans who separately completed a desktop-based virtual reality analogue of the Morris water maze task. The tractography protocol enabled the two main parts of the fornix, delineated previously in axonal tracing studies in rodents and primates, to be reconstructed in vivo, namely the pre-commissural fornix (connecting the hippocampus to medial prefrontal cortex and with basal forebrain) and the post-commissural fornix (linking the hippocampus and medial diencephalon). We found that inter-individual differences in pre-commissural – but not, surprisingly, post-commissural – fornix microstructure (indexed by free water corrected fractional anisotropy, FA) were significantly correlated with individual differences in spatial learning, indexed by reduction in search error as individuals learned to navigate to a hidden target location from multiple starting points. Specifically, higher FA in the pre-commissural fornix was associated with faster learning rates. This study provides novel evidence that flexible and/or precise spatial learning involves a hippocampal-basal forebrain/prefrontal network underpinned in part by the pre-commissural fornix.

穹窿是连接海马形成与远端大脑部位的主要纤维通路。人类和动物的损伤研究表明，穹窿的连接对情景和空间记忆的特定属性至关重要。然而，穹窿将海马体与一系列皮层下和皮层部位相互连接，目前尚不清楚哪些特定的连接支持空间记忆功能。为了解决这个问题，我们利用部分先前发表的数据集（Hodgetts et al., 2020），对一组健康的年轻成年人的扩散加权磁共振成像（dMRI）数据应用了一种新的确定性神经束成像协议，这些人分别完成了基于桌面的莫里斯水迷宫任务的虚拟现实模拟。该技术使得之前在啮齿动物和灵长类动物的轴突示迹研究中描绘的穹窿的两个主要部分能够在体内重建，即交前穹窿（连接海马与内侧前额叶皮层和基底前脑）和交后穹窿（连接海马和内侧间脑）。我们发现，相互接触前的穹窿微观结构（以自由水校正分数各向异性，FA为索引）的个体间差异与空间学习的个体差异显著相关，这与个体学习从多个起点导航到隐藏目标位置时搜索误差的减少有关。具体来说，较高的联合穹窿FA与更快的学习速度有关。这项研究提供了新的证据，证明灵活和/或精确的空间学习涉及海马体-基底前脑/前额叶网络，该网络部分由联合前穹窿支撑。

{"title":"Fornix subdivisions and spatial learning: a diffusion MRI study","authors":"Carl J. Hodgetts , Mark Postans , Angharad N. Williams , Kim S. Graham , Andrew D. Lawrence","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fornix is the major fibre pathway linking the hippocampal formation with distal brain sites. Human and animal lesion studies show that the connections comprising the fornix are vital for specific attributes of episodic and spatial memory. The fornix, however, interconnects the hippocampal formation with an array of subcortical and cortical sites and it is not known which specific connections support spatial-mnemonic function. To address this, utilizing a partly previously published dataset (Hodgetts et al., 2020), we applied a novel deterministic tractography protocol to diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) data from a group of healthy young adult humans who separately completed a desktop-based virtual reality analogue of the Morris water maze task. The tractography protocol enabled the two main parts of the fornix, delineated previously in axonal tracing studies in rodents and primates, to be reconstructed in vivo, namely the pre-commissural fornix (connecting the hippocampus to medial prefrontal cortex and with basal forebrain) and the post-commissural fornix (linking the hippocampus and medial diencephalon). We found that inter-individual differences in pre-commissural – but not, surprisingly, post-commissural – fornix microstructure (indexed by free water corrected fractional anisotropy, FA) were significantly correlated with individual differences in spatial learning, indexed by reduction in search error as individuals learned to navigate to a hidden target location from multiple starting points. Specifically, higher FA in the pre-commissural fornix was associated with faster learning rates. This study provides novel evidence that flexible and/or precise spatial learning involves a hippocampal-basal forebrain/prefrontal network underpinned in part by the pre-commissural fornix.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109350"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145834490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deep learning approaches to map individual differences in macroscopic neural structure with variations in spatial navigation behavior 深度学习方法在宏观神经结构中映射个体差异与空间导航行为的变化。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109352

Ashish K. Sahoo , Hajymyrat Geldimuradov , Kaleb E. Smith , Aaron Zygala , Yiming Cui , Mahsa Lotfollahi , Kuang Gong , Alina Zare , Steven M. Weisberg

Understanding the association between structural properties of the human brain and individual differences in behavior is an ongoing endeavor, challenged by the brain's complexity. Past approaches, limited by simplistic neural structure measures like brain volume or cortical thickness, have given way to more advanced modeling approaches. Empirical evidence using these simpler metrics occasionally shows that hippocampal structure relates to individual variation in spatial navigation ability, particularly for older individuals or for expert navigators (like London taxi drivers). Yet high-powered, pre-registered studies in typical younger adults revealed no association between hippocampal volume and navigation ability. Here, we follow a data-driven approach developing and comparing deep learning methods (graph convolution neural networks, GCNN; 3DCNN) to analyze whether complex aspects of brain structure predict spatial navigation ability in young populations. To that end, we trained GCNNs and 3DCNNs on a T1 MRI dataset (N = 90) to predict navigational ability as measured by an objective virtual reality test of spatial memory in which participants created as accurate a map as they could of a highly realistic virtual environment. Across all approaches, we found weak predictive value in held-out test data, despite good fits to training data. These results could indicate the need for much larger datasets, including more comprehensive behavioral measures (as this study was limited to one measure) to improve predictability but may also support the notion that hippocampal structural features may not be a primary factor associated with navigation ability in healthy younger adults.

理解人类大脑结构特性与个体行为差异之间的关系是一项持续的努力，受到大脑复杂性的挑战。过去的方法受限于简单的神经结构测量，如脑容量或皮质厚度，已经让位于更先进的建模方法。使用这些简单指标的经验证据偶尔表明，海马体结构与空间导航能力的个体差异有关，特别是对于老年人或专业导航员（如伦敦出租车司机）。然而，在典型的年轻人中进行的高强度、预先登记的研究显示，海马体体积和导航能力之间没有关联。在这里，我们采用数据驱动的方法开发和比较深度学习方法（图卷积神经网络，GCNN, 3DCNN）来分析大脑结构的复杂方面是否可以预测年轻人的空间导航能力。为此，我们在T1 MRI数据集（N=90）上训练gcnn和3dcnn，以通过空间记忆的客观虚拟现实测试来预测导航能力，在该测试中，参与者创建了尽可能准确的地图，他们可以高度逼真的虚拟环境。在所有的方法中，我们发现，尽管与训练数据很吻合，但测试数据的预测价值很弱。这些结果可能表明需要更大的数据集，包括更全面的行为测量（因为本研究仅限于一种测量）来提高可预测性，但也可能支持海马体结构特征可能不是健康年轻人导航能力相关的主要因素的观点。

{"title":"Deep learning approaches to map individual differences in macroscopic neural structure with variations in spatial navigation behavior","authors":"Ashish K. Sahoo , Hajymyrat Geldimuradov , Kaleb E. Smith , Aaron Zygala , Yiming Cui , Mahsa Lotfollahi , Kuang Gong , Alina Zare , Steven M. Weisberg","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the association between structural properties of the human brain and individual differences in behavior is an ongoing endeavor, challenged by the brain's complexity. Past approaches, limited by simplistic neural structure measures like brain volume or cortical thickness, have given way to more advanced modeling approaches. Empirical evidence using these simpler metrics occasionally shows that hippocampal structure relates to individual variation in spatial navigation ability, particularly for older individuals or for expert navigators (like London taxi drivers). Yet high-powered, pre-registered studies in typical younger adults revealed no association between hippocampal volume and navigation ability. Here, we follow a data-driven approach developing and comparing deep learning methods (graph convolution neural networks, GCNN; 3DCNN) to analyze whether complex aspects of brain structure predict spatial navigation ability in young populations. To that end, we trained GCNNs and 3DCNNs on a T1 MRI dataset (N = 90) to predict navigational ability as measured by an objective virtual reality test of spatial memory in which participants created as accurate a map as they could of a highly realistic virtual environment. Across all approaches, we found weak predictive value in held-out test data, despite good fits to training data. These results could indicate the need for much larger datasets, including more comprehensive behavioral measures (as this study was limited to one measure) to improve predictability but may also support the notion that hippocampal structural features may not be a primary factor associated with navigation ability in healthy younger adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109352"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145827814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bayesian cue combination best predicts straight-line distance estimation with translated visual landmarks 贝叶斯线索组合最好地预测直线距离估计与翻译的视觉标志。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109351

Abhilasha Vishwanath , Matthew F. Watson , Melanie K. Gin , Donnette C. Markham , Yinqi Huang , Yu K. Du , Arne Ekstrom , Robert C. Wilson

Navigation requires the ability to update and track one's location and course from available multisensory information. Multisensory input comes in two prominent forms: body-based idiothetic cues and visual allothetic cues, usually from visual landmarks. Yet, how these two streams of information are integrated remains unresolved. In this study, we used a highly controlled straight-line distance estimation task in immersive virtual reality to investigate how idiothetic and allothetic spatial cues are integrated. In our experiment, participants reproduced a walked distance in the dark (path integration), with some trials involving misleading visual feedback showing a translated virtual room with an offset of up to 1.5 m from the true distance. We used computational modeling to determine the effect of visual feedback offset on the distance participants walked. We modelled participants' performance on the task with three distinct models involving path integration, landmark navigation, and integrating landmark feedback based on the uncertainty of the participant. The model results showed that the behavior of most participants (n = 24) was best predicted by a Bayesian cue combination model that involved averaging the two spatial cues according to their perceived level of uncertainty. Our data showed considerable individual differences in the uncertainty estimates of participants, which spanned almost uniformly from pure path integration (ignoring the visual cue) to pure landmark navigation (ignoring path integration estimate). Taken together these findings provide evidence in favor of Bayesian cue combination strategy in distance reproduction with individual differences in navigation behavior dictated by perceived level of uncertainty.

导航需要从可用的多感官信息中更新和跟踪自己的位置和路线的能力。多感官输入有两种主要形式：基于身体的独特线索和视觉同种线索，通常来自视觉地标。然而，如何整合这两种信息流仍未得到解决。在这项研究中，我们在沉浸式虚拟现实中使用高度控制的直线距离估计任务来研究独特和异体空间线索是如何整合的。在我们的实验中，参与者在黑暗中再现了步行距离（路径整合），其中一些试验涉及误导性的视觉反馈，显示了一个与真实距离相差1.5米的虚拟房间。我们使用计算模型来确定视觉反馈偏移对参与者步行距离的影响。我们用路径整合、地标导航和基于参与者不确定性的地标反馈三种不同的模型来模拟参与者在任务中的表现。模型结果表明，大多数参与者（n = 24）的行为最能被贝叶斯线索组合模型预测，该模型包括根据他们感知的不确定性水平平均两个空间线索。我们的数据显示，参与者的不确定性估计存在相当大的个体差异，从纯粹的路径整合（忽略视觉线索）到纯粹的地标导航（忽略路径整合估计）几乎一致。综上所述，这些发现为贝叶斯线索组合策略在距离繁殖中的应用提供了证据，这种策略受感知不确定性水平的影响，在导航行为上存在个体差异。

{"title":"Bayesian cue combination best predicts straight-line distance estimation with translated visual landmarks","authors":"Abhilasha Vishwanath , Matthew F. Watson , Melanie K. Gin , Donnette C. Markham , Yinqi Huang , Yu K. Du , Arne Ekstrom , Robert C. Wilson","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Navigation requires the ability to update and track one's location and course from available multisensory information. Multisensory input comes in two prominent forms: body-based idiothetic cues and visual allothetic cues, usually from visual landmarks. Yet, how these two streams of information are integrated remains unresolved. In this study, we used a highly controlled straight-line distance estimation task in immersive virtual reality to investigate how idiothetic and allothetic spatial cues are integrated. In our experiment, participants reproduced a walked distance in the dark (path integration), with some trials involving misleading visual feedback showing a translated virtual room with an offset of up to 1.5 m from the true distance. We used computational modeling to determine the effect of visual feedback offset on the distance participants walked. We modelled participants' performance on the task with three distinct models involving path integration, landmark navigation, and integrating landmark feedback based on the uncertainty of the participant. The model results showed that the behavior of most participants (n = 24) was best predicted by a Bayesian cue combination model that involved averaging the two spatial cues according to their perceived level of uncertainty. Our data showed considerable individual differences in the uncertainty estimates of participants, which spanned almost uniformly from pure path integration (ignoring the visual cue) to pure landmark navigation (ignoring path integration estimate). Taken together these findings provide evidence in favor of Bayesian cue combination strategy in distance reproduction with individual differences in navigation behavior dictated by perceived level of uncertainty.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109351"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145827839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A deficit in semantic word learning in Huntington's disease 亨廷顿氏病中语义单词学习的缺陷。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109349

R. De Diego-Balaguer , G. Olivé , A. Mestres-Missé , C. Alvarez-Martin , L. Lemoine , E. Nogueira-Teixeira , A. Rodriguez-Fornells , A.C. Bachoud-Lévi

Previous studies investigating language deficits in Huntington's disease (HD) have reported relatively preserved lexical and semantic systems. Nevertheless, some aspects such as semantic word learning have never been previously explored. With this aim, in two experiments we used a well-known contextual word-learning paradigm to study two groups of early-stage HD patients with matched controls. The task required participants to infer the meaning of new words by extracting and integrating semantic cues from different sentences in a self-paced reading paradigm. The results showed that patients displayed difficulties to learn the meaning of new words from the context of the sentences (Exp. 1), which was reflected as more errors and null responses compared to controls, as well as increased reading times in conditions where meaning had to be integrated. Besides, we explored to which degree these learning differences could be attributed to working memory (WM) deficits. In Exp. 2 we ruled out this hypothesis, showing that semantic word learning was still impaired when reducing WM load. As a control condition, we also reported that these deficits remained even though patients had no impairment accessing synonyms or semantically related words of real words. These results strongly suggest a semantic learning impairment despite apparently preserved semantic processing abilities in HD patients. This research adds to growing evidence on the existence of subtle language-related impairments in HD patients, more specifically in complex language learning tasks.

先前对亨廷顿舞蹈病（HD）语言缺陷的研究报道了相对保存的词汇和语义系统。然而，一些方面，如语义词的学习从未被探索过。为此，在两个实验中，我们使用了一个众所周知的上下文单词学习范式来研究两组早期HD患者和匹配的对照。这项任务要求参与者在一个自定节奏的阅读范式中，通过从不同的句子中提取和整合语义线索来推断新词的含义。结果显示，患者在从句子的上下文中学习新单词的意思方面表现出困难（实验1），这反映在与对照组相比有更多的错误和无效反应，以及在必须整合意义的情况下增加了阅读时间。此外，我们还探讨了这些学习差异在多大程度上归因于工作记忆缺陷。在Exp. 2中，我们排除了这一假设，表明当减少WM负载时，语义词的学习仍然受到损害。作为对照条件，我们还报道，即使患者在获取同义词或真实单词的语义相关单词方面没有障碍，这些缺陷仍然存在。这些结果强烈表明，尽管HD患者明显保留了语义处理能力，但语义学习障碍。这项研究为HD患者存在微妙的语言相关障碍提供了越来越多的证据，更具体地说，是复杂的语言学习任务。

{"title":"A deficit in semantic word learning in Huntington's disease","authors":"R. De Diego-Balaguer , G. Olivé , A. Mestres-Missé , C. Alvarez-Martin , L. Lemoine , E. Nogueira-Teixeira , A. Rodriguez-Fornells , A.C. Bachoud-Lévi","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous studies investigating language deficits in Huntington's disease (HD) have reported relatively preserved lexical and semantic systems. Nevertheless, some aspects such as semantic word learning have never been previously explored. With this aim, in two experiments we used a well-known contextual word-learning paradigm to study two groups of early-stage HD patients with matched controls. The task required participants to infer the meaning of new words by extracting and integrating semantic cues from different sentences in a self-paced reading paradigm. The results showed that patients displayed difficulties to learn the meaning of new words from the context of the sentences (Exp. 1), which was reflected as more errors and null responses compared to controls, as well as increased reading times in conditions where meaning had to be integrated. Besides, we explored to which degree these learning differences could be attributed to working memory (WM) deficits. In Exp. 2 we ruled out this hypothesis, showing that semantic word learning was still impaired when reducing WM load. As a control condition, we also reported that these deficits remained even though patients had no impairment accessing synonyms or semantically related words of real words. These results strongly suggest a semantic learning impairment despite apparently preserved semantic processing abilities in HD patients. This research adds to growing evidence on the existence of subtle language-related impairments in HD patients, more specifically in complex language learning tasks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109349"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145810769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ineffective imagery 无效的图像。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109347

Steve Humbert-Droz , Fabiana Caserta

引用次数: 0

Spontaneous visual imagery during extended music listening is associated with reliable alpha suppression 长时间听音乐时自发的视觉意象与可靠的α抑制有关。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109346

Sarah Hashim, Diana Omigie

Music is widely recognised as being able to evoke images in the mind's eye. However, the neural basis of visual imagery experiences during music listening remains poorly understood. Here, we combined probe-caught experience sampling methodology with 32-channel electroencephalography (EEG) recordings in order to investigate the neuro-oscillatory correlates of music-evoked visual imagery and examine how spontaneously generated imagery compares to more deliberately generated forms. Thirty participants listened with closed eyes to four blocks of music, differing in their familiarity and relaxation potential and spanning a range of genres. In response to probes sent throughout listening, participants indicated whether or not they had been experiencing visual imagery and, if they had, whether the experienced visual imagery had been spontaneous or deliberate. Cluster permutation analyses on the time-frequency decomposed EEG data revealed alpha power suppression during visual imagery that was more reliable during spontaneous than deliberate imagery. Further, while theta and delta bands did not discriminate the presence or absence of the visual imagery experience or its intentionality subtypes, we observed that gamma power suppression in fronto-central areas was present during visual imagery experiences. Our results extend prior findings of a role of posterior alpha suppression in visual imagery to show its reliability in music-evoked spontaneous imagery specifically. We consider plausible interpretations of the presence and absence of other oscillatory signatures in relation to the listening conditions used in the current study.

人们普遍认为音乐能够唤起心灵眼中的图像。然而，人们对音乐听过程中视觉意象体验的神经基础仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们将探针捕获的经验抽样方法与32通道脑电图（EEG）记录相结合，以研究音乐诱发的视觉图像的神经振荡相关性，并研究自发生成的图像与故意生成的图像的比较。30名参与者闭上眼睛听四组音乐，他们的熟悉程度和放松潜力不同，涵盖了一系列流派。作为对整个听力过程中发出的探针的回应，参与者表明他们是否经历过视觉意象，如果经历过，经历过的视觉意象是自发的还是故意的。对时频分解的脑电数据进行聚类排列分析，结果表明自发成像时的α功率抑制比故意成像时的α功率抑制更可靠。此外，虽然theta和delta波段不能区分视觉意象体验或其意向性亚型的存在与否，但我们观察到在视觉意象体验期间，额中央区域存在伽马功率抑制。我们的结果扩展了先前关于后α抑制在视觉意象中的作用的发现，以表明其在音乐诱发的自发意象中的可靠性。我们考虑与当前研究中使用的听力条件有关的其他振荡特征的存在和不存在的合理解释。

{"title":"Spontaneous visual imagery during extended music listening is associated with reliable alpha suppression","authors":"Sarah Hashim, Diana Omigie","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Music is widely recognised as being able to evoke images in the mind's eye. However, the neural basis of visual imagery experiences during music listening remains poorly understood. Here, we combined probe-caught experience sampling methodology with 32-channel electroencephalography (EEG) recordings in order to investigate the neuro-oscillatory correlates of music-evoked visual imagery and examine how spontaneously generated imagery compares to more deliberately generated forms. Thirty participants listened with closed eyes to four blocks of music, differing in their familiarity and relaxation potential and spanning a range of genres. In response to probes sent throughout listening, participants indicated whether or not they had been experiencing visual imagery and, if they had, whether the experienced visual imagery had been spontaneous or deliberate. Cluster permutation analyses on the time-frequency decomposed EEG data revealed alpha power suppression during visual imagery that was more reliable during spontaneous than deliberate imagery. Further, while theta and delta bands did not discriminate the presence or absence of the visual imagery experience or its intentionality subtypes, we observed that gamma power suppression in fronto-central areas was present during visual imagery experiences. Our results extend prior findings of a role of posterior alpha suppression in visual imagery to show its reliability in music-evoked spontaneous imagery specifically. We consider plausible interpretations of the presence and absence of other oscillatory signatures in relation to the listening conditions used in the current study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109346"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145794443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Visual load does not modulate neural processing of audiovisual speech integration 视觉负荷不调节视听语音整合的神经加工。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109344

Marc Sato

A long-standing controversial issue in speech perception concerns the automatic nature of audiovisual speech integration, independent of attentional and cognitive load. From this question, the present EEG study aimed to determine whether visual load and associated task difficulty can modulate audiovisual speech integration and, if so, at what stage of neural processing. To this end, four syllable discrimination tasks differing in the degree of visual discrimination and speaker variability were performed in auditory, visual, and audiovisual modalities. Early and late effects of audiovisual integration, as well as late effects of visual load, were observed on auditory evoked responses. Crucially, the neural binding of acoustic and visual speech signals was not modulated by either visual discrimination or speaker variability. These results support an automatic integration of acoustic and visual speech cues, independent of visual load, during audiovisual syllable discrimination.

在语音感知领域，一个长期存在争议的问题是，视听语音整合的自动性质是否独立于注意和认知负荷。从这个问题出发，本脑电图研究旨在确定视觉负荷和相关的任务难度是否可以调节视听语音整合，如果可以，在神经加工的哪个阶段。为此，以听觉、视觉和视听三种方式进行了四种不同程度的视觉歧视和说话者变异的音节识别任务。视听整合的早期和晚期效应以及视觉负荷对听觉诱发反应的晚期效应均有显著影响。至关重要的是，听觉和视觉语音信号的神经结合不受视觉辨别或说话人变化的调节。这些结果支持在视听音节识别过程中独立于视觉负载的声学和视觉语音线索的自动集成。

引用次数: 0

Group values modulate ingroup bias in self-referential processing: Evidence from event-related potentials 群体价值调节自我参照加工中的群体内偏倚：来自事件相关电位的证据

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109345

Qianwen Gao , Wanxia Chen , Feng Zou , Yufeng Wang , Meng Zhang , Jinqi Cui , Xin Wu

Individuals exhibit ingroup bias in self-referential processing, yet how group values modulate this bias at the neural level remains unclear. Using event-related potentials (ERPs) and a minimal group paradigm, this study examined how group values moderate ingroup bias during self-referential judgments. In a 2 (group: ingroup vs. outgroup) × 2 (trait value: highly-valued vs. low-valued) within-participants design, participants judged whether neutral trait words described themselves. Behaviorally, reaction times were faster for ingroup and highly-valued traits. Endorsement rate was higher for ingroup-highly-valued traits than for outgroup-highly-valued traits, with no difference for low-valued traits. Electrophysiologically, early components (P1, P2) and the posterior Late Positive Potential (LPP) were unaffected. However, the anterior LPP was significantly enhanced for ingroup-highly-valued traits compared to both outgroup-highly-valued and ingroup-low-valued traits. Moreover, a negative correlation emerged between neural interaction strength (anterior LPP) and behavioral interaction strength (endorsement rate), suggesting that deeper neurocognitive internalization of group values corresponds to reduced behavioral reliance on group cues. These findings indicate that group values shape self-concept integration by modulating late elaborate self-processing, with the anterior LPP serving as a neural marker for value-self integration. This study elucidates the neurocognitive basis of how social context influences self-construction.

个体在自我参照加工中表现出群体内偏见，但群体价值观如何在神经水平上调节这种偏见尚不清楚。本研究利用事件相关电位（ERPs）和最小群体范式，考察了群体价值在自我参照判断中如何调节群体内偏见。在2（组：内组vs外组）× 2（特征值：高值vs低值）的参与者内设计中，参与者判断中性特征词是否描述了自己。从行为上看，内部性和高价值特质的反应时间更快。内组高价值性状的认可率高于外组高价值性状，低价值性状的认可率无显著差异。电生理上，早期成分（P1, P2）和后晚期正电位（LPP）未受影响。然而，与外群高值性状和内群低值性状相比，内群高值性状的前LPP显著增强。此外，神经相互作用强度（LPP）与行为相互作用强度（背书率）呈负相关，表明群体价值的神经认知内化程度越深，行为对群体线索的依赖程度就越低。这些结果表明，群体价值观通过调节后期精细自我加工来塑造自我概念整合，而前LPP是价值自我整合的神经标记。本研究阐明了社会情境如何影响自我建构的神经认知基础。

{"title":"Group values modulate ingroup bias in self-referential processing: Evidence from event-related potentials","authors":"Qianwen Gao , Wanxia Chen , Feng Zou , Yufeng Wang , Meng Zhang , Jinqi Cui , Xin Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Individuals exhibit ingroup bias in self-referential processing, yet how group values modulate this bias at the neural level remains unclear. Using event-related potentials (ERPs) and a minimal group paradigm, this study examined how group values moderate ingroup bias during self-referential judgments. In a 2 (group: ingroup vs. outgroup) × 2 (trait value: highly-valued vs. low-valued) within-participants design, participants judged whether neutral trait words described themselves. Behaviorally, reaction times were faster for ingroup and highly-valued traits. Endorsement rate was higher for ingroup-highly-valued traits than for outgroup-highly-valued traits, with no difference for low-valued traits. Electrophysiologically, early components (P1, P2) and the posterior Late Positive Potential (LPP) were unaffected. However, the anterior LPP was significantly enhanced for ingroup-highly-valued traits compared to both outgroup-highly-valued and ingroup-low-valued traits. Moreover, a negative correlation emerged between neural interaction strength (anterior LPP) and behavioral interaction strength (endorsement rate), suggesting that deeper neurocognitive internalization of group values corresponds to reduced behavioral reliance on group cues. These findings indicate that group values shape self-concept integration by modulating late elaborate self-processing, with the anterior LPP serving as a neural marker for value-self integration. This study elucidates the neurocognitive basis of how social context influences self-construction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109345"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145712265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0