Lumbar synovial cysts are benign fluid collections thought to form in a background of facet joint degeneration, allowing for fluid to leak from the joint capsule and form cysts in the synovium. Although often asymptomatic, patients with symptomatic synovial cysts will present with low back pain and possibly an associated radiculopathy. Clinicians can consider conservative management, epidural steroid injection, surgical intervention, or facet joint block with aspiration and rupture. This case describes a 59-year-old male facilities manager with intermittent low back pain for one year with worsening right-sided radicular symptoms secondary to a lumbar facet joint synovial cyst in the context of severe facet arthropathy and microinstability. The patient’s low back pain and radicular symptoms were refractory to conservative treatment. Imaging demonstrated a lumbar synovial cyst and subsequent management included transforaminal epidural steroid injection and facet joint block with cyst aspiration and rupture. The patient’s radicular pain resolved but axial lumbar pain returned after 3 weeks of relief. Follow-up imaging demonstrated decreased cyst size with fluid accumulation and joint space widening. Although the cyst was successfully decompressed with resolution of radicular pain, the underlying facet arthropathy remains contributing to persistent axial low back pain and potential for continued degenerative changes including cyst recurrence.
{"title":"Improvement in Radicular Symptoms but Continued Facet Arthropathy and Axial Back Pain Following Rupture of a Facet Joint Synovial Cyst","authors":"B. Kratz, T. Buck, Daniel M Cramer","doi":"10.4236/nm.2018.91006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/nm.2018.91006","url":null,"abstract":"Lumbar synovial cysts are benign fluid collections thought to form in a background of facet joint degeneration, allowing for fluid to leak from the joint capsule and form cysts in the synovium. Although often asymptomatic, patients with symptomatic synovial cysts will present with low back pain and possibly an associated radiculopathy. Clinicians can consider conservative management, epidural steroid injection, surgical intervention, or facet joint block with aspiration and rupture. This case describes a 59-year-old male facilities manager with intermittent low back pain for one year with worsening right-sided radicular symptoms secondary to a lumbar facet joint synovial cyst in the context of severe facet arthropathy and microinstability. The patient’s low back pain and radicular symptoms were refractory to conservative treatment. Imaging demonstrated a lumbar synovial cyst and subsequent management included transforaminal epidural steroid injection and facet joint block with cyst aspiration and rupture. The patient’s radicular pain resolved but axial lumbar pain returned after 3 weeks of relief. Follow-up imaging demonstrated decreased cyst size with fluid accumulation and joint space widening. Although the cyst was successfully decompressed with resolution of radicular pain, the underlying facet arthropathy remains contributing to persistent axial low back pain and potential for continued degenerative changes including cyst recurrence.","PeriodicalId":19381,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Medicine","volume":"36 12","pages":"46-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72551655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hedaya Hendam, Hatem El-Samouly, H. Behairy, Medhat Noaman, G. Elshafy
Upper thoracic spine lesions are characterized by delayed diagnosis due to nonspecific symptoms and its anterior aspect (T1 - T4) is difficult to be approached surgically. This retrospective clinical study was done to assess the efficacy of mini thoracotomy approach in management of these lesions. We studied 14 cases with upper thoracic spine different pathological lesions at levels (T1 - T4). These lesions were indicated for anterior approach surgery. Radiological assessment included plain X-ray, MRI and CT scan thoracic spine. The anaesthesia was specifically selective intubation and unilateral ventilation. All patients were operated upon through mini inter-costal thoracotomy approach (left sided in 13 patients and right sided in 1patient). Out of 14 patients there were 7 males and 7 females. The age range was 20 - 55 years (mean 38.7 years). Preoperative symptoms included vague nonspecific upper thoracic pain in 11 patients, lower limbs weakness in 6 patients, sphincteric disturbance in 5 patients, upper thoracic kyphotic deformity in 4 patients, severe brachialgia in 3 patients and neck pain in 2 cases. The operative time was ranged from 90 - 210 minutes (mean 152 m). Blood loss ranged from 250 to 750 cc (mean 464 cc). Chest tube drainage was inserted in all patients. There were no intra-operative or post-operative surgically related complications and no patients needed ICU admission. The lesions were neoplasms in 8 patients, traumatic fracture dislocation in 3 cases, tuberculous spondylodiscitis in 2 cases and degenerative disc prolapse in 1 case. All patients improved post-operative as regard their pre-operative complaints except one patient. During the follow up period, no mortality was recorded. In conclusion, mini thoracotomy approach seems to be ideal only for patients with mono- or bi-segmental pathology involving the upper thoracic spine.
{"title":"Mini Thoracotomy Approach to Upper Thoracic Spine","authors":"Hedaya Hendam, Hatem El-Samouly, H. Behairy, Medhat Noaman, G. Elshafy","doi":"10.4236/NM.2018.91002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/NM.2018.91002","url":null,"abstract":"Upper thoracic spine lesions are characterized by delayed diagnosis due to nonspecific symptoms and its anterior aspect (T1 - T4) is difficult to be approached surgically. This retrospective clinical study was done to assess the efficacy of mini thoracotomy approach in management of these lesions. We studied 14 cases with upper thoracic spine different pathological lesions at levels (T1 - T4). These lesions were indicated for anterior approach surgery. Radiological assessment included plain X-ray, MRI and CT scan thoracic spine. The anaesthesia was specifically selective intubation and unilateral ventilation. All patients were operated upon through mini inter-costal thoracotomy approach (left sided in 13 patients and right sided in 1patient). Out of 14 patients there were 7 males and 7 females. The age range was 20 - 55 years (mean 38.7 years). Preoperative symptoms included vague nonspecific upper thoracic pain in 11 patients, lower limbs weakness in 6 patients, sphincteric disturbance in 5 patients, upper thoracic kyphotic deformity in 4 patients, severe brachialgia in 3 patients and neck pain in 2 cases. The operative time was ranged from 90 - 210 minutes (mean 152 m). Blood loss ranged from 250 to 750 cc (mean 464 cc). Chest tube drainage was inserted in all patients. There were no intra-operative or post-operative surgically related complications and no patients needed ICU admission. The lesions were neoplasms in 8 patients, traumatic fracture dislocation in 3 cases, tuberculous spondylodiscitis in 2 cases and degenerative disc prolapse in 1 case. All patients improved post-operative as regard their pre-operative complaints except one patient. During the follow up period, no mortality was recorded. In conclusion, mini thoracotomy approach seems to be ideal only for patients with mono- or bi-segmental pathology involving the upper thoracic spine.","PeriodicalId":19381,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Medicine","volume":"94 1","pages":"9-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83939862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Gnonlonfoun, C. Adjien, J. N. Mapaga, L. Hodé, Gérard Goudjinou, A. Sowanou, R. Domingo, Pupchen Gnigone, G. Mambila, D. Affanou, P. K. Ndouongo, D. Houinato
MPNST is a very uncommon malignant type of neoplasm. It is often associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (von Recklinghausen disease). It involves large anatomical regions, and thus takes on varied clinical presentations. However, bone location of MPNST, particularly in the spinal canal has been poorly described in the literature. We hereby report the case of a 29-year old young man with MPNST in the spinal canal. He presented a slow spinal cord compression confirmed by spinal MRI. MPNST was revealed through histologic and immune histochemical features after tumor resection.
{"title":"Slow Spinal Cord Compression Inducing by Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors in Cotonou","authors":"D. Gnonlonfoun, C. Adjien, J. N. Mapaga, L. Hodé, Gérard Goudjinou, A. Sowanou, R. Domingo, Pupchen Gnigone, G. Mambila, D. Affanou, P. K. Ndouongo, D. Houinato","doi":"10.4236/NM.2018.91004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/NM.2018.91004","url":null,"abstract":"MPNST is a very uncommon malignant type of neoplasm. It is often associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (von Recklinghausen disease). It involves large anatomical regions, and thus takes on varied clinical presentations. However, bone location of MPNST, particularly in the spinal canal has been poorly described in the literature. We hereby report the case of a 29-year old young man with MPNST in the spinal canal. He presented a slow spinal cord compression confirmed by spinal MRI. MPNST was revealed through histologic and immune histochemical features after tumor resection.","PeriodicalId":19381,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Medicine","volume":"46 1","pages":"22-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90076092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marie Elombila, Hugues Brieux Ekouele Mbaki, G. F. Otiobanda, Gilles Niengo Outsouta
Aim: To evaluate the anesthetic management of neurosurgical patients in University Hospital of Brazzaville. Materials and methods: We performed a transversal and descriptive study during the period from January to June 2015 into operating room of the University Hospital of Brazzaville. 60 cases of anesthesia have been analyzed. Results: The neurosurgery represented 2.88% of the activity of the operating room in University Hospital of Brazzaville. The average age was 44.7 ± 18.36 years old. The sex ratio was 1.07. The scheduled interventions have concerned 83.4% of cases. Surgical indications were concerned the spine degenerative disease and spinal trauma in 40% and 18.3% of cases respectively. The patients classified ASA I and II were most represented in 40% and 46.7% of cases respectively. General anesthesia was used in 98.4% of cases. The peroperative complications were represented by arterial hypotension (31.7%), hemorrhage (11.7%), bradycardia (5%), difficult intubation (3.3%) and one case of peroperative cardiac arrest. The blood transfusion rate was 18.7%. The stay in ICU concerned 8.3% of the cases. We recorded three cases (5%) of death in our series. Conclusion: The neuroanesthesia knows an evolution in our country because of increasing number of neurosurgeons; it’s necessary to train medical staff in her practice.
{"title":"Anesthetic Practice in Neurosurgery at University Hospital of Brazzaville (Congo)","authors":"Marie Elombila, Hugues Brieux Ekouele Mbaki, G. F. Otiobanda, Gilles Niengo Outsouta","doi":"10.4236/NM.2017.84010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/NM.2017.84010","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To evaluate the anesthetic management of neurosurgical patients in University Hospital of Brazzaville. Materials and methods: We performed a transversal and descriptive study during the period from January to June 2015 into operating room of the University Hospital of Brazzaville. 60 cases of anesthesia have been analyzed. Results: The neurosurgery represented 2.88% of the activity of the operating room in University Hospital of Brazzaville. The average age was 44.7 ± 18.36 years old. The sex ratio was 1.07. The scheduled interventions have concerned 83.4% of cases. Surgical indications were concerned the spine degenerative disease and spinal trauma in 40% and 18.3% of cases respectively. The patients classified ASA I and II were most represented in 40% and 46.7% of cases respectively. General anesthesia was used in 98.4% of cases. The peroperative complications were represented by arterial hypotension (31.7%), hemorrhage (11.7%), bradycardia (5%), difficult intubation (3.3%) and one case of peroperative cardiac arrest. The blood transfusion rate was 18.7%. The stay in ICU concerned 8.3% of the cases. We recorded three cases (5%) of death in our series. Conclusion: The neuroanesthesia knows an evolution in our country because of increasing number of neurosurgeons; it’s necessary to train medical staff in her practice.","PeriodicalId":19381,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"77-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82150481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elyar Sadeghi-Hokmabadi, E. Sakhinia, M. Farhoudi, Somayyeh Hasaneh, M. Ghojazadeh, M. Farzi, S. Andalib, M. Nemati, Omid Abbaszadeh, R. Rikhtegar, Reshad Mirnour
Objective: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a life-threatening cerebrovascular disease which has high prevalence and mortality rate in Iran. Thrombophilia caused by gene mutation is a common cause of CVST. The present study aimed at assessing the prevalence of thrombophilic gene mutations in Iranian CVST patients and then comparing it with normal population. Materials and methods: In a case-control study, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR_RFLP) and amplification-refractory mutation system (ARMS-PCR) were carried out to detect common thrombophilic mutations in 70 CVST patients. Next, it was compared with 82 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. Results: Factor-V-Leiden, Factor-V-Leiden HR2, Factor prothrombin II, MTHFR (667C/T) and MTHFR (1298A/C) prevalence were significantly high in cases of CVST as compared to the controls (P values: 0.012, 0.019, 0.007 and 0.036, respectively). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), beta-fibrinogen (FGB), Factor VIII, Factor XIII, and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) mutations. Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggest that Factor V-Leiden, Factor-V-Leiden HR2, prothrombin II (G20210A), and MTHFR (667C/T & 1298A/C) mutations are more frequent in CVST. Detection of these mutations may help clinicians to decide on the duration of treatment and referral to genetic counseling for valuable prevention.
目的:脑静脉窦血栓形成(CVST)是一种危及生命的脑血管疾病，在伊朗发病率和死亡率都很高。基因突变引起的血栓形成是CVST的常见病因。本研究旨在评估伊朗CVST患者中亲血栓基因突变的患病率，并将其与正常人群进行比较。材料与方法:采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR_RFLP)和扩增-难解突变系统(ARMS-PCR)检测70例CVST患者常见的亲血栓性突变。接下来，将其与82名性别和年龄匹配的健康对照进行比较。结果:CVST患者中因子- v - leiden、因子- v - leiden HR2、凝血酶原II、MTHFR (667C/T)和MTHFR (1298A/C)的患病率显著高于对照组(P值分别为0.012、0.019、0.007和0.036)。然而，两组在纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂(PAI)、血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)、β -纤维蛋白原(FGB)、因子VIII、因子XIII和组织纤溶酶原激活物(tPA)突变方面无显著差异。结论:V-Leiden因子、V-Leiden因子HR2、凝血酶原II (G20210A)、MTHFR (667C/T和1298A/C)突变在CVST中更为常见。检测这些突变可以帮助临床医生决定治疗的持续时间和转介到遗传咨询有价值的预防。
{"title":"Common Prothrombotic Gene Mutations in Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis in North-West of Iran","authors":"Elyar Sadeghi-Hokmabadi, E. Sakhinia, M. Farhoudi, Somayyeh Hasaneh, M. Ghojazadeh, M. Farzi, S. Andalib, M. Nemati, Omid Abbaszadeh, R. Rikhtegar, Reshad Mirnour","doi":"10.4236/NM.2017.84009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/NM.2017.84009","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a life-threatening cerebrovascular disease which has high prevalence and mortality rate in Iran. Thrombophilia caused by gene mutation is a common cause of CVST. The present study aimed at assessing the prevalence of thrombophilic gene mutations in Iranian CVST patients and then comparing it with normal population. Materials and methods: In a case-control study, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR_RFLP) and amplification-refractory mutation system (ARMS-PCR) were carried out to detect common thrombophilic mutations in 70 CVST patients. Next, it was compared with 82 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. Results: Factor-V-Leiden, Factor-V-Leiden HR2, Factor prothrombin II, MTHFR (667C/T) and MTHFR (1298A/C) prevalence were significantly high in cases of CVST as compared to the controls (P values: 0.012, 0.019, 0.007 and 0.036, respectively). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), beta-fibrinogen (FGB), Factor VIII, Factor XIII, and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) mutations. Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggest that Factor V-Leiden, Factor-V-Leiden HR2, prothrombin II (G20210A), and MTHFR (667C/T & 1298A/C) mutations are more frequent in CVST. Detection of these mutations may help clinicians to decide on the duration of treatment and referral to genetic counseling for valuable prevention.","PeriodicalId":19381,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"68-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87654071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Gnonlonfoun, C. Adjien, M. Agbétou, T. Adoukonou, J. N. Mapaga, Gérard Goudjinou, D. Houinato
Seizures occurring after stroke are risk factors for the onset of ensuing epilepsy. However, the incidence of vascular epilepsy is low. The purpose of this study was to study vascular epilepsy features in a teaching university. It was a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study, conducted from 1st January 2015 to 31st December 2016 in Cotonou Teaching Hospital (CNHU-HKM), Benin. It involved 35 patients brought together through comprehensive sampling. Vascular epilepsy hospital attendance rate was 2%. There were simple partial seizures in 74.28% of cases while cerebral ischemia was recorded in 44.44% of patients. Neurological consultation after stroke occurrence was a protective factor against the occurrence of vascular epilepsy with significant p at 0.001.
{"title":"Post-Stroke Epilepsy within a Teaching Hospital in Cotonou, Benin","authors":"D. Gnonlonfoun, C. Adjien, M. Agbétou, T. Adoukonou, J. N. Mapaga, Gérard Goudjinou, D. Houinato","doi":"10.4236/NM.2017.84007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/NM.2017.84007","url":null,"abstract":"Seizures occurring after stroke are risk factors for the onset of ensuing epilepsy. However, the incidence of vascular epilepsy is low. The purpose of this study was to study vascular epilepsy features in a teaching university. It was a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study, conducted from 1st January 2015 to 31st December 2016 in Cotonou Teaching Hospital (CNHU-HKM), Benin. It involved 35 patients brought together through comprehensive sampling. Vascular epilepsy hospital attendance rate was 2%. There were simple partial seizures in 74.28% of cases while cerebral ischemia was recorded in 44.44% of patients. Neurological consultation after stroke occurrence was a protective factor against the occurrence of vascular epilepsy with significant p at 0.001.","PeriodicalId":19381,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Medicine","volume":"47 1","pages":"47-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82125126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Medications acting as mood stabilizers work by enhancing and maintaining the concentration of circulating synaptic neurotransmitters, which then activate a plethora of various intracellular signal transduction and second messenger cascades. Previously, we showed that two of these cascades, the PI-3K and MAPK pathways, are activated by cross-talk with the protein kinase A cAMP cascade and by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), an immediate-early gene whose expression is the result of phosphorylation of the transcription factor, cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). In the current study, we extend these findings to include the protein kinase C (PKC) pathway. Western blotting studies show that application of norepinephrine to cultured hippocampal neurons leads to increased expression of BDNF, phosphorylation of CREB, activation of growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) and activation of PKCμ and PKCt538. Because GAP-43 is a putative substrate for PKC, the results of this study lend further support of a G-protein coupled receptor cross-talking to an entirely distinct intracellular pathway that is known to be involved in neuritogenesis.
{"title":"Norepinephrine Induces BDNF and Activates CREB and Discriminates among Protein Kinase C Isoforms in Cultured Embryonic Hippocampal Neurons","authors":"Michael J. Chen, A. Russo-Neustadt","doi":"10.4236/NM.2017.84008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/NM.2017.84008","url":null,"abstract":"Medications acting as mood stabilizers work by enhancing and maintaining the concentration of circulating synaptic neurotransmitters, which then activate a plethora of various intracellular signal transduction and second messenger cascades. Previously, we showed that two of these cascades, the PI-3K and MAPK pathways, are activated by cross-talk with the protein kinase A cAMP cascade and by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), an immediate-early gene whose expression is the result of phosphorylation of the transcription factor, cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). In the current study, we extend these findings to include the protein kinase C (PKC) pathway. Western blotting studies show that application of norepinephrine to cultured hippocampal neurons leads to increased expression of BDNF, phosphorylation of CREB, activation of growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) and activation of PKCμ and PKCt538. Because GAP-43 is a putative substrate for PKC, the results of this study lend further support of a G-protein coupled receptor cross-talking to an entirely distinct intracellular pathway that is known to be involved in neuritogenesis.","PeriodicalId":19381,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Medicine","volume":"42 1","pages":"53-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91279467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Madiha Abouelarais, N. Mekaoui, Fatima Zohra Oudghiri, K. Mammad, L. Karboubi, Badr sououd Benjelloun Dakhama
Biotinidase deficiency is an abnormality of biotin metabolism which is manifested by neurological, cutaneous, ophthalmological and auditory signs. It has been described as a cause of West syndrome, but there are few observations that report an association between these latter two. We report the observation of an 18-month old infant born from a first-degree consanguineous marriage, followed since the age of 2 months and half for West syndrome associated with alopecia, also an eczema and deafness in whom the etiological investigation was in favor of a biotinidase deficiency. Thus treatment with biotin resulted in a marked clinical improvement.
{"title":"West Syndrome Secondary to Biotinidase Deficiency about a Case","authors":"Madiha Abouelarais, N. Mekaoui, Fatima Zohra Oudghiri, K. Mammad, L. Karboubi, Badr sououd Benjelloun Dakhama","doi":"10.4236/NM.2017.83004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/NM.2017.83004","url":null,"abstract":"Biotinidase deficiency is an abnormality of biotin metabolism which is manifested \u0000by neurological, cutaneous, ophthalmological and auditory signs. It has \u0000been described as a cause of West syndrome, but there are few observations \u0000that report an association between these latter two. We report the observation \u0000of an 18-month old infant born from a first-degree consanguineous marriage, \u0000followed since the age of 2 months and half for West syndrome associated \u0000with alopecia, also an eczema and deafness in whom the etiological investigation \u0000was in favor of a biotinidase deficiency. Thus treatment with biotin resulted \u0000in a marked clinical improvement.","PeriodicalId":19381,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Medicine","volume":"30 1","pages":"29-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81551573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Moazzam Sheikh, Ifrah Shahnawaz, M. Abdullah, O. Kamal, R. Naheed, A. Bushra, M. Nadeem
Background: The EDH occurs due to the accumulation of bleeding between the inner table of the skull and the outer layer of the dura mater. It is said to account for 1% - 3% of all head injured patients and 9% of those who are comatose. The only life-saving treatment of choice is evacuation of EDH via craniotomy. Methods: This was a prospective observational study, where 40 patients were in follow-up for determining the outcomes of evacuation via craniotomy. Results: Majority of the patients were young and males. The main outcome of the evacuation was favorable (recovered), but certain unfavorable outcomes were also accounted like mortality. Conclusion: The pre-surgery clinical findings like consciousness of patient were an important indicator for EDH evacuation outcome. In most of the cases, the outcome was favorable with progressive recovery.
{"title":"Outcomes of Evacuation Extradural Hematoma via Craniotomy under Local Anesthesia","authors":"Moazzam Sheikh, Ifrah Shahnawaz, M. Abdullah, O. Kamal, R. Naheed, A. Bushra, M. Nadeem","doi":"10.4236/NM.2017.83006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/NM.2017.83006","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The EDH occurs due to the accumulation of bleeding between \u0000the inner table of the skull and the outer layer of the dura mater. It is said to \u0000account for 1% - 3% of all head injured patients and 9% of those who are \u0000comatose. The only life-saving treatment of choice is evacuation of EDH via \u0000craniotomy. Methods: This was a prospective observational study, where 40 \u0000patients were in follow-up for determining the outcomes of evacuation via \u0000craniotomy. Results: Majority of the patients were young and males. The \u0000main outcome of the evacuation was favorable (recovered), but certain unfavorable \u0000outcomes were also accounted like mortality. Conclusion: The pre-surgery \u0000clinical findings like consciousness of patient were an important indicator for \u0000EDH evacuation outcome. In most of the cases, the outcome was favorable \u0000with progressive recovery.","PeriodicalId":19381,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Medicine","volume":"38 1","pages":"41-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88277243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Mammad, N. Mekaoui, F. Z. Ouadghiri, K. Mammad, B. Dakhama
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF-1 or Von Recklinghausen disease) is an autosomal dominant genetic disease, characterized by an extreme variability of its clinical expression which is also found in the same family. Our work focuses on the exploitation of four cases of patients with NF-1 who were enrolled in the paediatric neurology consultation at Rabat Children’s Hospital. They are two infants and two children. Otherwise the diagnosis was made in front of the existence of cafe au lait and lentiginous spots in two boys, also the existence of cafe au lait spots and abnormalities in brain imaging in two girls. Thus an evolution was marked by a favorable outcome for three patients and neurological sequelae in one patient.
{"title":"Neurofibromatosis Type 1 in Four Children Cases","authors":"C. Mammad, N. Mekaoui, F. Z. Ouadghiri, K. Mammad, B. Dakhama","doi":"10.4236/NM.2017.83005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/NM.2017.83005","url":null,"abstract":"Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF-1 or Von Recklinghausen disease) is an autosomal \u0000dominant genetic disease, characterized by an extreme variability of its \u0000clinical expression which is also found in the same family. Our work focuses \u0000on the exploitation of four cases of patients with NF-1 who were enrolled in \u0000the paediatric neurology consultation at Rabat Children’s Hospital. They are \u0000two infants and two children. Otherwise the diagnosis was made in front of \u0000the existence of cafe au lait and lentiginous spots in two boys, also the existence \u0000of cafe au lait spots and abnormalities in brain imaging in two girls. \u0000Thus an evolution was marked by a favorable outcome for three patients and \u0000neurological sequelae in one patient.","PeriodicalId":19381,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience and Medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"33-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88053259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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