This study aimed to evaluate the dry crude latex extract from P. tomentosa, endemic to the Sahara, by determining the total content of polyphenols and flavonoids, and detecting the plant compounds by HPLC chromatography. Also, Antioxidant activity was measured through three tests: (BCB) beta-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching assay, (DPPH) radical scavenging and (FRAP) ferric reducing ability assay. In addition, anti-inflammatory activity. The results showed that the dry crude latex extract of P. tomentosa showed moderate content of polyphenols and flavonoids in the dry crude latex extract of P. tomentosa. Besides, qualitative HPLC analysis led to the detection of a group of phenolic compounds of this extract that have therapeutic properties. Also, the studied extract had strong activity in the beta-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching test and the values obtained were very close to the reference gallic acid. The results also indicated significant antioxidant activities in the DPPH and FRAP assay compared to ascorbic acid. In addition, the strong effect of dry crude latex extract from P. tomentosa in inhibiting protein denaturation induced by albumin hyperthermia, compared to ASPEGIC®, which is used as a reference drug in infections. In conclusion, the results indicate that the dry crude latex extract of P. tomentosa has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, which confirms the use of this extract in folk medicine, which could be a first step in introducing it into therapeutic applications.
{"title":"Phytochemical profile, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of crude latex (Pergularia tomentosa L.) in Algerian Saharan","authors":"Khaoula Segueni, A. Chouikh, M. Tlili","doi":"10.55779/nsb15411772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55779/nsb15411772","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the dry crude latex extract from P. tomentosa, endemic to the Sahara, by determining the total content of polyphenols and flavonoids, and detecting the plant compounds by HPLC chromatography. Also, Antioxidant activity was measured through three tests: (BCB) beta-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching assay, (DPPH) radical scavenging and (FRAP) ferric reducing ability assay. In addition, anti-inflammatory activity. The results showed that the dry crude latex extract of P. tomentosa showed moderate content of polyphenols and flavonoids in the dry crude latex extract of P. tomentosa. Besides, qualitative HPLC analysis led to the detection of a group of phenolic compounds of this extract that have therapeutic properties. Also, the studied extract had strong activity in the beta-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching test and the values obtained were very close to the reference gallic acid. The results also indicated significant antioxidant activities in the DPPH and FRAP assay compared to ascorbic acid. In addition, the strong effect of dry crude latex extract from P. tomentosa in inhibiting protein denaturation induced by albumin hyperthermia, compared to ASPEGIC®, which is used as a reference drug in infections. In conclusion, the results indicate that the dry crude latex extract of P. tomentosa has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, which confirms the use of this extract in folk medicine, which could be a first step in introducing it into therapeutic applications.","PeriodicalId":19353,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Scientia Biologicae","volume":"83 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139242965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Makhloufi, Mostefa Lefahal, R. Ayad, Y. Cakmak, Gema Nieto, S. Akkal
Recently, ingredients derived from natural sources have gained increasing interest in the cosmetic field due to their low toxicity. Therefore, this study was designed to explore the cosmetic potential of Helosciadium crassipes Koch (Apiaceae) species growing in Algeria as a promising natural preservative and broad-spectrum UV protection additive. In our study, the in-vitro antioxidant effect was assessed via DPPH radical scavenging and total antioxidant capacity by phosphomolybdenum method (TAC), while the protection against UVB radiation was evaluated according to the sun protection factor (SPF) by using UV spectroscopic technic at wavelengths ranging from 290 to 320 nm and Mansur’s equation, for the photoprotective effect against long-wavelength UVA, UVA/UVB and critical wavelength (λc) parameters were evaluated. The outcomes showed that among the tested extracts, the methanolic extract (MeOH) contains high levels of phenolics and flavonoids, and possesses a significant antioxidant effect, particularly in DPPH radical scavenging assay. Similarly, this last one exhibited high photoprotective activity in UVB and UVA ranges. The gathered results reveal the possibility of using this extract as a good natural additive to be incorporated into cosmetic formulations as a broad-spectrum UV protection candidate and as a preservative agent.
{"title":"Helosciadium crassipes Koch (Apiaceae) extracts as natural sunscreen and preservative additives","authors":"E. Makhloufi, Mostefa Lefahal, R. Ayad, Y. Cakmak, Gema Nieto, S. Akkal","doi":"10.55779/nsb15411639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55779/nsb15411639","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, ingredients derived from natural sources have gained increasing interest in the cosmetic field due to their low toxicity. Therefore, this study was designed to explore the cosmetic potential of Helosciadium crassipes Koch (Apiaceae) species growing in Algeria as a promising natural preservative and broad-spectrum UV protection additive. In our study, the in-vitro antioxidant effect was assessed via DPPH radical scavenging and total antioxidant capacity by phosphomolybdenum method (TAC), while the protection against UVB radiation was evaluated according to the sun protection factor (SPF) by using UV spectroscopic technic at wavelengths ranging from 290 to 320 nm and Mansur’s equation, for the photoprotective effect against long-wavelength UVA, UVA/UVB and critical wavelength (λc) parameters were evaluated. The outcomes showed that among the tested extracts, the methanolic extract (MeOH) contains high levels of phenolics and flavonoids, and possesses a significant antioxidant effect, particularly in DPPH radical scavenging assay. Similarly, this last one exhibited high photoprotective activity in UVB and UVA ranges. The gathered results reveal the possibility of using this extract as a good natural additive to be incorporated into cosmetic formulations as a broad-spectrum UV protection candidate and as a preservative agent.","PeriodicalId":19353,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Scientia Biologicae","volume":"2 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139243886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nanoparticles (NPs) play a significant role in protecting human and environmental health. Worldwide, research is focused on developing new pharmaceuticals and environmentally safe materials. The current research reports the phytosynthesis of NPs from iron oxide (Fe2O3) mediated through ethanolic extracts of Andrographis serpyllifolia leaf (ASL) and their antimicrobial (bacteria and fungi) and mosquito (Culex quinquefasciatus) larvicidal activity. ASL was treated with aqueous iron chloride solution to turn into synthesized Fe2O3-NPs. The biosynthesized ASL·Fe2O3-NPs were characterized with spectroscopic, electron microscopic and X-ray analyses. The synthesized ASL·Fe2O3-NPs were characteristically showed triclinic crystal shape in SEM. The purity of synthesized Fe2O3 nanoparticles was confirmed by FT-IR analysis. Out of twelve different selective pathogens (4 G+ve bacteria, 4 G-ve bacteria and 4 fungal species) tested with ASL·Fe2O3-NPs, a maximum of 20.3 mm inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus among G+ve bacteria and 19.1 mm inhibition zone against Pseudomonas aeruginosa among G-ve bacteria was observed; while it was 16.9 mm against fungi (Aspergillus niger) at a test concentration of 100 µL. The exposure of 4th instar larvae for 48 h to ASL·Fe2O3-NPs exhibited a significant LC50 value at 12.80 ppm. The study findings reveal that the Fe2O3‑NPs synthesized using A. serpyllifolia leaf extract could be a potential source for antibacterial, antifungal and mosquito larvicidal activities.
{"title":"Antimicrobial and mosquito larvicidal activity of iron oxide nanoparticles phytosynthesized from the medicinal plant Andrographis serpyllifolia","authors":"Venkatachalam Soundarya, N. Karmegam","doi":"10.55779/nsb15411668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55779/nsb15411668","url":null,"abstract":"Nanoparticles (NPs) play a significant role in protecting human and environmental health. Worldwide, research is focused on developing new pharmaceuticals and environmentally safe materials. The current research reports the phytosynthesis of NPs from iron oxide (Fe2O3) mediated through ethanolic extracts of Andrographis serpyllifolia leaf (ASL) and their antimicrobial (bacteria and fungi) and mosquito (Culex quinquefasciatus) larvicidal activity. ASL was treated with aqueous iron chloride solution to turn into synthesized Fe2O3-NPs. The biosynthesized ASL·Fe2O3-NPs were characterized with spectroscopic, electron microscopic and X-ray analyses. The synthesized ASL·Fe2O3-NPs were characteristically showed triclinic crystal shape in SEM. The purity of synthesized Fe2O3 nanoparticles was confirmed by FT-IR analysis. Out of twelve different selective pathogens (4 G+ve bacteria, 4 G-ve bacteria and 4 fungal species) tested with ASL·Fe2O3-NPs, a maximum of 20.3 mm inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus among G+ve bacteria and 19.1 mm inhibition zone against Pseudomonas aeruginosa among G-ve bacteria was observed; while it was 16.9 mm against fungi (Aspergillus niger) at a test concentration of 100 µL. The exposure of 4th instar larvae for 48 h to ASL·Fe2O3-NPs exhibited a significant LC50 value at 12.80 ppm. The study findings reveal that the Fe2O3‑NPs synthesized using A. serpyllifolia leaf extract could be a potential source for antibacterial, antifungal and mosquito larvicidal activities.","PeriodicalId":19353,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Scientia Biologicae","volume":"180 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139243274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Băcilă, Dana Șuteu, Ana Coste, Z. Balázs, G. Coldea
Onobrychis montana DC. Subsp. transsilvanica (Simonk.) Jáv. (Fabaceae) is a plant taxon, endemic to the South-Eastern Carpathians, whose taxonomic status is treated inconsistently by the classic taxonomy based on morphological traits. In a previous study, by sequencing several chloroplast DNA regions and AFLP genotyping, we tried to elucidate the controversy concerning its taxonomic status in relation to the more widespread O. montana DC., and determined its phylogeographic structure within the Carpathians. The present study, based on DNA fingerprinting by seven SSR markers, brings more insights on this problematic taxon by conferring higher resolution and sub-clustering previously identified phylogeographic groups. However, the newly SSR genetic data are in agreement with molecular evidence revealed by AFLP and chloroplastic SNPs and do not support O. montana DC. Subsp. transsilvanica (Simonk.) Jáv. As a distinct species from O. montana DC.
Onobrychis montana DC.Subsp.transsilvanica（Simonk.）Jáv.（豆科）是喀尔巴阡山脉东南部特有的植物分类群，其分类地位与基于形态特征的经典分类法不一致。在之前的研究中，我们通过对几个叶绿体 DNA 区域进行测序和 AFLP 基因分型，试图澄清其分类地位与更广泛分布的 O. montana DC.之间的争议，并确定其在喀尔巴阡山脉内的系统地理结构。本研究基于 7 个 SSR 标记的 DNA 指纹图谱，通过提高分辨率和对以前确定的系统地理群进行亚聚类，对这一问题分类群有了更深入的了解。然而，新的 SSR 遗传数据与 AFLP 和叶绿体 SNP 揭示的分子证据一致，并不支持 O. montana DC.Subsp.作为与 O. montana DC.
{"title":"New insights regarding the taxonomy and phylogeography of Onobrychis montana DC. subsp. transsilvanica (Fabaceae)","authors":"I. Băcilă, Dana Șuteu, Ana Coste, Z. Balázs, G. Coldea","doi":"10.55779/nsb15411730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55779/nsb15411730","url":null,"abstract":"Onobrychis montana DC. Subsp. transsilvanica (Simonk.) Jáv. (Fabaceae) is a plant taxon, endemic to the South-Eastern Carpathians, whose taxonomic status is treated inconsistently by the classic taxonomy based on morphological traits. In a previous study, by sequencing several chloroplast DNA regions and AFLP genotyping, we tried to elucidate the controversy concerning its taxonomic status in relation to the more widespread O. montana DC., and determined its phylogeographic structure within the Carpathians. The present study, based on DNA fingerprinting by seven SSR markers, brings more insights on this problematic taxon by conferring higher resolution and sub-clustering previously identified phylogeographic groups. However, the newly SSR genetic data are in agreement with molecular evidence revealed by AFLP and chloroplastic SNPs and do not support O. montana DC. Subsp. transsilvanica (Simonk.) Jáv. As a distinct species from O. montana DC.","PeriodicalId":19353,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Scientia Biologicae","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139244993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. M. Herrera-Hernández, Esteban Sánchez, C. A. Ramírez-Estrada, Julio C. ANCHONDO-PÁEZ, Sandra PÉREZ-ÁLVAREZ
The objective of the present study was to characterize the contribution of essential and non-essential amino acids, protein, iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) concentration, and antioxidant activity of the main bean varieties produced and consumed in Mexico. 23 varieties of beans were selected, and their amino acid profile, Fe and Zn concentration, protein and antioxidant activity were evaluated. The data obtained were subjected to an analysis of variance, test of separation of means and a correlation analysis. The results obtained indicate that the beans analyzed are an excellent source of essential amino acids (Histidine, threonine, valine, methionine, lysine, isoleucine, leucine and phenylalanine) and non-essential amino acids (Aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, proline, cysteine, tyrosine and arginine). The most prominent amino acids in Mexican bean varieties were: Glutamic acid, proline, aspartic acid, serine, lysine, and leucine. Regarding antioxidant activity, the most outstanding concentrations ranged from 91.18 to 96.76% inhibition. The bean varieties with the highest accumulation of amino acids, proteins, Fe, Zn and antioxidant activity were: 1) Black-eyed (23); 2) Peruvian (154); 3) Flor de Junio (150); 4) Pinto Saltillo (155). Finally, it was found that the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an excellent vehicle for the biofortification of Fe and Zn, which can contribute significantly to combat malnutrition problems and health of vulnerable communities in the urban and rural sectors of Mexico, as well as in the developing countries of the world.
{"title":"Supply of essential and nonessential amino acids, proteins, antioxidants, iron and zinc from the main varieties of beans consumed in Mexico and their potential for biofortification","authors":"I. M. Herrera-Hernández, Esteban Sánchez, C. A. Ramírez-Estrada, Julio C. ANCHONDO-PÁEZ, Sandra PÉREZ-ÁLVAREZ","doi":"10.55779/nsb15411733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55779/nsb15411733","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present study was to characterize the contribution of essential and non-essential amino acids, protein, iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) concentration, and antioxidant activity of the main bean varieties produced and consumed in Mexico. 23 varieties of beans were selected, and their amino acid profile, Fe and Zn concentration, protein and antioxidant activity were evaluated. The data obtained were subjected to an analysis of variance, test of separation of means and a correlation analysis. The results obtained indicate that the beans analyzed are an excellent source of essential amino acids (Histidine, threonine, valine, methionine, lysine, isoleucine, leucine and phenylalanine) and non-essential amino acids (Aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, proline, cysteine, tyrosine and arginine). The most prominent amino acids in Mexican bean varieties were: Glutamic acid, proline, aspartic acid, serine, lysine, and leucine. Regarding antioxidant activity, the most outstanding concentrations ranged from 91.18 to 96.76% inhibition. The bean varieties with the highest accumulation of amino acids, proteins, Fe, Zn and antioxidant activity were: 1) Black-eyed (23); 2) Peruvian (154); 3) Flor de Junio (150); 4) Pinto Saltillo (155). Finally, it was found that the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an excellent vehicle for the biofortification of Fe and Zn, which can contribute significantly to combat malnutrition problems and health of vulnerable communities in the urban and rural sectors of Mexico, as well as in the developing countries of the world.","PeriodicalId":19353,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Scientia Biologicae","volume":"36 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139245456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hatika Rahmawan, Abdul Qadir, Maryati Sari, Muhammad Imam Surya
Raspberries are subtropical plants that contain high levels of vitamin C, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory. They can potentially be developed as horticultural and medicinal plants. Dormancy is a challenge in the cultivation of raspberries (Rubus fraxinifolius Poir.). This study was conducted as two separate experiments. The first experiment aimed to identify the dormancy mechanism of R. fraxinifolius seed. In a two-factor factorial design, the first factor was seed storage, as unstored and three-month-stored, and the second factor was chemical-immersed treatment consisting of control, H2SO4, acetone, GA3, KNO3, H2SO4-GA3, acetone-GA3, H2SO4-KNO3, acetone-KNO3. The second experiment was aimed at determining dormancy-breaking methods for R. fraxinifolius seeds. In main plots were filter paper and cocopeat germination substrates. The subplots included control, immersed with distilled water, H2SO4, ultrafine bubble water, and temperature treatment at −80 °C, 50 °C, and 70 °C. The germination of unstored and three-month-stored seeds increased after H2SO4 treatment (36 to 82% and 82 to 94%, respectively). Seed germination increased after three months of storage. There was an increase in cytokinin hormone levels along with germination enhancement. The seeds went into physical dormancy because their seed coat was hard, and they went into physiological dormancy because of low cytokinin concentration. Stratification at 50 °C increased germination (78.5 to 93.0%), reduced dormancy intensity (15 to 6.5%), and increased the percentage of the speed of germination (1.99 to 3.12 ) on filter paper substrate.
{"title":"Seed dormancy mechanism and dormancy-breaking methods in wild raspberry (Rubus fraxinifolius Poir.)","authors":"Hatika Rahmawan, Abdul Qadir, Maryati Sari, Muhammad Imam Surya","doi":"10.55779/nsb15411675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55779/nsb15411675","url":null,"abstract":"Raspberries are subtropical plants that contain high levels of vitamin C, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory. They can potentially be developed as horticultural and medicinal plants. Dormancy is a challenge in the cultivation of raspberries (Rubus fraxinifolius Poir.). This study was conducted as two separate experiments. The first experiment aimed to identify the dormancy mechanism of R. fraxinifolius seed. In a two-factor factorial design, the first factor was seed storage, as unstored and three-month-stored, and the second factor was chemical-immersed treatment consisting of control, H2SO4, acetone, GA3, KNO3, H2SO4-GA3, acetone-GA3, H2SO4-KNO3, acetone-KNO3. The second experiment was aimed at determining dormancy-breaking methods for R. fraxinifolius seeds. In main plots were filter paper and cocopeat germination substrates. The subplots included control, immersed with distilled water, H2SO4, ultrafine bubble water, and temperature treatment at −80 °C, 50 °C, and 70 °C. The germination of unstored and three-month-stored seeds increased after H2SO4 treatment (36 to 82% and 82 to 94%, respectively). Seed germination increased after three months of storage. There was an increase in cytokinin hormone levels along with germination enhancement. The seeds went into physical dormancy because their seed coat was hard, and they went into physiological dormancy because of low cytokinin concentration. Stratification at 50 °C increased germination (78.5 to 93.0%), reduced dormancy intensity (15 to 6.5%), and increased the percentage of the speed of germination (1.99 to 3.12 ) on filter paper substrate.","PeriodicalId":19353,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Scientia Biologicae","volume":"133 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139243111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karen A. VARGAS-FLORES, Joel Rascón-Solano, Javier Hernández-Salas, Marín POMPA-GARCÍA
It is noteworthy that in the last decade, there has been an increase in the number of studies predicting normal diameter, total height, and stem volume based on stump dimensions. Therefore, the objectives were: a) to determine the mathematical model that best estimates normal diameter, total height, stem volume, and captured carbon as a function of stump diameter for Pinus arizonica Engelm. in northern Mexico; and b) to generate mathematical models through data processing in the Microsoft Excel program. Using a targeted sampling design, we selected 264 Pinus arizonica Engelm. trees to generate the database. The development of prediction models for normal diameter, total height, total tree volume, and captured carbon as a function of stump diameter was carried out using the Microsoft Excel database management package. The fit's adequacy was analyzed based on residuals and statistics such as the root mean square error, the adjusted coefficient of determination, and the coefficient of variation. Model fits indicate a linear trend for the normal diameter variable, while for total height, the model turned out to be logarithmic. As for total tree volume and captured carbon, the relationship is exponential in relation to stump diameter. The R2adj fits were highly reliable for estimating normal diameter, total tree volume, and captured carbon, with values exceeding 95%. The development of prediction models using Microsoft Excel is viable according to the results presented here. The tested techniques can be replicated by forestry technicians, environmental inspectors, and forest landowners who do not have specialized knowledge in the generation prediction models.
值得注意的是，在过去十年中，根据树桩尺寸预测正常直径、总高度和茎干体积的研究越来越多。因此，我们的目标是：a）确定一个数学模型，该模型能最好地估计墨西哥北部 Pinus arizonica Engelm.的正常直径、总高度、茎干体积和捕获碳与树桩直径的函数关系；b）通过 Microsoft Excel 程序处理数据生成数学模型。通过有针对性的取样设计，我们选择了 264 棵 Pinus arizonica Engelm.使用 Microsoft Excel 数据库管理软件包建立了正常直径、总高度、总树量和捕获碳与树桩直径函数的预测模型。根据残差和均方根误差、调整后的判定系数和变异系数等统计数据，分析了拟合的充分性。模型拟合结果表明，正常直径变量呈线性趋势，而总高度的模型则呈对数趋势。至于树木总体积和碳捕获量，其关系与树桩直径呈指数关系。在估算正常直径、树木总体积和捕获的碳时，R2adj拟合值非常可靠，超过了95%。根据本文提供的结果，使用 Microsoft Excel 开发预测模型是可行的。不具备生成预测模型专业知识的林业技术人员、环境检查员和林地所有者都可以复制测试的技术。
{"title":"Estimating dendrometric variables, volume and carbon from stump diameter for Pinus arizonica Engelm. in northern Mexico","authors":"Karen A. VARGAS-FLORES, Joel Rascón-Solano, Javier Hernández-Salas, Marín POMPA-GARCÍA","doi":"10.55779/nsb15411704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55779/nsb15411704","url":null,"abstract":"It is noteworthy that in the last decade, there has been an increase in the number of studies predicting normal diameter, total height, and stem volume based on stump dimensions. Therefore, the objectives were: a) to determine the mathematical model that best estimates normal diameter, total height, stem volume, and captured carbon as a function of stump diameter for Pinus arizonica Engelm. in northern Mexico; and b) to generate mathematical models through data processing in the Microsoft Excel program. Using a targeted sampling design, we selected 264 Pinus arizonica Engelm. trees to generate the database. The development of prediction models for normal diameter, total height, total tree volume, and captured carbon as a function of stump diameter was carried out using the Microsoft Excel database management package. The fit's adequacy was analyzed based on residuals and statistics such as the root mean square error, the adjusted coefficient of determination, and the coefficient of variation. Model fits indicate a linear trend for the normal diameter variable, while for total height, the model turned out to be logarithmic. As for total tree volume and captured carbon, the relationship is exponential in relation to stump diameter. The R2adj fits were highly reliable for estimating normal diameter, total tree volume, and captured carbon, with values exceeding 95%. The development of prediction models using Microsoft Excel is viable according to the results presented here. The tested techniques can be replicated by forestry technicians, environmental inspectors, and forest landowners who do not have specialized knowledge in the generation prediction models.","PeriodicalId":19353,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Scientia Biologicae","volume":"69 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139270771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Understanding the phenotypic variability in root system architecture and root-shoot relationships across different growth stages of wheat is of utmost importance for the improvement of genotypes with enhanced nutrient uptake and resource-use efficiency. This study focused on identifying variations and relationships in the root and shoot characteristics of seven modern cultivars and twelve ancient wheat accessions of different species, including T. monococcum, T. turanicum, T. polonicum, T. mirabile, T. durum, and T. aestivum, during the early vegetative growth and stem elongation stages. The results demonstrated significant phenotypic variation among the genotypes for shoot traits, root biomass, rooting depth, R/S ratio, and seminal and nodal root numbers. When considering both growth stages, the dry land-adapted cultivar ‘Taner’ and ancient wheat species, such as T. turanicum (2) and T. monococcum (1) accessions, exhibited deeper roots, which can enhance access to water in drought-prone areas. Furthermore, it was observed that modern wheat cultivars and T. turanicum accessions exhibited increased root biomass, suggesting a higher allocation of resources towards root growth, which could potentially enhance nutrient uptake. Conversely, T. monococcum accessions and T. mirabile revealed lower root biomass compared to other ancient species and modern cultivars. Additionally, the unrooted cluster analysis based on root biomass, rooting depth, and root to shoot ratio at both growth stages indicated a distinct separation of T. monococcum accessions and T. mirabile from other genotypes. Overall, these findings underscore the importance of phenotypic diversity in root traits for crop improvement and adaptation to varying environments. Identifying genotypes with desirable root characteristics can enhance nutrient and water uptake efficiencies, leading to increased crop productivity and sustainability.
了解小麦不同生长阶段根系结构和根-芽关系的表型变异对于改良具有更强养分吸收能力和资源利用效率的基因型至关重要。本研究的重点是鉴定七个现代栽培品种和十二个不同物种的古老小麦品种（包括 T. monococcum、T. turanicum、T. polonicum、T. mirabile、T. durum 和 T. aestivum）在早期无性生长和茎伸长阶段的根和芽特征的变异和关系。结果表明，不同基因型在芽的性状、根的生物量、生根深度、R/S 比、精根和节根数等方面存在明显的表型差异。考虑到两个生长阶段，适应旱地的栽培品种 "Taner "和古老的小麦品种，如T. turanicum（2）和T. monococcum（1），都表现出较深的根系，这可以提高易旱地区的水分利用率。此外，还观察到现代小麦栽培品种和 T. turanicum 品种的根生物量有所增加，这表明根系生长的资源分配较多，有可能提高养分吸收率。相反，与其他古老物种和现代栽培品种相比，T. monococcum 和 T. mirabile 的根生物量较低。此外，根据两个生长阶段的根生物量、扎根深度和根芽比进行的无根聚类分析表明，T. monococcum 和 T. mirabile 与其他基因型有明显的区别。总之，这些发现强调了根系特征表型多样性对作物改良和适应不同环境的重要性。确定具有理想根系特征的基因型可提高养分和水分吸收效率，从而提高作物产量和可持续性。
{"title":"Unrevalling phenotypic diversity of root system architecture in ancient wheat species versus modern wheat cultivars","authors":"H. Akman, Emine Yildirim, S. Bağci","doi":"10.55779/nsb15411703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55779/nsb15411703","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the phenotypic variability in root system architecture and root-shoot relationships across different growth stages of wheat is of utmost importance for the improvement of genotypes with enhanced nutrient uptake and resource-use efficiency. This study focused on identifying variations and relationships in the root and shoot characteristics of seven modern cultivars and twelve ancient wheat accessions of different species, including T. monococcum, T. turanicum, T. polonicum, T. mirabile, T. durum, and T. aestivum, during the early vegetative growth and stem elongation stages. The results demonstrated significant phenotypic variation among the genotypes for shoot traits, root biomass, rooting depth, R/S ratio, and seminal and nodal root numbers. When considering both growth stages, the dry land-adapted cultivar ‘Taner’ and ancient wheat species, such as T. turanicum (2) and T. monococcum (1) accessions, exhibited deeper roots, which can enhance access to water in drought-prone areas. Furthermore, it was observed that modern wheat cultivars and T. turanicum accessions exhibited increased root biomass, suggesting a higher allocation of resources towards root growth, which could potentially enhance nutrient uptake. Conversely, T. monococcum accessions and T. mirabile revealed lower root biomass compared to other ancient species and modern cultivars. Additionally, the unrooted cluster analysis based on root biomass, rooting depth, and root to shoot ratio at both growth stages indicated a distinct separation of T. monococcum accessions and T. mirabile from other genotypes. Overall, these findings underscore the importance of phenotypic diversity in root traits for crop improvement and adaptation to varying environments. Identifying genotypes with desirable root characteristics can enhance nutrient and water uptake efficiencies, leading to increased crop productivity and sustainability.","PeriodicalId":19353,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Scientia Biologicae","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139268636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guohui Zhou, Yanping Ren, Li Ma, Cong Cheng, Bo Wang, Z. Yao, Shanshan Li, Meini Tao, Yue Zhao, Zhiqiang Li, Hua Zhang
The MYB transcription factor family is widespread in plants and plays an important role in plant growth and development as well as in plant responses to stress. The MYB transcription factor family has been identified in a variety of organisms; however, it has not been identified and analysed in the desert plant Haloxylon ammodendron. In this study, R2R3-MYB genes were identified and analysed using a bioinformatic approach. A total of 78 R2R3-MYB genes were identified and named according to their position on the chromosome. The R2R3-MYB genes were unevenly distributed on nine chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the HaMYB genes were all divided into 31 subfamilies. Covariance analysis revealed the presence of three pairs of fragmentary duplicated genes in H. ammodendron (HaMYB54 and HaMYB17, HaMYB44 and HaMYB36, HaMYB42 and HaMYB27). Gene structure and conserved structural domain analysis revealed different subgroups with different orders of magnitude of variation in gene structures and conserved structural domains. Analysis of cis-elements showed that the cis-acting elements of HaMYBs were mainly associated with hormone and abiotic stress responses. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression levels of HaR2R3-MYB genes, and six HaR2R3-MYB genes were found to respond to salt stress and six HaR2R3-MYB genes to drought stress, with HaMYB22 and HaMYB27 showing upregulated expression under both stresses. Transcriptome analysis showed that HaMYB63 was significantly differentially expressed in the assimilated branches of H. ammodendron, and the subcellular localization of this protein showed that it was located in the nucleus and had transcriptional self-activating activity. These results provide a theoretical basis for further studies on the functions of the R2R3-MYB gene family and the molecular mechanisms of resistance in H. ammodendron.
{"title":"Identification and transcriptome analysis of the R2R3-MYB gene family in Haloxylon ammodendron","authors":"Guohui Zhou, Yanping Ren, Li Ma, Cong Cheng, Bo Wang, Z. Yao, Shanshan Li, Meini Tao, Yue Zhao, Zhiqiang Li, Hua Zhang","doi":"10.55779/nsb15411649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55779/nsb15411649","url":null,"abstract":"The MYB transcription factor family is widespread in plants and plays an important role in plant growth and development as well as in plant responses to stress. The MYB transcription factor family has been identified in a variety of organisms; however, it has not been identified and analysed in the desert plant Haloxylon ammodendron. In this study, R2R3-MYB genes were identified and analysed using a bioinformatic approach. A total of 78 R2R3-MYB genes were identified and named according to their position on the chromosome. The R2R3-MYB genes were unevenly distributed on nine chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the HaMYB genes were all divided into 31 subfamilies. Covariance analysis revealed the presence of three pairs of fragmentary duplicated genes in H. ammodendron (HaMYB54 and HaMYB17, HaMYB44 and HaMYB36, HaMYB42 and HaMYB27). Gene structure and conserved structural domain analysis revealed different subgroups with different orders of magnitude of variation in gene structures and conserved structural domains. Analysis of cis-elements showed that the cis-acting elements of HaMYBs were mainly associated with hormone and abiotic stress responses. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression levels of HaR2R3-MYB genes, and six HaR2R3-MYB genes were found to respond to salt stress and six HaR2R3-MYB genes to drought stress, with HaMYB22 and HaMYB27 showing upregulated expression under both stresses. Transcriptome analysis showed that HaMYB63 was significantly differentially expressed in the assimilated branches of H. ammodendron, and the subcellular localization of this protein showed that it was located in the nucleus and had transcriptional self-activating activity. These results provide a theoretical basis for further studies on the functions of the R2R3-MYB gene family and the molecular mechanisms of resistance in H. ammodendron.","PeriodicalId":19353,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Scientia Biologicae","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139273791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plants activate their defence mechanisms to prevent damage caused by environmental stimuli through signaling pathways controlled by growth regulators. These stresses adversely affect plants' growth, disrupting the genetic control of cellular pathways and altering their metabolism, physiology and morphology. Auxin influences phenotypic plasticity under optimal and unfavourable growth conditions. This review discusses the progress in the research on auxin-mediated stress alleviation in response to abiotic stresses in plants. Then, a brief presentation of studies emphasizing the significance of auxin-producing actinobacteria and how microbial auxin promotes plant development and stress tolerance. Then, the review probes the importance of actinobacteria strains as auxin metabolic engineers and their use as natural auxin suppliers in agriculture. Finally, the review explores future biotechnology possibilities through small-scale, large-scale production and agriculture's gradual banishment of chemical phytosanitary inputs.
{"title":"Auxin originated from Actinobacteria participates in abiotic stress mitigation and sustainable crop production","authors":"Wiem Alloun, Hadjer Kecis, Samah Chaoua, Bertrand Cornu, Hadjer Djelid, M. Gares, Noreddine Kacem Chaouche","doi":"10.55779/nsb15411602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55779/nsb15411602","url":null,"abstract":"Plants activate their defence mechanisms to prevent damage caused by environmental stimuli through signaling pathways controlled by growth regulators. These stresses adversely affect plants' growth, disrupting the genetic control of cellular pathways and altering their metabolism, physiology and morphology. Auxin influences phenotypic plasticity under optimal and unfavourable growth conditions. This review discusses the progress in the research on auxin-mediated stress alleviation in response to abiotic stresses in plants. Then, a brief presentation of studies emphasizing the significance of auxin-producing actinobacteria and how microbial auxin promotes plant development and stress tolerance. Then, the review probes the importance of actinobacteria strains as auxin metabolic engineers and their use as natural auxin suppliers in agriculture. Finally, the review explores future biotechnology possibilities through small-scale, large-scale production and agriculture's gradual banishment of chemical phytosanitary inputs.","PeriodicalId":19353,"journal":{"name":"Notulae Scientia Biologicae","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139271949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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