Neuropsychologia最新文献

The neurophysiological mechanisms of emotional conflict are influenced by social associations information of varying valence

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109154

Ronglian Zheng , Yihan Wu , Huili Xing , Yining Kou , Yufeng Wang , Xin Wu , Feng Zou , Mei Du , Meng Zhang

Previous research has indicated that emotional valence can influence the resolution of emotional conflicts, with this effect benefiting from the prioritized processing of negative emotions. In this study, a social learning paradigm was utilized to train participants to associate different neutral faces with distinct social meanings (e.g., stingy, generous). These learned neutral faces were then combined with emotion words of varying valence to create a novel face-word Stroop task. This task was employed to investigate whether social affective associations of different valences continue to impact emotional conflict processing. Concurrently, electroencephalogram data was recorded while participants completed the task. Behavioral results revealed that when participants were presented with neutral faces associated with negative social associations, emotional conflict resolution is facilitated, whereas when faced with neutral faces linked to positive social associations, the emotional conflict effect was significantly present. Consistency between event-related potentials and microstate results indicated that negative social associations facilitated conflict resolution, while positive social associations required participants to recruit more cognitive resources to inhibit irrelevant emotional interference. These findings further expand the factors influencing emotional conflict and relevant neurophysiological explanations.

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引用次数: 0

Cognitive independence and interactions between cerebral hemispheres

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109153

Scott L. Brincat, Earl K. Miller

The two cerebral hemispheres can often operate independently. But interactions between them are critical for cognition and have been implicated in a number of neuropsychiatric disorders. Neurophysiological studies have long focused on a single hemisphere. Here, we review recent studies showing neurophysiological evidence showing both independence and interactions between the hemispheres during complex behavior.

引用次数: 0

Examining the role and neural electrophysiological mechanisms of adjective cues in size judgment

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109151

Yihan Wu , Ronglian Zheng , Huili Xing , Yining Kou , Yufeng Wang , Xin Wu , Feng Zou , Yanyan Luo , Meng Zhang

Numerous influential theories have attempted to elucidate the relationship between language and thought. The debate persists on whether language and thought are distinct entities or if language is deeply embedded in individual cognitive processes. This study employs adjective cues combined with a mental imagery size judgment task as an experimental paradigm, utilizing neurophysiological techniques to preliminarily explore the role of adjectives in size judgment tasks and their underlying neurophysiological mechanisms. Findings reveal that performance is best when adjectives are congruent with the size of the object, with EEG microstate results indicating strong activity in Class A, related to language networks under this condition. Additionally, when adjectives conflict with object size, the discovery of the Ni component suggests that individuals monitor and inhibit the conflict between adjectives and object size, leading to decreased task performance in this condition. Moreover, when object size is ambiguous, individuals' size judgments do not benefit significantly from clear adjective cues. Event-related potentials and EEG microstate results suggest that under this condition, top-down cognitive resources are recruited more extensively. In conclusion, language plays a more crucial role in simpler judgment tasks; as tasks become more complex, judgment processes engage a greater number of distributed brain regions to collaborate, while the language system remains active. This study provides initial cognitive neuroscience evidence for understanding the relationship between language and simple forms of thought, offering preliminary insights for future investigations into the connection between language and thought.

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引用次数: 0

Remembering the past affects new learning: The temporal dynamics of integrative encoding 回忆过去会影响新的学习整合编码的时间动态

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-04-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109148

Inês Bramão, Zhenghao Liu, Mikael Johansson

Memories link elements across event boundaries, integrating overlapping content experienced at different times and places. Such memory representations are thought to rely on memory integration mechanisms. The present study used multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) of electroencephalographic (EEG) data to elucidate the temporal dynamics of integrative encoding memory processes. Memory integration was investigated with the associative inference task. Participants learned overlapping paired associates, AB and BC pairs, comprising a word and a picture (a face or a bird) and were later tested on the AC inferred associations. MVPA was used to measure the online reactivation of previously learned AB memories while encoding overlapping but new BC events. Reliable AB reactivation was observed approximately 1500 ms after the onset of the BC event. Participants (n = 29) were divided into two groups according to their AC performance: high and low memory integration. Interestingly, while both groups showed comparable levels of AB reactivation, the reactivation effects were associated with different behavioral consequences. For participants in the high memory-integration group, reactivation was predictive of later AC performance, suggesting that an integrated ABC representation was formed during BC learning. Conversely, for participants in the low memory-integration group, the reactivation of AB was negatively correlated with BC performance, indicating that reactivation of overlapping memories impaired new learning. The present study extends previous literature by revealing the temporal dynamics of the integrative encoding mechanisms and by providing an account of inter-individual differences in the capacity to integrate memories across distinct episodes.

记忆会跨越事件的界限将元素联系起来，整合在不同时间和地点经历的重叠内容。这种记忆表征被认为依赖于记忆整合机制。本研究使用脑电图（EEG）数据的多变量模式分析（MVPA）来阐明整合编码记忆过程的时间动态。通过联想推理任务对记忆整合进行了研究。受试者学习了由单词和图片（一张脸或一只鸟）组成的重叠配对联想（AB 和 BC 对），随后对 AC 推断联想进行了测试。在编码重叠但新的 BC 事件时，MVPA 被用来测量先前学习的 AB 记忆的在线再激活。在 BC 事件开始后约 1500 毫秒，可以观察到可靠的 AB 再激活。参与者（n = 29）根据其 AC 表现被分为两组：高记忆整合组和低记忆整合组。有趣的是，虽然两组的 AB 再激活水平相当，但再激活效应却与不同的行为后果相关联。对于高记忆整合组的参与者来说，重新激活可以预测以后的 AC 表现，这表明在 BC 学习过程中已经形成了一个整合的 ABC 表征。相反，对于低记忆整合组的参与者来说，AB 的重新激活与 BC 的表现呈负相关，这表明重叠记忆的重新激活会影响新的学习。本研究揭示了整合编码机制的时间动态，并解释了个体间在不同事件中整合记忆能力的差异，从而扩展了以往的文献。

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引用次数: 0

Early cortical processing of coherent vs. non-coherent motion stimuli in younger and older adults: An event-related potential (ERP) study investigating visually induced vection 年轻人和老年人大脑皮层对相干与非相干运动刺激的早期处理：调查视觉诱导牵引的事件相关电位（ERP）研究

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109140

Brandy Murovec , Stefan Berti , Susan Yahya , Julia Spaniol , Behrang Keshavarz

The neurophysiological basis of vection (i.e., the illusion of self-motion) is not well understood. Preliminary evidence suggests that neural predictors of vection can be identified through event-related potentials (ERPs) and that these markers may correlate with vection intensity. The current study examined age-related differences in neurocortical activity during the early stages of sensory processing of vection-inducing stimuli. Twenty-two younger (age range: 20–35 years) and 25 older adults (age range: 65–83) observed optokinetic stimuli in two blocks, a short (∼3s) presentation block and a long (35s) presentation block. In both types of blocks, the optokinetic stimuli varied in motion coherence (coherent vs. non-coherent motion). During the short presentation block, EEG was used to measure neural activity in the form of ERPs time-locked to the onset of visual motion, whereas subjective ratings of vection intensity, duration, and onset latency were collected during the long presentation block. Vection was significantly stronger following coherent vs. non-coherent motion for both age groups. ERP analyses revealed differences between coherent and non-coherent motion at parietal-occipital electrodes around 100–150 ms (P1) and 150–230 ms (P2), with greater area under the curve (AUC) during non-coherent vs. coherent motion. Neither vection ratings nor ERPs showed significant age differences for coherent visual motion; however, age differences in ERPs were observed during the processing of non-coherent visual motion. These findings indicate that the subjective experience of vection and the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying visual processing preceding vection remain relatively stable with age. However, they also reveal age-related differences in the processing of non-coherent motion.

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引用次数: 0

The relationship between executive functions and the perspective-taking skill of theory of mind: Insights from deaf and hard of hearing children with cochlear implants

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109141

Mario Figueroa , Sònia Darbra , Gary Morgan

Previous research in hearing children has consistently found theory of mind (ToM) is positively associated with executive functions (EF). However, this question has been far less examined in deaf and hard of hearing children (DHH) with cochlear implants. This may be because of the heterogeneity of developmental contexts and especially related to language that DHH children experience. The purpose of the study was to explore developmental differences in the perspective-taking skill of ToM and EF by using cluster analysis to compare groups of DHH adolescents who are CI users with typically developing hearing adolescents, aiming to identify subgroups with similar cognitive and processing profiles. Participants were 88 adolescents (12–16 years old) of which 34 were DHH with cochlear implants. The results showed that in the hearing group EF scores correlated positively with perspective-taking performance but not in the DHH group. The analysis of the hearing children's results revealed there were three clusters based on clear performance levels. In the DHH group, there was much variability and more complex relationships between both abilities. We conclude that DHH children's variable experience with early communication and access to language disrupts the typical coupling of ToM and EF.

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引用次数: 0

Impaired neural discrimination of regular words from pseudowords in dyslexic adults as revealed by fast periodic visual stimulation

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109137

Aliette Lochy , Emilie Collette , Bruno Rossion , Christine Schiltz

We used Fast Periodic Visual Stimulation with EEG recordings to assess the sensitivity of adults with dyslexia to fine-grained psycholinguistic variations of letter strings: lexicality and orthographic regularity. Dyslexic and non-dyslexic university students watched 60-s streams of stimuli presented at 10 Hz with deviant items (words) inserted periodically (1/8, at 1.25 Hz). While there was no overall difference in neural response between groups at the base stimulation frequency (10 Hz), individuals with dyslexia showed significantly reduced 1.25 Hz discrimination response for regular and irregular words among pseudowords (lexicality) over the left occipito-temporal cortex. Interestingly, while dyslexic individuals had significant weaker responses for irregular words than normal readers, they did not show any discrimination response for regular words within streams of pseudowords. However, they displayed responses to regularity changes within streams of words, that were not significantly below typical readers’. Overall, these observations suggest that lexical processes are not automatically triggered in dyslexia when a decoding strategy is enhanced by context (i.e., pseudowords) but may be at work when the overall activation of the lexicon is high (i.e., words). The results also show the diagnostic value of the FPVS-EEG approach to determine and characterize reading impairments rapidly, objectively and implicitly.

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引用次数: 0

Distribution of attention in three-dimensional space

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109138

Noah Britt , Hanna Haponenko , Brett A. Cochrane , Bruce Milliken , Hong-jin Sun

The distribution of spatial attention has mostly been studied for visual events presented within a two-dimensional space. In this study, we examined the distribution of spatial attention in a three-dimensional space (i.e., across the z-axis). Much previous research suggests that attention is universally biased toward stimuli appearing in near space compared to far space. However, the results of some studies suggest this ‘near advantage’ is task-specific, with some tasks instead producing an attention bias toward stimuli in far space. The current study investigated whether two tasks that differ in attentional priorities (i.e., target localization vs target discrimination) differentially bias attention across near and far depth. Across three experiments, we compared target localization and target discrimination tasks when a single target appeared as the stimulus (Experiment 1) and then, for a cue-target task, compared target localization (Experiment 2A) and target discrimination tasks (Experiment 2B). Our results support the proposal that the near advantage is task-specific. For target localization, reaction times (RTs) were shorter for near-targets than for far-targets, however, for target discrimination, RTs were shorter for far-targets than for near-targets. This result was revealed in both uncued and cue-target paradigms. The cue-target paradigm also showed that relative to same-depth conditions, the cueing effect pointed to greater facilitation when orienting attention from far-to-near space for target localization but from near-to-far space for target discrimination. These findings argue against a universal near advantage. Overall, the results were consistent with the notion that different task demands can differentially bias the distribution of attention across near and far depth, a proposal that has implications for the potential involvement of the dorsal and ventral visual processing streams.

空间注意力的分布主要是针对二维空间中呈现的视觉事件进行研究的。在本研究中，我们考察了空间注意力在三维空间（即横跨 Z 轴）中的分布情况。以往的许多研究表明，与远距离空间相比，注意力普遍偏向于出现在近距离空间的刺激物。然而，一些研究结果表明，这种 "近距离优势 "是针对特定任务的，有些任务反而会产生对远距离刺激物的注意偏向。本研究调查了两种注意力优先级不同的任务（即目标定位与目标辨别）是否会在近距离和远距离深度上产生不同的注意力偏差。在三个实验中，我们比较了单个目标作为刺激物出现时的目标定位和目标辨别任务（实验 1），然后在提示目标任务中比较了目标定位（实验 2A）和目标辨别任务（实验 2B）。我们的结果支持了近距离优势具有任务特异性的观点。在目标定位任务中，近目标的反应时间（RTs）比远目标短；而在目标辨别任务中，远目标的反应时间比近目标短。这一结果在无提示和提示-目标范式中都得到了证实。提示-目标范式还显示，相对于相同深度条件，提示效应表明，在目标定位时，将注意力从远至近的空间导向目标，而在目标辨别时，将注意力从近至远的空间导向目标，会有更大的促进作用。这些发现反驳了普遍的近距离优势。总之，这些结果与不同的任务要求会使注意力在近深和远深之间的分布产生不同偏差的观点是一致的，这一提议对背侧和腹侧视觉处理流的潜在参与具有影响。

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引用次数: 0

Increase of phonological errors in dual-task conditions in patients with aphasia and neurotypical individuals: Impact of the verbal nature of the concurrent task

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109136

Cyrielle Demierre , Bertrand Glize , Marina Laganaro

Speaking is affected under dual-task conditions and studies have shown an impact on lexical and on phonological processes even in single word production. In the present study, we aimed at investigating if dual-task interference on lexical and phonological encoding is modulated by the linguistic nature of the concurrent task and in particular to determine whether the increase of phonological errors observed in previous studies using auditory syllables as concurrent stimuli is due to the phonological overlap between the tasks.

Patients with aphasia (PWA, Experiment 1) and neurotypical individuals (Experiment 2) underwent a picture naming task and an auditory detection task of non-verbal sounds of daily life under single and dual-task conditions with different stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs), namely +150 and + 300 ms, likely targeting lexical processes and phonological encoding. In both groups, naming latencies were slower under dual-task conditions at each SOA and in PWA, phonological errors increased with sounds of daily life presented at SOA +300. The results on errors replicate what was observed previously in studies using syllables as concurrent auditory stimuli in PWA. To investigate whether the increase of errors is larger with syllables relative to non-verbal sounds independent of the clinical condition, another neurotypical group performed a dual-task paradigm with syllables as concurrent auditory stimuli (Experiment 3).

Results

showed an increase of phonological errors at late SOA also in neurotypical participants, thus confirming the impact of concurrent syllables on phonological errors independently of the population.

The results indicate that non-verbal auditory stimuli in the concurrent task impact phonological errors, although to a lesser extent than syllables, suggesting that the increase of errors in previous studies cannot be entirely attributed to the phonological overlap between the tasks.

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引用次数: 0

A dual-site HD-tDCS of the left inferior frontal gyrus and inferior parietal lobe modulates picture-word naming performance in healthy individuals

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-03-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109135

Mingjing Bao, Bin Xuan

The selection of appropriate lexical entries constitutes a crucial stage in the process of speech production. The theories of lexical choice competition and the hypothesis of response exclusion both propose that inhibitory control might play a significant role in handling cognitive conflicts arising from lexical selection. Previous studies have utilized transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to enhance speech function in individuals by primarily targeting stimulation on the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). However, the effects of this intervention have been inconsistent in healthy individuals. In this study, we apply tDCS successively to both the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and the left inferior parietal lobe (IPL) of healthy individuals, along with picture naming training. We aim to investigate the potential enhancement of word production performance in healthy individuals through a combined intervention targeting verbal functioning and inhibitory control. The experimental findings indicated that speech training in isolation did not have a significant impact on picture-word interference performance. Furthermore, it was observed that speech training in healthy individuals only showed an effect when combined with stimulation of two specific brain regions. However, this effect varied depending on the type of interfering word. The findings of this study support the lexical selection and generation require the involvement of inhibitory control, and provide an analysis of the phenomenon of unstable effects of tDCS applied to left IFG in healthy individuals. Additionally, new insights are provided for the clinical application of tDCS in treating speech dysfunction.

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引用次数: 0