Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.15406/ogij.2020.11.00530
M. Alalfy, A. Okasha, Omar Abdalfatah
Background: Pregnancy a physiological process that involves changes in vascular system responsiveness that affects the placental development in direct and indirect methods by hormonal and other signals that are critical in normal blood flow rates within the fetal system. Predicting fetal outcome using sonographic indices is considered a noninvasive valuable protocol to manage cases with hypertensive disorders with pregnancy. Fetal weight is one of the critical issues faced by obstetricians and perinatologists Aim of the study: to determine the value of cerebro placental ratio in predictability of neonatal weight in cases of gestational hypertension. Patients and Methods: A prospective observational cross sectional study that included 100 pregnant women, 50 ladies had gestational hypertension and 50 women as normal control group attending the antenatal care clinic of Algezeera hospital. Ultrasonographic assessment was carried out with evaluation of routine fetal biometry in addition to Middle cerebral artery (MCA), Umbilical artery (UA) Doppler indices. Results: UA PI, MCA PI, CPR, Fetal weight and birth weight were statistically significantly higher among the control research group in comparison to the hypertension with pregnancy research group (p values<0.001). Conclusion: Cerebroplacental ratio is a promising ultrasonographic marker for fetal and neonatal weight that could aid in prediction of neonatal wellbeing and clinical prognosis of hypertensive cases in pregnancy.
{"title":"Cerebroplacental ratio in gestational hypertension and its impact on neonatal weight","authors":"M. Alalfy, A. Okasha, Omar Abdalfatah","doi":"10.15406/ogij.2020.11.00530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ogij.2020.11.00530","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pregnancy a physiological process that involves changes in vascular system responsiveness that affects the placental development in direct and indirect methods by hormonal and other signals that are critical in normal blood flow rates within the fetal system. Predicting fetal outcome using sonographic indices is considered a noninvasive valuable protocol to manage cases with hypertensive disorders with pregnancy. Fetal weight is one of the critical issues faced by obstetricians and perinatologists Aim of the study: to determine the value of cerebro placental ratio in predictability of neonatal weight in cases of gestational hypertension. Patients and Methods: A prospective observational cross sectional study that included 100 pregnant women, 50 ladies had gestational hypertension and 50 women as normal control group attending the antenatal care clinic of Algezeera hospital. Ultrasonographic assessment was carried out with evaluation of routine fetal biometry in addition to Middle cerebral artery (MCA), Umbilical artery (UA) Doppler indices. Results: UA PI, MCA PI, CPR, Fetal weight and birth weight were statistically significantly higher among the control research group in comparison to the hypertension with pregnancy research group (p values<0.001). Conclusion: Cerebroplacental ratio is a promising ultrasonographic marker for fetal and neonatal weight that could aid in prediction of neonatal wellbeing and clinical prognosis of hypertensive cases in pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":19389,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrics & Gynecology International Journal","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86471679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-22DOI: 10.15406/ogij.2020.11.00529
A. Alfaro, Damarys Chacón O`farrill
Introduction: Among the factors that increase sexual infections in adolescence are the early initiation of sexual relations, adolescence is considered a stage of vulnerability and exposure to risky social and/or sexual behaviors that expose them to sexual and reproductive health problems such as unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections, so it is essential that they are taught in schools comprehensive sexuality education Objective: To assess the effects of educational intervention for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections in teachers of the Antonio José Oviedo Basic Secondary School. San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque during the period: October 2017 to February 2019. Method: A quasi-experimental educational intervention study with a mixed approach to the 40 teachers included in the permanent staff of the center, a survey was applied prior to the intervention that allowed characterizing the teachers according to sociodemographic variables, exploring the level of knowledge, attitudes, perception of risk and beliefs about STIs. 15 work sessions were held and tools were given to facilitate the work on these issues with adolescents. A post-intervention survey was applied to evaluate its effectiveness. Descriptive and inferential statistics (J squared) were applied. Results: female sex predominated (72.5%), with ages between 30 and 40 years (42.5%), in males the perception of lower risk prevailed compared to females. Knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and perception of risk about STIs were inadequate prior to intervention, after intervention they increased significantly in: 92.5%, 65%, 77.5% and 70% respectively. Conclusions: The educational intervention was effective in contributing to the improvement of comprehensive sexuality education in the school environment.
{"title":"Educational intervention for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections in basic secondary teachers","authors":"A. Alfaro, Damarys Chacón O`farrill","doi":"10.15406/ogij.2020.11.00529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ogij.2020.11.00529","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Among the factors that increase sexual infections in adolescence are the early initiation of sexual relations, adolescence is considered a stage of vulnerability and exposure to risky social and/or sexual behaviors that expose them to sexual and reproductive health problems such as unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections, so it is essential that they are taught in schools comprehensive sexuality education Objective: To assess the effects of educational intervention for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections in teachers of the Antonio José Oviedo Basic Secondary School. San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque during the period: October 2017 to February 2019. Method: A quasi-experimental educational intervention study with a mixed approach to the 40 teachers included in the permanent staff of the center, a survey was applied prior to the intervention that allowed characterizing the teachers according to sociodemographic variables, exploring the level of knowledge, attitudes, perception of risk and beliefs about STIs. 15 work sessions were held and tools were given to facilitate the work on these issues with adolescents. A post-intervention survey was applied to evaluate its effectiveness. Descriptive and inferential statistics (J squared) were applied. Results: female sex predominated (72.5%), with ages between 30 and 40 years (42.5%), in males the perception of lower risk prevailed compared to females. Knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and perception of risk about STIs were inadequate prior to intervention, after intervention they increased significantly in: 92.5%, 65%, 77.5% and 70% respectively. Conclusions: The educational intervention was effective in contributing to the improvement of comprehensive sexuality education in the school environment.","PeriodicalId":19389,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrics & Gynecology International Journal","volume":"439 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82893323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-11DOI: 10.15406/OGIJ.2020.11.00528
Ranaivoson Haingo Voahangy Rabetafika, Z. I. Raivoherivony, A. Raherison, M. Andriamanarivo, N. Randrianjafisamindrakotroka
Among the disorder sexual development which regroups several pathological entities, true hermaphroditism or Ovotestis disorder remains a rare variety. We report a case of true hermaphroditism, diagnosed at the age of 15 years. Despite the presence of sexual ambiguity at birth, the female gender has been declared. The presence of a female genital tract and secondary sexual characteristics has led the choice of scrotal excision. The surgical procedure, the histological study bestow the positive diagnosis and allowed to revise the sexual ambiguity.
{"title":"A case of labioscrotal ovotestis in Madagascar with review of the literature","authors":"Ranaivoson Haingo Voahangy Rabetafika, Z. I. Raivoherivony, A. Raherison, M. Andriamanarivo, N. Randrianjafisamindrakotroka","doi":"10.15406/OGIJ.2020.11.00528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/OGIJ.2020.11.00528","url":null,"abstract":"Among the disorder sexual development which regroups several pathological entities, true hermaphroditism or Ovotestis disorder remains a rare variety. We report a case of true hermaphroditism, diagnosed at the age of 15 years. Despite the presence of sexual ambiguity at birth, the female gender has been declared. The presence of a female genital tract and secondary sexual characteristics has led the choice of scrotal excision. The surgical procedure, the histological study bestow the positive diagnosis and allowed to revise the sexual ambiguity.","PeriodicalId":19389,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrics & Gynecology International Journal","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77334787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-08DOI: 10.15406/OGIJ.2020.11.00527
Romy Ade Putra, H. Susiarno, Ali Budi Harsono, Adji Kusumadjati
Background: Cervical carcinoma is the main malignant disease that causes death in women. Radiation is a therapy for cervical carcinoma. Radiation will induce apoptosis in carcinoma cells. Survivin as anti apoptosis will inhibit cervical carcinoma response to radiotherapy. For this reason, it is necessary to conduct a study that compares survivin levels in cervical carcinoma patients before radiotherapy with clinical response. Method: This study is an observational design with analytical cohort studies. The survivin serum level and mass size of 30 stage IIB cervical carcinoma patients were measured before radiotherapy, then the size of the mass was measured again after the patient completing radiotherapy. Mass size before and after radiotherapy is compared to determine the patient's clinical response to radiotherapy.The study was conducted at the Gynecology Oncology Clinic, Radiotherapy Department and Clinical Pathology Laboratory of Hasan Sadikin Hospital in January to July 2019. Result: Subjects with lower mean of survivin level, 111,789±2.47pg/mL produced a complete clinical response. Whereas subjects with a higher survivin level , 502,689±1.26pg/mL produced a partial clinical response. From the result of the T Test it was found that the mean of survivin serum levels were significant with p value of 0.029. Conclusion: The higher the survivin level before radiotherapy, the worse the clinical response to radiotherapy in patients with stage IIB cervical carcinoma.
{"title":"Relationship between serum survivin levels before radiotherapy and clinical response in patient with stage iib cervical carcinoma","authors":"Romy Ade Putra, H. Susiarno, Ali Budi Harsono, Adji Kusumadjati","doi":"10.15406/OGIJ.2020.11.00527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/OGIJ.2020.11.00527","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cervical carcinoma is the main malignant disease that causes death in women. Radiation is a therapy for cervical carcinoma. Radiation will induce apoptosis in carcinoma cells. Survivin as anti apoptosis will inhibit cervical carcinoma response to radiotherapy. For this reason, it is necessary to conduct a study that compares survivin levels in cervical carcinoma patients before radiotherapy with clinical response. Method: This study is an observational design with analytical cohort studies. The survivin serum level and mass size of 30 stage IIB cervical carcinoma patients were measured before radiotherapy, then the size of the mass was measured again after the patient completing radiotherapy. Mass size before and after radiotherapy is compared to determine the patient's clinical response to radiotherapy.The study was conducted at the Gynecology Oncology Clinic, Radiotherapy Department and Clinical Pathology Laboratory of Hasan Sadikin Hospital in January to July 2019. Result: Subjects with lower mean of survivin level, 111,789±2.47pg/mL produced a complete clinical response. Whereas subjects with a higher survivin level , 502,689±1.26pg/mL produced a partial clinical response. From the result of the T Test it was found that the mean of survivin serum levels were significant with p value of 0.029. Conclusion: The higher the survivin level before radiotherapy, the worse the clinical response to radiotherapy in patients with stage IIB cervical carcinoma.","PeriodicalId":19389,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrics & Gynecology International Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89562401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-07DOI: 10.15406/OGIJ.2020.11.00526
Ahmed Rashwan
Objectives: To compare the different diagnostic techniques used to detect GBS colonization in pregnant women in late third trimester after thirty five weeks and to detect the frequency of GBS colonization among a sample of pregnant Egyptian women. Patients and methods: Vaginal swabs from the lower third of vagina were collected from 100 pregnant women in the late third trimester. Isolation of the organism by culture on selective media and confirmation by latex agglutination test and detection of CAMP factor by conventional PCR were compared. GBS isolates were tested by double disk diffusion method and D-zone test simultaneously for susceptibility to erythromycin and clindamycin and inducible clindamycin resistance for intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP). Results: 25 participants (25%) were positive for GBS by culture in Lim broth with subculture onto TSA supplemented with 5% defibrinated sheep blood, while 75 participants (75%) were negative. Of the 25 GBS isolates, 19 (76%) were sensitive to erythromycin, 3 (12%) were intermediate and 3 (12%) were resistant. Of the 25 GBS isolates, 15 (60%) were sensitive to clindamycin, 2 (8%) were intermediate and 8 (32%) were resistant. Fourteen isolates (56%) were sensitive to both erythromycin and clindamycin whereas 3 (12%) were resistant to both (cMLSB). Latex agglutination test for GBS detection from the 24 hours incubated Lim broth was positive in 25 cases (25%). GBS was detected in 9 cases (9%) by the conventional PCR assay done directly from vaginal swabs specimens. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for latex agglutination from the inoculated broth and PCR assay are 100%, 100%, 100%, 100% and 36%, 100%, 100%, 82.4% respectively. Latex agglutination test from the inoculated broth showed a statistically significant perfect agreement (100.0%) with culture with Kappa value 1.0 and 95% CI (1.0 – 1.0). PCR assay also showed a statistically significant but moderate agreement (84.0%) with culture with Kappa value 0.458 and 95% CI (0.253 – 0.662). Conclusion: Detection of GBS colonization by latex agglutination test from incubated selective broth directly is comparable to the gold standard (culture) as regards accuracy. PCR offers a rapid and highly specific method for detection of GBS colonization especially in intrapartum settings for administration of IAP in non-screened pregnant females; however, sensitivity is low resulting in a low NPV.
{"title":"Assessment of different methods for diagnosis of Group B streptococci during pregnancy","authors":"Ahmed Rashwan","doi":"10.15406/OGIJ.2020.11.00526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/OGIJ.2020.11.00526","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To compare the different diagnostic techniques used to detect GBS colonization in pregnant women in late third trimester after thirty five weeks and to detect the frequency of GBS colonization among a sample of pregnant Egyptian women. Patients and methods: Vaginal swabs from the lower third of vagina were collected from 100 pregnant women in the late third trimester. Isolation of the organism by culture on selective media and confirmation by latex agglutination test and detection of CAMP factor by conventional PCR were compared. GBS isolates were tested by double disk diffusion method and D-zone test simultaneously for susceptibility to erythromycin and clindamycin and inducible clindamycin resistance for intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP). Results: 25 participants (25%) were positive for GBS by culture in Lim broth with subculture onto TSA supplemented with 5% defibrinated sheep blood, while 75 participants (75%) were negative. Of the 25 GBS isolates, 19 (76%) were sensitive to erythromycin, 3 (12%) were intermediate and 3 (12%) were resistant. Of the 25 GBS isolates, 15 (60%) were sensitive to clindamycin, 2 (8%) were intermediate and 8 (32%) were resistant. Fourteen isolates (56%) were sensitive to both erythromycin and clindamycin whereas 3 (12%) were resistant to both (cMLSB). Latex agglutination test for GBS detection from the 24 hours incubated Lim broth was positive in 25 cases (25%). GBS was detected in 9 cases (9%) by the conventional PCR assay done directly from vaginal swabs specimens. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for latex agglutination from the inoculated broth and PCR assay are 100%, 100%, 100%, 100% and 36%, 100%, 100%, 82.4% respectively. Latex agglutination test from the inoculated broth showed a statistically significant perfect agreement (100.0%) with culture with Kappa value 1.0 and 95% CI (1.0 – 1.0). PCR assay also showed a statistically significant but moderate agreement (84.0%) with culture with Kappa value 0.458 and 95% CI (0.253 – 0.662). Conclusion: Detection of GBS colonization by latex agglutination test from incubated selective broth directly is comparable to the gold standard (culture) as regards accuracy. PCR offers a rapid and highly specific method for detection of GBS colonization especially in intrapartum settings for administration of IAP in non-screened pregnant females; however, sensitivity is low resulting in a low NPV.","PeriodicalId":19389,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrics & Gynecology International Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81026874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-07DOI: 10.15406/OGIJ.2020.11.00525
Djabbarova Yulduz Kasimovna, D. BabazhanovaSh, Lyubchich As
In recent years, in practical obstetrics, placental adherence into the myometrium, diagnosed after the birth of the fetus during caesarean section or in the 3rd period of labor, has become increasingly common. It causes massive bleeding, hysterectomy and maternal mortality. Purpose: To assess the outcome of childbirth with organ-preserving technology in cases of placenta accreta. Material and methods: 56 women in placenta accreta were observed and delivered for 2016-2018. 49 women delivered by Cesarean section and 7 women gave vaginal delivery. Two methods were used to preserve the uterus during placenta accreta: the first method -35 women who have laparotomy, a cesarean section with a section on the uterus above the scar and above the edge of the placenta, ligation of the uterine arteries, excision of the incremental area and metroplasty, imposition of compression sutures on the uterus. The second method -7 women after vaginal delivery left the whole or part of the placenta in the uterus - placenta in situ. The risk of placenta accreta was placenta previa, scar on the uterus, abortions in anamnesis, over 30 years of age third or more births. Results and discussion: From 35 pregnant women who underwent an organ-preserving procedure for caesarean section, 33 (94,3%) women managed to preserve the uterus, the remaining 2 (5,7%) women underwent hysterectomy Of 7 cases of placenta in situ, in 2 (28,6%) cases a hysterectomy was performed и. and uterus was preserved in 5 (71.4%) women. Conclusions: The effectiveness of improved organ-preserving technology to preserve the reproductive function of women with placenta accreta is high. In the group with the organ-preserving method with placenta, the volume of blood loss, the volume of transfusion of blood components is much lower than in the hysterectomy group.
{"title":"Organ-preserving technologies and their effectiveness in patients with placenta accret","authors":"Djabbarova Yulduz Kasimovna, D. BabazhanovaSh, Lyubchich As","doi":"10.15406/OGIJ.2020.11.00525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/OGIJ.2020.11.00525","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, in practical obstetrics, placental adherence into the myometrium, diagnosed after the birth of the fetus during caesarean section or in the 3rd period of labor, has become increasingly common. It causes massive bleeding, hysterectomy and maternal mortality. Purpose: To assess the outcome of childbirth with organ-preserving technology in cases of placenta accreta. Material and methods: 56 women in placenta accreta were observed and delivered for 2016-2018. 49 women delivered by Cesarean section and 7 women gave vaginal delivery. Two methods were used to preserve the uterus during placenta accreta: the first method -35 women who have laparotomy, a cesarean section with a section on the uterus above the scar and above the edge of the placenta, ligation of the uterine arteries, excision of the incremental area and metroplasty, imposition of compression sutures on the uterus. The second method -7 women after vaginal delivery left the whole or part of the placenta in the uterus - placenta in situ. The risk of placenta accreta was placenta previa, scar on the uterus, abortions in anamnesis, over 30 years of age third or more births. Results and discussion: From 35 pregnant women who underwent an organ-preserving procedure for caesarean section, 33 (94,3%) women managed to preserve the uterus, the remaining 2 (5,7%) women underwent hysterectomy Of 7 cases of placenta in situ, in 2 (28,6%) cases a hysterectomy was performed и. and uterus was preserved in 5 (71.4%) women. Conclusions: The effectiveness of improved organ-preserving technology to preserve the reproductive function of women with placenta accreta is high. In the group with the organ-preserving method with placenta, the volume of blood loss, the volume of transfusion of blood components is much lower than in the hysterectomy group.","PeriodicalId":19389,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrics & Gynecology International Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78610333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-03DOI: 10.15406/OGIJ.2020.11.00524
C. Henderson, Janelle M. Jackman, S. Rezai
Background: Preadmission testing has been recommended nationwide across specialties in hospitals as a screening tool for detecting asymptomatic COVID-19 positive patients prior to procedures. Healthcare workers (HCW) have been using these results to decide whether or not the patient can have the procedure done as well as to determine whether HCW should use PPE. However, the majorities of these recommendations are from expert opinion and not evidenced based investigations. In the absence of actual data on the benefits of universal screening in asymptomatic patients, clinicians should really consider the possible pros and cons of this. We set out to review previously published research on COVID-19 testing to determine if universal screening can be justified with science. Conclusion: At this time, there is no evidence-based data for a universal screening program of asymptomatic patients in the absence of contact tracing. Universal PPE use, hand hygiene and the practice of personal prevention measures should be the major component in decreasing the spread of COVID-19 in the hospital setting. Keywords: 2019-nCoV, acute respiratory distress syndrome, autoimmune, COVID-19, healthcare worker, novel coronavirus 2019, pandemic, personal protective equipment, polymerase chain reaction, preadmission testing, SARS coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, severe acute respiratory syndrome
{"title":"Preadmission COVID-19 testing is an unnecessary use of resources","authors":"C. Henderson, Janelle M. Jackman, S. Rezai","doi":"10.15406/OGIJ.2020.11.00524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/OGIJ.2020.11.00524","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Preadmission testing has been recommended nationwide across specialties in hospitals as a screening tool for detecting asymptomatic COVID-19 positive patients prior to procedures. Healthcare workers (HCW) have been using these results to decide whether or not the patient can have the procedure done as well as to determine whether HCW should use PPE. However, the majorities of these recommendations are from expert opinion and not evidenced based investigations. In the absence of actual data on the benefits of universal screening in asymptomatic patients, clinicians should really consider the possible pros and cons of this. We set out to review previously published research on COVID-19 testing to determine if universal screening can be justified with science. Conclusion: At this time, there is no evidence-based data for a universal screening program of asymptomatic patients in the absence of contact tracing. Universal PPE use, hand hygiene and the practice of personal prevention measures should be the major component in decreasing the spread of COVID-19 in the hospital setting. Keywords: 2019-nCoV, acute respiratory distress syndrome, autoimmune, COVID-19, healthcare worker, novel coronavirus 2019, pandemic, personal protective equipment, polymerase chain reaction, preadmission testing, SARS coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, severe acute respiratory syndrome","PeriodicalId":19389,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrics & Gynecology International Journal","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81619130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-02DOI: 10.15406/OGIJ.2018.9.00355
F. Al-Rshoud, Rami Kilani, Fida Al-Asali, Ibrahim Alsharaydeh
Objective To estimate the prevalence of uterine septum in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome(PCOS) that were investigated for infertility after failure to achieve pregnancy with ovulation induction in a highincidence area, such as Middle East. Design A prospective observational study Methods A 49 patients from a total of 172 patients seeking fertility advice at a specialised fertility clinic in Amman, Jordan, during the period of September 2017 to July 2018 with confirmed polycystic ovarian syndrome were screened for the presence of congenital uterine anomalies by a hysterosalpingogram(HSG). The anomalies were classified according to the American Fertility Society classification. If an anomaly was suspected a diagnostic laparoscopy and hysteroscopy were performed to confirm the diagnosis. Results 15 patients (31%) of the 49 patients with confirmed diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome were confirmed to have uterine anomalies; 11 patients had a uterine septum, three patients had an arcuate uterus and one patient had a bicornuate uterus. Conclusion There is association between PCOS and uterine septum. This study hopes to enlighten infertility clinicians about the presence of uterine factor in PCOS patients (31%) and the need to screen for this congenital anomaly at their first consultation before embarking on the time-consuming and costly process of ovulation induction.
{"title":"The prevalence of uterine septum in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), a series of 49 cases","authors":"F. Al-Rshoud, Rami Kilani, Fida Al-Asali, Ibrahim Alsharaydeh","doi":"10.15406/OGIJ.2018.9.00355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/OGIJ.2018.9.00355","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To estimate the prevalence of uterine septum in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome(PCOS) that \u0000were investigated for infertility after failure to achieve pregnancy with ovulation induction in a highincidence \u0000area, such as Middle East. \u0000Design \u0000A prospective observational study \u0000Methods \u0000A 49 patients from a total of 172 patients seeking fertility advice at a specialised fertility clinic in \u0000Amman, Jordan, during the period of September 2017 to July 2018 with confirmed polycystic ovarian \u0000syndrome were screened for the presence of congenital uterine anomalies by a \u0000hysterosalpingogram(HSG). The anomalies were classified according to the American Fertility Society \u0000classification. If an anomaly was suspected a diagnostic laparoscopy and hysteroscopy were performed \u0000to confirm the diagnosis. \u0000Results \u000015 patients (31%) of the 49 patients with confirmed diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome were \u0000confirmed to have uterine anomalies; 11 patients had a uterine septum, three patients had an arcuate \u0000uterus and one patient had a bicornuate uterus. \u0000Conclusion \u0000There is association between PCOS and uterine septum. This study hopes to enlighten infertility \u0000clinicians about the presence of uterine factor in PCOS patients (31%) and the need to screen for this \u0000congenital anomaly at their first consultation before embarking on the time-consuming and costly \u0000process of ovulation induction.","PeriodicalId":19389,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrics & Gynecology International Journal","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74134388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-18DOI: 10.15406/OGIJ.2020.11.00523
V. Ribeiro, Rafael de Menezes Reis, G. Kogure, A. M. Zecchin-Oliveira, Higino Carlos Hahns Júnior
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder 5 to 16% present in of women of reproductive age, which can suffer alterations in reproductive, cardiometabolic, hormonal and cardiovascular functions that can culminate in the development of other diseases. One of the treatments consists of improving life habits like physical exercise practice. Systematic reviews and studies in recent years have pointed out that the training protocols performed on women with PCOS were mostly conducted without control, randomization and personalization for this disease. Thus, the present study aims to investigate Pubmed database on the last year (between 05/31/2019 and 05/31/2020) if there are recent publications of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigate the effects of physical training in women with PCOS.
{"title":"Is physical training important for women with polycystic ovary syndrome?","authors":"V. Ribeiro, Rafael de Menezes Reis, G. Kogure, A. M. Zecchin-Oliveira, Higino Carlos Hahns Júnior","doi":"10.15406/OGIJ.2020.11.00523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/OGIJ.2020.11.00523","url":null,"abstract":"Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder 5 to 16% present in of women of reproductive age, which can suffer alterations in reproductive, cardiometabolic, hormonal and cardiovascular functions that can culminate in the development of other diseases. One of the treatments consists of improving life habits like physical exercise practice. Systematic reviews and studies in recent years have pointed out that the training protocols performed on women with PCOS were mostly conducted without control, randomization and personalization for this disease. Thus, the present study aims to investigate Pubmed database on the last year (between 05/31/2019 and 05/31/2020) if there are recent publications of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigate the effects of physical training in women with PCOS.","PeriodicalId":19389,"journal":{"name":"Obstetrics & Gynecology International Journal","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74045615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-12DOI: 10.15406/ogij.2020.11.00522
R. Love
Background: While the combination of ovarian suppression or ablation treatment and tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor has been demonstrated to provide better outcomes as adjuvant therapies in premenopausal women with hormone receptor positive breast cancer, than treatment with tamoxifen alone, the details of applying these results in clinical practice, and the risks and benefits of the different ovarian treatments, particularly in women at lower risk for disease recurrence and death, have received limited attention. Methods: Details of clinical trials investigating combination hormonal adjuvant therapies, particularly with tamoxifen, were reviewed focusing on issues pertinent to assessment of risks and benefits in clinical practice. Results: Equivalent survival outcomes from surgical oophorectomy (SO) or GnRH agonist treatment plus tamoxifen, for which there are the most data at present, make the major decision issues for individual patients in choosing between these treatments: interest in future pregnancy, availability of data on secondary biological effects, capacity to adhere to a GnRH injection program for 5years, and ability to optimize dental hygiene (for taking bisphosphonate additional treatment). Other considerations applicable in individual patients include comparative secondary treatment effects, financial costs, and psychological impacts. Conclusion: If a patient with low-risk for recurrence breast cancer has interest in a future pregnancy, GnRH treatment is clearly appropriate. Otherwise, all major and minor risks of GnRH treatment are greater than those for SO treatment, when combined hormonal treatment with tamoxifen is taken.
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