Neuropsychologia最新文献_第6页

Development of visual motion perception from infancy to early childhood in full-term and premature children: A longitudinal high-density EEG study 足月和早产儿从婴儿期到幼儿期视觉运动知觉的发展：一项纵向高密度脑电图研究

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 Epub Date: 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109328

Jin Wang, Belde Mutaf-Yildiz, F.R. (Ruud) van der Weel, Audrey L.H. van der Meer

Accurate perception of visual motion is crucial for daily activities and develops rapidly from infancy to childhood. High-density electroencephalogram (EEG) was utilized longitudinally to study brain responses to structured optic flow and random visual motion in 10 full-term and 10 preterm children at 4 months, 12 months, and 6 years. Visual evoked potential (VEP) analysis showed improved sensitivity to structured optic flow in full-term infants by the end of the first year, indicating effective use of structured information, whereas preterm children showed delayed sensitivity and difficulty distinguishing between different forms of optic flow until early childhood. Temporal spectral evolution (TSE) analysis revealed desynchronizations predominantly in the theta band at 4 months, transitioning to the theta–alpha band at 12 months, and extending into the alpha–beta band at 6 years. Synchronizations were observed in older full-term infants and in 6-year-olds at higher frequencies, more so in full-term children. Coherence connectivity analysis demonstrated more widespread functional connectivity within occipital and parietal areas in full-term participants compared to their preterm peers when processing visual motion. Overall, full-term children showed vast progress from infancy, approaching an adult-like pattern for perceiving visual motion by early childhood. In contrast, preterm children experienced neurodevelopmental delays that persisted into school age, likely linked to dorsal visual stream vulnerabilities.

视觉运动的准确感知对日常活动至关重要，从婴儿期到儿童期发展迅速。采用高密度脑电图（EEG）纵向研究了10例足月儿和10例早产儿在4个月、12个月和6岁时对结构化光流和随机视觉运动的脑反应。视觉诱发电位（VEP）分析显示，足月婴儿在一岁结束时对结构化光流的敏感性有所提高，表明结构化信息的有效利用，而早产儿直到幼儿时期才表现出延迟的敏感性和区分不同形式的光流的困难。时间谱演化（TSE）分析显示，在4个月时，非同步主要发生在θ波段，在12个月时过渡到θ - α波段，在6年时扩展到α - β波段。同步现象在较大的足月婴儿和6岁儿童中观察到的频率更高，在足月儿童中更常见。连贯性连通性分析表明，与早产儿相比，足月参与者在处理视觉运动时枕部和顶叶区域的功能连通性更广泛。总的来说，足月儿童从婴儿期开始表现出巨大的进步，在儿童早期就接近成人的视觉运动感知模式。相比之下，早产儿的神经发育迟缓一直持续到上学年龄，这可能与背侧视觉流的脆弱性有关。

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引用次数: 0

Children's automatic processing of adult face aggression cues 儿童对成人面部攻击线索的自动加工。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 Epub Date: 2025-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109330

Enguang Chen , Xinyue Zhang , Yuan Sang , Liqi Zhu , Hailing Wang , Wenxin Zhang

The detection of threatening information conveyed by faces is crucial for human survival and development, especially for children. Previous research has shown that adults perceive male faces with a high facial width-to-height ratio (fWHR) as more aggressive and process this information automatically. However, it is unclear whether children possess similarly. In this study, two experiments were conducted with children (9.61 ± .67 years) to explore their ability to perceive aggression based on fWHR and whether they automatically process this information. In Experiment 1, children were asked to rate the perceived level of aggression in adult faces with high and low fWHR. It was found that high fWHR faces were perceived as more aggressive than low fWHR. In Experiment 2, visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) was used as an indicator to explore automatic processing further in an oddball paradigm. Children were asked to detect fixation size while being presented with adult faces with high or low fWHR in the background. It was observed that high fWHR faces induced vMMN in the 270–330 ms time range, while low fWHR faces did not, suggesting that children are able to automatically process high fWHR faces but not low fWHR. These results suggest that children can detect aggression cues through fWHR and automatically process high fWHR faces.

识别人脸传递的威胁信息对人类的生存和发展至关重要，尤其是对儿童而言。先前的研究表明，成年人认为面部宽高比（fWHR）高的男性面孔更具攻击性，并自动处理这一信息。然而，目前尚不清楚儿童是否也有类似的症状。本研究共对儿童进行了两项实验(9.61±。67年)来探索他们基于fWHR感知攻击的能力，以及他们是否会自动处理这些信息。在实验1中，孩子们被要求对高和低高腰宽比的成人面孔的攻击性感知水平进行评分。研究发现，高脸宽比的脸比低脸宽比的脸更具有攻击性。实验2以视觉错配负性（vMMN）为指标进一步探讨了古怪范式下的自动加工。儿童被要求在面对高或低fWHR的成人面孔时检测注视大小。结果表明，在270 ~ 330 ms时间范围内，高高宽比的面孔会诱发vMMN，而低高宽比的面孔则不会，这说明儿童能够自动处理高高宽比的面孔，而不能自动处理低高宽比的面孔。这些结果表明，儿童可以通过脸高比识别攻击线索，并自动处理高脸高比面孔。

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引用次数: 0

Functional hemispheric segregation of sensory-motor laterality 感觉-运动偏侧的功能性半球分离。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 Epub Date: 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109327

Alexandre Jehan Marcori , Victor Hugo Alves Okazaki , Sebastian Ocklenburg

Background

Functional laterality manifests across motor and sensory domains, yet analysis of their combined organization within individuals remains underexplored. Gerrits’ 2024 (doi: 10.1007/s11065-022-09575-y) segregation bias model provides theoretical support that allows testing specific predictions for the lateralization of brain functions and their phenotype distributions in the population. We applied this approach to investigate sensory-motor laterality on the behavioral level (handedness, footedness, and eyedness) using a large sample (n = 900; 11–70 years).

Methods

Participants completed the Global Lateral Preference Inventory, and laterality indices were computed to categorize individuals into typical functional segregation (all preferences to the same side) or deviation patterns (either 1 or 2 deviations from the handedness side). We compared the observed distribution with Gerrits’ (2024) predictions and analyzed associations with handedness, sex, and age.

Results

Our findings partially supported the segregation bias model, as non-right-handers exhibited more atypical segregation patterns, confirming one of the model's primary predictions. However, exact percentages differed, likely due to methodological differences between behavioral inventories and neuroimaging, and differences in the lateralized functions being assessed. Contrary to expectations, no sex differences in segregation patterns emerged, suggesting the organizational principles for segregation bias in sensory-motor laterality may override sex-linked variability. Age effects were observed, with young adults displaying higher deviation rates, potentially reflecting continued neural and motor refinement during early adulthood.

Conclusions

These findings extend the segregation model framework to sensory-motor domains, highlighting its potential for neurodevelopmental, clinical, and research contexts, further emphasizing the importance of multidimensional assessments of laterality beyond handedness alone.

背景：功能侧性表现在运动和感觉领域，但对其在个体中的联合组织的分析仍未得到充分探讨。Gerrits的2024 （doi: 10.1007/s11065-022-09575-y）分离偏差模型提供了理论支持，允许测试大脑功能的偏侧化及其在人群中的表型分布的具体预测。我们使用大样本（n = 900； 11-70岁）应用这种方法在行为水平（手性、脚性和视力）上调查感觉-运动偏侧性。方法：参与者完成了全球横向偏好量表，并计算了横向指数，将个体分类为典型的功能隔离（所有偏好都偏向同一侧）或偏差模式（与惯用手侧偏差1或2）。我们将观察到的分布与Gerrits（2024）的预测进行了比较，并分析了与利手性、性别和年龄的关系。结果：我们的研究结果部分支持了隔离偏差模型，因为非右撇子表现出更多的非典型隔离模式，证实了模型的主要预测之一。然而，确切的百分比不同，可能是由于行为量表和神经影像学之间的方法差异，以及被评估的侧化功能的差异。与预期相反，分离模式没有出现性别差异，这表明感觉-运动偏侧中分离偏向的组织原则可能优于性别相关的变异性。观察到年龄的影响，年轻人表现出更高的偏差率，可能反映了成年早期持续的神经和运动改进。结论：这些发现将分离模型框架扩展到感觉-运动领域，突出了其在神经发育、临床和研究背景中的潜力，进一步强调了除单手性外对偏侧性进行多维评估的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of online prefrontal transcranial alternating current stimulation in the alpha and theta frequency bands on latent-variable measures of executive functions 经颅α和θ频段在线前额叶交流电流刺激对执行功能潜变测量的影响。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 Epub Date: 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109318

Sofia El Mouderrib , Laurence Dumont , Audrey Murray , Manon Desforges , Evelyne Wassef , Amélie Cloutier , Clarice Huard , Cassandra Lévesque , Dave Saint-Amour , Hugo Théoret

Executive functions (EFs) are high-level cognitive processes essential for adaptive, goal-directed behavior. They are supported by oscillatory neural activity, particularly in the alpha and theta frequency bands, across local and distributed brain networks involving prefrontal regions. Previous studies have used transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) to modulate such activity and have reported significant performance improvement on EF tasks. However, most relied on single-task scores as outcome measures, which may reflect not only domain-general executive functioning but also task-specific or lower-level processes. This double-blind sham-controlled within-subject study examined the effects of online prefrontal tACS at alpha (10 Hz) and theta (6 Hz) frequencies on EF performance, measured via latent-variable scores that capture shared variance across multiple EF tasks, in healthy individuals (n = 24). Outcome measures were derived using the NIH EXAMINER battery, yielding latent scores for four EF components (common EF, cognitive control, working memory, and fluency) as well as task scores. Linear mixed models revealed significantly higher common EF and cognitive control scores during alpha-tACS, with large effect sizes, and smaller, more limited stimulation effects on task scores. Exploratory analyses suggested biological sex-specific response to stimulation, with alpha-tACS effects observed primarily in females. These findings support a causal role for prefrontal alpha-band oscillations in EFs and underscore the value of latent-variable measures of executive functioning in neuromodulation research.

执行功能（EFs）是一种高层次的认知过程，对适应性、目标导向行为至关重要。它们是由震荡的神经活动支持的，特别是在α和θ频段，在涉及前额叶区域的局部和分布式大脑网络中。先前的研究使用经颅交流电刺激（tACS）来调节这种活动，并报道了EF任务的显著改善。然而，大多数研究依赖于单一任务得分作为结果衡量标准，这可能不仅反映了领域一般执行功能，还反映了特定任务或较低层次的过程。这项双盲假对照的受试者内研究考察了阿尔法（10赫兹）和θ（6赫兹）频率的在线前额叶tac对EF表现的影响，通过捕捉多个EF任务的共同方差的潜在变量得分来测量（n = 24）。结果测量使用NIH EXAMINER电池导出，产生四个EF成分的潜在分数（普通EF，认知控制，工作记忆和流畅性）以及任务分数。线性混合模型显示，在α - tacs期间，常见EF和认知控制得分显著提高，效应量大，刺激对任务得分的影响较小，更有限。探索性分析表明，对刺激的生理性别特异性反应，主要在女性中观察到α - tacs效应。这些发现支持了脑电图中前额叶α波段振荡的因果作用，并强调了执行功能的潜在变量测量在神经调节研究中的价值。

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引用次数: 0

Metacognition in Aphantasia: Taking the “conscious” view seriously 幻觉中的元认知：认真对待“意识”观点。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 Epub Date: 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109331

Lu Teng

Whereas aphantasics report lacking voluntary conscious visual imagery, empirical findings indicate that they employ visual strategies to complete tasks. The discrepancy has led some researchers to propose that aphantasics rely on unconscious visual imagery. This paper instead motivates and defends a “conscious” view. Consciousness research uses both visibility and confidence measures. Participants in aphantasia studies are recruited based on their scores on the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ), which closely resembles a visibility measure. To assess whether aphantasics’ task-relevant visual imagery is truly unconscious, we should also investigate their confidence in their first-order task performance. The few studies that have explored this suggest that they exhibit good metacognition. These findings therefore support the conscious interpretation.

尽管失眠症患者缺乏自觉的视觉意象，但实证研究结果表明，他们采用视觉策略来完成任务。这种差异导致一些研究人员提出，幻觉依赖于无意识的视觉意象。相反，本文激发并捍卫了一种“有意识”的观点。意识研究同时使用可见性和信心度量。幻影症研究的参与者是根据他们在视觉意象生动度问卷（VVIQ）上的得分来招募的，这与可见性测量非常相似。为了评估失忆症患者与任务相关的视觉意象是否真的是无意识的，我们还应该调查他们对一阶任务表现的信心。对此进行的少数研究表明，他们表现出良好的元认知能力。因此，这些发现支持有意识的解释。

引用次数: 0

Minding mortality: A systematic review of the neural processing of death-related stimuli 注意死亡：对死亡相关刺激的神经处理的系统回顾。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 Epub Date: 2025-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109308

Anna Bengtson , Ida Nordin , Joel Parthemore , Antti Revonsuo

The human relationship with mortality has been widely studied in psychology, with extensive studies suggesting that death-related stimuli impact behavior even without reflective awareness. In recent decades, neuroimaging studies have yielded various contenders for brain regions underlying the online processing of death-related stimuli. To the best of our knowledge, we present here the first systematic review of these findings. We conducted a comprehensive search for studies where participants were presented with death-related and death-unrelated but negatively valenced (unpleasant) stimuli while undergoing functional brain imaging. We found seven functional magnetic resonance imaging studies with a total of 204 participants. Five of six within-group studies found that unpleasant stimuli consistently elicited increased insular activity, but only when it was unrelated to mortality. This novel finding—that insular deactivation alone marks the processing of death-related stimuli—suggests a critical difference between the neural processing of death-related and non-death related, unpleasant stimuli. We argue that preexisting explanatory frameworks fail to unite our results with findings on threat processing mechanisms in the insula or lack evolutionary plausibility. We present an alternative explanation: death might be unique in that it evades the insula's typical threat-assessment mechanisms.

Further research is needed to determine whether this neural signature is robust and what its function and consequences may be. A better understanding of how individuals process death-related information promises deeper insight into the human relationship with mortality, with significant implications for individuals and society, not least for mental health interventions and end-of-life care.

人类与死亡的关系在心理学上得到了广泛的研究，大量的研究表明，与死亡相关的刺激即使在没有反思意识的情况下也会影响行为。近几十年来，神经成像研究已经为在线处理死亡相关刺激的大脑区域提供了各种竞争者。据我们所知，我们在此首次对这些发现进行系统回顾。我们进行了一项全面的研究，在这些研究中，参与者在接受功能性脑成像的同时接受与死亡相关和与死亡无关但负效（不愉快）的刺激。我们找到了7个功能性磁共振成像研究，共204名参与者。六项组内研究中有五项发现，不愉快的刺激始终会引起岛岛活动的增加，但只有在与死亡率无关的情况下才会如此。这一新颖的发现——仅岛叶失活就标志着对死亡相关刺激的处理——表明了神经处理与死亡相关和非死亡相关的不愉快刺激之间的关键差异。我们认为，先前存在的解释框架未能将我们的结果与脑岛威胁处理机制的发现结合起来，或者缺乏进化的合理性。我们提出了另一种解释：死亡可能是独特的，因为它避开了脑岛典型的威胁评估机制。需要进一步的研究来确定这种神经特征是否稳健，以及它的功能和后果可能是什么。更好地了解个人如何处理与死亡有关的信息，有望更深入地了解人类与死亡的关系，这对个人和社会，尤其是对心理健康干预和临终关怀具有重大意义。

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引用次数: 0

Emotion enhances metamemory judgments: An event-related potential comparison of judgments of learning and judgments of source 情绪增强元记忆判断：学习判断与来源判断的事件相关电位比较。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 Epub Date: 2025-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109312

Xiaojun Sun , Yingjie Jiang

In episodic memory, emotional items often can be remembered better than neutral ones, whereas this emotional salience effect is not observed in source memory (neutral extrinsic or contextual details). However, it remains unclear whether this dissociation is evident in subjective metamemory judgments—specifically judgments of learning (JOLs) and judgments of sources (JOSs). To reveal the effects of emotions on these two types of metamemory judgments and their neural mechanisms, we used different emotion (negative, positive, and neutral) pictures with neutral contextual details. Results revealed that both JOLs and JOSs showed emotional salience effects, supporting the universal role of emotion as a metamemory cue. Event-related potential (ERP) results revealed shared neural mechanisms underlying both judgment types: early automatic processing (evidenced by enhanced P200 and reduced N400) and late controlled processing (late positive components). Crucially, the neural activity within this shared subjective pathway was functionally dissociated from the encoding processes diagnostic of subsequent memory success. Both judgment types exhibited right-hemisphere lateralization for high versus low metamemory ratings. Nevertheless, JOLs elicited more widespread and sustained neural activity patterns than JOSs in both emotion-neutral contrasts and high-low rating differences. These findings support the Dual-basis theory of metamemory (experience-belief interaction) and suggest that item and source metamemory judgments rely on partially distinct neural mechanisms. This provides neurophysiological insights for optimizing metacognitive training strategies.

在情景记忆中，情绪项目通常比中性项目更容易被记住，而这种情绪显著效应在源记忆（中性的外在细节或情境细节）中没有观察到。然而，目前尚不清楚这种分离在主观元记忆判断中是否明显，特别是学习判断（JOLs）和来源判断（JOSs）。为了揭示情绪对这两种元记忆判断的影响及其神经机制，我们使用了具有中性背景细节的不同情绪图片（消极、积极和中性）。结果显示，jol和jos均表现出情绪显著效应，证实了情绪作为元记忆线索的普遍作用。事件相关电位（ERP）结果揭示了两种判断类型的共同神经机制：早期自动加工（以P200增强和N400降低为证据）和晚期控制加工（晚期积极成分）。至关重要的是，这一共同主观路径中的神经活动在功能上与诊断后续记忆成功的编码过程分离。两种判断类型在高记忆评分和低记忆评分时都表现出右半球偏侧化。然而，在情绪中性对比和高低评分差异中，JOLs比jos引发了更广泛和持续的神经活动模式。这些发现支持了元记忆的双重基础理论（经验-信念相互作用），并表明项目元记忆判断和源元记忆判断依赖于部分不同的神经机制。这为优化元认知训练策略提供了神经生理学的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Neural reinstatement and sequential reactivation of navigational episodic memory and its age-related decline 导航情景记忆的神经恢复和顺序再激活及其与年龄相关的衰退。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109319

Jeonghyun Lee , Sang-Eon Park , Sang Ah Lee

When we retrieve memories of past navigational episodes, our brain reactivates cortical representations of the spatial information experienced along the way. Although navigation is temporally dynamic in nature, previous studies on cortical memory reactivation have mostly focused on single items or their associated contexts. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether sequential reactivation of navigational events can be measured from cortical electrophysiological activity and is influenced by factors such as age or the availability of spatial cues. Participants were passively navigated through virtual environments and then asked to remember the routes or destinations that they traveled to. Each navigational episodes contained an average of five turns and varied in the presence or absence of landmarks. Given the decline in navigational abilities in aging, we separately tested younger (ages 22–32) and middle-aged participants (ages 41–63) to identify age-related differences in cortical memory reactivation. Comparing EEG spectral patterns between navigational encoding and retrieval, we found that sequential reactivation of turn events was associated with successful spatial memory in younger adults. This sequential reactivation was correlated with the reinstatement of neural activity during distal landmark-viewing and was primarily driven by theta and alpha oscillations. Although middle-aged adults showed a decrease in sequential reactivation overall, those with preserved landmark reinstatement and sequential reactivation patterns exhibited better spatial memory. These results may have implications not only for our understanding of the electrophysiological correlates of navigation and its age-related changes but also for the broader importance of cortical reactivation in episodic memory retrieval.

当我们检索过去导航事件的记忆时，我们的大脑会重新激活沿途经历的空间信息的皮层表征。虽然导航在本质上是时间动态的，但以前关于皮层记忆再激活的研究大多集中在单个项目或相关背景上。为了研究导航事件的顺序重新激活是否可以从皮层电生理活动中测量出来，并取决于环境地标等空间线索的可用性，我们设计了一个任务，在这个任务中，参与者被动地在虚拟环境中导航，然后被要求记住他们去过的路线或目的地。导航集平均由5个转弯组成，并且在地标的可用性方面有所不同。考虑到导航能力随着年龄的增长而下降，我们分别测试了年轻（22-32岁）和中年（41-63岁）的参与者，以确定记忆检索过程中与年龄相关的差异。通过比较导航编码和检索的脑电图频谱模式，我们发现在年轻人中，转弯事件的顺序再激活与成功的空间记忆有关。这种连续的再激活与远端地标观察期间神经活动的恢复有关，并由θ和α振荡显著驱动。虽然中年人的顺序再激活总体上减弱了，但保留了地标恢复和顺序再激活模式的中年人表现出更好的空间记忆。这些结果可能对我们对情景记忆检索的理解有启发意义。

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引用次数: 0

Visual agnosia in the era of behavioral and neural investigations 行为与神经研究时代的视觉失认症。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 Epub Date: 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109299

Marlene Behrmann

Single case studies have long been used to provide insights into the mechanisms underlying normal cognition, including in the domains of memory, language and visuoperceptual function, and standardized testing has been a steadfast companion in such investigations. Experimental approaches designed to address specific hypotheses have also been conducted and analytic methods have been developed for the comparison of single subject data to a control group. However, a seismic shift has occurred in the last decade or two in which neuroimaging, primarily magnetic resonance imaging, has been added to the experimental toolbox. The question addressed in this article is whether, with these newer methodologies offering novel and previously unattainable evidence, single case studies have become obsolete. Here, in a single patient with integrative visual agnosia, tested repeatedly over three decades, behavioral, neuroimaging and joint behavioral-neuroimaging studies are described and their yield evaluated. Behavioral investigations have served to characterize the perceptual deficit well, and structural and functional neuroimaging data have furthered our understanding of the distributed circuit engaged in object recognition. However, imaging studies executed in concert with a behavioral task have offered more direct causal evidence, providing a more complete understanding of brain-behavior correspondences that goes beyond the sum of the parts. The conclusion reached is that the contribution of causal evidence from single cases remains a powerful methodology in advancing our knowledge of the neural basis of cognition.

长期以来，单一案例研究一直被用来提供对正常认知机制的见解，包括在记忆、语言和视觉功能领域，标准化测试一直是此类调查的坚定伴侣。还进行了旨在解决特定假设的实验方法，并开发了用于将单个受试者数据与对照组进行比较的分析方法。然而，在过去的十年或二十年里，神经成像，主要是磁共振成像，已经被添加到实验工具箱中，发生了翻天覆地的变化。本文讨论的问题是，随着这些新方法提供新颖且以前无法获得的证据，单一案例研究是否已经过时。在此，对一名综合性视觉失认症患者进行了30多年的反复测试，描述了行为、神经成像和联合行为-神经成像研究，并对其结果进行了评估。行为研究已经很好地描述了感知缺陷，结构和功能神经成像数据进一步加深了我们对参与物体识别的分布式电路的理解。然而，与行为任务一起执行的成像研究提供了更直接的因果证据，提供了对大脑-行为对应关系的更完整的理解，而不仅仅是部分的总和。得出的结论是，来自单个案例的因果证据的贡献仍然是一个强大的方法，在推进我们的认知的神经基础的知识。

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引用次数: 0

MST in the wild: Optimizing the mnemonic similarity task for use in diverse environments MST在野外：优化在不同环境下使用的助记相似性任务。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 Epub Date: 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109341

Lilian Azer , Casey R. Vanderlip , Lizabeth L. Mayer , Luke Ehlert , David Sultzer , Hye-Won Shin , Craig E.L. Stark

Background

Clear guidelines and tools for reliable measures of cognitive decline have yet to be established. This may be due to the absence of access to fully automated, self-administered, and scored cognitive screening tools.

Methods

We used the optimized Mnemonic Similarity Task (oMST; Stark et al., 2023), a web computer-based self-administered tool adapted from the MST. The oMST is designed for cognitive screening and population enrichment, offering a superior alternative to traditional neuropsychological tests. We tested the oMST’s reliability, validity, and accessibility across five experiments with 1685 participants.

Results

Lure discrimination was highly correlated between in-person and remote administration. These results were consistent across various testing sites, demonstrating the oMST’s robustness. Importantly, visual acuity did not impact performance.

Conclusions

Our findings establish the oMST as a reliable and accessible tool for cognitive screening across diverse testing environments and administration methods, addressing critical gaps in early screening for cognitive decline.

背景：目前还没有明确的指南和工具来可靠地测量认知能力下降。这可能是由于缺乏完全自动化、自我管理和评分的认知筛查工具。方法：我们使用了优化的助记相似性任务（oMST; Stark et al., 2023），这是一种基于网络计算机的自我管理工具，改编自MST。oMST是为认知筛选和人群丰富而设计的，提供了传统神经心理学测试的优越替代方案。我们通过5个实验测试了oMST的信度、效度和可及性，共有1685名参与者。结果：现场给药与远程给药之间存在高度相关。这些结果在不同的测试地点是一致的，证明了oMST的稳健性。重要的是，视力不影响表现。结论：我们的研究结果表明，oMST是一种可靠的、可获得的工具，可以在不同的测试环境和管理方法中进行认知筛查，解决了认知衰退早期筛查的关键空白。

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引用次数: 0