Neuropsychologia最新文献_第5页

Bayesian cue combination best predicts straight-line distance estimation with translated visual landmarks 贝叶斯线索组合最好地预测直线距离估计与翻译的视觉标志。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109351

Abhilasha Vishwanath , Matthew F. Watson , Melanie K. Gin , Donnette C. Markham , Yinqi Huang , Yu K. Du , Arne Ekstrom , Robert C. Wilson

Navigation requires the ability to update and track one's location and course from available multisensory information. Multisensory input comes in two prominent forms: body-based idiothetic cues and visual allothetic cues, usually from visual landmarks. Yet, how these two streams of information are integrated remains unresolved. In this study, we used a highly controlled straight-line distance estimation task in immersive virtual reality to investigate how idiothetic and allothetic spatial cues are integrated. In our experiment, participants reproduced a walked distance in the dark (path integration), with some trials involving misleading visual feedback showing a translated virtual room with an offset of up to 1.5 m from the true distance. We used computational modeling to determine the effect of visual feedback offset on the distance participants walked. We modelled participants' performance on the task with three distinct models involving path integration, landmark navigation, and integrating landmark feedback based on the uncertainty of the participant. The model results showed that the behavior of most participants (n = 24) was best predicted by a Bayesian cue combination model that involved averaging the two spatial cues according to their perceived level of uncertainty. Our data showed considerable individual differences in the uncertainty estimates of participants, which spanned almost uniformly from pure path integration (ignoring the visual cue) to pure landmark navigation (ignoring path integration estimate). Taken together these findings provide evidence in favor of Bayesian cue combination strategy in distance reproduction with individual differences in navigation behavior dictated by perceived level of uncertainty.

导航需要从可用的多感官信息中更新和跟踪自己的位置和路线的能力。多感官输入有两种主要形式：基于身体的独特线索和视觉同种线索，通常来自视觉地标。然而，如何整合这两种信息流仍未得到解决。在这项研究中，我们在沉浸式虚拟现实中使用高度控制的直线距离估计任务来研究独特和异体空间线索是如何整合的。在我们的实验中，参与者在黑暗中再现了步行距离（路径整合），其中一些试验涉及误导性的视觉反馈，显示了一个与真实距离相差1.5米的虚拟房间。我们使用计算模型来确定视觉反馈偏移对参与者步行距离的影响。我们用路径整合、地标导航和基于参与者不确定性的地标反馈三种不同的模型来模拟参与者在任务中的表现。模型结果表明，大多数参与者（n = 24）的行为最能被贝叶斯线索组合模型预测，该模型包括根据他们感知的不确定性水平平均两个空间线索。我们的数据显示，参与者的不确定性估计存在相当大的个体差异，从纯粹的路径整合（忽略视觉线索）到纯粹的地标导航（忽略路径整合估计）几乎一致。综上所述，这些发现为贝叶斯线索组合策略在距离繁殖中的应用提供了证据，这种策略受感知不确定性水平的影响，在导航行为上存在个体差异。

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引用次数: 0

Does visual format matter in brand name recognition? ERP evidence challenging abstractionist models 视觉格式对品牌识别有影响吗？挑战抽象主义模型的ERP证据。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2026.109357

Melanie Labusch , Stéphanie Massol , Teresa Civera , Marta Vergara Martínez , Manuel Perea

Visual word recognition is resilient to changes in surface-level features (e.g., font, letter case, color, size). This resilience has led to the common assumption that lexical memory relies on abstract representations. However, recent behavioral studies suggest that this may not hold for brand names—a type of words usually encountered in highly consistent visual formats. The present experiment examined the electrophysiological signature of font and letter case deviations in brand names embedded in logotypes, focusing on how these modifications, relative to their original format, modulate the neural dynamics of lexico-semantic processing. To this end, we recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) while participants performed a semantic categorization task on brand names (“Is the brand related to transportation?”) presented in their original format or with a modified font or case. Letter case modifications reduced P200 amplitudes, reflecting early perceptual costs. Critically, both font and case manipulations also modulated the P300 and N400 amplitudes. These findings challenge strong abstractionist models in which visual format is fully normalized before lexical access and instead favor a hybrid account in which format-specific information is retained for familiar brand names and continues to influence lexico-semantic processing.

视觉词识别对表面特征（如字体、字母、颜色、大小）的变化具有弹性。这种弹性导致了词汇记忆依赖于抽象表征的普遍假设。然而，最近的行为研究表明，这可能不适用于品牌名称——一种通常在高度一致的视觉格式中遇到的单词。本实验研究了商标中嵌入的字体和字母大小写偏差的电生理特征，重点研究了这些偏差相对于其原始格式如何调节词汇语义加工的神经动力学。为此，我们记录了事件相关电位（erp），同时参与者执行品牌名称的语义分类任务（“品牌与运输有关吗？”）以原始格式或修改过的字体或大小写呈现的。字母大小写的改变降低了P200振幅，反映了早期的感知成本。关键的是，字体和大小写操作也调节了P300和N400的振幅。这些发现挑战了强大的抽象主义模型，在这些模型中，视觉格式在词汇访问之前是完全规范化的，相反，他们倾向于一种混合的描述，在这种描述中，特定格式的信息被保留在熟悉的品牌名称中，并继续影响词汇语义处理。

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引用次数: 0

Opposite effects of social harm and help on prosocial behaviors: Behavioral and EEG studies 社会伤害与社会帮助对亲社会行为的相反影响：行为与脑电图研究。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2026.109369

Xinling Chen, Shihui Han

Prosocial behaviors are fundamentally important for social harmony but vary across individuals with diverse experiences during development. We tested the hypothesis that receiving harms and helps from others during social interactions produce opposite (decreasing or increasing) effects on prosocial behaviors in four studies. We showed that a short experience of receiving social harms reduced both prosocial decision-making and affective empathy for others’ pain whereas a short experience of receiving social helps enhanced prosocial decision-making (Experiment 1). Social harms produced stronger effects on prosocial decision-making and subjective/electroencephalography measures of empathy related to inflictors who produced harms compared to irrelevant strangers (Experiments 2 and 3). Sustained experiences of receiving social helps were able to restore the impaired prosocial decision-making and empathy caused by a short experience of receiving social harms (Experiment 4). These findings indicate opposite relationships between prosocial behavior and social harm/help and suggest empathy as a potential intermediate psychological mechanism.

亲社会行为对社会和谐至关重要，但由于个体在发展过程中的不同经历而有所不同。我们在四项研究中检验了在社会交往中接受他人伤害和帮助对亲社会行为产生相反（减少或增加）影响的假设。我们发现，短暂的社会伤害经历会降低亲社会决策和对他人痛苦的情感同理心，而短暂的社会伤害经历有助于增强亲社会决策（实验1）。与不相关的陌生人相比，社会伤害对造成伤害的加害者的亲社会决策和主观/脑电图共情测量产生了更强的影响（实验2和3）。持续接受社会帮助的经历能够恢复因短暂接受社会伤害而受损的亲社会决策和共情（实验4）。这些发现表明亲社会行为与社会伤害/帮助之间存在相反的关系，并提示共情是一种潜在的中间心理机制。

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引用次数: 0

The role of visuospatial working memory in numerical processing - an fMRI study 视觉空间工作记忆在数值处理中的作用——fMRI研究。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109326

Yael Guy, Sarit Ashkenazi

In the last decade, studies have indicated an association between Visual-Spatial Working Memory (VSWM) domain-general cognitive ability, and number processing. We aimed to further elaborate this relationship in adults behaviorally and neuro-cognitively via fMRI. Fifty one student were recruited from them forty students were included in the analysis (males, N = 23; females, N = 17). Based on an outside scanner VSWM task, the participants were divided into High and Low VSWM Groups. During an fMRI scan, participants performed a Number line estimation task. Data were analyzed at the individual-participant level and at the group level. Multiple comparisons between the groups were carried out on the whole brain level and at specific ROIs (Regions of Interest). Behavioral results showed that the Low VSWM Group exhibited longer reaction time as compared with the High VSWM Group, in symbolic numerical processing. Neuroanatomical comparisons revealed greater activation mainly in right fronto-parietal regions among the High VSWM Group during the Number line estimation task, while the Low VSWM group engaged the left hemisphere, in parietal, frontal and temporal regions. ROI analyses showed that the left IPS activation was positively correlated to the Number line Task, thus indicating its specific role in symbolic number processing. These results demonstrate hemispherical differences between the groups during number processing, suggesting that people with High VSWM recruit resources from a domain-general ability (VSWM) which enables them to process symbolic numbers more efficiently, while people with Low VSWM capacity rely more on verbal abilities to compensate for lower spatial abilities when processing symbolic numerals.

在过去的十年中，研究表明视觉空间工作记忆（VSWM）领域-一般认知能力与数字加工之间存在关联。我们的目标是通过功能磁共振成像进一步阐述成人行为和神经认知的这种关系。共招募51名学生，其中40名被纳入分析（男性，N=23；女性，N=17）。基于外部扫描仪的VSWM任务，参与者被分为高VSWM组和低VSWM组。在fMRI扫描期间，参与者执行数轴估计任务。在个体参与者水平和群体水平上分析数据。在整个大脑水平和特定的roi（兴趣区域）上进行了组间的多重比较。行为学结果显示，低VSWM组在符号数值处理上的反应时间比高VSWM组长。神经解剖学比较显示，在数线估计任务中，高VSWM组主要在右侧额顶叶区域激活，而低VSWM组在左半球顶叶、额叶和颞叶区域激活。ROI分析表明，左侧IPS激活与数轴任务呈正相关，表明其在符号数处理中的特定作用。这些结果显示了两组在数字处理过程中的半球差异，表明高VSWM能力的人从领域一般能力（VSWM）中获取资源，使他们能够更有效地处理符号数字，而低VSWM能力的人在处理符号数字时更多地依靠语言能力来弥补较低的空间能力。

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引用次数: 0

Fornix subdivisions and spatial learning: a diffusion MRI study 联合前穹窿参与人类导航学习。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109350

Carl J. Hodgetts , Mark Postans , Angharad N. Williams , Kim S. Graham , Andrew D. Lawrence

The fornix is the major fibre pathway linking the hippocampal formation with distal brain sites. Human and animal lesion studies show that the connections comprising the fornix are vital for specific attributes of episodic and spatial memory. The fornix, however, interconnects the hippocampal formation with an array of subcortical and cortical sites and it is not known which specific connections support spatial-mnemonic function. To address this, utilizing a partly previously published dataset (Hodgetts et al., 2020), we applied a novel deterministic tractography protocol to diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) data from a group of healthy young adult humans who separately completed a desktop-based virtual reality analogue of the Morris water maze task. The tractography protocol enabled the two main parts of the fornix, delineated previously in axonal tracing studies in rodents and primates, to be reconstructed in vivo, namely the pre-commissural fornix (connecting the hippocampus to medial prefrontal cortex and with basal forebrain) and the post-commissural fornix (linking the hippocampus and medial diencephalon). We found that inter-individual differences in pre-commissural – but not, surprisingly, post-commissural – fornix microstructure (indexed by free water corrected fractional anisotropy, FA) were significantly correlated with individual differences in spatial learning, indexed by reduction in search error as individuals learned to navigate to a hidden target location from multiple starting points. Specifically, higher FA in the pre-commissural fornix was associated with faster learning rates. This study provides novel evidence that flexible and/or precise spatial learning involves a hippocampal-basal forebrain/prefrontal network underpinned in part by the pre-commissural fornix.

穹窿是连接海马形成与远端大脑部位的主要纤维通路。人类和动物的损伤研究表明，穹窿的连接对情景和空间记忆的特定属性至关重要。然而，穹窿将海马体与一系列皮层下和皮层部位相互连接，目前尚不清楚哪些特定的连接支持空间记忆功能。为了解决这个问题，我们利用部分先前发表的数据集（Hodgetts et al., 2020），对一组健康的年轻成年人的扩散加权磁共振成像（dMRI）数据应用了一种新的确定性神经束成像协议，这些人分别完成了基于桌面的莫里斯水迷宫任务的虚拟现实模拟。该技术使得之前在啮齿动物和灵长类动物的轴突示迹研究中描绘的穹窿的两个主要部分能够在体内重建，即交前穹窿（连接海马与内侧前额叶皮层和基底前脑）和交后穹窿（连接海马和内侧间脑）。我们发现，相互接触前的穹窿微观结构（以自由水校正分数各向异性，FA为索引）的个体间差异与空间学习的个体差异显著相关，这与个体学习从多个起点导航到隐藏目标位置时搜索误差的减少有关。具体来说，较高的联合穹窿FA与更快的学习速度有关。这项研究提供了新的证据，证明灵活和/或精确的空间学习涉及海马体-基底前脑/前额叶网络，该网络部分由联合前穹窿支撑。

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引用次数: 0

Adolescent social evaluative decision-making and separation anxiety: Theta dynamics and computational correlates 青少年社会评价决策与分离焦虑：Theta动态和计算相关。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109321

Elizabeth V. Edgar , Peter J. Castagna , Stefon van Noordt , Melle van der Molen , Michael J. Crowley

引用次数: 0

Temporal dynamics of competition in global/local attentional selection 全局/局部注意选择中竞争的时间动态。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 Epub Date: 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109316

Jhoana Perez-Hidalgo , Jorge Iglesias-Fuster , Klency González-Hernández , Brando Mesa-Cabrera , Daniela Escobar-Magariño , Mitchell Valdes-Sosa

Attention shifts between global and local levels of visual objects, and these dynamics are altered in neuropsychiatric disorders. However, characterizing such dynamics is difficult because traditional Navon stimuli do not allow for the temporal separation of global and local information. We first investigated whether attentional selection mechanisms used with novel single-level stimuli are shared with those activated by traditional compound figures. In Experiment 1, two sequential target letters (referred to as T1 and T2) were shown at the same or different hierarchical levels with varying stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs). When both targets were single-level stimuli, T2 recognition—conditional on correct T1 responses—was accurate following same-level transitions but impaired after different-level transitions, especially at short SOAs—an attentional blink (AB) that was stronger for global-to-local than local-to-global switches, replicating previous findings. Using a hybrid design with a traditional Navon T1 (cued to a single level) followed by a single-level T2, the same pattern emerged, indicating transfer of attentional effects across stimulus formats. The AB magnitudes correlated across paradigms, supporting shared mechanisms. To see if the attentional dynamics varied across participants, we applied this hybrid design in Experiment 2 to a larger sample, and used mixture modeling to explore individual differences, revealing four distinct clusters that varied in AB recovery speed depending on switch type, although a continuum of abilities cannot be excluded. These results demonstrate significant variability in attentional dynamics. Single-level stimuli thus offer a powerful tool to disentangle neural responses to hierarchical levels and provide new insights into both typical and disordered attentional processes.

注意力在视觉对象的整体和局部水平之间转移，这些动态在神经精神疾病中被改变。然而，表征这种动态是困难的，因为传统的Navon刺激不允许全球和局部信息的时间分离。我们首先研究了在新的单水平刺激下使用的注意选择机制是否与传统复合图形激活的注意选择机制相同。在实验1中，两个顺序的目标字母（T1和T2）在不同的刺激开始异步（soa）下显示在相同或不同的层次水平。当两个目标都是单水平刺激时，T2识别——以正确的T1反应为条件——在相同水平的转换后是准确的，但在不同水平的转换后是受损的，特别是在短暂的soa -一种注意力眨眼（AB）中，全局到局部的转换比局部到全局的转换更强，重复了先前的发现。使用传统的Navon T1（提示单水平）和单水平T2的混合设计，出现了相同的模式，表明注意效应在刺激格式之间的转移。AB值跨范式相关，支持共享机制。为了观察不同参与者的注意力动态是否存在差异，我们在实验2中将这种混合设计应用于更大的样本，并使用混合建模来探索个体差异，揭示了四个不同的集群，这些集群在AB恢复速度上根据开关类型而变化，尽管不能排除连续的能力。这些结果证明了注意动力学的显著可变性。因此，单水平刺激提供了一个强大的工具来解开神经反应的层次，并为典型和无序的注意过程提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Enactment and bizarreness modulate familiarity and recollection in associative recognition: Evidence from FN400 and LPC 情景性和奇异性调节联想识别中的熟悉性和回忆：来自FN400和LPC的证据

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 Epub Date: 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109333

Min-Fang Zhao , Hubert D. Zimmer , Zhiwei Zheng , Xiaolan Fu

Individuals usually have superior memory for bizarre stimuli compared to common ones. However, the extent to which bizarreness influences memory for actions remains unclear. Recent evidence has shown that performed actions represented by an action phrase (verb–object pair) in subject-performed task (SPT) result in better associative memory than simply reading it in verbal task (VT). Here, we directly investigated the effect of bizarreness on associative memory for action components following SPT relative to VT and its underlying memory processes using EEGs. During studying, the participants studied ordinary and bizarre verb–object phrases (pairs) in an SPT or VT condition. During testing, they discriminated between intact, recombined, and new pairs. Behaviorally, associative recognition of verb–object phrases was better following SPT than VT for ordinary and bizarre phrases. Bizarreness improved associative recognition under VT (but not SPT). In the event related potentials (ERP), an early frontal old-new effect (FN400) for intact vs. new pairs was observed under SPT for ordinary and bizarre phrases, whereas for VT, this effect was only observed for bizarre phrase. The FN400 for intact vs. recombined pairs was only present under SPT for ordinary phrases. In the late time window, a parietal old-new effect (LPC) for intact vs. new pairs was obtained under all conditions. The LPC for intact vs. recombined pairs only occurred under VT for bizarre phrases. These results demonstrate that enactment and bizarreness enhance associative recognition through distinct mechanisms by differentially modulating the contributions of familiarity and recollection during retrieval of action-object associations.

与普通刺激相比，个体对奇怪刺激的记忆力通常更强。然而，怪异对行为记忆的影响程度仍不清楚。最近的研究表明，在主体执行任务（SPT）中，用动作短语（动宾对）表示的动作比在言语任务（VT）中简单地阅读动作短语能产生更好的联想记忆。本研究利用脑电图直接研究了奇异性对SPT后动作成分联想记忆的影响及其相关记忆过程。在学习过程中，参与者在SPT或VT条件下学习了普通和奇怪的动宾短语（对）。在测试过程中，他们区分了完整的、重组的和新的配对。从行为上看，普通短语和奇异短语的联想识别效果优于视觉训练。奇异性提高了VT下的联想识别（而不是SPT）。事件相关电位（event related potential， ERP）中，在普通短语和奇异短语下，完整对与新对的早期额叶旧-新效应（FN400）被观察到，而在VT中，这种效应只在奇异短语上被观察到。完整和重组对的FN400仅在普通短语的SPT下存在。在较晚的时间窗口中，在所有条件下，完整对和新对的顶叶新旧效应（LPC）都得到了体现。完整对和重组对的LPC只出现在奇异短语的VT下。这些结果表明，在动作-客体关联检索过程中，模仿和怪异通过不同的机制调节熟悉度和回忆的贡献，从而增强联想识别。

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引用次数: 0

Detecting psychosis via natural language processing of social media posts: potentials and pitfalls 通过社交媒体帖子的自然语言处理来检测精神病：潜力和陷阱。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 Epub Date: 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109325

Laurin Plank, Armin Zlomuzica

The early detection and continuous monitoring of psychosis is of utmost importance in ensuring timely and effective treatment. Current mental health care is unable to meet this demand, partially because methods to detect psychosis are relatively time-intensive and not scalable to large populations. Consequently, there has been an increasing focus on the potential of passive data collection from digital devices to overcome this issue. In the present article, we explore whether the analysis of social media (SM) posts through natural language processing (NLP) could improve the detection of psychosis. We first demonstrate how freely expressed speech can be processed automatically in the laboratory to predict and classify psychosis with high levels of accuracy. We further outline the current state of psychosis classification from SM-derived data and discuss methodological issues that are hampering progress in this field. Finally, we delve into potential pitfalls of such systems and provide insight into how these may be circumvented.

精神病的早期发现和持续监测对于确保及时有效的治疗至关重要。目前的精神卫生保健无法满足这一需求，部分原因是检测精神病的方法相对耗时，而且不能扩展到大量人群。因此，人们越来越关注从数字设备被动数据收集的潜力，以克服这一问题。在本文中，我们探讨了通过自然语言处理（NLP）分析社交媒体（SM）帖子是否可以提高精神病的检测。我们首先展示了如何在实验室中自动处理自由表达的语言，以高水平的准确性预测和分类精神病。我们进一步概述了从sm衍生数据的精神病分类的现状，并讨论了阻碍这一领域进展的方法学问题。最后，我们深入研究了此类系统的潜在缺陷，并提供了如何规避这些缺陷的见解。

引用次数: 0

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 Epub Date: 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109334

Michael Jenkins , Sukhvinder S. Obhi

When performing goal-directed tasks, mistakes can motivate changes in our choices and behaviours. This process of behavioural adaptation is assumed to be at least partly driven by error processing mechanisms in the brain marked by the error-related negativity (ERN). A recently observed perceptual consequence of errors is a temporal binding effect, which is the perceived compression of time between actions and outcomes and is commonly claimed to be an implicit marker for the sense of agency. Given that both phenomena are triggered by errors, we sought to investigate the relationship between ERN amplitude and error-related temporal binding and assess the extent to which each of these predicted several measures of task performance. Utilising a modified Eriksen Flanker task to increase error rates, we measured error-related changes in ERP amplitude (ERN difference wave) and action-outcome interval estimates (error-related temporal binding). Both measures were significantly affected by erroneous responses, and this was correlated between measures – participants with larger ERN amplitude also exhibited stronger error-related binding. When controlling for each other as predictors of task performance, ERN amplitude was shown to independently predict overall error rates, while error-related binding was shown to independently predict the rate of improvement. To our knowledge, this is the first study to observe error-related changes in temporal binding in a flanker task, and the first to measure the relationship between ERN amplitude and temporal binding. We discuss the distinction (and overlap) between the ERN and error-related binding, along with the potential links to the sense of agency.

在执行目标导向的任务时，错误会促使我们改变选择和行为。这种行为适应过程被认为至少部分是由大脑中的错误处理机制驱动的，该机制以错误相关的消极性（ERN）为标志。最近观察到的错误的感知后果是一种时间约束效应，即行为和结果之间的感知时间压缩，通常被认为是代理感的隐含标记。鉴于这两种现象都是由错误触发的，我们试图研究神经神经网络振幅和与错误相关的时间绑定之间的关系，并评估它们在多大程度上预测了任务绩效的几个指标。利用改进的Eriksen Flanker任务来增加错误率，我们测量了ERP振幅（ERN差波）和动作-结果区间估计（错误相关的时间绑定）的错误相关变化。两种测量都受到错误反应的显著影响，并且这在测量之间是相关的——ERN振幅较大的参与者也表现出更强的错误相关绑定。当控制彼此作为任务绩效的预测因子时，神经网络振幅被证明可以独立预测总体错误率，而与错误相关的绑定被证明可以独立预测改进率。据我们所知，这是第一个观察侧侧任务中与错误相关的时间结合变化的研究，也是第一个测量ERN振幅与时间结合之间关系的研究。我们讨论了ERN和错误相关绑定之间的区别（和重叠），以及与代理感的潜在联系。

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引用次数: 0