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Spherical-deconvolution Informed Filtering of Tractograms Changes Laterality of Structural Connectome. 以球形解卷积为基础的阶梯图过滤改变了结构连接组的侧向性。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120904
Yifei He, Yoonmi Hong, Ye Wu

Diffusion MRI-driven tractography, a non-invasive technique that reveals how the brain is connected, is widely used in brain lateralization studies. To improve the accuracy of tractography in showing the underlying anatomy of the brain, various tractography filtering methods were applied to reduce false positives. Based on different algorithms, tractography filtering methods are able to identify the fibers most consistent with the original diffusion data while removing fibers that do not align with the original signals, ensuring the tractograms are as biologically accurate as possible. However, the impact of tractography filtering on the lateralization of the brain connectome remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the relationship between fiber filtering and laterality changes in brain structural connectivity. Three typical tracking algorithms were used to construct the raw tractography, and two popular fiber filtering methods(SIFT and SIFT2) were employed to filter the tractography across a range of parameters. Laterality indices were computed for six popular biological features, including four microstructural measures (AD, FA, RD, and T1/T2 ratio) and two structural features (fiber length and connectivity) for each brain region. The results revealed that tractography filtering may cause significant laterality changes in more than 10% of connections, up to 25% for probabilistic tracking, and deterministic tracking exhibited minimal laterality changes compared to probabilistic tracking, experiencing only about 6%. Except for tracking algorithms, different fiber filtering methods, along with the various biological features themselves, displayed more variable patterns of laterality change. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the intricate relationship between fiber filtering and laterality changes in brain structural connectivity. These findings can be used to develop improved tractography filtering methods, ultimately leading to more robust and reliable measurements of brain asymmetry in lateralization studies.

弥散核磁共振成像(MRI)驱动的牵引成像是一种非侵入性技术,可揭示大脑的连接方式,被广泛应用于大脑侧化研究。为了提高束成像在显示大脑潜在解剖结构方面的准确性,人们采用了各种束成像过滤方法来减少假阳性。基于不同的算法,束流成像滤波方法能够识别与原始扩散数据最一致的纤维,同时去除与原始信号不一致的纤维,确保束流图在生物学上尽可能准确。然而,束图过滤对大脑连接组侧向化的影响仍不清楚。本研究旨在探讨纤维过滤与大脑结构连接侧向性变化之间的关系。研究使用了三种典型的追踪算法来构建原始牵引图,并采用了两种流行的纤维过滤方法(SIFT和SIFT2)来过滤一系列参数范围内的牵引图。计算了六种流行生物特征的侧向性指数,包括每个脑区的四种微结构测量(AD、FA、RD和T1/T2比值)和两种结构特征(纤维长度和连接性)。结果表明,牵引滤波可能会导致10%以上的连接发生明显的侧向变化,概率追踪可达25%,而确定性追踪与概率追踪相比,侧向变化极小,仅为6%左右。除跟踪算法外,不同的纤维过滤方法以及各种生物特征本身都显示出更多不同的侧向变化模式。总之,这项研究为了解纤维过滤与大脑结构连接侧向变化之间的复杂关系提供了宝贵的见解。这些发现可用于开发改进的束成像过滤方法,最终在侧向化研究中对大脑不对称性进行更稳健可靠的测量。
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引用次数: 0
Atypical prefrontal neural activity during an emotional interference control task in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study 自闭症谱系障碍青少年在情绪干扰控制任务中的非典型前额叶神经活动:功能性近红外光谱研究。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120907
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is typically characterized by impairments in social interaction and communication, which may be associated with a failure to naturally orient to social stimuli, particularly in recognizing and responding to facial emotions. As most previous studies have used nonsocial stimuli to investigate inhibitory control in children and adults with ASD, little is known about the behavioral and neural activation patterns of emotional inhibitory control in adolescent with ASD. Functional neuroimaging studies have underscored the key role of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in inhibitory control and emotional face processing. Thus, this study aimed to examine whether adolescent with ASD exhibited altered PFC processing during an emotional Flanker task by using non-invasive functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Twenty-one adolescents with high-functioning ASD and 26 typically developing (TD) adolescents aged 13–16 years were recruited. All participants underwent an emotional Flanker task, which required to decide whether the centrally positioned facial emotion is consistent with the laterally positioned facial emotion. TD adolescents exhibited larger RT and mean O2Hb level in the incongruent condition than the congruent condition, evoking cortical activations primarily in right PFC regions in response to the emotional Flanker effect. In contrast, ASD adolescents failed to exhibit the processing advantage for congruent versus incongruent emotional face in terms of RT, but showed cortical activations primarily in left PFC regions in response to the emotional Flanker effect. These findings suggest that adolescents with ASD rely on different neural strategies to mobilize PFC neural resources to address the difficulties they experience when inhibiting the emotional face.
自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的典型特征是社会交往和沟通障碍,这可能与无法自然地适应社会刺激有关,尤其是在识别和应对面部情绪方面。由于以往的研究大多使用非社交刺激来研究 ASD 儿童和成人的抑制控制能力,因此人们对 ASD 青少年情绪抑制控制的行为和神经激活模式知之甚少。功能神经影像学研究强调了前额叶皮层(PFC)在抑制控制和情绪面孔处理中的关键作用。因此,本研究旨在通过非侵入性功能性近红外光谱(fNIRS)检查患有自闭症的青少年在完成情绪侧翼任务时是否表现出前额叶皮层处理的改变。研究人员招募了21名患有高功能自闭症的青少年和26名发育典型(TD)青少年,年龄在13-16岁之间。所有参与者都接受了情绪侧翼任务,该任务要求他们判断中心位置的面部情绪是否与侧面位置的面部情绪一致。TD青少年在不一致条件下的RT和平均O2Hb水平均高于一致条件下,主要是右侧PFC区域的皮质激活对情绪Flanker效应做出了反应。与此相反,ASD 青少年在处理一致与不一致的情绪面孔时,在反应时间上没有表现出优势,但在对情绪侧翼效应做出反应时,主要在左侧前脑皮层区域表现出皮层激活。这些研究结果表明,患有ASD的青少年在抑制情绪面孔时,会依靠不同的神经策略来调动PFC神经资源,以解决他们遇到的困难。
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引用次数: 0
Multiscale and multimodal signatures of structure-function coupling variability across the human neocortex 人类新皮层结构-功能耦合变异的多尺度和多模态特征。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120902
The relationship between the brain's structural wiring and its dynamic activity is thought to vary regionally, implying that the mechanisms underlying structure-function coupling may differ depending on a region's position within the brain's hierarchy. To better bridge the gap between structure and function, it is crucial to identify the factors shaping this regionality, not only in terms of how static functional connectivity aligns with structure, but also regarding the time-domain variability of this interplay. Here we map structure - function coupling and its time-domain variability and relate them to the heterogeneity of the cortex. We show that these two properties split the cortical landscape into two districts anchored to the opposite ends of the brain's hierarchy. By looking at statistical relationships with layer-specific gene transcription, T1w/T2 w ratio, and synaptic density, we show that macro-scale structure-function coupling may be rooted in the brain's microstructure and meso‑scale laminar specialization. Finally, we demonstrate that a lower and more variable alignment of function and structure may bestow the emergence of unique functional dynamics.
大脑结构布线与其动态活动之间的关系被认为因区域而异,这意味着结构-功能耦合的基础机制可能因区域在大脑层次结构中的位置而异。为了更好地弥合结构与功能之间的差距,确定形成这种区域性的因素至关重要,这些因素不仅包括静态功能连接与结构的一致性,还包括这种相互作用的时域可变性。在这里,我们绘制了结构-功能耦合及其时域可变性,并将它们与大脑皮层的异质性联系起来。我们的研究表明,这两种特性将大脑皮层分为两个区域,分别位于大脑层次结构的两端。通过观察与层特异性基因转录、T1w/T2w 比率和突触密度之间的统计关系,我们表明宏观尺度的结构-功能耦合可能植根于大脑的微观结构和中观尺度的层特化。最后,我们证明,功能与结构之间更低级、更多变的一致性可能会带来独特的功能动态。
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引用次数: 0
Motor task-to-task transfer learning for motor imagery brain-computer interfaces 运动图像脑机接口的运动任务到任务转移学习
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120906
Motor imagery (MI) is one of the popular control paradigms in the non-invasive brain-computer interface (BCI) field. MI-BCI generally requires users to conduct the imagination of movement (e.g., left or right hand) to collect training data for generating a classification model during the calibration phase. However, this calibration phase is generally time-consuming and tedious, as users conduct the imagination of hand movement several times without being given feedback for an extended period. This obstacle makes MI-BCI non user-friendly and hinders its use. On the other hand, motor execution (ME) and motor observation (MO) are relatively easier tasks, yield lower fatigue than MI, and share similar neural mechanisms to MI. However, few studies have integrated these three tasks into BCIs. In this study, we propose a new task-to-task transfer learning approach of 3-motor tasks (ME, MO, and MI) for building a better user-friendly MI-BCI. For this study, 28 subjects participated in 3-motor tasks experiment, and electroencephalography (EEG) was acquired. User opinions regarding the 3-motor tasks were also collected through questionnaire survey. The 3-motor tasks showed a power decrease in the alpha rhythm, known as event-related desynchronization, but with slight differences in the temporal patterns. In the classification analysis, the cross-validated accuracy (within-task) was 67.05 % for ME, 65.93 % for MI, and 73.16 % for MO on average. Consistently with the results, the subjects scored MI (3.16) as the most difficult task compared with MO (1.42) and ME (1.41), with p < 0.05. In the analysis of task-to-task transfer learning, where training and testing are performed using different task datasets, the ME–trained model yielded an accuracy of 65.93 % (MI test), which is statistically similar to the within-task accuracy (p > 0.05). The MO–trained model achieved an accuracy of 60.82 % (MI test). On the other hand, combining two datasets yielded interesting results. ME and 50 % of the MI–trained model (50-shot) classified MI with a 69.21 % accuracy, which outperformed the within-task accuracy (p < 0.05), and MO and 50 % of the MI–trained model showed an accuracy of 66.75 %. Of the low performers with a within-task accuracy of 70 % or less, 90 % (n = 21) of the subjects improved in training with ME, and 76.2 % (n = 16) improved in training with MO on the MI test at 50-shot. These results demonstrate that task-to-task transfer learning is possible and could be a promising approach to building a user-friendly training protocol in MI-BCI.
运动想象(MI)是无创脑机接口(BCI)领域流行的控制范式之一。MI-BCI 通常要求用户进行运动想象(如左手或右手),以收集训练数据,从而在校准阶段生成分类模型。然而,这一校准阶段通常耗时且乏味,因为用户需要多次想象手的动作,而长时间得不到反馈。这一障碍使得 MI-BCI 对用户不友好,阻碍了它的使用。另一方面,运动执行(ME)和运动观察(MO)是相对较为简单的任务,产生的疲劳度比 MI 低,并且与 MI 有相似的神经机制。然而,很少有研究将这三种任务整合到 BCI 中。在本研究中,我们提出了一种新的任务到任务的转移学习方法,即3种运动任务(ME、MO和MI)的转移学习方法,以建立一种更好的用户友好型MI-BCI。在这项研究中,28 名受试者参加了 3 个运动任务实验,并采集了脑电图(EEG)。此外,还通过问卷调查收集了用户对 3 项运动任务的意见。3 项运动任务显示阿尔法节律的功率下降,即事件相关非同步化,但在时间模式上略有不同。在分类分析中,交叉验证准确率(任务内)平均为 ME 67.05%、MI 65.93%、MO 73.16%。与结果一致,受试者认为 MI(3.16)是最难的任务,而 MO(1.42)和 ME(1.41)为最难的任务,p < 0.05。在任务到任务的迁移学习分析中,即使用不同的任务数据集进行训练和测试时,ME 训练模型的准确率为 65.93%(MI 测试),与任务内准确率在统计学上相似(p >0.05)。MO训练模型的准确率为60.82%(MI测试)。另一方面,结合两个数据集也产生了有趣的结果。ME 和 50% 的 MI 训练模型(50-shot)对 MI 的分类准确率为 69.21%,超过了任务内准确率(p <0.05),而 MO 和 50% 的 MI 训练模型的准确率为 66.75%。在任务内准确率为 70% 或更低的低水平受试者中,90%(n = 21)的受试者在接受 ME 训练后有所改善,76.2%(n = 16)的受试者在接受 MO 训练后在 50 发子弹的 MI 测试中有所改善。这些结果表明,任务到任务的迁移学习是可能的,并且可能成为建立用户友好型 MI-BCI 训练方案的一种有前途的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Structural and functional alterations in MRI-negative drug-resistant epilepsy and associated gene expression features 核磁共振成像阴性耐药性癫痫的结构和功能改变及相关基因表达特征
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120908
Neuroimaging techniques have been widely used in the study of epilepsy. However, structural and functional changes in the MRI-negative drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) and the genetic mechanisms behind the structural alterations remain poorly understood. Using structural and functional MRI, we analyzed gray matter volume (GMV) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) in DRE, drug-sensitive epilepsy (DSE) and healthy controls. Gene expression data from Allen human brain atlas and GMV/ReHo were evaluated to obtain drug resistance-related and epilepsy-associated gene expression and compared with real transcriptional data in blood. We found structural and functional alterations in the cerebellum of DRE patients, which may be related to the mechanisms of drug resistance in DRE. Our study confirms that changes in brain morphology and regional activity in DRE patients may be associated with abnormal gene expression related to nervous system development. And SP1, as an important transcription factor, plays an important role in the mechanism of drug resistance.
神经成像技术已广泛应用于癫痫研究。然而,人们对核磁共振成像阴性的耐药性癫痫(DRE)的结构和功能变化以及结构变化背后的遗传机制仍然知之甚少。我们利用结构性和功能性核磁共振成像分析了耐药性癫痫(DRE)、药物敏感性癫痫(DSE)和健康对照组的灰质体积(GMV)和区域均匀性(ReHo)。我们评估了Allen人脑图谱和GMV/ReHo的基因表达数据,以获得耐药性相关基因和癫痫相关基因的表达,并与血液中的真实转录数据进行了比较。我们发现 DRE 患者小脑的结构和功能发生了改变,这可能与 DRE 的耐药机制有关。我们的研究证实,DRE 患者大脑形态和区域活动的变化可能与神经系统发育相关的基因表达异常有关。而SP1作为一种重要的转录因子,在耐药机制中发挥着重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
Polygons have a small facilitatory effect on extraretinal symmetry perception 多边形对视网膜外对称感知有微弱的促进作用。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120894
Symmetrical objects only project a symmetrical image onto the retina when viewed from certain angles. Previous work has investigated the ERP response to visual symmetry in frontoparallel and perspective views. When participants are attending to regularity, the ERPs are the same. When participants are attending to colour, the response to perspective symmetry is reduced. We term this reduction ‘perspective cost’. We predicted that perspective cost would be lessened if the stimuli were polygons rather than dot patterns. This prediction was confirmed in a new experiment. This result suggests some stimuli may support automatic 3D interpretation better than others. However, the facilitatory effect of polygons was relatively small, and perspective cost was not eliminated. Furthermore, this study also revealed that attention to symmetry is not always sufficient to eliminate perspective cost.
对称的物体只有从特定角度观察时才会在视网膜上投射出对称的图像。之前的研究已经调查了正面平行视角和透视视角下视觉对称性的 ERP 反应。当参与者注意规则性时,ERP 反应是相同的。当参与者注意颜色时,对透视对称性的反应会减弱。我们将这种降低称为 "透视成本"。我们预测,如果刺激物是多边形而不是点图案,透视成本就会降低。这一预测在新的实验中得到了证实。这一结果表明,某些刺激物比其他刺激物更能支持自动三维解读。然而,多边形的促进作用相对较小,透视成本并没有消除。此外,这项研究还揭示了对对称性的关注并不总是足以消除透视成本。
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引用次数: 0
Sex-specific age-related differences in cerebrospinal fluid clearance assessed by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging 通过静息态功能磁共振成像评估脑脊液清除率与年龄相关的性别差异。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120905
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow may assist the clearance of brain wastes, such as amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau, and thus play an important role in aging and dementias. However, a lack of non-invasive tools to assess the CSF dynamics-related clearance in humans hindered the understanding of the relevant changes in healthy aging. The global infra-slow (<0.1 Hz) brain activity measured by the global mean resting-state fMRI signal (gBOLD) was recently found to be coupled by large CSF movements. This coupling has been found to correlate with various pathologies of Alzheimer's disease (AD), particularly Aβ pathology, linking it to waste clearance. Using resting-state fMRI data from a group of 719 healthy aging participants, we examined the sex-specific differences of the gBOLD-CSF coupling over a wide age range between 36–100 years of age. We found that this coupling index remains stable before around age 55 and then starts to decline afterward, particularly in females. Menopause may contribute to the accelerated decline in females.
脑脊液(CSF)流动可能有助于清除淀粉样蛋白-β(Aβ)和tau等脑废物,从而在衰老和痴呆症中发挥重要作用。然而,由于缺乏评估人类 CSF 动态相关清除的非侵入性工具,人们对健康老龄化过程中相关变化的了解受到了阻碍。全局红外慢扫描(GRI
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引用次数: 0
Investigating brain–gut microbiota dynamics and inflammatory processes in an autistic-like rat model using MRI biomarkers during childhood and adolescence 利用核磁共振成像生物标志物研究自闭症大鼠模型的脑肠微生物群动态和炎症过程
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120899
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by social interaction deficits and repetitive behaviors. Recent research has linked that gut dysbiosis may contribute to ASD-like behaviors. However, the exact developmental time point at which gut microbiota alterations affect brain function and behavior in patients with ASD remains unclear. We hypothesized that ASD-related brain microstructural changes and gut dysbiosis induce metabolic dysregulation and proinflammatory responses, which collectively contribute to the social behavioral deficits observed in early childhood. We used an autistic-like rat model that was generated via prenatal valproic acid exposure. We analyzed brain microstructural changes using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and examined microbiota, blood, and fecal samples for inflammation biomarkers. The ASD model rats exhibited significant brain microstructural changes in the anterior cingulate cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and thalamus; reduced microbiota diversity (Prevotellaceae and Peptostreptococcaceae); and altered metabolic signatures. The shift in microbiota diversity and density observed at postnatal day (PND) 35, which is a critical developmental period, underscored the importance of early ASD interventions. We identified a unique metabolic signature in the ASD model, with elevated formate and reduced acetate and butyrate levels, indicating a dysregulation in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolism. Furthermore, increased astrocytic and microglial activation and elevated proinflammatory cytokines—interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)—were observed, indicating immune dysregulation. This study provided insights into the complex interplay between the brain and the gut, and indicated DTI metrics as potential imaging-based biomarkers in ASD, thus emphasizing the need for early childhood interventions.
自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的特点是社交互动障碍和重复行为。最近的研究表明,肠道菌群失调可能会导致类似 ASD 的行为。然而,肠道微生物群改变影响 ASD 患者大脑功能和行为的确切发育时间点仍不清楚。我们假设,与 ASD 相关的大脑微结构变化和肠道菌群失调会诱发代谢失调和促炎症反应,从而共同导致幼儿期观察到的社会行为缺陷。我们使用了一种通过产前丙戊酸暴露产生的类似自闭症的大鼠模型。我们利用弥散张量成像(DTI)分析了大脑微观结构的变化,并检查了微生物群、血液和粪便样本中的炎症生物标记物。ASD模型大鼠的前扣带回皮层、海马、纹状体和丘脑出现了显著的脑微结构变化;微生物群多样性(前孢子菌科(Prevotellaceae)和钩端螺旋体科(Peptostreptococcaceae))降低;代谢特征发生了改变。出生后第35天是发育的关键时期,在这一时期观察到的微生物群多样性和密度的变化凸显了早期干预ASD的重要性。我们在 ASD 模型中发现了一种独特的代谢特征,即甲酸盐水平升高,乙酸盐和丁酸盐水平降低,这表明短链脂肪酸 (SCFA) 代谢失调。此外,还观察到星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞活化增加以及促炎细胞因子-白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)升高,表明免疫失调。这项研究深入揭示了大脑与肠道之间复杂的相互作用,并指出 DTI 指标是 ASD 潜在的成像生物标志物,从而强调了对儿童早期干预的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Trajectories and sex differences of brain structure, oxygenation and perfusion functions in normal aging 正常衰老过程中大脑结构、氧合作用和灌注功能的轨迹和性别差异。
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120903
Background: Brain structure, oxygenation and perfusion are important factors in aging. Coupling between regional cerebral oxygen consumption and perfusion also reflects functions of neurovascular unit (NVU). Their trajectories and sex differences during normal aging important for clinical interpretation are still not well defined. In this study, we aim to investigate the relationship between brain structure, functions and age, and exam the sex disparities.
Method: A total of 137 healthy subjects between 20∼69 years old were enrolled with conventional MRI, structural three-dimensional T1-weighted imaging (3D-T1WI), 3D multi-echo gradient echo sequence (3D-mGRE), and 3D pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (3D-pCASL). Oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) were respectively reconstructed from 3D-mGRE and 3D-pCASL images. Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) were calculated as follows: CMRO2=CBF·OEF·[H]a, [H]a=7.377 μmol/mL. Brains were segmented into global gray matter (GM), global white matter (WM), and 148 cortical subregions. OEF, CBF, CMRO2, and volumes of GM/WM relative to intracranial volumes (rel_GM/rel_WM) were compared between males and females. Generalized additive models were used to evaluate the aging trajectories of brain structure and functions. The coupling between OEF and CBF was analyzed by correlation analysis. P or PFDR < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Females had larger rel_GM, higher CMRO2 and CBF of GM/WM than males (P < 0.05). With control of sex, CBF of GM significantly declined between 20 and 32 years, CMRO2 of GM declined subsequently from 33 to 41 years and rel_GM decreased significantly at all ages (R2 = 0.27, P < 0.001; R2 = 0.17, P < 0.001; R2 = 0.52, P < 0.001). In subregion analysis, CBF declined dispersedly while CMRO2 declined widely across most subregions of the cortex during aging. Robust negative coupling between OEF and CBF was found in most of the subregions (r range = -0.12∼-0.48, PFDR < 0.05).
Conclusion: The sex disparities, age trajectories of brain structure and functions as well as the coupling of NVU in healthy individuals provide insights into normal aging which are potential targets for study of pathological conditions.
背景:大脑结构、氧饱和度和灌注是导致衰老的重要因素。区域脑氧耗和灌注之间的耦合也反映了神经血管单元(NVU)的功能。它们在正常衰老过程中的轨迹和性别差异对临床解释的重要性仍未得到很好的界定。本研究旨在探讨大脑结构、功能与年龄之间的关系,并研究其性别差异:方法:对 137 名年龄在 20 至 69 岁之间的健康受试者进行常规 MRI、结构三维 T1 加权成像(3D-T1WI)、三维多回波梯度回波序列(3D-mGRE)和三维伪连续动脉自旋标记(3D-pCASL)检查。氧提取率(OEF)和脑血流量(CBF)分别由三维梯度回波序列(3D-mGRE)和三维假连续动脉自旋标记(3D-pCASL)图像重建。脑氧代谢率(CMRO2)的计算方法如下:CMRO2=CBF-OEF-[H]a,[H]a=7.377 μmol/mL。大脑被划分为整体灰质(GM)、整体白质(WM)和 148 个皮质亚区。比较了男性和女性的 OEF、CBF、CMRO2 以及 GM/WM 相对于颅内容积(rel_GM/rel_WM)的体积。采用广义相加模型来评估大脑结构和功能的衰老轨迹。通过相关性分析对 OEF 和 CBF 之间的耦合关系进行了分析。P或PFDR<0.05被认为具有统计学意义:结果:与男性相比,女性的rel_GM更大,CMRO2和GM/WM的CBF更高(P<0.05)。在控制性别的情况下,20 至 32 岁期间 GM 的 CBF 显著下降,33 至 41 岁期间 GM 的 CMRO2 随后下降,rel_GM 在所有年龄段均显著下降(R2 = 0.27,P < 0.001;R2 = 0.17,P < 0.001;R2 = 0.52,P < 0.001)。在亚区分析中,CBF在衰老过程中分散下降,而CMRO2则在皮层的大多数亚区广泛下降。在大多数亚区中,OEF与CBF之间存在稳健的负耦合(r范围=-0.12∼-0.48,PFDR<0.05):结论:健康人大脑结构和功能的性别差异、年龄轨迹以及 NVU 的耦合为正常衰老提供了启示,是研究病理状况的潜在目标。
{"title":"Trajectories and sex differences of brain structure, oxygenation and perfusion functions in normal aging","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Background: Brain structure, oxygenation and perfusion are important factors in aging. Coupling between regional cerebral oxygen consumption and perfusion also reflects functions of neurovascular unit (NVU). Their trajectories and sex differences during normal aging important for clinical interpretation are still not well defined. In this study, we aim to investigate the relationship between brain structure, functions and age, and exam the sex disparities.</div><div>Method<em>:</em> A total of 137 healthy subjects between 20∼69 years old were enrolled with conventional MRI, structural three-dimensional T<sub>1</sub>-weighted imaging (3D-T<sub>1</sub>WI), 3D multi-echo gradient echo sequence (3D-mGRE), and 3D pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (3D-pCASL). Oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) were respectively reconstructed from 3D-mGRE and 3D-pCASL images. Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO<sub>2</sub>) were calculated as follows: <span><math><mrow><mtext>CMR</mtext><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><mtext>CBF</mtext><mo>·</mo><mtext>OEF</mtext><mo>·</mo><msub><mrow><mo>[</mo><mi>H</mi><mo>]</mo></mrow><mi>a</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mo>[</mo><mi>H</mi><mo>]</mo></mrow><mi>a</mi></msub></math></span>=7.377 μmol/mL. Brains were segmented into global gray matter (GM), global white matter (WM), and 148 cortical subregions. OEF, CBF, CMRO<sub>2</sub>, and volumes of GM/WM relative to intracranial volumes (rel_GM/rel_WM) were compared between males and females. Generalized additive models were used to evaluate the aging trajectories of brain structure and functions. The coupling between OEF and CBF was analyzed by correlation analysis. <em>P</em> or <em>P</em><sub>FDR</sub> &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</div><div>Results<em>:</em> Females had larger rel_GM, higher CMRO<sub>2</sub> and CBF of GM/WM than males (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). With control of sex, CBF of GM significantly declined between 20 and 32 years, CMRO<sub>2</sub> of GM declined subsequently from 33 to 41 years and rel_GM decreased significantly at all ages (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.27, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001; R<sup>2</sup> = 0.17, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001; R<sup>2</sup> = 0.52, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). In subregion analysis, CBF declined dispersedly while CMRO<sub>2</sub> declined widely across most subregions of the cortex during aging. Robust negative coupling between OEF and CBF was found in most of the subregions (<em>r</em> range = -0.12∼-0.48, <em>P<sub>FDR</sub></em> &lt; 0.05).</div><div>Conclusion<em>:</em> The sex disparities, age trajectories of brain structure and functions as well as the coupling of NVU in healthy individuals provide insights into normal aging which are potential targets for study of pathological conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142504945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
COVID-19 associated brain alterations and the implications for defining healthy controls: A paradigm shift in neuroimaging research? 与 COVID-19 相关的大脑变化及其对健康对照组定义的影响:神经成像研究范式的转变?
IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120898
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引用次数: 0
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