Neuropsychologia最新文献_第3页

Electrophysiological correlates of detection and identification awareness for digits and letters 数字和字母的检测和识别意识的电生理相关。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2026.109371

Stefan Wiens, Mingailė Greičiūtė, Billy Gerdfeldter, Annika Andersson

A central feature of consciousness is the association between external events and subjective experiences of content. These experiences range from low level (detection) to high level (identification). For example, a visual experience may range from seeing something on a computer screen (detection) to seeing the digit 3 (identification). In research, neural processes that correlate with these experiences are called neural correlates of consciousness (NCCs). In vision, a candidate NCC is the visual awareness negativity (VAN) that is derived from event-related potentials, occurring about 200 ms after stimulus onset over posterior electrode sites. Because previous research does not resolve whether VAN is more sensitive to low-level experiences (detection awareness) than high-level experiences (identification awareness), we conducted two preregistered experiments. In both experiments, two staircases continuously adjusted stimulus opacity to separately target detection awareness and identification awareness. In Experiment 1, subjects viewed either individual digits (N = 15) or individual letters or digits (N = 15). For both types of stimuli, VAN was similarly sensitive to detection awareness and identification awareness. As a follow up, Experiment 2 (N = 28) examined whether stimulus size affects VAN to identification awareness using digit stimuli. Results showed identification VAN for both digit sizes, and VAN was unaffected by stimulus size. These results confirm the sensitivity of VAN to both low-level experiences (detection) and high-level experiences (identification). However, results emphasize the limited specificity of VAN in separating between low-level and high-level experiences, suggested by the similarity of VAN in both conditions.

意识的一个中心特征是外部事件与内容的主观体验之间的联系。这些经验从低级（检测）到高级（识别）不等。例如，视觉体验的范围可以从在计算机屏幕上看到某些东西（检测）到看到数字3（识别）。在研究中，与这些经历相关的神经过程被称为意识的神经相关（NCCs）。在视觉方面，候选的NCC是视觉意识负性（VAN），它来源于事件相关电位，在刺激开始后约200 ms发生在后电极部位。由于之前的研究没有解决VAN是否对低水平经验（检测意识）比高水平经验（识别意识）更敏感，因此我们进行了两个预注册实验。在这两个实验中，两个独立的楼梯不断调整刺激不透明度，以目标检测意识或识别意识。在实验1中，受试者观看单个数字（N = 15）或单个字母或数字（N = 15）。对于两种类型的刺激，VAN对检测意识和识别意识同样敏感。作为后续研究，实验2 （N = 28）检验了刺激大小是否影响VAN对数字刺激的识别意识。结果表明，对两种手指大小的识别VAN，并且VAN不受刺激大小的影响。这些结果证实了VAN对低水平经验（检测）和高水平经验（识别）的敏感性。然而，结果强调VAN在区分低水平和高水平经验方面的有限特异性，这表明两种情况下VAN的相似性。

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引用次数: 0

Seeing more than schemas: the vmPFC represents imagery-rich mental scenarios 看到的不仅仅是图式：vmPFC代表了丰富的图像心理场景。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2026.109370

Sorit Achmed Ali , Pitshaporn Leelaarporn , Rüdiger Stirnberger , Maren Bilzer , Nadja Abdel Kafi , Julia Taube , Yilmaz Sagik , Cornelia McCormick

Mental imagery varies dramatically across individuals, from vivid scene construction to the complete absence of visual experience, as seen in aphantasia. While the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is traditionally associated with abstract, schematic representations, emerging theories suggest it also contributes to constructing perceptually rich, temporally extended mental scenarios. To test this, we developed a 7T fMRI experiment that varied imagery demands across conditions: participants memorized richly detailed scenarios, more constrained stationary objects, and semantic definitions for three abstract German words (e.g., hope). During scanning and eye-tracking, the same cue word was presented on every trial, but participants vividly re-engaged with one of three learned representations (scenario construction, object construction, or semantic definitions). Using the same word across conditions enabled us to disentangle perceptual richness from semantic scaffolding and to test directly whether vmPFC represents imagery-rich scenarios rather than functioning solely as a conceptual coordinator. Univariate analyses revealed increased activation in vmPFC, medial temporal regions, and occipital cortex during scenario construction. Multivoxel pattern analysis (MVPA) showed that the vmPFC was the only region examined in which classifier accuracy for scenarios exceeded that of object construction and semantic definitions, supporting its role in representing imagery-rich details rather than solely abstract schemas. Eye movement patterns further distinguished conditions, reflecting differences in constructive processes. These findings advance models of vmPFC function, highlighting its contribution to integrating perceptual richness with conceptual meaning in temporally extended mental scenarios.

心理意象因人而异，从生动的场景构建到完全缺乏视觉经验，如幻觉症所示。虽然腹内侧前额叶皮层（vmPFC）传统上与抽象、图式表征有关，但新兴理论表明，它也有助于构建感知丰富、时间延伸的心理场景。为了验证这一点，我们开发了一个7T fMRI实验，在不同条件下改变图像需求：参与者记住了非常详细的场景，更多受限的静止物体，以及三个抽象德语单词（例如，希望）的语义定义。在扫描和眼球追踪过程中，每次试验都呈现相同的提示词，但参与者生动地重新参与三种学习表征（场景构建、对象构建或语义定义）中的一种。在不同条件下使用相同的单词使我们能够从语义脚手架中分离出感知丰富性，并直接测试vmPFC是否代表图像丰富的场景，而不仅仅是作为概念协调器发挥作用。单变量分析显示，在情景构建过程中，vmPFC、内侧颞区和枕皮质的激活增加。多体素模式分析（Multivoxel pattern analysis， MVPA）表明，vmPFC是唯一一个分类器准确率选择性超过场景概率的区域，支持其在表示图像丰富的细节而不仅仅是抽象模式方面的作用。眼动模式进一步区分病情，反映了构建过程的差异。这些发现促进了vmPFC功能的模型，突出了其在时间扩展心理场景中整合感知丰富性与概念意义的贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Opposite effects of social harm and help on prosocial behaviors: Behavioral and EEG studies 社会伤害与社会帮助对亲社会行为的相反影响：行为与脑电图研究。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2026.109369

Xinling Chen, Shihui Han

Prosocial behaviors are fundamentally important for social harmony but vary across individuals with diverse experiences during development. We tested the hypothesis that receiving harms and helps from others during social interactions produce opposite (decreasing or increasing) effects on prosocial behaviors in four studies. We showed that a short experience of receiving social harms reduced both prosocial decision-making and affective empathy for others’ pain whereas a short experience of receiving social helps enhanced prosocial decision-making (Experiment 1). Social harms produced stronger effects on prosocial decision-making and subjective/electroencephalography measures of empathy related to inflictors who produced harms compared to irrelevant strangers (Experiments 2 and 3). Sustained experiences of receiving social helps were able to restore the impaired prosocial decision-making and empathy caused by a short experience of receiving social harms (Experiment 4). These findings indicate opposite relationships between prosocial behavior and social harm/help and suggest empathy as a potential intermediate psychological mechanism.

亲社会行为对社会和谐至关重要，但由于个体在发展过程中的不同经历而有所不同。我们在四项研究中检验了在社会交往中接受他人伤害和帮助对亲社会行为产生相反（减少或增加）影响的假设。我们发现，短暂的社会伤害经历会降低亲社会决策和对他人痛苦的情感同理心，而短暂的社会伤害经历有助于增强亲社会决策（实验1）。与不相关的陌生人相比，社会伤害对造成伤害的加害者的亲社会决策和主观/脑电图共情测量产生了更强的影响（实验2和3）。持续接受社会帮助的经历能够恢复因短暂接受社会伤害而受损的亲社会决策和共情（实验4）。这些发现表明亲社会行为与社会伤害/帮助之间存在相反的关系，并提示共情是一种潜在的中间心理机制。

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引用次数: 0

When weak imagery is worse than none: Core aphantasia and hypophantasia relate differently to mental health, mediated by subjective interoception 当弱意象比无意象差时：主观性内感受介导的核心幻像症和次幻像症与心理健康的关系不同。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2026.109368

Timo L. Kvamme , Merlin Monzel , Yoko Nagai , Juha Silvanto

Aphantasia, characterized by absent or reduced visual mental imagery, has been associated with alexithymia and negative mental health outcomes. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Visual imagery has been proposed as part of an inwardly focused cognitive style that also encompasses interoceptive processing and emotion regulation, suggesting these constructs may be functionally linked. Since mental health is closely tied to interoception, we examined whether interoceptive processing mediates the relationship between imagery ability and mental health. We assessed self-reported imagery vividness (VVIQ), subjective interoceptive accuracy and attention, alexithymia, anxiety, and depression in individuals with aphantasia (n = 153, VVIQ = 16–32) and typical imagers (n = 680, VVIQ = 33–80). Within the aphantasia group, we distinguished core aphantasia (VVIQ 16–23, n = 96) from hypophantasia (VVIQ 24–32, n = 57). The results revealed that individuals with weak imagery (hypophantasia) showed greater alexithymia and worse mental health than those with almost no imagery (core aphantasia), with higher VVIQ predicting poorer outcomes within the aphantasia range. The opposite pattern emerged in typical imagers, where higher VVIQ predicted lower alexithymia and better mental health. Structural equation modeling revealed that these relationships were mediated by alexithymia and the ratio of subjective interoceptive accuracy to attention, with lower ratios (indicating effortful but unsuccessful interoceptive processing) associated with worse outcomes. These findings highlight critical heterogeneity within aphantasia, demonstrating that hypophantasia and core aphantasia have distinct interoceptive and mental health profiles, with implications for understanding the mechanisms linking imagery, bodily awareness, and emotional well-being.

以视觉心理意象缺失或减少为特征的失视症与述情障碍和负面心理健康结果有关。然而，潜在的机制仍不清楚。视觉意象被认为是内聚焦认知风格的一部分，还包括内感受加工和情绪调节，这表明这些结构可能在功能上有联系。由于心理健康与内感受密切相关，我们研究了内感受加工是否介导了意象能力与心理健康之间的关系。我们评估了幻觉患者（n = 153, VVIQ = 16-32）和典型成象者（n = 680, VVIQ = 33-80）自我报告的图像生动度（VVIQ）、主观内感受准确性和注意力、述情障碍、焦虑和抑郁。在幻视组中，我们区分了核心幻视（VVIQ 16-23, n = 96）和次幻视（VVIQ 24-32, n = 57）。结果显示，与几乎没有想象（核心幻觉）的个体相比，具有弱想象（幻觉缺失）的个体表现出更大的述情障碍和更差的心理健康状况，较高的VVIQ预示着在幻觉范围内较差的结果。在典型的成像者中出现了相反的模式，更高的VVIQ预示着更低的述情障碍和更好的心理健康。结构方程模型显示，这些关系是由述情障碍和主观内感受准确性与注意的比率介导的，较低的比率（表明努力但不成功的内感受加工）与较差的结果相关。这些发现强调了幻像缺失的关键异质性，表明幻像缺失和核心幻像缺失具有不同的内感受性和心理健康特征，这对理解意象、身体意识和情绪健康之间的联系机制具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Neural signatures of word learning: How individual differences shape ERPs and oscillations in the early stages of learning a new language 单词学习的神经特征：个体差异如何在学习新语言的早期阶段塑造erp和振荡。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2026.109359

Megan Nakamura , Eleonora Rossi

A critical component of the language learning process is language control i.e., the management of lexical competition and interference from the existing language. However, how these mechanisms are engaged in early-stage learning remains unclear, particularly regarding individual differences in executive function––more specifically inhibitory control (IC) and working memory (WM)––and prior bilingual experience. This study employed a pre/post short-term longitudinal design, where participants completed 10 days of Dutch language learning. Using Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) and Time-Frequency Representations (TFRs), we examined neurophysiological signatures of novel word learning and the role of IC, WM, and bilingual experience. ERP results revealed N400 reductions at post-test, marking successful lexical integration. Greater Bilingual experience predicted greater N400 reductions for noncognates, suggesting more efficient integration for words with shared representations. In contrast, stronger IC was linked to smaller N400 reductions for noncognates, indicating greater cognitive effort in managing novel lexical competition. TFR analyses showed increased theta power for cognates, suggesting enhanced memory encoding, while noncognates elicited greater alpha suppression, suggesting heightened IC demands. However, individual differences did not significantly modulate these effects, as neither bilingual experience nor IC predicted alpha or theta power at post-test, suggesting that the oscillatory dynamics supporting lexical learning were driven by task demands rather than individual variability. Together, these findings indicate that bilingual experience may facilitate lexical integration, whereas IC may play a critical role in managing interference during word retrieval. The results support models of adaptive language control and highlight the dynamic interplay between linguistic experience, executive function, and lexical competition in word learning.

语言学习过程的一个重要组成部分是语言控制，即管理来自现有语言的词汇竞争和干扰。然而，这些机制如何参与早期学习尚不清楚，特别是关于执行功能的个体差异-更具体地说，抑制性控制（IC）和工作记忆(WM)-以及先前的双语经验。本研究采用短期前后纵向设计，参与者完成10天的荷兰语学习。利用事件相关电位（ERPs）和时频表征（TFRs），我们研究了新词学习的神经生理特征以及IC、WM和双语经验的作用。ERP结果显示N400在测试后减少，标志着成功的词汇整合。双语经验越丰富，非同源词的N400减少越多，这表明对具有共同表征的单词的整合更有效。相比之下，较强的IC与非同源词的N400减少较少有关，这表明在管理新词汇竞争方面有更大的认知努力。TFR分析显示，同源词的θ波功率增加，表明记忆编码增强，而非同源词引起更大的α抑制，表明IC需求增加。然而，个体差异并没有显著调节这些影响，因为双语经验和IC都不能预测后测时的α或θ功率，这表明支持词汇学习的振荡动力学是由任务需求驱动的，而不是个体变异。综上所述，这些发现表明双语经验可能促进词汇整合，而IC可能在管理单词检索过程中的干扰方面发挥关键作用。研究结果支持了适应性语言控制模型，并强调了词汇学习中语言经验、执行功能和词汇竞争之间的动态相互作用。

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引用次数: 0

A longitudinal study of error-related neural responses in adolescents following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) 青少年轻度颅脑损伤（mTBI）后错误相关神经反应的纵向研究。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2026.109358

Tanner J. Jensen , Alexandra M. Muir , Emma J. Gleave , Benjamin A. Christensen , Erin M. Corbin , Whitney Allen , Ann Clawson , Thomas J. Farrer , Tyshae Jaggi , Nathan Alder , Erin D. Bigler , Peter E. Clayson , Michael J. Larson

Error processing, a neural process critical for adaptive learning, may be disrupted by mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), also known as concussion. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of adults following mTBI indicate a variable impact on neural correlates of error processing, including the error related negativity (ERN) and post error positivity (Pe) scalp-recorded event-related potential (ERP) components. A similar study of adolescents indicated smaller ERN and Pe amplitudes in those with mTBI compared to healthy control participants. To date, no longitudinal studies measuring these components in adolescents with mTBI are available, limiting the understanding of the recovery of error processing over time following injury. Adolescents with mTBI and demographically-similar non-injured control participants (n = 36; n = 27) completed a flanker task while electroencephalogram (EEG) data were collected within three weeks of injury (subacute) and again approximately 10 months later (n = 29; n = 24). No significant differences were found between groups on response time at subacute (p = .52) or longitudinal (p = .31) stages or on accuracy at subacute (p = .81) or longitudinal (p = .96) stages. There was no significant effect of mTBI on ERN (p = .13) or Pe (p = .13) in the subacute stage. Although mTBI did have a significant influence on ERN (p = .049) and Pe (p = .029) amplitudes when collapsed across accuracy and time points, the group-by-accuracy interaction was not significant for either ERN or Pe (p = .21; p = .68). In this sample of adolescents with mTBI, ERN and Pe amplitudes did not differ from the control group either in the subacute stage or over time, suggesting that ERN and Pe amplitudes are not specifically vulnerable to mTBI.

错误处理是一种对适应性学习至关重要的神经过程，它可能因轻度创伤性脑损伤（mTBI）而中断。横断面和纵向研究表明，mTBI对错误处理的神经相关因素有不同的影响，包括错误相关负性（ERN）和错误后正性（Pe）头皮记录事件相关电位（ERP）成分。一项针对青少年的类似研究表明，与健康对照组相比，mTBI患者的ERN和Pe振幅较小。到目前为止，还没有纵向研究测量青少年mTBI患者的这些成分，这限制了对损伤后错误处理随时间恢复的理解。患有mTBI的青少年和人口统计学上相似的未受伤的对照组参与者（n = 36; n = 27）完成了侧卫任务，同时在受伤（亚急性）后三周内和大约10个月后再次收集脑电图（EEG）数据（n = 29; n = 24）。在亚急性期（p = 0.52）或纵向期（p = 0.31）的反应时间以及亚急性期（p = 0.81）或纵向期（p = 0.96）的准确性方面，两组间无显著差异。mTBI对亚急性期ERN （p = 0.13）和Pe （p = 0.13）无显著影响。虽然mTBI在准确性和时间点上对ERN （p = 0.049）和Pe （p = 0.029）振幅有显著影响，但对ERN或Pe而言，组与精度的相互作用均不显著（p = 0.21; p = 0.68）。在这个患有mTBI的青少年样本中，无论是在亚急性期还是随着时间的推移，ERN和Pe的振幅都与对照组没有差异，这表明ERN和Pe的振幅对mTBI并不是特别敏感。

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引用次数: 0

Does visual format matter in brand name recognition? ERP evidence challenging abstractionist models 视觉格式对品牌识别有影响吗？挑战抽象主义模型的ERP证据。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2026.109357

Melanie Labusch , Stéphanie Massol , Teresa Civera , Marta Vergara Martínez , Manuel Perea

Visual word recognition is resilient to changes in surface-level features (e.g., font, letter case, color, size). This resilience has led to the common assumption that lexical memory relies on abstract representations. However, recent behavioral studies suggest that this may not hold for brand names—a type of words usually encountered in highly consistent visual formats. The present experiment examined the electrophysiological signature of font and letter case deviations in brand names embedded in logotypes, focusing on how these modifications, relative to their original format, modulate the neural dynamics of lexico-semantic processing. To this end, we recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) while participants performed a semantic categorization task on brand names (“Is the brand related to transportation?”) presented in their original format or with a modified font or case. Letter case modifications reduced P200 amplitudes, reflecting early perceptual costs. Critically, both font and case manipulations also modulated the P300 and N400 amplitudes. These findings challenge strong abstractionist models in which visual format is fully normalized before lexical access and instead favor a hybrid account in which format-specific information is retained for familiar brand names and continues to influence lexico-semantic processing.

视觉词识别对表面特征（如字体、字母、颜色、大小）的变化具有弹性。这种弹性导致了词汇记忆依赖于抽象表征的普遍假设。然而，最近的行为研究表明，这可能不适用于品牌名称——一种通常在高度一致的视觉格式中遇到的单词。本实验研究了商标中嵌入的字体和字母大小写偏差的电生理特征，重点研究了这些偏差相对于其原始格式如何调节词汇语义加工的神经动力学。为此，我们记录了事件相关电位（erp），同时参与者执行品牌名称的语义分类任务（“品牌与运输有关吗？”）以原始格式或修改过的字体或大小写呈现的。字母大小写的改变降低了P200振幅，反映了早期的感知成本。关键的是，字体和大小写操作也调节了P300和N400的振幅。这些发现挑战了强大的抽象主义模型，在这些模型中，视觉格式在词汇访问之前是完全规范化的，相反，他们倾向于一种混合的描述，在这种描述中，特定格式的信息被保留在熟悉的品牌名称中，并继续影响词汇语义处理。

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引用次数: 0

Aesthetic judgement and appreciation in agenesis of the corpus callosum 胼胝体发育过程中的审美判断与鉴赏。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2026.109356

Nathan M. LeFebre , Kutter D. Callaway , Kaitlyn A. Bennett , Lynn K. Paul , Warren S. Brown

The corpus callosum has been associated with some of the most complex processes of cognition, including creativity and imagination. Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is a congenital disorder, affecting approximately 1:4000 persons, in which the corpus callosum fails to develop. Even when FSIQ is in the average range, ACC results in a characteristic neuropsychological syndrome of reduced interhemispheric transfer of sensory-motor information, reduced cognitive processing speed, difficulties in complex reasoning and novel problem-solving, and reduced elaborative imagination and creative capacity. To further investigate the role of the corpus callosum in elaborative imagination, the present study compared aesthetic judgments from 22 adults with ACC (FSIQ >80) and 49 online comparison participants, as measured on the Assessment of Art Attributes (AAA). Participants viewed 24 paintings from the AAA, rating them on six sensory-perceptual attributes and eight higher-order conceptual attributes of visual art. All participants also completed measures of artistic experience and colorblindness. Compared to the control group, persons with ACC produced divergent rank orders for 13 of the 14 AAA attributes, but group mean differences were only observed across higher-level, conceptual attributes of art. These findings are broadly consistent with a previously reported pattern of greater impairment in judgments of conceptual aesthetics than sensory-perceptual features among populations with neuropsychological deficits, while revealing a more generalized qualitative difference in how people with ACC judge aesthetic attributes in works of art and lending further support for the role of the corpus callosum in imagination, creativity, and aesthetic appreciation.

胼胝体与一些最复杂的认知过程有关，包括创造力和想象力。胼胝体发育不全（ACC）是一种先天性疾病，发病率约为1:4000，患者的胼胝体发育不全。即使FSIQ在平均范围内，ACC也会导致一种特征性的神经心理综合征，即感觉-运动信息的半球间转移减少，认知处理速度下降，复杂推理和解决新问题困难，精细想象和创造能力下降。为了进一步研究胼胝体在精细想象中的作用，本研究比较了22名ACC成人（FSIQ bbbb80）和49名在线比较参与者的审美判断，以评估艺术属性（AAA）。参与者观看了24幅AAA级的画作，根据视觉艺术的6个感官知觉属性和8个高阶概念属性对它们进行评级。所有参与者还完成了艺术体验和色盲的测试。与对照组相比，ACC患者对14个AAA属性中的13个产生了不同的排名顺序，但组平均差异仅在更高水平的艺术概念属性上观察到。这些发现与先前报道的一种模式大致一致，即在神经心理缺陷人群中，概念美学的判断比感觉-知觉特征的判断更严重，同时揭示了ACC患者在艺术作品中如何判断审美属性的更普遍的定性差异，并进一步支持了胼胝体在想象、创造力和审美欣赏中的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Negative emotion differentiation shapes attentional allocation during emotional processing: evidence from ERP components 负性情绪分化影响情绪加工过程中的注意分配：来自ERP成分的证据。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2026.109355

Yuhan Lin , Fanping Wang , Xun Yan , Chao Wang

Negative emotion differentiation (NED) refers to an individual's ability to distinguish between different negative emotions. Low NED means that individuals have difficulty accurately distinguishing between negative emotions, making them more susceptible to these emotions, which can affect attentional processing. Using a visual search task combined with electroencephalography, we examined how participants with low versus high NED allocate attention to emotional stimuli across distinct processing stages. Behaviorally, high-NED individuals showed greater accuracy under the negative emotional condition than low-NED individuals. Moreover, they exhibited enhanced amplitudes of P2 and LPP to negative stimuli, whereas no group differences were observed for the early N1 component. These findings suggest that high-NED showed more efficient processing of emotional information compared to low-NED individuals, an advantage largely supported by increased attentional resource allocation and top-down processing of emotional stimuli, as reflected in ERP markers. Together, these findings provide converging behavioral and neurophysiological evidence that high NED individuals exhibit greater efficiency in emotional recognition and regulation. This study further highlights NED as a potentially modifiable target for improving emotional functioning and psychological well-being.

负性情绪区分（NED）是指个体区分不同负性情绪的能力。低NED意味着个体难以准确区分消极情绪，使他们更容易受到这些情绪的影响，这可能会影响注意力处理。通过结合脑电图的视觉搜索任务，我们研究了低NED和高NED的参与者如何在不同的加工阶段将注意力分配到情绪刺激上。行为上，高ned个体比低ned个体在负性情绪条件下表现出更高的准确性。此外，它们在负刺激下表现出P2和LPP的振幅增强，而在早期N1成分上没有观察到组间差异。这些发现表明，与低ned个体相比，高ned个体表现出更有效的情绪信息处理，这一优势在很大程度上是由ERP标记所反映的注意力资源分配和自上而下的情绪刺激处理的增加所支持的。总之，这些发现提供了行为和神经生理学的证据，表明高NED个体在情绪识别和调节方面表现出更高的效率。这项研究进一步强调了NED作为改善情绪功能和心理健康的潜在可修改目标。

{"title":"Negative emotion differentiation shapes attentional allocation during emotional processing: evidence from ERP components","authors":"Yuhan Lin , Fanping Wang , Xun Yan , Chao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2026.109355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2026.109355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Negative emotion differentiation (NED) refers to an individual's ability to distinguish between different negative emotions. Low NED means that individuals have difficulty accurately distinguishing between negative emotions, making them more susceptible to these emotions, which can affect attentional processing. Using a visual search task combined with electroencephalography, we examined how participants with low versus high NED allocate attention to emotional stimuli across distinct processing stages. Behaviorally, high-NED individuals showed greater accuracy under the negative emotional condition than low-NED individuals. Moreover, they exhibited enhanced amplitudes of P2 and LPP to negative stimuli, whereas no group differences were observed for the early N1 component. These findings suggest that high-NED showed more efficient processing of emotional information compared to low-NED individuals, an advantage largely supported by increased attentional resource allocation and top-down processing of emotional stimuli, as reflected in ERP markers. Together, these findings provide converging behavioral and neurophysiological evidence that high NED individuals exhibit greater efficiency in emotional recognition and regulation. This study further highlights NED as a potentially modifiable target for improving emotional functioning and psychological well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109355"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145906364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial updating in amnesia using an eye movement analogue of a path integration task 利用眼动模拟路径整合任务在健忘症中的空间更新

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109354

Anisha Khosla , R. Shayna Rosenbaum , Morris Moscovitch , Jennifer D. Ryan

Path integration (PI) allows organisms to navigate home by updating their location in reference to the route's starting point. We previously demonstrated a PI-like process in eye movements using an eyetracking version of commonly used PI tasks. As the hippocampus/medial temporal lobes (MTL) have been implicated in updating self-position via whole-body PI, we investigated whether the hippocampus/MTL is necessary for the spatial updating of gaze position. Using our eyetracking PI-analog task, we tested two individuals with hippocampal lesions, DA and BL; BL's hippocampal damage is relatively circumscribed to his dentate gyrus, but he has additional volume loss in the right precuneus and left superior-posterior parietal cortex. Participants followed routes with their eyes guided by visual onsets and, when subsequently cued, returned to the starting point or mid-route location. Surprisingly, despite DA's extensive MTL damage, his accuracy was comparable to that of control participants, but unlike the control participants, he showed increased saccade latency and little to no gaze revisits to enroute locations when returning to the start location. BL's accuracy was reduced relative to that of the control participants. Additionally, in contrast to DA, BL demonstrated an increased reliance on overt, enroute revisits. The behavior of the two amnesic cases, who each differ from the control participants and show distinct patterns from one another, suggests that spatial updating of gaze position reflects interactive processes supported by the hippocampus/MTL and posterior parietal cortex.

路径整合（PI）允许生物通过参考路线的起点更新它们的位置来导航回家。我们之前使用常用PI任务的眼动追踪版本演示了眼球运动中类似PI的过程。由于海马/内侧颞叶（MTL）参与通过全身PI更新自我位置，我们研究了海马/内侧颞叶在凝视位置的空间更新中是否必要。通过眼动pi模拟任务，我们测试了两名海马病变患者，DA和BL；BL的海马损伤相对局限于他的齿状回，但他在右侧楔前叶和左侧上后顶叶皮层有额外的体积损失。参与者在视觉的引导下沿着路线走，然后在随后的提示下，返回到起点或路线中间的位置。令人惊讶的是，尽管DA的MTL大面积受损，但他的准确性与对照组相当，但与对照组不同的是，他在返回起始位置时表现出增加的扫视延迟，并且很少或根本没有注视路线位置。与对照组相比，BL的准确性降低了。此外，与DA相比，BL表现出更多的依赖于公开的、途中的重访。两名失忆症患者的行为不同于对照组，表现出不同的模式，这表明凝视位置的空间更新反映了海马/MTL和后顶叶皮层支持的互动过程。

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引用次数: 0