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Gut bacteria facilitate leaf beetles in adapting to dietary specialization by enhancing larval fitness. 肠道细菌通过提高幼虫的适应能力,促进叶甲虫适应食物的专门化。
IF 7.8 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00587-5
Meiqi Ma, Jing Luo, Xiaotong Chen, Chong Li, Siqun Li, Jianghua Sun, Letian Xu

Dietary specialization between insect stages can reduce intraspecific food competition. The involvement of gut bacteria and the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon received limited attention. Plagiodera versicolora is a pest harming Salicaceae trees. Here, we confirmed dietary specialization in P. versicolora, wherein adults prefer new leaves, while larvae predominantly consume mature leaves when both types are available. We demonstrated the larval preference for mature leaves confers ecological advantages by promoting growth, development and immunity and this advantage is contingent upon the presence of gut bacteria. Gut microbiota in larvae revealed a significant enrichment of Pantoea when feeding new leaves, with P. anthophila exhibiting the most pronounced inhibitory effect on larval development. Further exploration identified specific metabolites, such as Tyrosyl-valine, with higher content in new leaves, which serve as substrates for the entomopathogenic gut bacterium to facilitate its proliferation. This study provides a fresh perspective on the ecological role of gut bacteria.

昆虫不同阶段之间的食物专一性可以减少种内食物竞争。肠道细菌的参与和这一现象的内在机制受到的关注有限。Plagiodera versicolora 是一种危害水杨科树木的害虫。在这里,我们证实了 P. versicolora 的食物专一性,即成虫偏爱新叶,而幼虫在两种叶片都有的情况下则主要食用成熟叶片。我们证明,幼虫偏爱成熟树叶能促进生长、发育和免疫,从而带来生态优势,而这种优势取决于肠道细菌的存在。幼虫的肠道微生物群显示,在取食新叶时,盘菌显著富集,其中嗜蚁盘菌对幼虫的发育有最明显的抑制作用。进一步研究发现,新叶中的酪氨酰-缬氨酸等特定代谢物含量较高,可作为昆虫病原肠道细菌的底物,促进其增殖。这项研究为肠道细菌的生态作用提供了一个全新的视角。
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引用次数: 0
Community successional patterns and inter-kingdom interactions during granular biofilm development. 颗粒生物膜发育过程中的群落演替模式和生物界之间的相互作用
IF 7.8 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00581-x
Miguel de Celis, Oskar Modin, Lucía Arregui, Frank Persson, Antonio Santos, Ignacio Belda, Britt-Marie Wilén, Raquel Liébana

Aerobic granular sludge is a compact and efficient biofilm process used for wastewater treatment which has received much attention and is currently being implemented worldwide. The microbial associations and their ecological implications occurring during granule development, especially those involving inter-kingdom interactions, are poorly understood. In this work, we monitored the prokaryote and eukaryote community composition and structure during the granulation of activated sludge for 343 days in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and investigated the influence of abiotic and biotic factors on the granule development. Sludge granulation was accomplished with low-wash-out dynamics at long settling times, allowing for the microbial communities to adapt to the SBR environmental conditions. The sludge granulation and associated changes in microbial community structure could be divided into three stages: floccular, intermediate, and granular. The eukaryotic and prokaryotic communities showed parallel successional dynamics, with three main sub-communities identified for each kingdom, dominating in each stage of sludge granulation. Although inter-kingdom interactions were shown to affect community succession during the whole experiment, during granule development random factors like the availability of settlement sites or drift acquired increasing importance. The prokaryotic community was more affected by deterministic factors, including reactor conditions, while the eukaryotic community was to a larger extent shaped by biotic interactions (including inter-kingdom interactions) and stochasticity.

好氧颗粒污泥是一种用于污水处理的紧凑而高效的生物膜工艺,受到了广泛关注,目前正在全球范围内实施。人们对颗粒发展过程中发生的微生物关联及其对生态的影响,尤其是那些涉及生物界间相互作用的关联及其对生态的影响知之甚少。在这项研究中,我们在一个序批式反应器(SBR)中对活性污泥造粒过程中的原核生物和真核生物群落组成和结构进行了长达 343 天的监测,并研究了非生物因素和生物因素对颗粒发育的影响。污泥造粒是在长时间沉淀的低冲洗动态条件下完成的,这使得微生物群落能够适应 SBR 的环境条件。污泥颗粒化和微生物群落结构的相关变化可分为三个阶段:絮状、中间和颗粒。真核生物群落和原核生物群落呈现出平行的演替动态,每个王国都有三个主要的亚群落,在污泥颗粒化的每个阶段都占主导地位。虽然在整个实验过程中,生物群落间的相互作用影响了群落的演替,但在颗粒的形成过程中,随机因素(如定居地的可用性或漂移)的重要性与日俱增。原核生物群落更多地受到确定性因素(包括反应器条件)的影响,而真核生物群落则在更大程度上受到生物相互作用(包括生物界之间的相互作用)和随机性的影响。
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引用次数: 0
EphA2 blockage ALW-II-41-27 alleviates atherosclerosis by remodeling gut microbiota to regulate bile acid metabolism. EphA2阻断剂ALW-II-41-27通过重塑肠道微生物群来调节胆汁酸代谢,从而缓解动脉粥样硬化。
IF 7.8 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00585-7
Cong Lu, Dan Liu, Qiao Wu, Jie Zeng, Yan Xiong, Tiantian Luo

Coronary artery disease (CAD), a critical condition resulting from systemic inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, and gut microbiota dysbiosis, poses a global public health challenge. ALW-II-41-27, a specific inhibitor of the EphA2 receptor, has shown anti-inflammatory prosperities. However, the impact of ALW-II-41-27 on atherosclerosis has not been elucidated. This study aimed to examine the roles of pharmacologically inhibiting EphA2 and the underlying mechanism in ameliorating atherosclerosis. ALW-II-41-27 was administered to apoE-/- mice fed a high-fat diet via intraperitoneal injection. We first discovered that ALW-II-41-27 led to a significant reduction in atherosclerotic plaques, evidenced by reduced lipid and macrophage accumulation, alongside an increase in collagen and smooth muscle cell content. ALW-II-41-27 also significantly lowered plasma and hepatic cholesterol levels, as well as the colonic inflammation. Furthermore, gut microbiota was analyzed by metagenomics and plasma metabolites by untargeted metabolomics. ALW-II-41-27-treated mice enriched Enterococcus, Akkermansia, Eggerthella and Lactobaccilus, accompanied by enhanced secondary bile acids production. To explore the causal link between ALW-II-41-27-associated gut microbiota and atherosclerosis, fecal microbiota transplantation was employed. Mice that received ALW-II-41-27-treated mouse feces exhibited the attenuated atherosclerotic plaque. In clinical, lower plasma DCA and HDCA levels were determined in CAD patients using quantitative metabolomics and exhibited a negative correlation with higher monocytes EphA2 expression. Our findings underscore the potential of ALW-II-41-27 as a novel therapeutic agent for atherosclerosis, highlighting its capacity to modulate gut microbiota composition and bile acid metabolism, thereby offering a promising avenue for CAD.

冠状动脉疾病(CAD)是由全身炎症、代谢功能障碍和肠道微生物群失调引起的一种严重疾病,对全球公共卫生构成挑战。ALW-II-41-27是EphA2受体的特异性抑制剂,具有抗炎功效。然而,ALW-II-41-27 对动脉粥样硬化的影响尚未阐明。本研究旨在探讨药物抑制 EphA2 在改善动脉粥样硬化中的作用及其内在机制。我们通过腹腔注射 ALW-II-41-27 给以高脂饮食喂养的载脂蛋白E-/-小鼠。我们首先发现,ALW-II-41-27 能显著减少动脉粥样硬化斑块,这体现在脂质和巨噬细胞积聚减少,胶原蛋白和平滑肌细胞含量增加。ALW-II-41-27 还能显著降低血浆和肝脏胆固醇水平以及结肠炎症。此外,元基因组学分析了肠道微生物群,非靶向代谢组学分析了血浆代谢物。经ALW-II-41-27处理的小鼠体内富含肠球菌、Akkermansia、Eggerthella和乳酸杆菌,并伴有次级胆汁酸的产生。为了探索 ALW-II-41-27 相关肠道微生物群与动脉粥样硬化之间的因果关系,我们采用了粪便微生物群移植。接受了经 ALW-II-41-27 处理的小鼠粪便的小鼠动脉粥样硬化斑块有所减轻。在临床上,使用定量代谢组学方法测定了 CAD 患者较低的血浆 DCA 和 HDCA 水平,并发现它们与较高的单核细胞 EphA2 表达呈负相关。我们的研究结果强调了 ALW-II-41-27 作为动脉粥样硬化新型治疗剂的潜力,突出了其调节肠道微生物群组成和胆汁酸代谢的能力,从而为治疗 CAD 提供了一条前景广阔的途径。
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引用次数: 0
Riboflavin for women's health and emerging microbiome strategies. 促进妇女健康的核黄素和新兴微生物群战略。
IF 7.8 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00579-5
Caroline E M K Dricot, Isabel Erreygers, Eline Cauwenberghs, Jocelyn De Paz, Irina Spacova, Veronique Verhoeven, Sarah Ahannach, Sarah Lebeer

Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is an essential water-soluble vitamin that serves as a precursor of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). FMN and FAD are coenzymes involved in key enzymatic reactions in energy metabolism, biosynthesis, detoxification and electron scavenging pathways. Riboflavin deficiency is prevalent worldwide and impacts women's health due to riboflavin demands linked to urogenital and reproductive health, hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and breastfeeding. Innovative functional foods and nutraceuticals are increasingly developed to meet women's riboflavin needs to supplement dietary sources. An emerging and particularly promising strategy is the administration of riboflavin-producing lactic acid bacteria, combining the health benefits of riboflavin with those of probiotics and in situ riboflavin production. Specific taxa of lactobacilli are of particular interest for women, because of the crucial role of Lactobacillus species in the vagina and the documented health effects of other Lactobacillaceae taxa in the gut and on the skin. In this narrative review, we synthesize the underlying molecular mechanisms and clinical benefits of riboflavin intake for women's health, and evaluate the synergistic potential of riboflavin-producing lactobacilli and other microbiota.

核黄素(维生素 B2)是一种必需的水溶性维生素,是黄素单核苷酸(FMN)和黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸(FAD)的前体。FMN 和 FAD 是参与能量代谢、生物合成、解毒和电子清除途径中关键酶促反应的辅酶。核黄素缺乏症在全球普遍存在,由于核黄素的需求与泌尿生殖系统和生殖健康、月经周期中的荷尔蒙波动、怀孕和哺乳有关,因此对妇女的健康产生了影响。为满足妇女对核黄素的需求,人们越来越多地开发创新功能食品和营养保健品,以补充膳食来源。一种新兴的、特别有前景的策略是服用能产生核黄素的乳酸菌,将核黄素的健康益处与益生菌的健康益处和核黄素的原位生产结合起来。由于乳酸杆菌在阴道中的关键作用,以及其他乳酸菌科类群在肠道和皮肤中的健康作用,女性对特定类群的乳酸菌尤其感兴趣。在这篇叙述性综述中,我们总结了摄入核黄素对女性健康的潜在分子机制和临床益处,并评估了产生核黄素的乳酸杆菌和其他微生物群的协同潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Antimicrobial and antibiotic-potentiating effect of calcium peroxide nanoparticles on oral bacterial biofilms. 过氧化钙纳米颗粒对口腔细菌生物膜的抗菌和抗生素增效作用。
IF 7.8 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00569-7
Neha Bankar, Lorenz Latta, Brigitta Loretz, Bashar Reda, Johanna Dudek, Hendrik Hähl, Matthias Hannig, Claus-Michael Lehr

Bacterial biofilms represent a prominent biological barrier against physical and chemical attacks. Disturbing the anaerobic microenvironment within biofilms by co-delivery of oxygen appears as a promising strategy to enhance the activity of an antibiotic. Here, we report the effect of oxygen-producing calcium peroxide nanoparticles (CaO2 NP) in combination with tobramycin sulfate (Tob). On Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilms in vitro, the additive effect of CaO2 NP towards Tob activity enhanced biofilm eradication by 2 log compared to Tob alone. For natural biofilms grown in the oral cavity of human volunteers in situ, treatment by CaO2 NP alone slightly increased the fraction of dead bacteria from 44% in various controls, including Tob alone, to 57%. However, the combination of CaO2 NP with Tob further increased the fraction of dead bacteria to 69%. These data confirm the intrinsic antimicrobial and antibiotic-potentiating effect of CaO2 NP also in a clinically relevant setting.

细菌生物膜是抵御物理和化学攻击的重要生物屏障。通过联合输送氧气来扰乱生物膜内的厌氧微环境似乎是一种很有前景的增强抗生素活性的策略。在这里,我们报告了产生氧气的过氧化钙纳米颗粒(CaO2 NP)与硫酸妥布霉素(Tob)的结合效果。在体外铜绿假单胞菌 PAO1 生物膜上,与单独使用硫酸妥布霉素相比,CaO2 NP 对硫酸妥布霉素活性的叠加效应使生物膜的根除率提高了 2 log。对于在人体志愿者口腔中原位生长的天然生物膜,单独使用 CaO2 NP 处理可使死亡细菌的比例从各种对照组(包括单独使用 Tob)的 44% 略微提高到 57%。然而,将二氧化钙氮氧化物与 Tob 结合使用可进一步将细菌死亡比例提高到 69%。这些数据证实了二氧化钙氮氧化物在临床相关环境中的内在抗菌和抗生素增效作用。
{"title":"Antimicrobial and antibiotic-potentiating effect of calcium peroxide nanoparticles on oral bacterial biofilms.","authors":"Neha Bankar, Lorenz Latta, Brigitta Loretz, Bashar Reda, Johanna Dudek, Hendrik Hähl, Matthias Hannig, Claus-Michael Lehr","doi":"10.1038/s41522-024-00569-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-024-00569-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacterial biofilms represent a prominent biological barrier against physical and chemical attacks. Disturbing the anaerobic microenvironment within biofilms by co-delivery of oxygen appears as a promising strategy to enhance the activity of an antibiotic. Here, we report the effect of oxygen-producing calcium peroxide nanoparticles (CaO<sub>2</sub> NP) in combination with tobramycin sulfate (Tob). On Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilms in vitro, the additive effect of CaO<sub>2</sub> NP towards Tob activity enhanced biofilm eradication by 2 log compared to Tob alone. For natural biofilms grown in the oral cavity of human volunteers in situ, treatment by CaO<sub>2</sub> NP alone slightly increased the fraction of dead bacteria from 44% in various controls, including Tob alone, to 57%. However, the combination of CaO<sub>2</sub> NP with Tob further increased the fraction of dead bacteria to 69%. These data confirm the intrinsic antimicrobial and antibiotic-potentiating effect of CaO<sub>2</sub> NP also in a clinically relevant setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":19370,"journal":{"name":"npj Biofilms and Microbiomes","volume":"10 1","pages":"106"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11480382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A functionally augmented carbohydrate utilization locus from herbivore gut microbiota fueled by dietary β-glucans. 来自食草动物肠道微生物群的功能增强型碳水化合物利用位点,由食物中的β-葡聚糖提供燃料。
IF 7.8 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00578-6
Fernanda Mandelli, Marcele Pandeló Martins, Mariana Chinaglia, Evandro Antonio de Lima, Mariana Abrahão Bueno Morais, Tatiani Brenelli Lima, Lucélia Cabral, Renan Augusto Siqueira Pirolla, Felipe Jun Fuzita, Douglas Antônio Alvaredo Paixão, Maxuel de Oliveira Andrade, Lucia Daniela Wolf, Plinio Salmazo Vieira, Gabriela Felix Persinoti, Mario Tyago Murakami

Gut microbiota members from the Bacteroidota phylum play a pivotal role in mammalian health and metabolism. They thrive in this diverse ecosystem due to their notable ability to cope with distinct recalcitrant dietary glycans via polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs). Our study reveals that a PUL from an herbivore gut bacterium belonging to the Bacteroidota phylum, with a gene composition similar to that in the human gut, exhibits extended functionality. While the human gut PUL targets mixed-linkage β-glucans specifically, the herbivore gut PUL also efficiently processes linear and substituted β-1,3-glucans. This gain of function emerges from molecular adaptations in recognition proteins and carbohydrate-active enzymes, including a β-glucosidase specialized for β(1,6)-glucosyl linkages, a typical substitution in β(1,3)-glucans. These findings broaden the existing model for non-cellulosic β-glucans utilization by gut bacteria, revealing an additional layer of functional and evolutionary complexity within the gut microbiota, beyond conventional gene insertions/deletions to intricate biochemical interactions.

类杆菌门的肠道微生物群成员在哺乳动物的健康和新陈代谢中发挥着举足轻重的作用。它们通过多糖利用位点(PULs)处理独特的难处理膳食糖的显著能力使它们在这个多样化的生态系统中茁壮成长。我们的研究发现,属于类杆菌门的一种食草动物肠道细菌的多糖利用位点(PUL)具有与人类肠道细菌相似的基因组成,并具有扩展功能。人类肠道 PUL 专攻混合连接的 β-葡聚糖,而食草动物肠道 PUL 也能有效处理线性和取代的 β-1,3-葡聚糖。这种功能的增加源于识别蛋白和碳水化合物活性酶的分子适应性,其中包括专门处理β(1,6)-葡萄糖基连接的β-葡萄糖苷酶,这是β(1,3)-葡聚糖中的典型替代物。这些发现拓宽了肠道细菌利用非纤维素 β-葡聚糖的现有模式,揭示了肠道微生物群内功能和进化的另一层复杂性,超越了传统的基因插入/缺失,而是错综复杂的生化相互作用。
{"title":"A functionally augmented carbohydrate utilization locus from herbivore gut microbiota fueled by dietary β-glucans.","authors":"Fernanda Mandelli, Marcele Pandeló Martins, Mariana Chinaglia, Evandro Antonio de Lima, Mariana Abrahão Bueno Morais, Tatiani Brenelli Lima, Lucélia Cabral, Renan Augusto Siqueira Pirolla, Felipe Jun Fuzita, Douglas Antônio Alvaredo Paixão, Maxuel de Oliveira Andrade, Lucia Daniela Wolf, Plinio Salmazo Vieira, Gabriela Felix Persinoti, Mario Tyago Murakami","doi":"10.1038/s41522-024-00578-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-024-00578-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gut microbiota members from the Bacteroidota phylum play a pivotal role in mammalian health and metabolism. They thrive in this diverse ecosystem due to their notable ability to cope with distinct recalcitrant dietary glycans via polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs). Our study reveals that a PUL from an herbivore gut bacterium belonging to the Bacteroidota phylum, with a gene composition similar to that in the human gut, exhibits extended functionality. While the human gut PUL targets mixed-linkage β-glucans specifically, the herbivore gut PUL also efficiently processes linear and substituted β-1,3-glucans. This gain of function emerges from molecular adaptations in recognition proteins and carbohydrate-active enzymes, including a β-glucosidase specialized for β(1,6)-glucosyl linkages, a typical substitution in β(1,3)-glucans. These findings broaden the existing model for non-cellulosic β-glucans utilization by gut bacteria, revealing an additional layer of functional and evolutionary complexity within the gut microbiota, beyond conventional gene insertions/deletions to intricate biochemical interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19370,"journal":{"name":"npj Biofilms and Microbiomes","volume":"10 1","pages":"105"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11471779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gut and oral microbiota in gynecological cancers: interaction, mechanism, and therapeutic value. 妇科癌症中的肠道和口腔微生物群:相互作用、机制和治疗价值。
IF 7.8 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00577-7
Jian Wu, Jiarui Li, Meina Yan, Ze Xiang

Gynecologic cancers develop from the female reproductive organs. Microbial dysbiosis in the gut and oral cavity can communicate with each other through various ways, leading to mucosal destruction, inflammatory response, genomic instability, and ultimately inducing cancer and worsening. Here, we introduce the mechanisms of interactions between gut and oral microbiota and their changes in the development of gynecologic tumors. In addition, new therapeutic approaches based on microbiota modulation are discussed.

妇科癌症是从女性生殖器官发展而来的。肠道和口腔中的微生物菌群失调可通过各种方式相互交流,导致黏膜破坏、炎症反应、基因组不稳定,最终诱发癌症并恶化。在此,我们将介绍肠道和口腔微生物群之间的相互作用机制及其在妇科肿瘤发生发展过程中的变化。此外,还讨论了基于微生物群调节的新治疗方法。
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引用次数: 0
Secreted nucleases reclaim extracellular DNA during biofilm development. 分泌的核酸酶在生物膜发育过程中回收细胞外 DNA。
IF 7.8 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00575-9
Stephen M Lander, Garth Fisher, Blake A Everett, Peter Tran, Arthur Prindle

DNA is the genetic code found inside all living cells and its molecular stability can also be utilized outside the cell. While extracellular DNA (eDNA) has been identified as a structural polymer in bacterial biofilms, whether it persists stably throughout development remains unclear. Here, we report that eDNA is temporarily invested in the biofilm matrix before being reclaimed later in development. Specifically, by imaging eDNA dynamics within undomesticated Bacillus subtilis biofilms, we found eDNA is produced during biofilm establishment before being globally degraded in a spatiotemporally coordinated pulse. We identified YhcR, a secreted Ca2+-dependent nuclease, as responsible for eDNA degradation in pellicle biofilms. YhcR cooperates with two other nucleases, NucA and NucB, to reclaim eDNA for its phosphate content in colony biofilms. Our results identify extracellular nucleases that are crucial for eDNA reclamation during biofilm development and we therefore propose a new role for eDNA as a dynamic metabolic reservoir.

DNA 是所有活细胞内的遗传密码,其分子稳定性也可用于细胞外。虽然细胞外 DNA(eDNA)已被确认为细菌生物膜中的一种结构聚合物,但它是否会在整个发育过程中稳定存在仍不清楚。在此,我们报告了 eDNA 在生物膜基质中的临时投入,然后在发育后期被回收。具体来说,通过对未驯化枯草芽孢杆菌生物膜内的 eDNA 动态成像,我们发现 eDNA 在生物膜建立过程中产生,然后以时空协调的脉冲方式被全面降解。我们发现 YhcR 是一种分泌型 Ca2+ 依赖性核酸酶,负责胶粒生物膜中 eDNA 的降解。YhcR 与另外两种核酸酶 NucA 和 NucB 合作,在菌落生物膜中回收 eDNA 的磷酸盐含量。我们的研究结果确定了在生物膜发育过程中对 eDNA 回收至关重要的细胞外核酸酶,因此我们提出了 eDNA 作为动态代谢库的新作用。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamics of drinking water biofilm formation associated with Legionella spp. colonization. 与军团菌定植相关的饮用水生物膜形成动态。
IF 7.8 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00573-x
Céline Margot, William Rhoads, Marco Gabrielli, Margot Olive, Frederik Hammes

Understanding how Legionella spp. proliferate in multispecies biofilms is essential to develop strategies to control their presence in building plumbing. Here, we analyzed biofilm formation and Legionella spp. colonization on new plumbing material during 8 weeks. Biofilm formation was characterized by an initial increase in intact cell concentrations up to 9.5 × 105 cells/cm2, followed by a steady decrease. We identified Comamonas, Caulobacter, Schlegella, Blastomonas and Methyloversatilis as pioneer genera in the biofilm formation process. Importantly, L. pneumophila was the dominant Legionella spp. and rapidly colonized the biofilms, with culturable cell concentrations peaking at 3.1 × 104 MPN/cm2 after 4 weeks already. Moreover, several Legionella species co-occurred and had distinct dynamics of biofilm colonization. Vermamoeba vermiformis (V. vermiformis) was the dominant protist identified with 18S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Together our results highlight that biofilm formation upon introduction of new building plumbing material is a dynamic process where pathogenic Legionella species can be part of the earliest colonizers.

了解军团菌如何在多菌种生物膜中增殖,对于制定控制其在建筑冷热水管道中存在的策略至关重要。在这里,我们分析了生物膜的形成和军团菌属在新管道材料上的定殖情况。生物膜形成的特点是最初完整细胞浓度增加到 9.5 × 105 cells/cm2,随后稳步下降。我们发现 Comamonas、Caulobacter、Schlegella、Blastomonas 和 Methyloversatilis 是生物膜形成过程中的先驱菌属。重要的是,嗜肺军团菌是最主要的军团菌属,并迅速在生物膜上定植,4 周后可培养细胞浓度达到 3.1 × 104 MPN/cm2。此外,还有几种军团菌同时出现,并且在生物膜定殖过程中具有不同的动态变化。通过 18S rRNA 基因扩增片段测序发现,蛭形目蛭吸虫(V. vermiformis)是最主要的原生动物。我们的研究结果突出表明,引入新的建筑管道材料后形成的生物膜是一个动态过程,致病性军团菌可能是最早的定殖者之一。
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引用次数: 0
Staphylococcus aureus SaeRS impairs macrophage immune functions through bacterial clumps formation in the early stage of infection. 金黄色葡萄球菌 SaeRS 在感染早期通过细菌团块的形成损害巨噬细胞的免疫功能。
IF 7.8 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00576-8
Mingzhang Li, Boyong Wang, Jiani Chen, Luhui Jiang, Yawen Zhou, Geyong Guo, Feng Jiang, Yujie Hu, Changming Wang, Yi Yang, Jin Tang, Pei Han, Jinlong Yu, Hao Shen

The Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) SaeRS two-component system (TCS) regulates over 20 virulence factors. While its impact on chronic infection has been thoroughly discussed, its role in the early stage of infection remains elusive. Since macrophages serve as the primary immune defenders at the onset of infection, this study investigates the influence of SaeRS on macrophage functions and elucidates the underlying mechanisms. Macrophage expression of inflammatory and chemotactic factors, phagocytosis, and bactericidal activity against S. aureus were assessed, along with the evaluation of cellular oxidative stress. SaeRS was found to impair macrophage function. Mechanistically, SaeRS inhibited NF-κB pathway activation via toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). Its immune-modulating effect could partially be explained by the strengthened biofilm formation. More importantly, we found SaeRS compromised macrophage immune functions at early infection stages even prior to biofilm formation. These early immune evasion effects were dependent on bacterial clumping as cytokine secretion, phagocytosis, and bactericidal activity were repaired when clumping was inhibited. We speculate that the bacterial clumping-mediated antigen mask is responsible for SaeRS-mediated immune evasion at the early infection stage. In vivo, ΔsaeRS infection was cleared earlier, accompanied by early pro-inflammatory cytokines production, and increased tissue oxidative stress. Subsequently, macrophages transitioned to an anti-inflammatory state, thereby promoting tissue repair. In summary, our findings underscore the critical role of the SaeRS TCS in S. aureus pathogenicity, particularly during early infection, which is likely initiated by SaeRS-mediated bacterial clumping.

金黄色葡萄球菌(S. aureus)的 SaeRS 双组分系统(TCS)调控着 20 多种毒力因子。虽然人们已经深入讨论了它对慢性感染的影响,但它在感染早期阶段的作用却仍然难以捉摸。由于巨噬细胞是感染初期的主要免疫防御者,本研究探讨了 SaeRS 对巨噬细胞功能的影响,并阐明了其潜在机制。研究评估了巨噬细胞炎症因子和趋化因子的表达、吞噬能力、对金黄色葡萄球菌的杀菌活性以及细胞氧化应激。研究发现,SaeRS 会损害巨噬细胞的功能。从机理上讲,SaeRS 通过类收费受体 2(TLR2)抑制了 NF-κB 通路的激活。其免疫调节作用可部分归因于生物膜形成的加强。更重要的是,我们发现 SaeRS 在早期感染阶段甚至在生物膜形成之前就损害了巨噬细胞的免疫功能。这些早期免疫逃避效应依赖于细菌的凝集,因为当凝集受到抑制时,细胞因子分泌、吞噬和杀菌活性都会得到修复。我们推测,细菌凝集介导的抗原屏蔽是 SaeRS 介导的早期感染阶段免疫逃避的原因。在体内,ΔsaeRS 感染较早被清除,伴随着早期促炎细胞因子的产生和组织氧化应激的增加。随后,巨噬细胞过渡到抗炎状态,从而促进了组织修复。总之,我们的研究结果强调了 SaeRS TCS 在金黄色葡萄球菌致病性中的关键作用,尤其是在早期感染期间,这很可能是由 SaeRS 介导的细菌凝集开始的。
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引用次数: 0
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npj Biofilms and Microbiomes
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