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Individual contralesional recruitment in the context of structural reserve in early motor reorganization after stroke 中风后早期运动重组中结构储备背景下的个体对侧招募
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120828
Maike Mustin , Lukas Hensel , Gereon R. Fink , Christian Grefkes , Caroline Tscherpel

The concept of structural reserve in stroke reorganization assumes that the relevance of the contralesional hemisphere strongly depends on the brain tissue spared by the lesion in the affected hemisphere. Recent studies, however, have indicated that the contralesional hemisphere's impact exhibits region-specific variability with concurrently existing maladaptive and supportive influences. This challenges traditional views, necessitating a nuanced investigation of contralesional motor areas and their interaction with ipsilesional networks.

Our study focused on the functional role of contralesional key motor areas and lesion-induced connectome disruption early after stroke.

Online TMS data of twenty-five stroke patients was analyzed to disentangle interindividual differences in the functional roles of contralesional primary motor cortex (M1), dorsal premotor cortex (dPMC), and anterior interparietal sulcus (aIPS) for motor function. Connectome-based lesion symptom mapping and corticospinal tract lesion quantification were used to investigate how TMS effects depend on ipsilesional structural network properties.

At group and individual levels, TMS interference with contralesional M1 and aIPS but not dPMC led to improved performance early after stroke. At the connectome level, a more disturbing role of contralesional M1 was related to a more severe disruption of the structural integrity of ipsilesional M1 in the affected motor network. In contrast, a detrimental influence of contralesional aIPS was linked to less disruption of the ipsilesional M1 connectivity.

Our findings indicate that contralesional areas distinctively interfere with motor performance early after stroke depending on ipsilesional structural integrity, extending the concept of structural reserve to regional specificity in recovery of function.

卒中重组中的结构储备概念假定,对侧半球的相关性很大程度上取决于受累半球因病变而幸免于难的脑组织。然而,最近的研究表明,对侧半球的影响具有区域特异性,同时存在适应不良和支持性影响。我们的研究重点是对侧关键运动区的功能作用以及中风后早期病变引起的连接组破坏。我们分析了25名中风患者的在线TMS数据,以区分对侧初级运动皮层(M1)、背侧运动前皮层(dPMC)和顶叶前沟(aIPS)对运动功能的功能作用的个体差异。研究人员利用基于连接组的病变症状图谱和皮质脊髓束病变量化方法,研究了TMS效应如何依赖于同侧结构网络特性。在群体和个体水平上,TMS干扰对侧M1和aIPS而非dPMC可改善中风后早期的表现。在连接组水平上,对侧 M1 的干扰作用与受影响运动网络中同侧 M1 结构完整性的严重破坏有关。我们的研究结果表明,对侧区域对中风后早期运动表现的干扰取决于同侧结构的完整性,这将结构储备的概念扩展到了功能恢复的区域特异性。
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引用次数: 0
High autistic traits linked with reduced performance on affective task switching: An ERP study 高度自闭症特质与情感任务转换表现下降有关:ERP 研究。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120855
Siyuan Zhou , Zongping Chen , Gang Liu , Lingfei Ma , Ya Liu
Few studies have investigated affective flexibility in individuals with high autistic traits. In the present study, we employed affective task-switching paradigm combined with event related potential (ERP) technology to explore affective flexibility in individuals with high autistic traits. Participants were instructed to switch between identifying the gender (gender task) and emotion (emotion task) of presented faces. Two groups of participants were recruited based on the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) scores: a High Autistic Group (HAG) and a Low Autistic Group (LAG). The results confirmed that the HAG exhibited greater behavioral emotion switch costs and increased N2 and decreased P3 components when switching to the emotion task. Additionally, we identified an affective asymmetric switch cost in the HAG, where the switch cost for the emotion task was larger than for the gender task at both behavioral and electrophysiological levels. In contrast, a symmetrical switch cost was observed in the LAG. These findings indicate that the HAG experiences difficulties with affective flexibility, particularly in tasks involving emotional processing. The patterns of affective asymmetric switch costs observed in both groups differed from previous results in autistic children and the general population, suggesting that the relative dominance of gender and emotion tasks may vary between the two groups. We propose that the dominance of emotion tasks declines as autistic traits increase.
很少有研究调查高度自闭症患者的情感灵活性。在本研究中,我们采用了情感任务转换范式,并结合事件相关电位(ERP)技术来探讨高度自闭症患者的情感灵活性。受试者被要求在识别所呈现人脸的性别(性别任务)和情绪(情绪任务)之间进行切换。研究人员根据自闭症谱系商数(AQ)评分招募了两组参与者:高度自闭症组(HAG)和低度自闭症组(LAG)。结果证实,高自闭症组表现出更高的行为情绪转换成本,在转换到情绪任务时,N2成分增加,P3成分减少。此外,我们还在 HAG 中发现了情感非对称转换成本,即在行为和电生理水平上,情感任务的转换成本均大于性别任务的转换成本。相比之下,在 LAG 中则观察到了对称的转换成本。这些发现表明,HAG 在情感灵活性方面存在困难,尤其是在涉及情感处理的任务中。在这两个群体中观察到的情感非对称转换成本模式与之前在自闭症儿童和普通人群中观察到的结果不同,这表明性别和情感任务的相对主导地位可能在这两个群体中有所不同。我们认为,随着自闭症特征的增加,情绪任务的主导地位也会下降。
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引用次数: 0
Semi-analytic three-shell forward calculation for magnetoencephalography 脑磁图的半解析三壳正向计算
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120836
Dionysia Kaziki, Guido Nolte

In previous studies, the magnetic lead field theorem in the quasi-static approximation was derived and used for the development of a method for the forward problem of MEG. It was applied and tested on a single-shell model of the human head and the question whether one shell is adequate enough for the calculation of the magnetic field is the main reason for this study. This forward method is based on the fundamental concept that one can calculate the lead field for MEG by decomposing it into two parts: the lead field of an arbitrary volume conductor that is already known and the gradient of basis functions that have to be harmonic, here derived from spherical harmonics. The problem then is reduced to evaluating the coefficients found in the basis functions. In this research we aim to improve the accuracy of the forward model, hence improving the localization accuracy in inverse methods by introducing a more detailed realistic head model. We here generalize the algorithm developed for a single-shell volume conductor to a three-shell volume conductor representing the brain, the skull and the skin with homogenous and isotropic conductivities in realistic ratios. The expansion to three shells could be tested as the three-shell algorithm is approaching the single-shell with high accuracy in special cases where three-shell solutions can also be calculated using a single-shell solution, especially for higher levels of expansion. The deviation in the calculation of the lead field is also evaluated when using three shells with realistic conductivities. The magnetic field turned out to differ to an important measurable extend in particular for deeper sources, making the three-shell algorithm substantially more accurate for these dipole locations.

在以前的研究中,推导出准静态近似的磁导场定理,并将其用于 MEG 正向问题方法的开发。该方法在单壳人体头部模型上进行了应用和测试,而单壳是否足以计算磁场是本研究的主要原因。这种前瞻性方法基于一个基本概念,即可以通过将 MEG 的导磁场分解为两部分来计算:已知的任意体积导体的导磁场和必须是谐波的基函数梯度,这里的基函数是由球面谐波导出的。然后,问题就简化为评估基函数中的系数。在这项研究中,我们的目标是提高前向模型的精度,从而通过引入更详细的现实头部模型,提高逆向方法的定位精度。在此,我们将针对单壳体积导体开发的算法推广到代表大脑、头骨和皮肤的三壳体积导体,三壳体积导体具有同质和各向同性的传导率,且比例逼真。由于三壳算法在特殊情况下接近单壳算法时具有很高的精确度,因此可以对扩展到三壳进行测试,三壳解法也可以使用单壳解法进行计算,特别是对于较高的扩展水平。在使用具有实际电导率的三壳时,还对铅场计算的偏差进行了评估。结果表明,磁场的偏差达到了可测量的重要程度,特别是对于较深的磁源,使得三壳算法对于这些偶极位置的计算精度大大提高。
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引用次数: 0
Similarity and characterization of structural and functional neural connections within species under isoflurane anesthesia in the common marmoset 异氟醚麻醉下普通狨猴种内神经结构和功能连接的相似性和特征描述
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120854
Daisuke Yoshimaru , Tomokazu Tsurugizawa , Junichi Hata , Kanako Muta , Takuto Marusaki , Naoya Hayashi , Shuhei Shibukawa , Kei Hagiya , Hideyuki Okano , Hirotaka James Okano

The common marmoset is an essential model for understanding social cognition and neurodegenerative diseases. This study explored the structural and functional brain connectivity in a marmoset under isoflurane anesthesia, aiming to statistically overcome the effects of high inter-individual variability and noise-related confounds such as physiological noise, ensuring robust and reliable data. Similarities and differences in individual subject data, including assessments of functional and structural brain connectivities derived from resting-state functional MRI and diffusion tensor imaging were meticulously captured. The findings highlighted the high consistency of structural neural connections within the species, indicating a stable neural architecture, while functional connectivity under anesthesia displayed considerable variability. Through independent component and dual regression analyses, several distinct brain connectivities were identified, elucidating their characteristics under anesthesia. Insights into the structural and functional features of the marmoset brain from this study affirm its value as a neuroscience research model, promising advancements in the field through fundamental and translational studies.

普通狨猴是了解社会认知和神经退行性疾病的重要模型。本研究探讨了异氟烷麻醉下狨猴大脑结构和功能连接性,旨在从统计学角度克服个体间高变异性和与噪声相关的混杂因素(如生理噪声)的影响,确保数据的稳健性和可靠性。研究人员细致地捕捉了受试者个体数据的异同,包括静息态功能磁共振成像和弥散张量成像对大脑功能和结构连通性的评估。研究结果凸显了物种内神经结构连接的高度一致性,表明了稳定的神经结构,而麻醉状态下的功能连接则显示出相当大的变异性。通过独立成分分析和双重回归分析,确定了几种不同的大脑连接性,阐明了它们在麻醉状态下的特征。这项研究对狨猴大脑结构和功能特征的洞察肯定了其作为神经科学研究模型的价值,有望通过基础研究和转化研究推动该领域的发展。
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引用次数: 0
Relationships between brain structure-function coupling in normal aging and cognition: A cross-ethnicity population-based study 正常衰老过程中大脑结构-功能耦合与认知之间的关系:基于人群的跨种族研究
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120847
Chang Liu , Jing Jing , Jiyang Jiang , Wei Wen , Wanlin Zhu , Zixiao Li , Yuesong Pan , Xueli Cai , Hao Liu , Yijun Zhou , Xia Meng , Jicong Zhang , Yilong Wang , Hao Li , Yong Jiang , Huaguang Zheng , Suying Wang , Haijun Niu , Nicole Kochan , Henry Brodaty , Yongjun Wang

Increased efforts in neuroscience seek to understand how macro-anatomical and physiological connectomes cooperatively work to generate cognitive behaviors. However, the structure-function coupling characteristics in normal aging individuals remain unclear. Here, we developed an index, the Coupling in Brain Structural connectome and Functional connectome (C-BSF) index, to quantify regional structure-function coupling in a large community-based cohort. C-BSF used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from the Polyvascular Evaluation for Cognitive Impairment and Vascular Events study (PRECISE) cohort (2007 individuals, age: 61.15 ± 6.49 years) and the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study (MAS) cohort (254 individuals, age: 83.45 ± 4.33 years). We observed that structure-function coupling was the strongest in the visual network and the weakest in the ventral attention network. We also observed that the weaker structure-function coupling was associated with increased age and worse cognitive level of the participant. Meanwhile, the structure-function coupling in the visual network was associated with the visuospatial performance and partially mediated the connections between age and the visuospatial function. This work contributes to our understanding of the underlying brain mechanisms by which aging affects cognition and also help establish early diagnosis and treatment approaches for neurological diseases in the elderly.

神经科学领域越来越多的研究试图了解宏观解剖学和生理学连接体如何协同工作以产生认知行为。然而,正常衰老个体的结构-功能耦合特征仍不清楚。在此,我们开发了一种指数,即大脑结构连接组和功能连接组耦合指数(C-BSF),用于量化基于社区的大型队列中的区域结构-功能耦合。C-BSF使用了扩散张量成像(DTI)和静息态功能磁共振成像(fMRI)数据,这些数据来自认知障碍和血管事件多血管评估研究(PRECISE)队列(2007人,年龄:61.15 ± 6.49岁)和悉尼记忆与老龄化研究(MAS)队列(254人,年龄:83.45 ± 4.33岁)。我们观察到,结构-功能耦合在视觉网络中最强,而在腹侧注意网络中最弱。我们还观察到,结构-功能耦合较弱与受试者年龄增加和认知水平降低有关。同时,视觉网络中的结构-功能耦合与视觉空间表现相关,并部分介导了年龄与视觉空间功能之间的联系。这项研究有助于我们了解衰老影响认知的潜在脑机制,也有助于建立老年人神经系统疾病的早期诊断和治疗方法。
{"title":"Relationships between brain structure-function coupling in normal aging and cognition: A cross-ethnicity population-based study","authors":"Chang Liu ,&nbsp;Jing Jing ,&nbsp;Jiyang Jiang ,&nbsp;Wei Wen ,&nbsp;Wanlin Zhu ,&nbsp;Zixiao Li ,&nbsp;Yuesong Pan ,&nbsp;Xueli Cai ,&nbsp;Hao Liu ,&nbsp;Yijun Zhou ,&nbsp;Xia Meng ,&nbsp;Jicong Zhang ,&nbsp;Yilong Wang ,&nbsp;Hao Li ,&nbsp;Yong Jiang ,&nbsp;Huaguang Zheng ,&nbsp;Suying Wang ,&nbsp;Haijun Niu ,&nbsp;Nicole Kochan ,&nbsp;Henry Brodaty ,&nbsp;Yongjun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120847","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120847","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Increased efforts in neuroscience seek to understand how macro-anatomical and physiological connectomes cooperatively work to generate cognitive behaviors. However, the structure-function coupling characteristics in normal aging individuals remain unclear. Here, we developed an index, the Coupling in Brain Structural connectome and Functional connectome (C-BSF) index, to quantify regional structure-function coupling in a large community-based cohort. C-BSF used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from the Polyvascular Evaluation for Cognitive Impairment and Vascular Events study (PRECISE) cohort (2007 individuals, age: 61.15 ± 6.49 years) and the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study (MAS) cohort (254 individuals, age: 83.45 ± 4.33 years). We observed that structure-function coupling was the strongest in the visual network and the weakest in the ventral attention network. We also observed that the weaker structure-function coupling was associated with increased age and worse cognitive level of the participant. Meanwhile, the structure-function coupling in the visual network was associated with the visuospatial performance and partially mediated the connections between age and the visuospatial function. This work contributes to our understanding of the underlying brain mechanisms by which aging affects cognition and also help establish early diagnosis and treatment approaches for neurological diseases in the elderly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 120847"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811924003446/pdfft?md5=ac1274e6e9ba0a02e77a1e202e0200a5&pid=1-s2.0-S1053811924003446-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Distinct neural pathway and its information flow for blind individual's Braille reading 盲人阅读盲文的独特神经通路及其信息流
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120852
Ruxue Wang , Jiangtao Gong , Chenying Zhao , Yingqing Xu , Bo Hong

Natural Braille reading presents significant challenges to the brain networks of late blind individuals, yet its underlying neural mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Using natural Braille texts in behavioral assessments and functional MRI, we sought to pinpoint the neural pathway and information flow crucial for Braille reading performance in late blind individuals. In the resting state, we discovered a unique neural connection between the higher-order ‘visual’ cortex, the lateral occipital cortex (LOC), and the inferior frontal cortex (IFC) in late blind individuals, but not in sighted controls. The left-lateralized LOC-IFC connectivity was correlated with individual Braille reading proficiency. Prolonged Braille reading practice led to increased strength of this connectivity. During a natural Braille reading task, bidirectional information flow between the LOC and the IFC was positively modulated, with a predominantly stronger top-down modulation from the IFC to the LOC. This stronger top-down modulation contributed to higher Braille reading proficiency. We thus proposed a two-predictor multiple regression model to predict individual Braille reading proficiency, incorporating both static connectivity and dynamic top-down communication between the LOC-IFC link. This work highlights the dual contributions of the occipito-frontal neural pathway and top-down cognitive strategy to superior natural Braille reading performance, offering guidance for training late blind individuals.

自然盲文阅读对晚期盲人的大脑网络提出了巨大挑战,但其潜在的神经机制在很大程度上仍未得到探索。我们利用自然盲文文本进行行为评估和功能磁共振成像,试图找出对晚期盲人盲文阅读能力至关重要的神经通路和信息流。在静息状态下,我们发现晚期盲人的高阶 "视觉 "皮层、外侧枕叶皮层(LOC)和下额叶皮层(IFC)之间存在独特的神经联系,而视力正常的对照组则没有。左外侧的LOC-IFC连通性与个体的盲文阅读能力相关。长期的盲文阅读练习会增加这种连接的强度。在自然盲文阅读任务中,LOC和IFC之间的双向信息流受到正向调节,从IFC到LOC的调节主要是自上而下的。这种更强的自上而下调制有助于提高盲文阅读能力。因此,我们提出了一个双预测因子多元回归模型来预测个体的盲文阅读能力,该模型包含了 LOC-IFC 链接之间的静态连接和动态自上而下交流。这项研究强调了枕额神经通路和自上而下认知策略对提高自然盲文阅读能力的双重贡献,为后期盲人的训练提供了指导。
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引用次数: 0
Source imaging method based on diagonal covariance bases and its applications to OPM-MEG 基于对角协方差基的源成像方法及其在 OPM-MEG 中的应用
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120851
Wen Li , Fuzhi Cao , Nan An , Wenli Wang , Chunhui Wang , Weinan Xu , Dexin Yu , Min Xiang , Xiaolin Ning

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a noninvasive imaging technique used in neuroscience and clinical research. The source estimation of MEG involves solving a highly underdetermined inverse problem, which requires additional constraints to restrict the solution space. Traditional methods tend to obscure the extent of the sources. However, an accurate estimation of the source extent is important for studying brain activity or preoperatively estimating pathogenic regions. To improve the estimation accuracy of the extended source extent, the spatial constraint of sources is employed in the Bayesian framework. For example, the source is decomposed into a linear combination of validated spatial basis functions, which is proved to improve the source imaging accuracy. In this work, we further construct the spatial properties of the source using the diagonal covariance bases (DCB), which we summarize as the source imaging method SI-DCB. In this approach, specifically, the covariance matrix of the spatial coefficients is modeled as a weighted combination of diagonal covariance basis functions. The convex analysis is used to estimate noise and model parameters under the Bayesian framework. Extensive numerical simulations showed that SI-DCB outperformed five benchmark methods in accurately estimating the location and extent of patch sources. The effectiveness of SI-DCB was verified through somatosensory stimulation experiments performed on a 31-channel OPM-MEG system. The SI-DCB correctly identified the source area where each brain response occurred. The superior performance of SI-DCB suggests that it can provide a template approach for improving the accuracy of source extent estimations under a sparse Bayesian framework.

脑磁图(MEG)是一种用于神经科学和临床研究的无创成像技术。脑磁图的信号源估计涉及解决一个高度欠定的逆问题,需要额外的约束条件来限制求解空间。传统方法往往会模糊信号源的范围。然而,准确估计信号源范围对于研究大脑活动或术前估计致病区域非常重要。为了提高扩展源范围的估计精度,贝叶斯框架采用了源的空间约束。例如,将源分解为有效空间基函数的线性组合,这被证明能提高源成像的准确性。在这项工作中,我们利用对角协方差基(DCB)进一步构建声源的空间属性,并将其概括为声源成像方法 SI-DCB。具体来说,在这种方法中,空间系数的协方差矩阵被建模为对角协方差基函数的加权组合。凸分析用于在贝叶斯框架下估计噪声和模型参数。大量的数值模拟表明,SI-DCB 在准确估计斑块源的位置和范围方面优于五种基准方法。在 31 通道 OPM-MEG 系统上进行的躯体感觉刺激实验验证了 SI-DCB 的有效性。SI-DCB 能正确识别每个大脑反应发生的源区。SI-DCB 的卓越性能表明,它可以为提高稀疏贝叶斯框架下源范围估计的准确性提供一种模板方法。
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引用次数: 0
High-quality lipid suppression and B0 shimming for human brain 1H MRSI 用于人脑 1H MRSI 的高质量脂质抑制和 B0 衬垫
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120845
Chathura Kumaragamage , Scott McIntyre , Terence W. Nixon , Henk M. De Feyter , Robin A. de Graaf

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI) is a powerful technique that can map the metabolic profile in the brain non-invasively. Extracranial lipid contamination and insufficient B0 homogeneity however hampers robustness, and as a result has hindered widespread use of MRSI in clinical and research settings. Over the last six years we have developed highly effective extracranial lipid suppression methods with a second order gradient insert (ECLIPSE) utilizing inner volume selection (IVS) and outer volume suppression (OVS) methods. While ECLIPSE provides > 100-fold in lipid suppression with modest radio frequency (RF) power requirements and immunity to B1+ field variations, axial coverage is reduced for non-elliptical head shapes. In this work we detail the design, construction, and utility of MC-ECLIPSE, a pulsed second order gradient coil with Z2 and X2Y2 fields, combined with a 54-channel multi-coil (MC) array. The MC-ECLIPSE platform allows arbitrary region of interest (ROI) shaped OVS for full-axial slice coverage, in addition to MC-based B0 field shimming, for robust human brain proton MRSI.

In vivo experiments demonstrate that MC-ECLIPSE allows axial brain coverage of 92–95 % is achieved following arbitrary ROI shaped OVS for various head shapes. The standard deviation (SD) of the residual B0 field following SH2 and MC shimming were 25 ± 9 Hz and 18 ± 8 Hz over a 5 cm slab, and 18 ± 5 Hz and 14 ± 6 Hz over a 1.5 cm slab, respectively. These results demonstrate that B0 magnetic field shimming with the MC array supersedes second order harmonic capabilities available on standard MRI systems for both restricted and large ROIs. Furthermore, MC based B0 shimming provides comparable shimming performance to an unrestricted SH5 shim set for both restricted, and 5-cm slab shim challenges.

Phantom experiments demonstrate the high level of localization performance achievable with MC-ECLIPSE, with ROI edge chemical shift displacements ranging from 1–3 mm with a median value of 2 mm, and transition width metrics ranging from 1–2.5 mm throughout the ROI edge. Furthermore, MC based B0 shimming is comparable to performance following a full set of unrestricted spherical harmonic fields up to order 5. Short echo time MRSI and GABA-edited MRSI acquisitions in the human brain following MC-shimming and arbitrary ROI shaping demonstrate full-axial slice coverage and extracranial lipid artifact free spectra. MC-ECLIPSE allows full-axial coverage and robust MRSI acquisitions, while allowing interrogation of cortical tissue proximal to the skull, which has significant value in a wide range of neurological and psychiatric conditions.

磁共振波谱成像(MRSI)是一项功能强大的技术,可以无创绘制大脑的代谢图谱。然而,颅外脂质污染和 B0 不够均匀阻碍了 MRSI 的稳健性,因此阻碍了 MRSI 在临床和研究环境中的广泛应用。在过去的六年中,我们利用内体积选择(IVS)和外体积抑制(OVS)方法,开发出了高效的颅外脂质抑制方法,该方法具有二阶梯度插入(ECLIPSE)。虽然 ECLIPSE 能以适度的射频(RF)功率要求和对 B1+ 场变化的免疫力实现 100 倍的脂质抑制,但对于非椭圆形头型,其轴向覆盖范围会减小。在这项工作中,我们详细介绍了 MC-ECLIPSE 的设计、构造和实用性,它是一个具有 Z2 和 X2Y2 场的脉冲二阶梯度线圈,与 54 通道多线圈 (MC) 阵列相结合。MC-ECLIPSE 平台可通过任意感兴趣区(ROI)形状的 OVS 实现全轴向切片覆盖,此外还可进行基于 MC 的 B0 场修整,从而实现稳健的人脑质子 MRSI。体内实验证明,MC-ECLIPSE 可在各种头型的任意感兴趣区形状的 OVS 之后实现 92-95% 的轴向脑覆盖率。SH2和MC修整后残余B0磁场的标准偏差(SD)在5厘米平板上分别为25±9赫兹和18±8赫兹,在1.5厘米平板上分别为18±5赫兹和14±6赫兹。这些结果表明,使用 MC 阵列进行的 B0 磁场微调超越了标准磁共振成像系统对受限和大型 ROI 的二阶谐波能力。Phantom 实验证明了 MC-ECLIPSE 可实现的高水平定位性能,ROI 边缘化学位移位移范围为 1-3 毫米,中值为 2 毫米,整个 ROI 边缘的过渡宽度指标范围为 1-2.5 毫米。此外,基于 MC 的 B0 shimming 与全套无限制球形谐波场的性能相当,最高可达 5 阶。在 MC-shimming和任意ROI整形后进行的人脑短回波时间MRSI和GABA编辑MRSI采集显示了全轴向切片覆盖和无颅外脂质伪影光谱。MC-ECLIPSE 允许进行全轴覆盖和稳健的 MRSI 采集,同时允许对颅骨近端皮质组织进行检查,这对各种神经和精神疾病具有重要价值。
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引用次数: 0
Causal role of frontocentral beta oscillation in comprehending linguistic communicative functions 前中枢贝塔振荡在理解语言交际功能中的因果作用
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120853
Wenshuo Chang (张文硕) , Xiaoxi Zhao (赵晓曦) , Lihui Wang (王立卉) , Xiaolin Zhou (周晓林)

Linguistic communication is often considered as an action serving the function of conveying the speaker's goal to the addressee. Although neuroimaging studies have suggested a role of the motor system in comprehending communicative functions, the underlying mechanism is yet to be specified. Here, by two EEG experiments and a tACS experiment, we demonstrate that the frontocentral beta oscillation, which represents action states, plays a crucial part in linguistic communication understanding. Participants read scripts involving two interlocutors and rated the interlocutors’ attitudes. Each script included a critical sentence said by the speaker expressing a context-dependent function of either promise, request, or reply to the addressee's query. These functions were behaviorally discriminated, with higher addressee's will rating for the promise than for the reply and higher speaker's will rating for the request than for the reply. EEG multivariate analyses showed that different communicative functions were represented by different patterns of the frontocentral beta activity but not by patterns of alpha activity. Further tACS results showed that, relative to alpha tACS and sham stimulation, beta tACS improved the predictability of communicative functions of request or reply, as measured by the speaker's will rating. These results convergently suggest a causal role of the frontocentral beta activities in comprehending linguistic communications.

语言交际通常被认为是一种行动,其功能是将说话者的目标传达给收信人。尽管神经影像学研究表明,运动系统在理解交流功能中扮演着重要角色,但其潜在机制仍有待明确。在这里,我们通过两个脑电图实验和一个 tACS 实验证明,代表动作状态的前中枢贝塔振荡在语言交流理解中起着至关重要的作用。参与者阅读涉及两个对话者的脚本,并对对话者的态度进行评分。每个脚本都包含一个关键句子,由说话者说出,表达了一种与上下文相关的功能,即承诺、请求或回答被试的询问。这些功能在行为上是有区别的,承诺的收信人意愿评分高于回复的收信人意愿评分,请求的说话人意愿评分高于回复的说话人意愿评分。脑电图多变量分析表明,不同的交流功能表现为不同的前中枢贝塔活动模式,而不是阿尔法活动模式。进一步的 tACS 结果显示,相对于 alpha tACS 和假刺激,β tACS 提高了请求或回答的交际功能的可预测性,这是以说话者的意愿等级来衡量的。这些结果表明,前中枢贝塔活动在理解语言交流中起着因果作用。
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引用次数: 0
A U-shaped relationship between chronic academic stress and the dynamics of reward processing 长期学业压力与奖赏处理动态之间的 U 型关系
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120849
Wei Yi , Wangxiao Chen , Biqi Lan , Linlin Yan , Xiaoqing Hu , Jianhui Wu

Despite the potential link between stress-induced reward dysfunctions and the development of mental problems, limited human research has investigated the specific impacts of chronic stress on the dynamics of reward processing. Here we aimed to investigate the relationship between chronic academic stress and the dynamics of reward processing (i.e., reward anticipation and reward consumption) using event-related potential (ERP) technology. Ninety healthy undergraduates who were preparing for the National Postgraduate Entrance Examination (NPEE) participated in the study and completed a two-door reward task, their chronic stress levels were assessed via the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). The results showed that a lower magnitude of reward elicited more negative amplitudes of cue-N2 during the anticipatory phase, and reward omission elicited more negative amplitudes of FRN compared to reward delivery especially in high reward conditions during the consummatory phase. More importantly, the PSS score exhibited a U-shaped relationship with cue-N2 amplitudes regardless of reward magnitude during the anticipatory phase; and FRN amplitudes toward reward omission in high reward condition during the consummatory phase. These findings suggest that individuals exposed to either low or high levels of chronic stress, as opposed to moderate stress levels, exhibited a heightened reward anticipation, and an augmented violation of expectations or affective response when faced with relatively more negative outcomes.

尽管压力诱发的奖赏功能障碍与精神问题的发展之间存在潜在联系,但有关长期压力对奖赏处理动态的具体影响的人类研究却十分有限。在此,我们旨在利用事件相关电位(ERP)技术研究长期学业压力与奖赏处理动态(即奖赏预期和奖赏消耗)之间的关系。90名准备参加全国研究生入学考试(NPEE)的健康大学生参加了研究,并完成了一项双门奖励任务,他们的慢性压力水平通过感知压力量表(PSS)进行了评估。结果表明,在期待阶段,较低的奖励幅度会引起更多的负振幅(cue-N2);在消耗阶段,与奖励发放相比,奖励遗漏会引起更多的负振幅(FRN),尤其是在高奖励条件下。更重要的是,在期待阶段,无论奖励大小如何,PSS 评分与提示-N2 振幅呈 U 型关系;在消耗阶段,在高奖励条件下,FRN 振幅与奖励遗漏呈 U 型关系。这些研究结果表明,与中等压力水平的人相比,长期处于低或高压力水平的人在面对相对更消极的结果时,会表现出更高的奖励预期,以及更强的违反预期或情感反应。
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