NeuroImage最新文献_第10页

Longitudinal P2X7R and myelin PET reveal distinct neuroinflammatory and white matter signatures compared with TSPO PET and DTI-MRI in the TgF344-AD rat model 在TgF344-AD大鼠模型中，与TSPO PET和DTI-MRI相比，纵向P2X7R和髓磷脂PET显示出不同的神经炎症和白质特征。

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING

NeuroImage

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121753

Oscar Moreno , Izaro Fernández , Sandra Plaza-García , Daniel Padro , Zuriñe Baz , Pedro Ramos-Cabrer , Abraham Martín , Jordi Llop

Emerging evidence links glial activation, particularly microglia, to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression. While TSPO PET (positron emission tomography) imaging detects neuroinflammation, its limitations drive interest in alternative targets like the P2X7 receptor. Myelin loss, potentially tied to chronic inflammation, is increasingly recognized as a key hallmark in AD, though the timing and relationship between neuroinflammation and demyelination remain poorly understood.

We conducted a longitudinal PET study from 4 to 22 months of age in TgF344-AD rats and wild-type controls to assess neuroinflammation with [¹⁸F]JNJ-64413739 (P2X7R) and [¹⁸F]DPA-714 (TSPO) only at 22 months, alongside myelin content using [¹⁸F]Florbetaben. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to study variations on myelin structure in old AD and WT rats. In vitro studies, including autoradiography, immunofluorescence and staining were used to support the in vivo results.

[¹⁸F]JNJ-64413739 PET showed increased P2X7 receptor expression in AD and control animals over time, while [¹⁸F]DPA-714 PET showed significant differences between groups at 22 months. [¹⁸F]Florbetaben PET showed different uptake in white matter rich areas between groups with observed demyelination in AD rats at 20 months in the brain stem, supported by diffusional MRI findings.

In our study, P2X7R overexpression was attributed to aging rather than genotype effects, and no link was found to the observed demyelination in AD rats. Conversely, increased TSPO neuroinflammation in TgF344-AD rats correlated with myelin loss and the reported cognitive decline in this model. Our results support the use of the TgF344-AD model to study early AD pathology, focusing on neuroinflammation and white matter integrity.

新出现的证据表明，神经胶质细胞的激活，特别是小胶质细胞，与阿尔茨海默病（AD）的进展有关。虽然TSPO PET（正电子发射断层扫描）成像检测神经炎症，但其局限性促使人们对P2X7受体等替代靶标感兴趣。髓磷脂丢失，可能与慢性炎症有关，越来越被认为是阿尔茨海默病的一个关键标志，尽管神经炎症和脱髓鞘之间的时间和关系仍然知之甚少。我们在TgF344-AD大鼠和野生型对照中进行了4至22月龄的纵向PET研究，仅在22月龄时使用[18F]JNJ-64413739 （P2X7R）和[18F]DPA-714 （TSPO）评估神经炎症，同时使用[18F]Florbetaben评估髓磷脂含量。采用弥散张量成像（DTI）研究老年AD和WT大鼠髓鞘结构的变化。体外研究，包括放射自显影，免疫荧光和染色被用来支持体内的结果。[18F]JNJ-64413739 PET显示，随着时间的推移，AD和对照动物的P2X7受体表达增加，而[18F]DPA-714 PET在22个月时组间差异显著。[18F]弥散性MRI结果支持了20月龄AD大鼠脑干脱髓鞘组间富白质区Florbetaben PET摄取的差异。在我们的研究中，P2X7R过表达归因于衰老而不是基因型效应，并且没有发现与AD大鼠观察到的脱髓鞘有关。相反，TgF344-AD大鼠的TSPO神经炎症增加与髓磷脂丢失和该模型中报道的认知能力下降相关。我们的研究结果支持使用TgF344-AD模型来研究早期AD病理，重点关注神经炎症和白质完整性。

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引用次数: 0

A nap can recalibrate homeostatic and associative synaptic plasticity in the human cortex 小睡可以重新校准人类皮层内稳态和联合突触的可塑性。

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING

NeuroImage

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121723

Kristoffer D. Fehér , Pauline Henckaerts , Valentin Hirsch , Ulrike Bucsenez , Marion Kuhn , Jonathan G. Maier , Carlotta L. Schneider , Elisabeth Hertenstein , Christian Mikutta , Dieter Riemann , Bernd Feige , Christoph Nissen

Background

Nighttime sleep renormalizes net synaptic strength (homeostatic plasticity) and the inducibility of long-term potentiation (LTP)-like plasticity (associative plasticity) in the cortex. However, whether an afternoon nap is sufficient for this process remains to be characterized.

Methods

Twenty healthy adults participated in a repeated measures sleep laboratory study with an adaptation and two experimental sessions – nap and wake (1:15–2:15 pm). After the nap or wake session, non-invasive indices of net synaptic strength (indexed by transcranial magnetic stimulation, TMS-probed corticospinal excitability and wake EEG theta activity) and inducibility of LTP-like plasticity (indexed by TMS-induced motor evoked potentials, MEPs, following paired associative stimulation, PAS) were assessed.

Results

We observed indices of reduced net synaptic strength after sleep compared to wakefulness, evidenced by a higher TMS intensity needed to induce MEPs and reduced wake EEG theta activity. Additionally, we observed an increase in the inducibility of associative synaptic plasticity after sleep, as evidenced by a greater increase in TMS-induced MEPs in response to PAS.

Conclusions

The study reinforces the restorative effect of sleep for homeostatic and associative synaptic plasticity in the human cortex and demonstrates that even a short nap can promote this process.

背景：夜间睡眠使皮层的突触强度（稳态可塑性）和长时程增强（LTP）样可塑性（联想可塑性）的诱导性重新规范化。然而，午睡是否足以促进这一过程还有待研究。方法：20名健康成人参加了重复测量睡眠实验室研究，包括适应和两个实验时段-午睡和醒来（下午1:15-2:15）。在小睡或清醒时段后，评估净突触强度（经颅磁刺激，经颅磁刺激探测的皮质脊髓兴奋性和清醒脑电图θ活动）和ltp样可塑性诱导性（经颅磁刺激诱导的运动诱发电位，MEPs，配对联想刺激，PAS）的非侵入性指标。结果：与清醒时相比，我们观察到睡眠后净突触强度的指标降低，这可以通过诱发mep所需的更高的TMS强度和清醒时EEG θ活动的减少来证明。此外，我们观察到睡眠后联想突触可塑性的诱导性增加，正如tms诱导的MEPs在PAS反应中更大的增加所证明的那样。结论：该研究强化了睡眠对人类皮层内稳态和联合突触可塑性的恢复作用，并证明即使是短暂的午睡也能促进这一过程。

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引用次数: 0

An intracranial insight into (the timing of) the action observation network 对动作观察网络（时间）的颅内洞察。

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING

NeuroImage

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121714

Maria Del Vecchio , Fausto Caruana , Flavia Maria Zauli , Veronica Pelliccia , Ivana Sartori , Piergiorgio d’Orio , Francesca Talami , Simone Del Sorbo , Davide Albertini , Giacomo Rizzolatti , Pietro Avanzini

The Action Observation Network (AON) is a large-scale brain network that supports the perceptual encoding and recognition of actions performed by others. The identification of the nodes of the human AON has been clarified over the past 30 years thanks to the high spatial resolution of neuroimaging techniques. The temporal dynamics underpinning their activations is in contrast still unsettled, because of methodological constraints. Here we investigate the timing of the AON components by intracranially recording gamma-band oscillations from 23 drug-resistant epileptic patients during the observation, and execution, of naturalistic, complex actions (including reaching, grasping, and object manipulation). Our analysis enabled us to decompose the AON into 10 distinct spatio-temporal clusters, five of which are composed of multiple cortical territories that are synergistically activated. The resulting four-dimensional representation of the AON, examined alongside its counterpart during the execution of the same action, highlights the specific functions fulfilled by each territory, distinguishing regions that process lower-order visual aspects from those that mirror specific aspects of the action. These include two spatio-temporal clusters located in dorsal and ventral fronto-parieto-temporal territories, specifically encoding the reaching phase (dorsal) and the object-contact phase (ventral). A third cluster, confined to the posterior perisylvian region, is associated with object manipulation. Overall, our work brings out the overlooked temporal details of the AON in humans and assesses their relationship with the execution of a real-time full-fledged action, spotlighting the importance of a fourth dimension in investigating the motor system.

动作观察网络（AON）是一个支持感知编码和识别他人行为的大规模大脑网络。在过去的30年里，由于神经成像技术的高空间分辨率，人类AON节点的识别已经得到了澄清。相比之下，由于方法上的限制，支撑它们激活的时间动态仍然不确定。在这里，我们通过记录23例耐药癫痫患者在观察和执行自然的复杂动作（包括伸手、抓握和物体操作）时的颅内伽马波段振荡来研究AON成分的时间。我们的分析使我们能够将AON分解为10个不同的时空簇，其中5个由多个协同激活的皮质区域组成。在执行同一动作时，将AON的四维表示与对应的AON一起检查，突出了每个区域所完成的特定功能，将处理低阶视觉方面的区域与反映动作特定方面的区域区分开来。其中包括位于背侧和腹侧额顶颞区域的两个时空集群，具体编码到达阶段（背侧）和物体接触阶段（腹侧）。第三个集群，局限于后骨盆区，与物体操作有关。总的来说，我们的工作揭示了人类AON被忽视的时间细节，并评估了它们与实时全面行动执行的关系，突出了第四个维度在研究运动系统中的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Temporal evolution of neural codes: The added value of a geometric approach to linear coefficients 神经编码的时间演化：线性系数几何方法的附加价值。

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING

NeuroImage

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121737

Théo Desbordes , Itsaso Olasagasti , Nicolas Piron , Sophie Schwartz , Nina Kazanina

Multivariate decoding analyses have become a cornerstone method in cognitive neuroscience. When applied to time-resolved brain imaging signals, they provide insights into the temporal dynamics of information processing in the brain. In particular, the temporal generalization (TG) method—where a decoder trained at one time point is tested on others—is commonly used to assess the stability of neural representations over time. However, TG performance can be ambiguous: distinct representational dynamics—such as sparse versus distributed activity, or scaling of activity versus recruitment of new units—can yield similar TG matrices. Moreover, even when generalization is strong, underlying neural representations may still be evolving in ways that TG alone fails to reveal. This ambiguity of performance profiles can mask meaningful changes in the geometry of neural representations. In this study, we use controlled simulations to demonstrate how different dynamic processes can produce indistinguishable TG profiles. To resolve these ambiguities, we propose a complementary approach based on the geometry of the learned linear coefficients. Specifically, we quantify the Rotation Angle θ between decision subspaces (with cosine similarity) and the Feature Density

α

(capturing whether feature contributions are distributed or sparse). Together, these measures complement TG analyses, revealing how neural representations evolve in space and time. Beyond time-resolved decoding, our approach applies broadly to any linear model, offering a geometric perspective on representational dynamics.

多元解码分析已成为认知神经科学的基础方法。当应用于时间分辨率的大脑成像信号时，它们提供了对大脑信息处理的时间动态的见解。特别是，时间泛化（TG）方法-在一个时间点训练的解码器在其他时间点进行测试-通常用于评估神经表征随时间的稳定性。然而，TG性能可能是模糊的：不同的表征动态—例如稀疏与分布式活动，或活动的缩放与新单元的招募—可以产生相似的TG矩阵。此外，即使泛化很强，潜在的神经表征可能仍在以单TG无法揭示的方式进化。性能概况的这种模糊性可以掩盖神经表征几何结构中有意义的变化。在这项研究中，我们使用控制模拟来证明不同的动态过程如何产生难以区分的TG剖面。为了解决这些歧义，我们提出了一种基于学习到的线性系数几何的互补方法。具体来说，我们量化了决策子空间（具有余弦相似度）和特征密度α（捕获特征贡献是分布的还是稀疏的）之间的旋转角θ。总之，这些措施补充了TG分析，揭示了神经表征如何在空间和时间上进化。除了时间分辨解码之外，我们的方法广泛适用于任何线性模型，提供了表征动态的几何视角。

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引用次数: 0

BTS-Net: Barlow twins-based superresolution for 7T human brain MRI BTS-Net：基于Barlow双胞胎的7T人脑MRI超分辨率

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING

NeuroImage

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121717

Youho Myong , Dan Yoon , Young Gyun Kim , Yongsik Sim , Jee-Hyun Cho , Youngkyu Song , Minwoo Cho , Byung-Mo Oh , Sungwan Kim

This study aimed to develop and validate a Barlow Twins-based superresolution diffusion network (BTS-Net) for 7T human brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) superresolution (SR). A paired 3T-7T human brain MRI database was constructed from 50 healthy adult participants (26 females; 52.0%; age range: 27–68 years; median age: 38 years), with anonymized scans. To develop BTS-Net, we employed Barlow Twins, a self-supervised learning (SSL) method, in a latent diffusion model (LDM) to enhance feature representation learning for SR from 3T MRI to 7T-like (BTS-7T) MRI. The image quality of the 3T, 7T, LDM-7T, and BTS-7T MRI was evaluated using the peak signal-to-noise ratio, structural similarity index measure, and normalized root mean squared error. The paired t-test was used to evaluate the mean difference between each imaging group. The three-dimensional structural fidelity was evaluated in 14 anatomical regions (the bilateral thalamus, caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, hippocampus, amygdala, and nucleus accumbens) using voxel-based morphometry. An external dataset consisting of 10 healthy participants was used to validate BTS-Net by performing identical SR, image quality, and volumetric analyses. In both the in-house and external validation datasets, BTS-7T MRI exhibited superior image quality across all three metrics compared to 3T MRI. Ground-truth-based error maps showed that BTS-7T images displayed qualitatively improved anatomical fidelity compared to 3T images. There were no statistically significant differences in volumetry between 10 (in-house) and 11 (validation) of the 14 anatomical regions. The right hippocampus, putamen, and amygdala volumes showed significantly higher agreement in BTS-7T images of the in-house dataset; whereas the bilateral putamen, right thalamus and amygdala volumes showed significantly higher agreement in the validation dataset. This study highlights the potential of BTS-Net to enhance both qualitative visualization and quantitative analysis of 3T brain MRI, with possible applicability to early neurodegenerative conditions characterized by subtle morphological changes. Therefore, additional research using larger patient datasets could aid the possible adoption of this technology in clinical settings.

本研究旨在开发和验证基于Barlow twins的7T人脑磁共振成像（MRI）超分辨率扩散网络（BTS-Net）。对50名健康成人（女性26名，占52.0%，年龄27-68岁，中位年龄38岁）进行匿名扫描，构建配对3T-7T人脑MRI数据库。为了开发BTS-Net，我们在潜在扩散模型（LDM）中采用Barlow Twins（一种自监督学习（SSL）方法）来增强SR从3T MRI到7t (BTS-7T) MRI的特征表示学习。采用峰值信噪比、结构相似度指标和归一化均方根误差对3T、7T、LDM-7T和BTS-7T MRI的图像质量进行评价。采用配对t检验评价各成像组间的平均差异。使用基于体素的形态测量技术评估了14个解剖区域（双侧丘脑、尾状核、壳核、苍白球、海马、杏仁核和伏隔核）的三维结构保真度。使用由10名健康参与者组成的外部数据集，通过执行相同的SR、图像质量和体积分析来验证BTS-Net。在内部和外部验证数据集中，与3T MRI相比，BTS-7T MRI在所有三个指标上都表现出优越的图像质量。基于地面真实的误差图显示，与3T图像相比，BTS-7T图像的解剖保真度在质量上有所提高。在14个解剖区域中，10个（内部）和11个（验证）在体积测量上没有统计学上的显著差异。内部数据集的BTS-7T图像显示，右侧海马体、壳核和杏仁核体积的一致性显著提高；而在验证数据集中，双侧壳核、右丘脑和杏仁核的体积显示出更高的一致性。本研究强调了BTS-Net在增强3T脑MRI定性可视化和定量分析方面的潜力，可能适用于以细微形态变化为特征的早期神经退行性疾病。因此，使用更大的患者数据集的额外研究可能有助于在临床环境中采用该技术。

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引用次数: 0

Spinal cord stimulation improves brain connectivity and consciousness level in patients with disorders of consciousness 脊髓刺激可改善意识障碍患者的大脑连通性和意识水平。

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING

NeuroImage

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121694

Adilijiang Aihemaitiniyazi , Tiemin Li , Huawei Zhang , Da Wei , Pu Cai , Wei Wang , Guoming Luan , Yong Wang , Changqing Liu

Objective

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is an advanced neuromodulation technology in disorders of consciousness (DOC) field. However, research on the modulation effects and mechanisms of SCS is limited.

Method

We proposed a study design (SCS and sham) to study the short-term effects of 20 minutes’ SCS, in which resting state EEG and Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) were used to measure the changes in neural and behavioral activity caused by SCS. We used the Genuine Permutation Cross Mutual Information(G_PCMI) to analyze EEG data and study changes in cortical connectivity during SCS. Finally, all patients’ CRS-R results were obtained after 6 months’ SCS treatment.

Results

Short-term SCS (20 min) did not alter the patient's CRS-R score, but long-term SCS (6 months) can improve the CRS-R scores of all patients. EEG results show G_PCMI of the frontal and central brain regions significantly change before and after short-term SCS (p < 0.01) and PCMI of the F-P, F-O regions have significant differences before and after short-term SCS (p < 0.05). Besides, the G_PCMI changes in frontal, parietal, F-P and F-O regions show a significant positive correlation with CRS-R changes (r = 0.80, 0.66, 0.68 and 0.72; p < 0.05). However, the sham group showed no significant G_PCMI changes.

Conclusion

SCS can improve the awareness level of DOC patients. SCS improves cortical short- and long-distance connectivity of DOC patients may contribute the improvement of consciousness level.

目的：脊髓刺激（SCS）是意识障碍（DOC）领域的一种先进的神经调节技术。然而，对SCS的调节作用和机制的研究还很有限。方法：采用静息状态脑电图（EEG）和昏迷恢复量表（CRS-R）测量脑电刺激引起的神经和行为活动变化，研究20分钟脑电刺激的短期效应。我们利用真排列交叉互信息（G_PCMI）分析脑电数据，研究脑皮层连通性的变化。最后，所有患者在SCS治疗6个月后获得CRS-R结果。结果：短期SCS（20分钟）未改变患者的CRS-R评分，而长期SCS（6个月）可改善所有患者的CRS-R评分。脑电图结果显示，短期SCS前后脑额区和中央区G_PCMI变化显著(p结论：SCS可提高DOC患者的认知水平。SCS改善DOC患者的皮层近距离和远距离连通性可能有助于意识水平的提高。

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引用次数: 0

Standardized quantification of [18F]Florbetazine amyloid PET with the Centiloid scale 用Centiloid量表对[18F]Florbetazine淀粉样PET进行标准化定量

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING

NeuroImage

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121746

Meiqi Wu , Menglin Liang , Chenhui Mao , Liling Dong , Qi Ge , Yuying Li , Jingnan Wang , Chao Ren , Haiqiong Zhang , Zhenghai Huang , Haiqun Xing , Xueqian Yang , Yuan Wang , Runze Wu , Feng Feng , Mengchao Cui , Jing Gao , Li Huo

[¹⁸F]Florbetazine ([¹⁸F]FBZ) is a novel Aβ tracer with imaging characteristics similar to [¹¹C]PiB. This study aimed to establish Centiloid conversion equations for [¹⁸F]FBZ and to evaluate its quantification precision relative to [¹¹C]PiB across different image-processing pipelines and effective image resolutions (EIRs).

Methods

Paired [¹¹C]PiB and [¹⁸F]FBZ PET scans were acquired in 53 participants. Centiloid conversion equations for [¹⁸F]FBZ standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR), derived from both the standard SPM pipeline and a FreeSurfer pipeline, were calculated following the Level-2 analysis proposed by Klunk et al. The variance ratio of Centiloids derived from [¹⁸F]FBZ SUVR to those derived from standard [¹¹C]PiB SUVR in YCs was computed to compare quantification precision. Additionally, the linear relationships between [¹⁸F]FBZ and [¹¹C]PiB SUVR were evaluated under different EIRs.

Results

The Centiloid conversion equation for [¹⁸F]FBZ SUVR using the standard SPM pipeline was: Centiloid=98.6 × [¹⁸F]FBZ SUVR_std–99.8 (variance ratio=0.92). For the FreeSurfer pipeline, the conversion was: Centiloid=110.1 × [¹⁸F]FBZ SUVR_fs–108.1 (variance ratio=0.55). Robust linear correlations between [¹¹C]PiB and [¹⁸F]FBZ SUVR were observed across EIRs with the SPM pipeline, whereas regression parameters varied across EIRs with the FreeSurfer pipeline.

Conclusion

[¹⁸F]Florbetazine SUVR can be reliably converted to Centiloid units. Compared with [¹¹C]PiB, [¹⁸F]FBZ demonstrated equal or improved quantification precision, supporting its broader use in clinical and research Aβ imaging.

[18F]Florbetazine （[18F]FBZ）是一种新型的a β示踪剂，其成像特征与[11C]PiB相似。本研究旨在建立[18F]FBZ的Centiloid转换方程，并评估其在不同图像处理管道和有效图像分辨率（eir）下相对于[11C]PiB的量化精度。方法对53例患者进行[11C]PiB和[18F]FBZ PET扫描。根据Klunk等人提出的Level-2分析，计算了[18F]FBZ标准化吸收值比（SUVR）的Centiloid转换方程，该方程来自标准SPM管道和FreeSurfer管道。计算YCs中[18F]FBZ SUVR与标准[11C]PiB SUVR的厘体方差比，比较量化精度。此外，我们还评估了[18F]FBZ与[11C]PiB SUVR在不同eir下的线性关系。结果[18F]FBZ SUVR采用标准SPM流水线的Centiloid转换方程为：Centiloid=98.6 × [18F]FBZ SUVRstd-99.8（方差比=0.92）。对于FreeSurfer管道，转换为：Centiloid=110.1 × [18F]FBZ SUVRfs-108.1（方差比=0.55）。在使用SPM管道的eir中，[11C]PiB和[18F]FBZ SUVR之间存在稳健的线性相关性，而在使用FreeSurfer管道的eir中，回归参数有所不同。结论[18F]Florbetazine SUVR可以可靠地转换成Centiloid单位。与[11C]PiB相比，[18F]FBZ具有相同或更高的定量精度，支持其在临床和研究Aβ成像中的广泛应用。

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引用次数: 0

Multimodal quantitative MRI reveals age-related biophysical alterations in the human brain across the adult lifespan 多模态定量MRI揭示了人类大脑在整个成人寿命中与年龄相关的生物物理变化

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING

NeuroImage

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121742

Xiang Chen , Zhiyuan Yuan , Jie Zhang , Xiao-Yong Zhang

Understanding how brain tissue properties change with age is crucial for identifying early markers of neurodegenerative disease. However, the biophysical alterations and their molecular bases remain poorly understood. Quantitative MRI (qMRI) offers non-invasive insight into brain tissue properties. In this study, we employed three qMRI metrics—quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), longitudinal relaxation rate (R1), and effective transverse relaxation rate (R2*)—to investigate age-related brain changes across the adult lifespan. Applying linear and nonlinear modeling, we observed distinct patterns of cross-sectional age-related biophysical alterations (early, late, and inverted-U patterns) in the human brain. Predictive modeling identified subcortical and thalamic regions as key contributors to age estimation. Integrating transcriptomic data revealed that these imaging-derived patterns spatially co-localize with gene expression signatures enriched in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative pathways. Our study advances current understanding by integrating multimodal qMRI age-related patterns and transcriptomics, uncovering distinct aging patterns, candidate age-sensitive imaging features that warrant further validation, and their potential molecular underpinnings.

了解脑组织特性如何随年龄变化对于识别神经退行性疾病的早期标志物至关重要。然而，生物物理变化及其分子基础仍然知之甚少。定量MRI （qMRI）提供了对脑组织特性的非侵入性洞察。在这项研究中，我们使用了三个qMRI指标——定量易感性映射（QSM）、纵向弛豫率（R1）和有效横向弛豫率（R2*）——来研究成人一生中与年龄相关的大脑变化。应用线性和非线性模型，我们观察到人类大脑中与年龄相关的横断面生物物理改变的不同模式（早期、晚期和倒u型模式）。预测模型确定皮层下和丘脑区域是年龄估计的关键因素。整合转录组学数据显示，这些成像衍生模式在空间上与神经发育和神经退行性通路中丰富的基因表达特征共定位。我们的研究通过整合多模态qMRI年龄相关模式和转录组学，揭示了不同的衰老模式，候选年龄敏感成像特征，需要进一步验证，以及它们潜在的分子基础，从而推进了目前的理解。

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引用次数: 0

The evaluation of DUNE: a U-Net-based neural network to denoise multi-echo fMRI data 基于u - net的神经网络对多回波fMRI数据去噪的评价

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING

NeuroImage

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121749

Peter Van Schuerbeek , Manon Roose , Alina Monica Ionescu , Maarten Naeyaert , Hubert Raeymaekers

Task based fMRI data suffers from scanner and physiologic noise. Consequently, finding the task based BOLD responses out of the noise is challenging. To improve the power to detect the BOLD responses, multi-echo (ME) fMRI combined with ICA based denoising (MEICA) and single-echo (SE) fMRI at high temporal resolution (<1 s) have been introduced. Both techniques have been found to give better activation maps than a traditional fMRI experiment at low temporal resolution (1.5–3 s).

In this study, we introduced a new U-shaped convolutional neural network DUNE to denoise ME-fMRI data as an alternative to MEICA in 2 ME-fMRI experiments. The resulting activation maps found after denoising with DUNE were compared with those found after denoising with MEICA and similar SE-fMRI experiments at high temporal resolution.

Our results revealed that DUNE was successful in reducing the noise while preserving the BOLD effects of interest comparable to MEICA and SE-fMRI. This latter result showed the potential of using a U-shaped convolutional neural network DUNE to denoise ME-fMRI data.

基于任务的fMRI数据受到扫描噪声和生理噪声的影响。因此，从噪声中找到基于任务的BOLD响应是具有挑战性的。为了提高检测BOLD响应的能力，多回波（ME） fMRI结合基于ICA的去噪（MEICA）和高时间分辨率（<1 s）的单回波（SE） fMRI被引入。在低时间分辨率（1.5-3秒）下，这两种技术都比传统的fMRI实验提供了更好的激活图。在这项研究中，我们引入了一种新的u形卷积神经网络DUNE来对ME-fMRI数据进行降噪，作为2个ME-fMRI实验中MEICA的替代方案。将DUNE去噪后得到的激活图与MEICA去噪和类似SE-fMRI实验在高时间分辨率下得到的激活图进行比较。我们的研究结果表明，DUNE成功地降低了噪声，同时保留了与MEICA和SE-fMRI相当的感兴趣的BOLD效果。后一个结果显示了使用u形卷积神经网络DUNE去噪ME-fMRI数据的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Functional brain-to-brain transformation without shared stimuli 没有共享刺激的功能性脑对脑转换

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING

NeuroImage

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121741

Navve Wasserman, Roman Beliy, Roy Urbach, Michal Irani

Combining Functional MRI (fMRI) data across different subjects and datasets is crucial for many neuroscience tasks. Relying solely on shared anatomy for brain-to-brain mapping is inadequate. Existing functional transformation methods thus depend on shared stimuli across subjects and fMRI datasets, which are often unavailable. In this paper, we propose an approach for computing functional brain-to-brain transformations without any shared data (stimuli), a feat not previously achieved in functional transformations. This presents exciting research prospects for merging and enriching diverse datasets, even when they involve distinct stimuli that were collected using different fMRI machines of varying resolutions (e.g., 3-Tesla and 7-Tesla). Our approach combines brain-to-brain transformation with Image-to-fMRI encoders, thus enabling to learn functional transformations on visual stimuli to which subjects were never exposed. Furthermore, we demonstrate the applicability of our method for improving Image-to-fMRI encoding of subjects scanned on older low-resolution 3T fMRI datasets, by using a new high-resolution 7T fMRI dataset (scanned on different subjects and different stimuli). Altogether, we provide a general framework for functional alignment across individuals and datasets without any shared stimuli, opening new possibilities for integrating and leveraging the diversity of many existing fMRI collections.

结合不同学科和数据集的功能磁共振成像（fMRI）数据对于许多神经科学任务至关重要。仅仅依靠共享的解剖结构来绘制脑对脑图是不够的。因此，现有的功能转换方法依赖于受试者之间的共享刺激和fMRI数据集，而这些数据通常不可用。在本文中，我们提出了一种在没有任何共享数据（刺激）的情况下计算功能性脑到脑转换的方法，这是以前在功能转换中未实现的壮举。这为合并和丰富不同数据集提供了令人兴奋的研究前景，即使它们涉及使用不同分辨率的不同fMRI机器收集的不同刺激（例如，3-特斯拉和7-特斯拉）。我们的方法将脑到脑转换与图像到功能磁共振成像编码器相结合，从而能够学习受试者从未接触过的视觉刺激的功能转换。此外，我们通过使用新的高分辨率7T fMRI数据集（在不同受试者和不同刺激上扫描），证明了我们的方法在改进在旧的低分辨率3T fMRI数据集上扫描的受试者的图像到功能磁共振成像编码方面的适用性。总之，我们为跨个体和数据集的功能校准提供了一个通用框架，而无需任何共享刺激，为整合和利用许多现有fMRI集合的多样性开辟了新的可能性。

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引用次数: 0