Neuropsychologia最新文献

A Longitudinal Study of Error-Related Neural Responses in Adolescents Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI). 青少年轻度颅脑损伤（mTBI）后错误相关神经反应的纵向研究。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2026.109358

Tanner J Jensen, Alexandra M Muir, Emma J Gleave, Benjamin A Christensen, Erin M Corbin, Whitney Allen, Ann Clawson, Thomas J Farrer, Tyshae Jaggi, Nathan Alder, Erin D Bigler, Peter E Clayson, Michael J Larson

Error processing, a neural process critical for adaptive learning, may be disrupted by mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), also known as concussion. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of adults following mTBI indicate a variable impact on neural correlates of error processing, including the error related negativity (ERN) and post error positivity (Pe) scalp-recorded event-related potential (ERP) components. A similar study of adolescents indicated smaller ERN and Pe amplitudes in those with mTBI compared to healthy control participants. To date, no longitudinal studies measuring these components in adolescents with mTBI are available, limiting the understanding of the recovery of error processing over time following injury. Adolescents with mTBI and demographically-similar non-injured control participants (n = 36; n = 27) completed a flanker task while electroencephalogram (EEG) data were collected within three weeks of injury (subacute) and again approximately 10 months later (n = 29; n = 24). No significant differences were found between groups on response time at subacute (p = .52) or longitudinal (p = .31) stages or on accuracy at subacute (p = .81) or longitudinal (p = .96) stages. There was no significant effect of mTBI on ERN (p = .13) or Pe (p = .13) in the subacute stage. Although mTBI did have a significant influence on ERN (p = .049) and Pe (p = .029) amplitudes when collapsed across accuracy and time points, the group-by-accuracy interaction was not significant for either ERN or Pe (p = .21; p = .68). In this sample of adolescents with mTBI, ERN and Pe amplitudes did not differ from the control group either in the subacute stage or over time, suggesting that ERN and Pe amplitudes are not specifically vulnerable to mTBI.

错误处理是一种对适应性学习至关重要的神经过程，它可能因轻度创伤性脑损伤（mTBI）而中断。横断面和纵向研究表明，mTBI对错误处理的神经相关因素有不同的影响，包括错误相关负性（ERN）和错误后正性（Pe）头皮记录事件相关电位（ERP）成分。一项针对青少年的类似研究表明，与健康对照组相比，mTBI患者的ERN和Pe振幅较小。到目前为止，还没有纵向研究测量青少年mTBI患者的这些成分，这限制了对损伤后错误处理随时间恢复的理解。患有mTBI的青少年和人口统计学上相似的未受伤的对照组参与者（n = 36; n = 27）完成了侧卫任务，同时在受伤（亚急性）后三周内和大约10个月后再次收集脑电图（EEG）数据（n = 29; n = 24）。在亚急性期（p = 0.52）或纵向期（p = 0.31）的反应时间以及亚急性期（p = 0.81）或纵向期（p = 0.96）的准确性方面，两组间无显著差异。mTBI对亚急性期ERN （p = 0.13）和Pe （p = 0.13）无显著影响。虽然mTBI在准确性和时间点上对ERN （p = 0.049）和Pe （p = 0.029）振幅有显著影响，但对ERN或Pe而言，组与精度的相互作用均不显著（p = 0.21; p = 0.68）。在这个患有mTBI的青少年样本中，无论是在亚急性期还是随着时间的推移，ERN和Pe的振幅都与对照组没有差异，这表明ERN和Pe的振幅对mTBI并不是特别敏感。

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引用次数: 0

Does visual format matter in brand name recognition? ERP evidence challenging abstractionist models 视觉格式对品牌识别有影响吗？挑战抽象主义模型的ERP证据。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2026.109357

Melanie Labusch , Stéphanie Massol , Teresa Civera , Marta Vergara Martínez , Manuel Perea

Visual word recognition is resilient to changes in surface-level features (e.g., font, letter case, color, size). This resilience has led to the common assumption that lexical memory relies on abstract representations. However, recent behavioral studies suggest that this may not hold for brand names—a type of words usually encountered in highly consistent visual formats. The present experiment examined the electrophysiological signature of font and letter case deviations in brand names embedded in logotypes, focusing on how these modifications, relative to their original format, modulate the neural dynamics of lexico-semantic processing. To this end, we recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) while participants performed a semantic categorization task on brand names (“Is the brand related to transportation?”) presented in their original format or with a modified font or case. Letter case modifications reduced P200 amplitudes, reflecting early perceptual costs. Critically, both font and case manipulations also modulated the P300 and N400 amplitudes. These findings challenge strong abstractionist models in which visual format is fully normalized before lexical access and instead favor a hybrid account in which format-specific information is retained for familiar brand names and continues to influence lexico-semantic processing.

视觉词识别对表面特征（如字体、字母、颜色、大小）的变化具有弹性。这种弹性导致了词汇记忆依赖于抽象表征的普遍假设。然而，最近的行为研究表明，这可能不适用于品牌名称——一种通常在高度一致的视觉格式中遇到的单词。本实验研究了商标中嵌入的字体和字母大小写偏差的电生理特征，重点研究了这些偏差相对于其原始格式如何调节词汇语义加工的神经动力学。为此，我们记录了事件相关电位（erp），同时参与者执行品牌名称的语义分类任务（“品牌与运输有关吗？”）以原始格式或修改过的字体或大小写呈现的。字母大小写的改变降低了P200振幅，反映了早期的感知成本。关键的是，字体和大小写操作也调节了P300和N400的振幅。这些发现挑战了强大的抽象主义模型，在这些模型中，视觉格式在词汇访问之前是完全规范化的，相反，他们倾向于一种混合的描述，在这种描述中，特定格式的信息被保留在熟悉的品牌名称中，并继续影响词汇语义处理。

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引用次数: 0

Aesthetic judgement and appreciation in agenesis of the corpus callosum 胼胝体发育过程中的审美判断与鉴赏。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2026.109356

Nathan M. LeFebre , Kutter D. Callaway , Kaitlyn A. Bennett , Lynn K. Paul , Warren S. Brown

The corpus callosum has been associated with some of the most complex processes of cognition, including creativity and imagination. Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is a congenital disorder, affecting approximately 1:4000 persons, in which the corpus callosum fails to develop. Even when FSIQ is in the average range, ACC results in a characteristic neuropsychological syndrome of reduced interhemispheric transfer of sensory-motor information, reduced cognitive processing speed, difficulties in complex reasoning and novel problem-solving, and reduced elaborative imagination and creative capacity. To further investigate the role of the corpus callosum in elaborative imagination, the present study compared aesthetic judgments from 22 adults with ACC (FSIQ >80) and 49 online comparison participants, as measured on the Assessment of Art Attributes (AAA). Participants viewed 24 paintings from the AAA, rating them on six sensory-perceptual attributes and eight higher-order conceptual attributes of visual art. All participants also completed measures of artistic experience and colorblindness. Compared to the control group, persons with ACC produced divergent rank orders for 13 of the 14 AAA attributes, but group mean differences were only observed across higher-level, conceptual attributes of art. These findings are broadly consistent with a previously reported pattern of greater impairment in judgments of conceptual aesthetics than sensory-perceptual features among populations with neuropsychological deficits, while revealing a more generalized qualitative difference in how people with ACC judge aesthetic attributes in works of art and lending further support for the role of the corpus callosum in imagination, creativity, and aesthetic appreciation.

胼胝体与一些最复杂的认知过程有关，包括创造力和想象力。胼胝体发育不全（ACC）是一种先天性疾病，发病率约为1:4000，患者的胼胝体发育不全。即使FSIQ在平均范围内，ACC也会导致一种特征性的神经心理综合征，即感觉-运动信息的半球间转移减少，认知处理速度下降，复杂推理和解决新问题困难，精细想象和创造能力下降。为了进一步研究胼胝体在精细想象中的作用，本研究比较了22名ACC成人（FSIQ bbbb80）和49名在线比较参与者的审美判断，以评估艺术属性（AAA）。参与者观看了24幅AAA级的画作，根据视觉艺术的6个感官知觉属性和8个高阶概念属性对它们进行评级。所有参与者还完成了艺术体验和色盲的测试。与对照组相比，ACC患者对14个AAA属性中的13个产生了不同的排名顺序，但组平均差异仅在更高水平的艺术概念属性上观察到。这些发现与先前报道的一种模式大致一致，即在神经心理缺陷人群中，概念美学的判断比感觉-知觉特征的判断更严重，同时揭示了ACC患者在艺术作品中如何判断审美属性的更普遍的定性差异，并进一步支持了胼胝体在想象、创造力和审美欣赏中的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Negative emotion differentiation shapes attentional allocation during emotional processing: evidence from ERP components 负性情绪分化影响情绪加工过程中的注意分配：来自ERP成分的证据。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2026.109355

Yuhan Lin , Fanping Wang , Xun Yan , Chao Wang

Negative emotion differentiation (NED) refers to an individual's ability to distinguish between different negative emotions. Low NED means that individuals have difficulty accurately distinguishing between negative emotions, making them more susceptible to these emotions, which can affect attentional processing. Using a visual search task combined with electroencephalography, we examined how participants with low versus high NED allocate attention to emotional stimuli across distinct processing stages. Behaviorally, high-NED individuals showed greater accuracy under the negative emotional condition than low-NED individuals. Moreover, they exhibited enhanced amplitudes of P2 and LPP to negative stimuli, whereas no group differences were observed for the early N1 component. These findings suggest that high-NED showed more efficient processing of emotional information compared to low-NED individuals, an advantage largely supported by increased attentional resource allocation and top-down processing of emotional stimuli, as reflected in ERP markers. Together, these findings provide converging behavioral and neurophysiological evidence that high NED individuals exhibit greater efficiency in emotional recognition and regulation. This study further highlights NED as a potentially modifiable target for improving emotional functioning and psychological well-being.

负性情绪区分（NED）是指个体区分不同负性情绪的能力。低NED意味着个体难以准确区分消极情绪，使他们更容易受到这些情绪的影响，这可能会影响注意力处理。通过结合脑电图的视觉搜索任务，我们研究了低NED和高NED的参与者如何在不同的加工阶段将注意力分配到情绪刺激上。行为上，高ned个体比低ned个体在负性情绪条件下表现出更高的准确性。此外，它们在负刺激下表现出P2和LPP的振幅增强，而在早期N1成分上没有观察到组间差异。这些发现表明，与低ned个体相比，高ned个体表现出更有效的情绪信息处理，这一优势在很大程度上是由ERP标记所反映的注意力资源分配和自上而下的情绪刺激处理的增加所支持的。总之，这些发现提供了行为和神经生理学的证据，表明高NED个体在情绪识别和调节方面表现出更高的效率。这项研究进一步强调了NED作为改善情绪功能和心理健康的潜在可修改目标。

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引用次数: 0

Spatial updating in amnesia using an eye movement analogue of a path integration task 利用眼动模拟路径整合任务在健忘症中的空间更新

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109354

Anisha Khosla , R. Shayna Rosenbaum , Morris Moscovitch , Jennifer D. Ryan

Path integration (PI) allows organisms to navigate home by updating their location in reference to the route's starting point. We previously demonstrated a PI-like process in eye movements using an eyetracking version of commonly used PI tasks. As the hippocampus/medial temporal lobes (MTL) have been implicated in updating self-position via whole-body PI, we investigated whether the hippocampus/MTL is necessary for the spatial updating of gaze position. Using our eyetracking PI-analog task, we tested two individuals with hippocampal lesions, DA and BL; BL's hippocampal damage is relatively circumscribed to his dentate gyrus, but he has additional volume loss in the right precuneus and left superior-posterior parietal cortex. Participants followed routes with their eyes guided by visual onsets and, when subsequently cued, returned to the starting point or mid-route location. Surprisingly, despite DA's extensive MTL damage, his accuracy was comparable to that of control participants, but unlike the control participants, he showed increased saccade latency and little to no gaze revisits to enroute locations when returning to the start location. BL's accuracy was reduced relative to that of the control participants. Additionally, in contrast to DA, BL demonstrated an increased reliance on overt, enroute revisits. The behavior of the two amnesic cases, who each differ from the control participants and show distinct patterns from one another, suggests that spatial updating of gaze position reflects interactive processes supported by the hippocampus/MTL and posterior parietal cortex.

路径整合（PI）允许生物通过参考路线的起点更新它们的位置来导航回家。我们之前使用常用PI任务的眼动追踪版本演示了眼球运动中类似PI的过程。由于海马/内侧颞叶（MTL）参与通过全身PI更新自我位置，我们研究了海马/内侧颞叶在凝视位置的空间更新中是否必要。通过眼动pi模拟任务，我们测试了两名海马病变患者，DA和BL；BL的海马损伤相对局限于他的齿状回，但他在右侧楔前叶和左侧上后顶叶皮层有额外的体积损失。参与者在视觉的引导下沿着路线走，然后在随后的提示下，返回到起点或路线中间的位置。令人惊讶的是，尽管DA的MTL大面积受损，但他的准确性与对照组相当，但与对照组不同的是，他在返回起始位置时表现出增加的扫视延迟，并且很少或根本没有注视路线位置。与对照组相比，BL的准确性降低了。此外，与DA相比，BL表现出更多的依赖于公开的、途中的重访。两名失忆症患者的行为不同于对照组，表现出不同的模式，这表明凝视位置的空间更新反映了海马/MTL和后顶叶皮层支持的互动过程。

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引用次数: 0

There is more social in semantics! A brief commentary and reanalysis of Balgova et al. (2024) 语义中有更多的社交性！对Balgova等人（2024）的简评与再分析。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109353

Frank Van Overwalle , Maria Arioli , Elien Heleven , Min Qiu , Natacha Deroost , Kris Baetens

Balgova et al. (2024) recently conducted a large-scale meta-analysis on mentalizing and on semantic cognition, to investigate the degree to which the neural correlates of these two processes are overlapping. The study found consistent neural overlap between the two processes, especially in the bilateral anterior temporal lobe (ATL) and the left temporoparietal junction (TPJ), although they also identified many areas of activation specific to mentalizing. Although we agree with their general conclusion, we investigated to what extent the semantic dataset was actually devoid of social content, and if not, how this would change the results. After careful screening and categorization of the “semantic” material, we found experiments that contained elements of social mentalizing (N = 36) and social action observation (N = 16), apart from nonsocial semantics (N = 46). ALE analyses on the social mentalizing and nonsocial semantic subsets from the original “semantic” full dataset, confirmed that semantic brain areas are activated when processing both social mentalizing and nonsocial semantic content, while mentalizing brain areas are uniquely activated when processing social mentalizing content. Specifically, semantic and mentalizing content activated the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), left middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and posterior medial frontal cortex (pmFC); and also the left ventral temporal lobe, supporting the graded multimodal hub model of semantic cognition. Critically, as we claimed, mentalizing content uniquely activated the temporal pole (TP), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), although activation in the left TPJ was also shared with semantic processes. We conclude that a more careful distinction between social and nonsocial datasets guarantees more sensitive and valid analyses.

Balgova等人（2024）最近进行了一项关于心智化和语义认知的大规模元分析，以调查这两个过程的神经相关物重叠的程度。研究发现，这两个过程之间存在一致的神经重叠，尤其是在双侧颞叶前部（ATL）和左颞顶叶交界处（TPJ），尽管他们也发现了许多特定于心智化的激活区域。虽然我们同意他们的一般结论，但我们调查了语义数据集实际上在多大程度上缺乏社交内容，如果不是，这将如何改变结果。经过对“语义”材料的仔细筛选和分类，我们发现除了非社会语义（N = 46）之外，实验还包含社会心理化（N = 36）和社会行动观察（N = 16）的元素。对原始“语义”完整数据集的社会心理化和非社会语义子集进行ALE分析，证实了在处理社会心理化和非社会语义内容时，语义脑区都被激活，而在处理社会心理化内容时，心理化脑区被唯一激活。具体来说，语义化和心智化内容激活了左侧额下回（IFG）、左侧颞中回（MTG）和后内侧额叶皮层（pmFC）；还有左腹侧颞叶，支持语义认知的分级多模态中枢模型。关键的是，正如我们所声称的那样，思维化内容唯一地激活了颞极（TP），内侧前额叶皮层（mPFC），尽管左侧TPJ的激活也与语义过程共享。我们的结论是，更仔细地区分社会和非社会数据集可以保证更敏感和有效的分析。

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引用次数: 0

Posterior parietal cortex modulates perceptual decisions depending on psychotic phenotype 后顶叶皮层根据精神病表型调节知觉决策。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109348

Francesco Scaramozzino, Ryan McKay, Nicholas Furl

Background

Reduced data-gathering and altered sensory precision are associated with psychotic phenotypes in tasks engaging the posterior parietal cortex (PPC). We investigated whether PPC excitability - modulated via 1 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) - differentially affects these behavioural patterns in high vs. low psychotic phenotypes. Based on prior work, we hypothesised that delusional and hallucinatory traits would moderate TMS effects on sensory precision (proxied by drift rates), while hallucinatory traits would additionally moderate effects on decision thresholds.

Methods

We compared performance in both the random dot motion task (RDM) and the beads task in two groups of participants (total, N = 68) undergoing TMS or sham-TMS over the right PPC. Hierarchical drift-diffusion models estimated drift rates (sensory precision proxies) and decision thresholds. We evaluated differences between TMS and sham-TMS groups and tested for interactions of these TMS groups with delusional and hallucinatory phenotypes.

Results

In RDM, TMS increased decision thresholds compared to sham-TMS in the low psychotic phenotype group. This effect was not present in participants with higher psychotic phenotypes. Drift rates, in contrast, were lowered in participants with higher delusional phenotype. No significant effect was found on beads task performance.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest a causal role of PPC in decisions to end data-gathering during perceptual inference. The absence of this effect in the psychotic phenotype yields new hypotheses on the role of PPC excitability in neural mechanisms underlying decision-making patterns in the psychotic phenotype.

背景：在涉及后顶叶皮质（PPC）的任务中，数据收集减少和感觉精度改变与精神病表型相关。我们研究了通过1hz重复经颅磁刺激（TMS）调节的PPC兴奋性是否会对高和低精神病表型的这些行为模式产生不同的影响。基于先前的工作，我们假设妄想和幻觉特质会调节经颅磁刺激对感觉精度的影响（由漂移率代表），而幻觉特质会额外调节决策阈值的影响。方法：比较经颅磁刺激和假经颅磁刺激两组（共68人）在右侧PPC上的随机点运动任务（RDM）和珠子任务的表现。分层漂移-扩散模型估计漂移率（感觉精度代理）和决策阈值。我们评估了经颅磁刺激组和假经颅磁刺激组之间的差异，并测试了这些经颅磁刺激组与妄想和幻觉表型的相互作用。结果：在RDM中，与假经颅磁刺激相比，低精神病表型组的经颅磁刺激增加了决策阈值。这种效应在具有较高精神病表型的参与者中不存在。相比之下，妄想表型较高的参与者的漂移率较低。无明显影响珠子的任务表现。结论：我们的研究结果表明，PPC在感知推理过程中终止数据收集的决定中起着因果作用。在精神病表型中这种作用的缺失产生了关于PPC兴奋性在精神病表型决策模式的神经机制中的作用的新假设。

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引用次数: 0

Fornix subdivisions and spatial learning: a diffusion MRI study 联合前穹窿参与人类导航学习。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109350

Carl J. Hodgetts , Mark Postans , Angharad N. Williams , Kim S. Graham , Andrew D. Lawrence

The fornix is the major fibre pathway linking the hippocampal formation with distal brain sites. Human and animal lesion studies show that the connections comprising the fornix are vital for specific attributes of episodic and spatial memory. The fornix, however, interconnects the hippocampal formation with an array of subcortical and cortical sites and it is not known which specific connections support spatial-mnemonic function. To address this, utilizing a partly previously published dataset (Hodgetts et al., 2020), we applied a novel deterministic tractography protocol to diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) data from a group of healthy young adult humans who separately completed a desktop-based virtual reality analogue of the Morris water maze task. The tractography protocol enabled the two main parts of the fornix, delineated previously in axonal tracing studies in rodents and primates, to be reconstructed in vivo, namely the pre-commissural fornix (connecting the hippocampus to medial prefrontal cortex and with basal forebrain) and the post-commissural fornix (linking the hippocampus and medial diencephalon). We found that inter-individual differences in pre-commissural – but not, surprisingly, post-commissural – fornix microstructure (indexed by free water corrected fractional anisotropy, FA) were significantly correlated with individual differences in spatial learning, indexed by reduction in search error as individuals learned to navigate to a hidden target location from multiple starting points. Specifically, higher FA in the pre-commissural fornix was associated with faster learning rates. This study provides novel evidence that flexible and/or precise spatial learning involves a hippocampal-basal forebrain/prefrontal network underpinned in part by the pre-commissural fornix.

穹窿是连接海马形成与远端大脑部位的主要纤维通路。人类和动物的损伤研究表明，穹窿的连接对情景和空间记忆的特定属性至关重要。然而，穹窿将海马体与一系列皮层下和皮层部位相互连接，目前尚不清楚哪些特定的连接支持空间记忆功能。为了解决这个问题，我们利用部分先前发表的数据集（Hodgetts et al., 2020），对一组健康的年轻成年人的扩散加权磁共振成像（dMRI）数据应用了一种新的确定性神经束成像协议，这些人分别完成了基于桌面的莫里斯水迷宫任务的虚拟现实模拟。该技术使得之前在啮齿动物和灵长类动物的轴突示迹研究中描绘的穹窿的两个主要部分能够在体内重建，即交前穹窿（连接海马与内侧前额叶皮层和基底前脑）和交后穹窿（连接海马和内侧间脑）。我们发现，相互接触前的穹窿微观结构（以自由水校正分数各向异性，FA为索引）的个体间差异与空间学习的个体差异显著相关，这与个体学习从多个起点导航到隐藏目标位置时搜索误差的减少有关。具体来说，较高的联合穹窿FA与更快的学习速度有关。这项研究提供了新的证据，证明灵活和/或精确的空间学习涉及海马体-基底前脑/前额叶网络，该网络部分由联合前穹窿支撑。

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引用次数: 0

Deep learning approaches to map individual differences in macroscopic neural structure with variations in spatial navigation behavior 深度学习方法在宏观神经结构中映射个体差异与空间导航行为的变化。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109352

Ashish K. Sahoo , Hajymyrat Geldimuradov , Kaleb E. Smith , Aaron Zygala , Yiming Cui , Mahsa Lotfollahi , Kuang Gong , Alina Zare , Steven M. Weisberg

Understanding the association between structural properties of the human brain and individual differences in behavior is an ongoing endeavor, challenged by the brain's complexity. Past approaches, limited by simplistic neural structure measures like brain volume or cortical thickness, have given way to more advanced modeling approaches. Empirical evidence using these simpler metrics occasionally shows that hippocampal structure relates to individual variation in spatial navigation ability, particularly for older individuals or for expert navigators (like London taxi drivers). Yet high-powered, pre-registered studies in typical younger adults revealed no association between hippocampal volume and navigation ability. Here, we follow a data-driven approach developing and comparing deep learning methods (graph convolution neural networks, GCNN; 3DCNN) to analyze whether complex aspects of brain structure predict spatial navigation ability in young populations. To that end, we trained GCNNs and 3DCNNs on a T1 MRI dataset (N = 90) to predict navigational ability as measured by an objective virtual reality test of spatial memory in which participants created as accurate a map as they could of a highly realistic virtual environment. Across all approaches, we found weak predictive value in held-out test data, despite good fits to training data. These results could indicate the need for much larger datasets, including more comprehensive behavioral measures (as this study was limited to one measure) to improve predictability but may also support the notion that hippocampal structural features may not be a primary factor associated with navigation ability in healthy younger adults.

理解人类大脑结构特性与个体行为差异之间的关系是一项持续的努力，受到大脑复杂性的挑战。过去的方法受限于简单的神经结构测量，如脑容量或皮质厚度，已经让位于更先进的建模方法。使用这些简单指标的经验证据偶尔表明，海马体结构与空间导航能力的个体差异有关，特别是对于老年人或专业导航员（如伦敦出租车司机）。然而，在典型的年轻人中进行的高强度、预先登记的研究显示，海马体体积和导航能力之间没有关联。在这里，我们采用数据驱动的方法开发和比较深度学习方法（图卷积神经网络，GCNN, 3DCNN）来分析大脑结构的复杂方面是否可以预测年轻人的空间导航能力。为此，我们在T1 MRI数据集（N=90）上训练gcnn和3dcnn，以通过空间记忆的客观虚拟现实测试来预测导航能力，在该测试中，参与者创建了尽可能准确的地图，他们可以高度逼真的虚拟环境。在所有的方法中，我们发现，尽管与训练数据很吻合，但测试数据的预测价值很弱。这些结果可能表明需要更大的数据集，包括更全面的行为测量（因为本研究仅限于一种测量）来提高可预测性，但也可能支持海马体结构特征可能不是健康年轻人导航能力相关的主要因素的观点。

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引用次数: 0

Bayesian cue combination best predicts straight-line distance estimation with translated visual landmarks 贝叶斯线索组合最好地预测直线距离估计与翻译的视觉标志。

IF 2 3区心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Neuropsychologia

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109351

Abhilasha Vishwanath , Matthew F. Watson , Melanie K. Gin , Donnette C. Markham , Yinqi Huang , Yu K. Du , Arne Ekstrom , Robert C. Wilson

Navigation requires the ability to update and track one's location and course from available multisensory information. Multisensory input comes in two prominent forms: body-based idiothetic cues and visual allothetic cues, usually from visual landmarks. Yet, how these two streams of information are integrated remains unresolved. In this study, we used a highly controlled straight-line distance estimation task in immersive virtual reality to investigate how idiothetic and allothetic spatial cues are integrated. In our experiment, participants reproduced a walked distance in the dark (path integration), with some trials involving misleading visual feedback showing a translated virtual room with an offset of up to 1.5 m from the true distance. We used computational modeling to determine the effect of visual feedback offset on the distance participants walked. We modelled participants' performance on the task with three distinct models involving path integration, landmark navigation, and integrating landmark feedback based on the uncertainty of the participant. The model results showed that the behavior of most participants (n = 24) was best predicted by a Bayesian cue combination model that involved averaging the two spatial cues according to their perceived level of uncertainty. Our data showed considerable individual differences in the uncertainty estimates of participants, which spanned almost uniformly from pure path integration (ignoring the visual cue) to pure landmark navigation (ignoring path integration estimate). Taken together these findings provide evidence in favor of Bayesian cue combination strategy in distance reproduction with individual differences in navigation behavior dictated by perceived level of uncertainty.

导航需要从可用的多感官信息中更新和跟踪自己的位置和路线的能力。多感官输入有两种主要形式：基于身体的独特线索和视觉同种线索，通常来自视觉地标。然而，如何整合这两种信息流仍未得到解决。在这项研究中，我们在沉浸式虚拟现实中使用高度控制的直线距离估计任务来研究独特和异体空间线索是如何整合的。在我们的实验中，参与者在黑暗中再现了步行距离（路径整合），其中一些试验涉及误导性的视觉反馈，显示了一个与真实距离相差1.5米的虚拟房间。我们使用计算模型来确定视觉反馈偏移对参与者步行距离的影响。我们用路径整合、地标导航和基于参与者不确定性的地标反馈三种不同的模型来模拟参与者在任务中的表现。模型结果表明，大多数参与者（n = 24）的行为最能被贝叶斯线索组合模型预测，该模型包括根据他们感知的不确定性水平平均两个空间线索。我们的数据显示，参与者的不确定性估计存在相当大的个体差异，从纯粹的路径整合（忽略视觉线索）到纯粹的地标导航（忽略路径整合估计）几乎一致。综上所述，这些发现为贝叶斯线索组合策略在距离繁殖中的应用提供了证据，这种策略受感知不确定性水平的影响，在导航行为上存在个体差异。

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