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Quantitative evaluation of Scout Accelerated Motion Estimation and Reduction (SAMER) MPRAGE for morphometric analysis of brain tissue in patients undergoing evaluation for memory loss 定量评估 Scout 加速运动估计和还原 (SAMER) MPRAGE 对接受记忆丧失评估患者脑组织形态计量分析的效果。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120865
Nelson Gil , Azadeh Tabari , Wei-Ching Lo , Bryan Clifford , Min Lang , Komal Awan , Kyla Gaudet , Daniel Nicolas Splitthoff , Daniel Polak , Stephen Cauley , Susie Y. Huang

Background

Three-dimensional (3D) T1-weighted MRI sequences such as the magnetization prepared rapid gradient echo (MPRAGE) sequence are important for assessing regional cortical atrophy in the clinical evaluation of dementia but have long acquisition times and are prone to motion artifact. The recently developed Scout Accelerated Motion Estimation and Reduction (SAMER) retrospective motion correction method addresses motion artifact within clinically-acceptable computation times and has been validated through qualitative evaluation in inpatient and emergency settings.

Methods

We evaluated the quantitative accuracy of morphometric analysis of SAMER motion-corrected compared to non-motion-corrected MPRAGE images by estimating cortical volume and thickness across neuroanatomical regions in two subject groups: (1) healthy volunteers and (2) patients undergoing evaluation for dementia. In part (1), we used a set of 108 MPRAGE reconstructed images derived from 12 healthy volunteers to systematically assess the effectiveness of SAMER in correcting varying degrees of motion corruption, ranging from mild to severe. In part (2), 29 patients who were scheduled for brain MRI with memory loss protocol and had motion corruption on their clinical MPRAGE scans were prospectively enrolled.

Results

In part (1), SAMER resulted in effective correction of motion-induced cortical volume and thickness reductions. We observed systematic increases in the estimated cortical volume and thickness across all neuroanatomical regions and a relative reduction in percent error values compared to reference standard scans of up to 66 % for the cerebral white matter volume. In part (2), SAMER resulted in statistically significant volume increases across anatomical regions, with the most pronounced increases seen in the parietal and temporal lobes, and general reductions in percent error relative to reference standard clinical scans.

Conclusion

SAMER improves the accuracy of morphometry through systematic increases and recovery of the estimated cortical volume and cortical thickness following motion correction, which may affect the evaluation of regional cortical atrophy in patients undergoing evaluation for dementia.
背景:三维(3D)T1加权磁共振成像序列(如磁化准备快速梯度回波(MPRAGE)序列)对于评估痴呆症临床评估中的区域皮质萎缩非常重要,但其采集时间较长,容易产生运动伪影。最近开发的Scout加速运动估计和减少(SAMER)回溯运动校正方法在临床可接受的计算时间内解决了运动伪影问题,并通过住院和急诊环境的定性评估得到了验证:我们评估了经 SAMER 运动校正的 MPRAGE 图像与未经运动校正的 MPRAGE 图像的形态计量分析的定量准确性,方法是估算两组受试者神经解剖区域的皮质体积和厚度:(1) 健康志愿者和 (2) 正在接受痴呆评估的患者。在第(1)部分中,我们使用了一组来自 12 名健康志愿者的 108 幅 MPRAGE 重建图像,系统地评估了 SAMER 在校正不同程度(从轻微到严重)运动损伤方面的有效性。在第(2)部分中,我们前瞻性地招募了 29 名计划接受脑部磁共振成像记忆缺失方案检查的患者,这些患者的临床 MPRAGE 扫描图像存在运动损伤:结果:在第(1)部分中,SAMER 能有效校正运动引起的皮质体积和厚度减少。我们观察到所有神经解剖区域的皮质体积和厚度的估计值都有系统性的增加,与参考标准扫描相比,大脑白质体积的百分误差值相对减少了 66%。在第(2)部分中,SAMER 使各解剖区域的体积在统计学上显著增加,顶叶和颞叶的增加最为明显,与参考标准临床扫描相比,误差百分比普遍降低:结论:SAMER 通过系统地增加和恢复运动校正后估计的皮质体积和皮质厚度,提高了形态测量的准确性,这可能会影响对痴呆患者进行区域皮质萎缩评估。
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引用次数: 0
Cortical encoding of hierarchical linguistic information when syllabic rhythms are obscured by echoes 当音节节奏被回声掩盖时,大脑皮层对分层语言信息的编码。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120875
Cheng Luo , Nai Ding
In speech perception, low-frequency cortical activity tracks hierarchical linguistic units (e.g., syllables, phrases, and sentences) on top of acoustic features (e.g., speech envelope). Since the fluctuation of speech envelope typically corresponds to the syllabic boundaries, one common interpretation is that the acoustic envelope underlies the extraction of discrete syllables from continuous speech for subsequent linguistic processing. However, it remains unclear whether and how cortical activity encodes linguistic information when the speech envelope does not provide acoustic correlates of syllables. To address the issue, we introduced a frequency-tagging speech stream where the syllabic rhythm was obscured by echoic envelopes and investigated neural encoding of hierarchical linguistic information using electroencephalography (EEG). When listeners attended to the echoic speech, cortical activity showed reliable tracking of syllable, phrase, and sentence levels, among which the higher-level linguistic units elicited more robust neural responses. When attention was diverted from the echoic speech, reliable neural tracking of the syllable level was also observed in contrast to deteriorated neural tracking of the phrase and sentence levels. Further analyses revealed that the envelope aligned with the syllabic rhythm could be recovered from the echoic speech through a neural adaptation model, and the reconstructed envelope yielded higher predictive power for the neural tracking responses than either the original echoic envelope or anechoic envelope. Taken together, these results suggest that neural adaptation and attentional modulation jointly contribute to neural encoding of linguistic information in distorted speech where the syllabic rhythm is obscured by echoes.
在语音感知中,低频皮层活动在声学特征(如语音包络)的基础上跟踪分层语言单位(如音节、短语和句子)。由于语音包络的波动通常与音节边界相对应,一种常见的解释是,声学包络是从连续语音中提取离散音节进行后续语言处理的基础。然而,当语音包络不提供音节的声学相关信息时,大脑皮层活动是否以及如何编码语言信息仍不清楚。为了解决这个问题,我们引入了一种频率标记语音流,在这种语音流中,音节节奏被回声包络所掩盖,并使用脑电图(EEG)研究了分层语言信息的神经编码。当听者注意回声语音时,大脑皮层活动显示出对音节、短语和句子层次的可靠跟踪,其中较高层次的语言单位引起了更强烈的神经反应。当注意力从回声语音上转移时,也能观察到对音节级别的可靠神经跟踪,而对短语和句子级别的神经跟踪则有所减弱。进一步的分析表明,通过神经适应模型,可以从回声语音中恢复与音节节奏一致的包络,而且重建的包络对神经跟踪反应的预测能力比原始回声包络或消声包络都要高。综上所述,这些结果表明,神经适应和注意调节共同促进了神经对语言信息的编码,在失真语音中,音节节奏被回声所掩盖。
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引用次数: 0
Action expectancy modulates activity in the mirror neuron system and mentalizing system 行动预期调节镜像神经元系统和心智系统的活动
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120876
Hong Mou , Likai Liu , Ting Zhou , Zhurui Yan , Yingying Wang
Action understanding involves two distinct processing levels that engage separate neural mechanisms: perception of concrete kinematic information and recognition of abstract action intentions. The mirror neuron system and the mentalizing system have both been linked to concrete action and abstract information processing, but their specific roles remain debatable. Here, we conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging study with 26 participants who passively observed expected and unexpected actions. We performed whole-brain activation, region of interest, and effective connectivity analyses to investigate the neural correlates of these actions. Whole-brain activation analyses revealed that expected actions were associated with increased activation in the left medial superior frontal gyrus, while unexpected actions were linked to heightened activity in the left supramarginal gyrus, left superior parietal lobule, right inferior temporal gyrus, and left middle frontal gyrus. Region of interest analyses demonstrated that the left ventral premotor cortex exhibited greater activation during the observation of expected actions compared to unexpected actions, while the left inferior frontal gyrus, left superior parietal lobule, and left precuneus showed stronger activation during the observation of unexpected actions. Effective connectivity was observed between the left ventral premotor cortex and the left angular gyrus, left intraparietal sulcus, left dorsal premotor cortex, and left ventromedial prefrontal cortex with the middle frontal gyrus when observing unexpected, but not expected, actions. These findings suggest that expected actions are primarily processed by the mirror neuron system, whereas unexpected actions engage both the mirror neuron system and the mentalizing system, with these systems playing complementary roles in the understanding of unexpected actions.
动作理解涉及两个不同的处理层次,分别涉及不同的神经机制:对具体运动信息的感知和对抽象动作意图的识别。镜像神经元系统和心智化系统都与具体动作和抽象信息处理有关,但它们的具体作用仍有争议。在此,我们对 26 名被动观察预期和意外动作的参与者进行了功能磁共振成像研究。我们进行了全脑激活、感兴趣区和有效连接分析,以研究这些动作的神经相关性。全脑激活分析表明,预期动作与左侧内侧额上回的激活增加有关,而意外动作则与左侧边际上回、左侧顶叶上小叶、右侧颞下回和左侧额中回的活动增强有关。兴趣区分析表明,与意外动作相比,在观察预期动作时,左侧腹侧运动前皮层表现出更强的激活,而在观察意外动作时,左侧额叶下回、左侧顶叶上小叶和左侧楔前叶表现出更强的激活。在观察意外动作而非预期动作时,左侧腹侧前运动皮层与左侧角回、左侧顶内沟、左侧背侧前运动皮层以及左侧腹内侧前额叶皮层与额叶中回之间存在有效连接。这些研究结果表明,预期动作主要由镜像神经元系统处理,而意外动作则同时涉及镜像神经元系统和心智化系统,这两个系统在理解意外动作时起着互补作用。
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引用次数: 0
Representational dissimilarity component analysis (ReDisCA) 表征异质性成分分析(ReDisCA)。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120868
Alexei Ossadtchi , Ilia Semenkov , Anna Zhuravleva , Vladimir Kozunov , Oleg Serikov , Ekaterina Voloshina
The principle of Representational Similarity Analysis (RSA) posits that neural representations reflect the structure of encoded information, allowing exploration of spatial and temporal organization of brain information processing. Traditional RSA when applied to EEG or MEG data faces challenges in accessing activation time series at the brain source level due to modeling complexities and insufficient geometric/anatomical data.
To overcome this, we introduce Representational Dissimilarity Component Analysis (ReDisCA), a method for estimating spatial–temporal components in EEG or MEG responses aligned with a target representational dissimilarity matrix (RDM). ReDisCA yields informative spatial filters and associated topographies, offering insights into the location of ”representationally relevant” sources. Applied to evoked response time series, ReDisCA produces temporal source activation profiles with the desired RDM. Importantly, while ReDisCA does not require inverse modeling its output is consistent with EEG and MEG observation equation and can be used as an input to rigorous source localization procedures.
Demonstrating ReDisCA’s efficacy through simulations and comparison with conventional methods, we show superior source localization accuracy and apply the method to real EEG and MEG datasets, revealing physiologically plausible representational structures without inverse modeling. ReDisCA adds to the family of inverse modeling free methods such as independent component analysis (Makeig, 1995), Spatial spectral decomposition (Nikulin, 2011), and Source power comodulation (Dähne, 2014) designed for extraction sources with desired properties from EEG or MEG data. Extending its utility beyond EEG and MEG analysis, ReDisCA is likely to find application in fMRI data analysis and exploration of representational structures emerging in multilayered artificial neural networks.
表征相似性分析(RSA)原理认为,神经表征反映了编码信息的结构,允许探索大脑信息处理的空间和时间组织。由于建模复杂和几何/解剖数据不足,传统的 RSA 应用于脑电图或 MEG 数据时,在获取脑源水平的激活时间序列方面面临挑战。为了解决这个问题,我们引入了表征异质性成分分析(ReDisCA),这是一种估算与目标表征异质性矩阵(RDM)对齐的脑电图或 MEG 反应中的空间-时间成分的方法。ReDisCA 可生成信息丰富的空间滤波器和相关拓扑图,有助于深入了解 "表征相关 "源的位置。将 ReDisCA 应用于诱发反应时间序列时,可产生具有所需 RDM 的时间源激活剖面图。重要的是,虽然 ReDisCA 不需要反建模,但其输出结果与脑电图和 MEG 观察方程一致,可用作严格的源定位程序的输入。通过模拟和与传统方法的比较,我们展示了 ReDisCA 的功效,显示了卓越的源定位精度,并将该方法应用于真实的 EEG 和 MEG 数据集,揭示了生理上合理的表征结构,而无需反建模。ReDisCA 是独立成分分析法(Makeig,1995 年)、空间谱分解法(Nikulin,2011 年)和源功率调制法(Dähne,2014 年)等无逆建模方法系列的补充,这些方法旨在从 EEG 或 MEG 数据中提取具有所需属性的信号源。除 EEG 和 MEG 分析外,ReDisCA 还可应用于 fMRI 数据分析和探索多层人工神经网络中出现的表征结构。
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引用次数: 0
Quantitative brain [18F]FDG PET beyond normal blood glucose levels 超出正常血糖水平的定量脑[18F]FDG PET。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120873
David Rey-Bretal , Lara García-Varela , Noemí Gómez-Lado , Alexis Moscoso , Manuel Piñeiro-Fiel , Lucía Díaz-Platas , Santiago Medin , Anxo Fernández-Ferreiro , Álvaro Ruibal , Tomás Sobrino , Jesús Silva-Rodríguez , Pablo Aguiar
Introduction SUV measurements from static brain [18F]FDG PET acquisitions are a commonly used tool in preclinical research, providing a simple alternative for kinetic modelling, which requires complex and time-consuming dynamic acquisitions. However, SUV can be severely affected by the animal handling and preconditioning protocols, primarily by those that may induce changes in blood glucose levels (BGL). Here, we aimed at developing and investigating the feasibility of SUV-based approaches for a wide range of BGL far beyond normal values, and consequently, to develop and validate a new model to generate standardized and reproducible SUV measurements for any BGL.
Material and methods We performed dynamic and static brain [18F]FDG PET acquisitions in 52 male Sprague-Dawley rats sorted into control (n = 10), non-fasting (n = 14), insulin-induced hypoglycemia (n = 12) and glucagon-induced hyperglycemia (n = 16) groups. Brain [18F]FDG PET images were cropped, aligned and co-registered to a standard template to calculate whole-brain and regional SUV. Cerebral Metabolic Rate of Glucose (CMRglc) was also estimated from 2-Tissue Compartment Model (2TCM) and Patlak plot for validation purposes.
Results Our results showed that BGL=100±6 mg/dL can be considered a reproducible reference value for normoglycemia. Furthermore, we successfully established a 2nd-degree polynomial model (C1=0.66E-4, C2=-0.0408 and C3=7.298) relying exclusively on BGL measures at pre-[18F]FDG injection time, that characterizes more precisely the relationship between SUV and BGL for a wide range of BGL values (from 10 to 338 mg/dL). We confirmed the ability of this model to generate corrected SUV estimations that are highly correlated to CMRglc estimations (R2= 0.54 2TCM CMRgluc and R2= 0.49 Patlak CMRgluc). Besides, slight regional differences in SUV were found in animals from extreme BGL groups, showing that [18F]FDG uptake is mostly directed toward central regions of the brain when BGLs are significantly decreased.
Conclusion Our study successfully established a non-linear model that relies exclusively on pre-scan BGL measurements to characterize the relationship between [18F]FDG SUV and BGL. The extensive validation confirmed its ability to generate SUV-based surrogates of CMRglu along a wide range of BGL and it holds the potential to be adopted as a standard protocol by the preclinical neuroimaging community using brain [18F]FDG PET imaging.
引言 通过静态脑[18F]FDG PET 采集测量 SUV 是临床前研究中常用的工具,它为需要复杂耗时的动态采集的动力学建模提供了一个简单的替代方案。然而,SUV 可能会受到动物处理和预处理方案的严重影响,主要是那些可能引起血糖水平(BGL)变化的方案。在此,我们旨在开发和研究基于 SUV 的方法对远远超出正常值的各种 BGL 的可行性,从而开发和验证一种新的模型,为任何 BGL 生成标准化和可重复的 SUV 测量值。材料和方法 我们对 52 只雄性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠进行了动态和静态脑[18F]FDG PET 采集,分为对照组(10 只)、非空腹组(14 只)、胰岛素诱导的低血糖组(12 只)和胰高血糖素诱导的高血糖组(16 只)。对大脑[18F]FDG PET图像进行裁剪、对齐并与标准模板联合注册,以计算全脑和区域SUV。为了验证,还根据 2 组织间隙模型(2TCM)和 Patlak 图估算了脑葡萄糖代谢率(CMRglc)。结果 我们的研究结果表明,BGL=100±6 mg/dL 可被视为正常血糖的可重复参考值。此外,我们还成功地建立了一个二级多项式模型(C1=0.66E-4,C2=-0.0408,C3=7.298),该模型完全依赖于[18F]FDG 注射前的 BGL 测量值,能更精确地描述各种 BGL 值(从 10 到 338 mg/dL)下 SUV 与 BGL 之间的关系。我们证实该模型能够生成与 CMRglc 估计值高度相关的校正 SUV 估计值(R2= 0.54 2TCM CMRgluc 和 R2= 0.49 Patlak CMRgluc)。此外,在极端 BGL 组的动物中发现 SUV 有轻微的区域差异,这表明当 BGL 显著降低时,[18F]FDG 的摄取主要流向大脑中心区域。结论 我们的研究成功建立了一个非线性模型,该模型完全依赖于扫描前的 BGL 测量值来描述 [18F]FDG SUV 与 BGL 之间的关系。广泛的验证证实了该模型有能力在广泛的 BGL 范围内生成基于 SUV 的 CMRglu 代用指标,并有可能被使用脑 [18F]FDG PET 成像的临床前神经成像界采纳为标准方案。
{"title":"Quantitative brain [18F]FDG PET beyond normal blood glucose levels","authors":"David Rey-Bretal ,&nbsp;Lara García-Varela ,&nbsp;Noemí Gómez-Lado ,&nbsp;Alexis Moscoso ,&nbsp;Manuel Piñeiro-Fiel ,&nbsp;Lucía Díaz-Platas ,&nbsp;Santiago Medin ,&nbsp;Anxo Fernández-Ferreiro ,&nbsp;Álvaro Ruibal ,&nbsp;Tomás Sobrino ,&nbsp;Jesús Silva-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Pablo Aguiar","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120873","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Introduction</em> SUV measurements from static brain [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG PET acquisitions are a commonly used tool in preclinical research, providing a simple alternative for kinetic modelling, which requires complex and time-consuming dynamic acquisitions. However, SUV can be severely affected by the animal handling and preconditioning protocols, primarily by those that may induce changes in blood glucose levels (BGL). Here, we aimed at developing and investigating the feasibility of SUV-based approaches for a wide range of BGL far beyond normal values, and consequently, to develop and validate a new model to generate standardized and reproducible SUV measurements for any BGL.</div><div><em>Material and methods</em> We performed dynamic and static brain [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG PET acquisitions in 52 male Sprague-Dawley rats sorted into control (<em>n</em> = 10), non-fasting (<em>n</em> = 14), insulin-induced hypoglycemia (<em>n</em> = 12) and glucagon-induced hyperglycemia (<em>n</em> = 16) groups. Brain [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG PET images were cropped, aligned and co-registered to a standard template to calculate whole-brain and regional SUV. Cerebral Metabolic Rate of Glucose (CMRglc) was also estimated from 2-Tissue Compartment Model (2TCM) and Patlak plot for validation purposes.</div><div><em>Results</em> Our results showed that BGL=100±6 mg/dL can be considered a reproducible reference value for normoglycemia. Furthermore, we successfully established a 2nd-degree polynomial model (C<sub>1</sub>=0.66E-4, C<sub>2</sub>=-0.0408 and C<sub>3</sub>=7.298) relying exclusively on BGL measures at pre-[<sup>18</sup>F]FDG injection time, that characterizes more precisely the relationship between SUV and BGL for a wide range of BGL values (from 10 to 338 mg/dL). We confirmed the ability of this model to generate corrected SUV estimations that are highly correlated to CMRglc estimations (R<sup>2</sup>= 0.54 2TCM CMRgluc and R<sup>2</sup>= 0.49 Patlak CMRgluc). Besides, slight regional differences in SUV were found in animals from extreme BGL groups, showing that [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG uptake is mostly directed toward central regions of the brain when BGLs are significantly decreased.</div><div><em>Conclusion</em> Our study successfully established a non-linear model that relies exclusively on pre-scan BGL measurements to characterize the relationship between [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG SUV and BGL. The extensive validation confirmed its ability to generate SUV-based surrogates of CMRglu along a wide range of BGL and it holds the potential to be adopted as a standard protocol by the preclinical neuroimaging community using brain [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG PET imaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"300 ","pages":"Article 120873"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142350981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Towards the definition of a standard in TMS-EEG data preprocessing 制定 TMS-EEG 数据预处理标准。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120874
A. Brancaccio , D. Tabarelli , A. Zazio , G. Bertazzoli , J. Metsomaa , U. Ziemann , M. Bortoletto , P. Belardinelli
Combining Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation (NIBS) techniques with the recording of brain electrophysiological activity is an increasingly widespread approach in neuroscience. Particularly successful has been the simultaneous combination of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and Electroencephalography (EEG). Unfortunately, the strong magnetic pulse required to effectively interact with brain activity inevitably induces artifacts in the concurrent EEG acquisition. Therefore, a careful but aggressive pre-processing is required to efficiently remove artifacts. Unfortunately, as already reported in the literature, different preprocessing approaches can introduce variability in the results. Here we aim at characterizing the three main TMS-EEG preprocessing pipelines currently available, namely ARTIST (Wu et al., 2018), TESA (Rogasch et al., 2017) and SOUND/SSP-SIR (Mutanen et al., 2018, 2016), providing an insight to researchers who need to choose between different approaches. Differently from previous works, we tested the pipelines using a synthetic TMS-EEG signal with a known ground-truth (the artifacts-free to-be-reconstructed signal). In this way, it was possible to assess the reliability of each pipeline precisely and quantitatively, providing a more robust reference for future research. In summary, we found that all pipelines performed well, but with differences in terms of the spatio-temporal precision of the ground-truth reconstruction. Crucially, the three pipelines impacted differently on the inter-trial variability, with ARTIST introducing inter-trial variability not already intrinsic to the ground-truth signal.
将非侵入性脑部刺激(NIBS)技术与脑电生理活动记录相结合,是神经科学领域日益广泛采用的方法。同时结合经颅磁刺激(TMS)和脑电图(EEG)尤其成功。遗憾的是,与大脑活动有效互动所需的强磁脉冲不可避免地会在同时进行的脑电图采集中产生伪影。因此,需要进行仔细而积极的预处理,以有效去除伪影。遗憾的是,正如已有文献报道的那样,不同的预处理方法会导致结果的差异。在此,我们旨在描述目前可用的三种主要 TMS-EEG 预处理管道,即 ARTIST(Wu 等人,2018 年)、TESA(Rogasch 等人,2017 年)和 SOUND/SSP-SIR(Mutanen 等人,2018 年,2016 年),为需要在不同方法之间做出选择的研究人员提供见解。与之前的研究不同,我们使用合成的 TMS-EEG 信号和已知的地面实况(无伪像的待重建信号)对管道进行了测试。通过这种方法,我们可以精确、定量地评估每种管道的可靠性,为今后的研究提供更可靠的参考。总之,我们发现所有管道都表现良好,但在地面实况重建的时空精度方面存在差异。最重要的是,三种管道对试验间变异性的影响不同,ARTIST 引入了地面实况信号本不存在的试验间变异性。
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引用次数: 0
Enlarged brain perivascular spaces correlate with blood plasma osmolality in the healthy population: A longitudinal study 健康人群脑血管周围空间扩大与血浆渗透压相关:一项纵向研究。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120871
Alexandra Morozova , Filip Španiel , Antonín Škoch , Marek Brabec , Grygoriy Zolotarov , Vladimir Musil , Petr Zach
Enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) are increasingly recognized as an MRI detectable feature of neuroinflammatory processes and age-related neurodegenerative changes. Understanding perivascular characteristics in healthy individuals is crucial for their applicability as a reference for pathological changes. Limited data exists on the EPVS load and interhemispheric asymmetry in distribution among young healthy subjects. Despite the known impact of hydration on brain morphometric studies, blood plasma osmolality's effect on EPVS remains unexplored.
This study investigated the influence of age, total intracranial volume (TIV), and blood plasma osmolality on EPVS characteristics in 59 healthy adults, each undergoing MRI and osmolality assessment twice within 14.8 months (mean ± 4 months). EPVS analysis was conducted in the centrum semiovale using high-resolution automated segmentation, followed by an optimization algorithm to enhance EPVS segmentation accuracy. Linear Mixed Effects model was used for the statistical analysis, which unveiled significant inter-individual variability in EPVS load and inter-hemispheric asymmetry. EPVS volume increased with age, higher TIV and lower blood plasma osmolality levels. Our findings offer valuable insights into EPVS characteristics among the healthy population, establishing a foundation to further explore age-related and pathological changes.
扩大的血管周围间隙(EPVS)越来越多地被认为是神经炎症过程和与年龄相关的神经退行性病变的核磁共振成像检测特征。了解健康人的血管周围特征对于将其作为病理变化的参考至关重要。关于年轻健康受试者 EPVS 负荷和半球间分布不对称的数据有限。尽管已知水合对大脑形态计量研究有影响,但血浆渗透压对 EPVS 的影响仍未得到探讨。本研究调查了年龄、颅内总容积(TIV)和血浆渗透压对 EPVS 特征的影响,59 名健康成人在 14.8 个月内(平均 ± 4 个月)接受了两次核磁共振成像和渗透压评估。使用高分辨率自动分割技术在半卵圆中心进行 EPVS 分析,然后使用优化算法提高 EPVS 分割的准确性。统计分析采用线性混合效应模型,结果显示 EPVS 负荷和半球间不对称在个体间存在显著差异。EPVS 容量随年龄、较高的 TIV 和较低的血浆渗透压水平而增加。我们的研究结果为了解健康人群的 EPVS 特征提供了宝贵的见解,为进一步探索与年龄相关的病理变化奠定了基础。
{"title":"Enlarged brain perivascular spaces correlate with blood plasma osmolality in the healthy population: A longitudinal study","authors":"Alexandra Morozova ,&nbsp;Filip Španiel ,&nbsp;Antonín Škoch ,&nbsp;Marek Brabec ,&nbsp;Grygoriy Zolotarov ,&nbsp;Vladimir Musil ,&nbsp;Petr Zach","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120871","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120871","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) are increasingly recognized as an MRI detectable feature of neuroinflammatory processes and age-related neurodegenerative changes. Understanding perivascular characteristics in healthy individuals is crucial for their applicability as a reference for pathological changes. Limited data exists on the EPVS load and interhemispheric asymmetry in distribution among young healthy subjects. Despite the known impact of hydration on brain morphometric studies, blood plasma osmolality's effect on EPVS remains unexplored.</div><div>This study investigated the influence of age, total intracranial volume (TIV), and blood plasma osmolality on EPVS characteristics in 59 healthy adults, each undergoing MRI and osmolality assessment twice within 14.8 months (mean ± 4 months). EPVS analysis was conducted in the centrum semiovale using high-resolution automated segmentation, followed by an optimization algorithm to enhance EPVS segmentation accuracy. Linear Mixed Effects model was used for the statistical analysis, which unveiled significant inter-individual variability in EPVS load and inter-hemispheric asymmetry. EPVS volume increased with age, higher TIV and lower blood plasma osmolality levels. Our findings offer valuable insights into EPVS characteristics among the healthy population, establishing a foundation to further explore age-related and pathological changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"300 ","pages":"Article 120871"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142350974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Astroglial glucose uptake determines brain FDG-PET alterations and metabolic connectivity during healthy aging in mice 星状胶质细胞葡萄糖摄取决定小鼠健康衰老过程中大脑 FDG-PET 改变和代谢连接。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120860
Laura M. Bartos , Sebastian T. Kunte , Stephan Wagner , Philipp Beumers , Rebecca Schaefer , Artem Zatcepin , Yunlei Li , Maria Griessl , Leonie Hoermann , Karin Wind-Mark , Peter Bartenstein , Sabina Tahirovic , Sibylle Ziegler , Matthias Brendel , Johannes Gnörich

Purpose

2-Fluorodeoxyglucose-PET (FDG-PET) is a powerful tool to study glucose metabolism in mammalian brains, but cellular sources of glucose uptake and metabolic connectivity during aging are not yet understood.

Methods

Healthy wild-type mice of both sexes (2–21 months of age) received FDG-PET and cell sorting after in vivo tracer injection (scRadiotracing). FDG uptake per cell was quantified in isolated microglia, astrocytes and neurons. Cerebral FDG uptake and metabolic connectivity were determined by PET. A subset of mice received measurement of blood glucose levels to study associations with cellular FDG uptake during aging.

Results

Cerebral FDG-PET signals in healthy mice increased linearly with age. Cellular FDG uptake of neurons increased between 2 and 12 months of age, followed by a strong decrease towards late ages. Contrarily, FDG uptake in microglia and astrocytes exhibited a U-shaped function with respect to age, comprising the predominant cellular source of higher cerebral FDG uptake in the later stages. Metabolic connectivity was closely associated with the ratio of glucose uptake in astroglial cells relative to neurons. Cellular FDG uptake was not associated with blood glucose levels and increasing FDG brain uptake as a function of age was still observed after adjusting for blood glucose levels.

Conclusion

Trajectories of astroglial glucose uptake drive brain FDG-PET alterations and metabolic connectivity during aging.
目的:2-氟脱氧葡萄糖-PET(FDG-PET)是研究哺乳动物大脑中葡萄糖代谢的有力工具,但目前还不清楚衰老过程中葡萄糖摄取的细胞来源和代谢连接性。方法:健康的野生型小鼠(2-21 个月大)雌雄均可接受 FDG-PET,并在体内注射示踪剂(scRadiotracing)后进行细胞分选。对离体小胶质细胞、星形胶质细胞和神经元每个细胞的 FDG 摄取量进行量化。通过 PET 测定大脑 FDG 摄取量和代谢连接性。一部分小鼠接受了血糖水平测量,以研究衰老过程中细胞 FDG 摄取的相关性:结果:健康小鼠的大脑 FDG-PET 信号随年龄呈线性增长。神经元的细胞 FDG 摄取量在 2 到 12 个月大时增加,随后在晚期大幅下降。与此相反,小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞的 FDG 摄取量随年龄呈 U 型变化,是后期大脑 FDG 摄取量较高的主要细胞来源。代谢连通性与星形胶质细胞相对于神经元的葡萄糖摄取比率密切相关。细胞FDG摄取量与血糖水平无关,在调整血糖水平后,仍可观察到大脑FDG摄取量随年龄增长而增加:结论:星状胶质细胞葡萄糖摄取的轨迹推动了大脑 FDG-PET 的改变以及衰老过程中的代谢连接。
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引用次数: 0
Relationship between central autonomic effective connectivity and heart rate variability: A Resting-state fMRI dynamic causal modeling study 中枢自律神经有效连接与心率变异性之间的关系:静息态 fMRI 动态因果模型研究
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120869
Liangsuo Ma , Larry D. Keen II , Joel L. Steinberg , David Eddie , Alex Tan , Lori Keyser-Marcus , Antonio Abbate , F. Gerard Moeller
The central autonomic network (CAN) serves as a regulatory hub with top-down regulatory control and integration of bottom-up physiological feedback via the autonomic nervous system. Heart rate variability (HRV)—the time variance of the heart's beat-to-beat intervals—is an index of the CAN's affective and behavioral regulatory capacity. Although neural functional connectivities that are associated with HRV and CAN have been well studied, no published report to date has studied effective (directional) connectivities (EC) that are associated with HRV and CAN. Better understanding of neural EC in the brain has the potential to improve our understanding of how the CAN sub-regions regulate HRV. To begin to address this knowledge gap, we employed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and dynamic causal modeling (DCM) with parametric empirical Bayes analyses in 34 healthy adults (19 females; mean age= 32.68 years [SD= 14.09], age range 18–68 years) to examine the bottom-up and top-down neural circuits associated with HRV. Throughout the whole brain, we identified 12 regions associated with HRV. DCM analyses revealed that the ECs from the right amygdala to the anterior cingulate cortex and to the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex had a negative linear relationship with HRV and a positive linear relationship with heart rate. These findings suggest that ECs from the amygdala to the prefrontal cortex may represent a neural circuit associated with regulation of cardiodynamics.
中枢自律神经网络(CAN)是一个调节枢纽,通过自律神经系统进行自上而下的调节控制和自下而上的生理反馈整合。心率变异性(HRV)--心脏跳动间隔的时间差--是中枢自律神经网络情感和行为调节能力的一个指标。尽管与心率变异性和神经网络相关的神经功能连通性已得到深入研究,但迄今为止还没有任何公开报道对与心率变异性和神经网络相关的有效(定向)连通性(EC)进行过研究。更好地了解大脑中的神经连接性(EC)有可能提高我们对 CAN 亚区域如何调节心率变异的认识。为了着手解决这一知识空白,我们在 34 名健康成年人(19 名女性;平均年龄= 32.68 岁 [SD=14.09],年龄范围为 18-68 岁)中采用了静息态功能磁共振成像和动态因果建模(DCM)以及参数经验贝叶斯分析,以研究与心率变异相关的自下而上和自上而下的神经回路。在整个大脑中,我们发现了 12 个与心率变异相关的区域。DCM分析表明,从右侧杏仁核到前扣带回皮层和外侧前额叶皮层的EC与心率变异呈负线性关系,而与心率呈正线性关系。这些研究结果表明,从杏仁核到前额叶皮层的EC可能代表了一个与心脏动力学调节相关的神经回路。
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引用次数: 0
The effect of multiband sequences on statistical outcome measures in functional magnetic resonance imaging using a gustatory stimulus 使用味觉刺激的功能磁共振成像中,多波段序列对统计结果测量的影响
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120867
Yuko Nakamura , Takuya Ishida
Recent technical developments have led to the invention of multiband functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sequences that allow for faster sampling rates. However, some studies have highlighted problems with these sequences, leading to a decreased temporal signal-to-noise ratio (tSNR). In addition, this temporal noise may interfere with detecting reward-related responses in mesolimbic regions. The blood-oxygen-level-dependent signal utilized in the majority of fMRI measurements is relatively slow. Furthermore, the cerebral response to gustatory stimuli would also be relatively slow. Therefore, given the temporal noise issues with multiband sequences, it is unclear whether multiband sequences are necessary for fMRI studies using gustatory stimuli. We thus conducted an fMRI experiment using a gustatory stimulus to investigate the effects of multiband sequences and increased sampling rates on statistical outcome measures. A single-band sequence with a repetition time (TR) of 2 s of phantom fMRI data and gustatory fMRI data from the gustatory regions exhibited the highest tSNR, although the tSNR of this sequence of gustatory fMRI was not statistically different from tSNR of multiband sequences with a TR of 2 s in any of the selected region of interests. Conventional general linear model analysis of fMRI showed that single-band sequences are more advantageous than multiband sequences for detecting brain responses to gustatory stimuli in the primary gustatory cortex. In addition, a Bayesian data comparison showed that data derived from a single-band sequence with a TR of 2 s was optimal for inferring neuronal connectivity in gustatory processing. Therefore, a conventional single-band sequence with a TR of 2 s is more appropriate for fMRI with gustatory stimuli. Image acquisition sequences should be selected aligned with the study objectives and target brain regions.
最近的技术发展导致了多波段功能磁共振成像(fMRI)序列的发明,这种序列可以实现更快的采样率。然而,一些研究强调了这些序列存在的问题,它们会导致时间信噪比(tSNR)降低。此外,这种时间噪声可能会干扰检测间叶区域的奖赏相关反应。大多数 fMRI 测量中使用的依赖血氧水平的信号相对较慢。此外,大脑对味觉刺激的反应也相对较慢。因此,考虑到多波段序列的时间噪声问题,目前还不清楚使用味觉刺激进行 fMRI 研究是否需要多波段序列。因此,我们使用味觉刺激进行了一次 fMRI 实验,以研究多波段序列和提高采样率对统计结果测量的影响。重复时间(TR)为 2 秒的单波段序列的幻象 fMRI 数据和来自味觉区域的味觉 fMRI 数据表现出最高的 tSNR,尽管在任何选定的兴趣区域,该序列的味觉 fMRI tSNR 与 TR 为 2 秒的多波段序列的 tSNR 没有统计学差异。传统的 fMRI 一般线性模型分析表明,在检测初级味觉皮层对味觉刺激的大脑反应方面,单波段序列比多波段序列更有优势。此外,贝叶斯数据比较显示,TR 为 2 秒的单波段序列获得的数据最适合用于推断味觉处理过程中的神经元连接。因此,TR 为 2 秒的传统单波段序列更适合用于味觉刺激的 fMRI。图像采集序列的选择应与研究目标和目标脑区相一致。
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NeuroImage
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