Amaury Esquivel Romo, Ulises Noel Gutierrez Guzmán, Alejandro Moreno Reséndez, Francisco Gerardo Veliz Deras, Fernando Arellano Rodríguez, Jorge Arturo Bustamante Andrade, María Esther Rios Vega, Apolinar González Mancilla
La adquisición de imágenes de alta resolución mediante drones y su posterior procesamiento proporcionan información valiosa sobre variables biofísicas de vegetación de pastizales. El objetivo de este estudio fue generar un modelo de predicción de la dinámica de la productividad anual de un pastizal semiárido del norte de México mediante la cobertura vegetal estimada en fotografías digitales obtenidas por dron. Se diseño un sistema de muestreo permanente en el predio ganadero La Cieneguilla. Las variables de estudio medidas fueron la producción de biomasa de corte directo como variable dependiente y la cobertura vegetal estimada en imágenes digitales adquiridas por dron como variable independiente. El número de muestras recogidas de ambas variables fue de 640 durante el año 2020. Con el 50% de los datos se generó el modelo de predicción y con el otro 50% de los datos el modelo de validación, los modelos de regresión ajustados fueron de la forma Y = β0 + β1X + β2X2 con R2 ajustado = 71.64% y 69.90% respectivamente. Esta metodología propuesta ofrece un medio no destructivo y preciso para el monitoreo y evaluación anual de pastizales en áreas secas.
{"title":"Imágenes digitales obtenidas por dron para estimar el rendimiento de la biomasa en un sitio de pastizal del estado de Durango","authors":"Amaury Esquivel Romo, Ulises Noel Gutierrez Guzmán, Alejandro Moreno Reséndez, Francisco Gerardo Veliz Deras, Fernando Arellano Rodríguez, Jorge Arturo Bustamante Andrade, María Esther Rios Vega, Apolinar González Mancilla","doi":"10.21640/ns.v15i30.3174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v15i30.3174","url":null,"abstract":"La adquisición de imágenes de alta resolución mediante drones y su posterior procesamiento proporcionan información valiosa sobre variables biofísicas de vegetación de pastizales. El objetivo de este estudio fue generar un modelo de predicción de la dinámica de la productividad anual de un pastizal semiárido del norte de México mediante la cobertura vegetal estimada en fotografías digitales obtenidas por dron. Se diseño un sistema de muestreo permanente en el predio ganadero La Cieneguilla. Las variables de estudio medidas fueron la producción de biomasa de corte directo como variable dependiente y la cobertura vegetal estimada en imágenes digitales adquiridas por dron como variable independiente. El número de muestras recogidas de ambas variables fue de 640 durante el año 2020. Con el 50% de los datos se generó el modelo de predicción y con el otro 50% de los datos el modelo de validación, los modelos de regresión ajustados fueron de la forma Y = β0 + β1X + β2X2 con R2 ajustado = 71.64% y 69.90% respectivamente. Esta metodología propuesta ofrece un medio no destructivo y preciso para el monitoreo y evaluación anual de pastizales en áreas secas.","PeriodicalId":19411,"journal":{"name":"Nova Scientia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78597061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to the global increase in the population aged 60 years or older, it has been sought to know the role of technological tools to promote well-being in this population group, however, most of the studies that have been carried out provide information mainly from developed countries, and the characteristics of this sector of the population in Latin American countries are known to a lesser extent; therefore, this quantitative research of non-experimental, cross-sectional and explanatory design, the relationship of some sociodemographic and psychological variables (health perception, loneliness and attitude towards computers) with the use of the Internet in older people was analyzed. A total of 4,588 elderly people participated (62.1% women and 37.9% men), with a mean age of 70.15 years. Instruments that evaluated attitudes towards computers, perception of loneliness, use of technological tools and a questionnaire with sociodemographic questions were applied. The results of the logistic regression showed that increased efficiency and interest in computers, better perception of health, higher income and school level, as well as lower age and loneliness, are associated with an increased probability that older people use the internet frequently.
{"title":"Variables asociadas al uso de internet en personas mayores","authors":"Alejandro González González, Patricia Andrade Palos, Diana Betancourt Ocampo, María Enriqueta Sánchez Hernández","doi":"10.21640/ns.v15i30.3205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v15i30.3205","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the global increase in the population aged 60 years or older, it has been sought to know the role of technological tools to promote well-being in this population group, however, most of the studies that have been carried out provide information mainly from developed countries, and the characteristics of this sector of the population in Latin American countries are known to a lesser extent; therefore, this quantitative research of non-experimental, cross-sectional and explanatory design, the relationship of some sociodemographic and psychological variables (health perception, loneliness and attitude towards computers) with the use of the Internet in older people was analyzed. A total of 4,588 elderly people participated (62.1% women and 37.9% men), with a mean age of 70.15 years. Instruments that evaluated attitudes towards computers, perception of loneliness, use of technological tools and a questionnaire with sociodemographic questions were applied. The results of the logistic regression showed that increased efficiency and interest in computers, better perception of health, higher income and school level, as well as lower age and loneliness, are associated with an increased probability that older people use the internet frequently.","PeriodicalId":19411,"journal":{"name":"Nova Scientia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90350698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kenia Madrazo de la Rosa, Héctor F. Nieto, Edmundo I. Vázquez, Alexis M. Navarro, Alan García Zermeño, José D. Cajina, Saúl E. Sierra, Modesto A. Sosa
Controlled sun exposure can greatly benefit vitamin D synthesis, however, irresponsible sun exposure can cause considerable biological damage. Among the extraterrestrial solar radiation that reaches the earth's surface, UV rays are characterized by having the shortest wavelengths (less than 400 nm) and the highest frequencies, which is why they concentrate a large amount of energy. In particular, radiation with wavelengths less than 300 nm can alter DNA molecules and cause biological damage such as skin changes, cataracts, possible mutations, immunosuppression, photoaging and many other conditions. Therefore, this research estimates the global solar radiation and the incident daily UV radiation, as well as the UV index in order to identify the possible dose of absorbed radiation and consequently identify the relevant protection actions for the local population.
{"title":"Study and characterization of global solar radiation and incident UV in the city of Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico","authors":"Kenia Madrazo de la Rosa, Héctor F. Nieto, Edmundo I. Vázquez, Alexis M. Navarro, Alan García Zermeño, José D. Cajina, Saúl E. Sierra, Modesto A. Sosa","doi":"10.21640/ns.v15i30.3093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v15i30.3093","url":null,"abstract":"Controlled sun exposure can greatly benefit vitamin D synthesis, however, irresponsible sun exposure can cause considerable biological damage. Among the extraterrestrial solar radiation that reaches the earth's surface, UV rays are characterized by having the shortest wavelengths (less than 400 nm) and the highest frequencies, which is why they concentrate a large amount of energy. In particular, radiation with wavelengths less than 300 nm can alter DNA molecules and cause biological damage such as skin changes, cataracts, possible mutations, immunosuppression, photoaging and many other conditions. Therefore, this research estimates the global solar radiation and the incident daily UV radiation, as well as the UV index in order to identify the possible dose of absorbed radiation and consequently identify the relevant protection actions for the local population.","PeriodicalId":19411,"journal":{"name":"Nova Scientia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135394596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ramiro Vallejo Rodríguez, Roberto E. San Juan Farfán, Elizabeth León Becerril, Valeria Ojeda Castillo, Daryl Osuna Laveaga, Valentín Flores Payán
Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDC) are present in surface water bodies that supply water to the population. One of them is bisphenol A (BPA), which is listed as a carcinogen. This research addresses its degradation through the ozone reaction and presents a likely pathway established by analyzing products and degradation products using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). BPA degradation was carried out under pseudo-first-order conditions, where liquid phase ozone was the limiting reactive, in doses of ≈2.29 × 10-4 M and BPA doses of 1.25 × 10-4, 17.5 × 10-4, and 35.0 × 10-4 M, looking to have molar ratios [BPA]> [O3]; the oxidation reaction was carried out in a stopped-flow system that allows obtaining results in the order of seconds. The degradation pathway obtained shows the rupture of one of the benzene rings, decreasing the phenolic toxicity of the BPA compound. The proposed pathway can contribute to the understanding of the degradation of BPA in the environment and tertiary treatment processes with the use of ozone. Likewise, it is intended to contribute with new data to the issues of drinking water treatment to offer safe water to the population.
{"title":"Propuesta de ruta de degradación del BPA durante la reacción del ozono","authors":"Ramiro Vallejo Rodríguez, Roberto E. San Juan Farfán, Elizabeth León Becerril, Valeria Ojeda Castillo, Daryl Osuna Laveaga, Valentín Flores Payán","doi":"10.21640/ns.v15i30.3215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v15i30.3215","url":null,"abstract":"Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDC) are present in surface water bodies that supply water to the population. One of them is bisphenol A (BPA), which is listed as a carcinogen. This research addresses its degradation through the ozone reaction and presents a likely pathway established by analyzing products and degradation products using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). BPA degradation was carried out under pseudo-first-order conditions, where liquid phase ozone was the limiting reactive, in doses of ≈2.29 × 10-4 M and BPA doses of 1.25 × 10-4, 17.5 × 10-4, and 35.0 × 10-4 M, looking to have molar ratios [BPA]> [O3]; the oxidation reaction was carried out in a stopped-flow system that allows obtaining results in the order of seconds. The degradation pathway obtained shows the rupture of one of the benzene rings, decreasing the phenolic toxicity of the BPA compound. The proposed pathway can contribute to the understanding of the degradation of BPA in the environment and tertiary treatment processes with the use of ozone. Likewise, it is intended to contribute with new data to the issues of drinking water treatment to offer safe water to the population.","PeriodicalId":19411,"journal":{"name":"Nova Scientia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86566545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Psychosomatic symptoms are physical manifestations of psychological origin that are not adequately explained by organic causes. For this reason, it is difficult to differentiate them from other conditions, so health sciences must consider their diagnosis and research on them a priority. The PHQ-15 (Patient Health Questionnaire) is an instrument that allows its diagnosis through a list of 15 psychosomatic symptoms. The purpose of this research was to validate the PHQ-15 for the Mexican adult population, obtaining indicators of reliability, construct, and convergent validity. First, the instrument was translated and culturally adapted. This version was evaluated by mental health specialists and doctors. The PHQ-15 and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were applied to 420 Mexican participants through an online survey. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis was performed that rectified the unifactorial structure. The results showed acceptable fit indicators and a significant contribution of all the reagents to the model. The correlations between the PHQ-15 and the HADS showed a directly proportional relationship between psychosomatic symptoms with depression and anxiety, which provides evidence of convergent validity. Regarding internal consistency, it showed adequate levels of reliability.
{"title":"Validation of the PHQ-15 questionnaire version for the Mexican population to assess psychosomatic symptoms","authors":"Andrea Bravo Doddoli, P. D. Díaz Rivera","doi":"10.21640/ns.v15i30.3168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v15i30.3168","url":null,"abstract":"Psychosomatic symptoms are physical manifestations of psychological origin that are not adequately explained by organic causes. For this reason, it is difficult to differentiate them from other conditions, so health sciences must consider their diagnosis and research on them a priority. The PHQ-15 (Patient Health Questionnaire) is an instrument that allows its diagnosis through a list of 15 psychosomatic symptoms. The purpose of this research was to validate the PHQ-15 for the Mexican adult population, obtaining indicators of reliability, construct, and convergent validity. First, the instrument was translated and culturally adapted. This version was evaluated by mental health specialists and doctors. The PHQ-15 and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were applied to 420 Mexican participants through an online survey. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis was performed that rectified the unifactorial structure. The results showed acceptable fit indicators and a significant contribution of all the reagents to the model. The correlations between the PHQ-15 and the HADS showed a directly proportional relationship between psychosomatic symptoms with depression and anxiety, which provides evidence of convergent validity. Regarding internal consistency, it showed adequate levels of reliability.","PeriodicalId":19411,"journal":{"name":"Nova Scientia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90357186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. L. Díaz León, C. Hernández Navarro, Mariana Itzel Martínez Valencia, José Antonio Vázquez López
La relación entre la resistencia del material y la geometría de los andamios óseos asegura que los poros del andamio se mantengan íntegros mientras las células de los huesos se desarrollan a través de ellos. En este estudio se presentan las simulaciones mecánicas de dos geometrías de andamios óseos usando las propiedades mecánicas de la Hidroxiapatita (HAp) mezclado con ácido láctico. Se realizaron ensayos de compresión en la HAp para conocer sus propiedades mecánicas, después se modelaron dos geometrías de andamios óseos en base a la porosidad y tamaño adecuados para la regeneración celular según lo reportado en la literatura y se usaron los valores de las propiedades mecánicas para las simulaciones MEF. Se encontró un módulo elástico de 253.4 MPa, el esfuerzo de cedencia de 7.53 MPa y el módulo de Poisson de 0.33. Las porosidades calculadas para los modelos CAD cúbico y cilíndrico son de 43.83% y de 50.51% respectivamente. Se encontró que el modelo cúbico soportó una fuerza de 21 N en contraste con el modelo cilíndrico que soportó una fuerza de 19 N, estas fuerzas se aplicaron en las simulaciones con la finalidad de no superar el esfuerzo máximo permisible de 4.5 MPa de la HAp.
{"title":"Análisis de esfuerzos en geometrías de andamios óseos bajo cargas de compresión con las propiedades mecánicas de un material de Hidroxiapatita/ácido láctico","authors":"J. L. Díaz León, C. Hernández Navarro, Mariana Itzel Martínez Valencia, José Antonio Vázquez López","doi":"10.21640/ns.v15i30.3179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v15i30.3179","url":null,"abstract":"La relación entre la resistencia del material y la geometría de los andamios óseos asegura que los poros del andamio se mantengan íntegros mientras las células de los huesos se desarrollan a través de ellos. En este estudio se presentan las simulaciones mecánicas de dos geometrías de andamios óseos usando las propiedades mecánicas de la Hidroxiapatita (HAp) mezclado con ácido láctico. Se realizaron ensayos de compresión en la HAp para conocer sus propiedades mecánicas, después se modelaron dos geometrías de andamios óseos en base a la porosidad y tamaño adecuados para la regeneración celular según lo reportado en la literatura y se usaron los valores de las propiedades mecánicas para las simulaciones MEF. Se encontró un módulo elástico de 253.4 MPa, el esfuerzo de cedencia de 7.53 MPa y el módulo de Poisson de 0.33. Las porosidades calculadas para los modelos CAD cúbico y cilíndrico son de 43.83% y de 50.51% respectivamente. Se encontró que el modelo cúbico soportó una fuerza de 21 N en contraste con el modelo cilíndrico que soportó una fuerza de 19 N, estas fuerzas se aplicaron en las simulaciones con la finalidad de no superar el esfuerzo máximo permisible de 4.5 MPa de la HAp.","PeriodicalId":19411,"journal":{"name":"Nova Scientia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76958861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alberto Muro Reyes, Francisco Javier Gutiérrez Piña, Carlos Rodríguez Muela, C. A. Amaya Guerra, Héctor Gutiérrez Bañuelos, L. H. Díaz García, Laura Alicia Polín Raygoza, Alejandro Espinoza Canales
Solid-state fermented apple pomace (AP-SSF) enriched with non-nitrogen protein has been studied as an alternative ingredient for feeding dairy cattle. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of AP-SSF in the feeding of dairy cows in early lactation on the yield and quality of milk, microbial contamination, and ruminal fermentation parameters, as well as the concentration of ammonia and the number of protozoa. Twenty Holstein cows were used, 20 of 660 kg on average, with 2-4 lactations and an average of 89 days in milk. Two groups were formed with ten cows each, randomly distributed to form a 2 x 2 Latin square with standard periods. Experiment diets were formulated with traditional ingredients, and one of them was added AP-SSF. Rations were gradually incorporated, giving ten days for adaptation and another 20 days for sampling. In lactose and production variables, no difference was statistically significant (P> 0.05) in milk fat and protein differences (P < 0.05) in the first component for the control treatment and the second toward treatment, as AP-SSF succeeded in increasing the percentage of milk fat. For Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp. and Total coliform differences (P < 0.05) in favor of the treatment were achieved AP-SSF and decreased the CFU / mL for Salmonella sp. while there was no difference (P > 0.05). Volatile fatty acids showed statistical difference (P < 0.05) for Acetic, Propionic, and Butyric acids. AP-SSF treatment for the rest of the parameters ruminal pH, ammonia, and protozoa did not show any significant difference (P > 0.05) between treatments. Concluded that it is possible to incorporate AP-SSF as a protein ingredient in diets of dairy cows in early lactation because some variables improved and showed no adverse effects in any of the variables evaluated.
{"title":"Ruminal fermentation profile, yield milk and chemic and microbiologic quality in dairy cattle feed with nitrogen enriches apple pomace","authors":"Alberto Muro Reyes, Francisco Javier Gutiérrez Piña, Carlos Rodríguez Muela, C. A. Amaya Guerra, Héctor Gutiérrez Bañuelos, L. H. Díaz García, Laura Alicia Polín Raygoza, Alejandro Espinoza Canales","doi":"10.21640/ns.v15i30.3158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v15i30.3158","url":null,"abstract":"Solid-state fermented apple pomace (AP-SSF) enriched with non-nitrogen protein has been studied as an alternative ingredient for feeding dairy cattle. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of AP-SSF in the feeding of dairy cows in early lactation on the yield and quality of milk, microbial contamination, and ruminal fermentation parameters, as well as the concentration of ammonia and the number of protozoa. Twenty Holstein cows were used, 20 of 660 kg on average, with 2-4 lactations and an average of 89 days in milk. Two groups were formed with ten cows each, randomly distributed to form a 2 x 2 Latin square with standard periods. Experiment diets were formulated with traditional ingredients, and one of them was added AP-SSF. Rations were gradually incorporated, giving ten days for adaptation and another 20 days for sampling. In lactose and production variables, no difference was statistically significant (P> 0.05) in milk fat and protein differences (P < 0.05) in the first component for the control treatment and the second toward treatment, as AP-SSF succeeded in increasing the percentage of milk fat. For Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp. and Total coliform differences (P < 0.05) in favor of the treatment were achieved AP-SSF and decreased the CFU / mL for Salmonella sp. while there was no difference (P > 0.05). Volatile fatty acids showed statistical difference (P < 0.05) for Acetic, Propionic, and Butyric acids. AP-SSF treatment for the rest of the parameters ruminal pH, ammonia, and protozoa did not show any significant difference (P > 0.05) between treatments. Concluded that it is possible to incorporate AP-SSF as a protein ingredient in diets of dairy cows in early lactation because some variables improved and showed no adverse effects in any of the variables evaluated.","PeriodicalId":19411,"journal":{"name":"Nova Scientia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78254555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
José Alonso Dena Aguilar, Juan Carlos Delgado Flores, Julio Acevedo Martínez, Víctor Manuel Velasco Gallardo, Edgar Zacarías Moreno, Enrique Javier Martínez Delgado, Nivia Iracemi Escalante García
This document presents the development of a prototype of a Cartesian robot with a 5 degrees-of-freedom articulated robot arm for possible applications in a wet spinning process at the laboratory-level. The mechatronic system was developed using various modular electronics elements compatible with an ArduinoTM Mega 2560 microcontroller. The control algorithm recognizes the position of the servomotors and the speed of the motors so that the prototype performs a complete cycle of displacement in 67 s, which includes the transport of a polymeric filament immersed in a coagulation bath for 10 s. A structural analysis indicates that there will be no tension failures because the maximum and axial stress of the Cartesian robot was 2.89 MPa while the von Mises tension of the robotic arm was 468 MPa, both tensions below their upper limits. The pulse signals, in the order of 4000 +25 ms, of the servomotors were consistent in 96-98% repeatability and 3-19% reproducibility. Forty percent of the extrusion tests performed were satisfactory, since the transport of a polymeric filament within a coagulant solution was achieved.
本文介绍了一种具有5自由度铰接机械臂的笛卡尔机器人原型的开发，该机器人可能应用于实验室水平的湿纺过程。该机电系统是使用与ArduinoTM Mega 2560微控制器兼容的各种模块化电子元件开发的。控制算法可以识别伺服电机的位置和电机的速度，从而使原型机在67秒内完成一个完整的位移周期，其中包括在凝固浴中浸泡10秒的聚合物丝的传输。结构分析表明，由于笛卡尔机器人的最大应力和轴向应力为2.89 MPa，机械臂的von Mises张力为468 MPa，均低于其上限，因此不会出现张力破坏。在4000 + 25ms量级，伺服电机的脉冲信号一致，重复性为96-98%，重复性为3-19%。40%的挤出试验是令人满意的，因为在混凝剂溶液中实现了聚合物长丝的传输。
{"title":"Design, manufacture, and control motion of cartesian robot prototype with 5-DOF robot arm for possible spinning applications at laboratory-level","authors":"José Alonso Dena Aguilar, Juan Carlos Delgado Flores, Julio Acevedo Martínez, Víctor Manuel Velasco Gallardo, Edgar Zacarías Moreno, Enrique Javier Martínez Delgado, Nivia Iracemi Escalante García","doi":"10.21640/ns.v15i30.3209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v15i30.3209","url":null,"abstract":"This document presents the development of a prototype of a Cartesian robot with a 5 degrees-of-freedom articulated robot arm for possible applications in a wet spinning process at the laboratory-level. The mechatronic system was developed using various modular electronics elements compatible with an ArduinoTM Mega 2560 microcontroller. The control algorithm recognizes the position of the servomotors and the speed of the motors so that the prototype performs a complete cycle of displacement in 67 s, which includes the transport of a polymeric filament immersed in a coagulation bath for 10 s. A structural analysis indicates that there will be no tension failures because the maximum and axial stress of the Cartesian robot was 2.89 MPa while the von Mises tension of the robotic arm was 468 MPa, both tensions below their upper limits. The pulse signals, in the order of 4000 +25 ms, of the servomotors were consistent in 96-98% repeatability and 3-19% reproducibility. Forty percent of the extrusion tests performed were satisfactory, since the transport of a polymeric filament within a coagulant solution was achieved.","PeriodicalId":19411,"journal":{"name":"Nova Scientia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74552186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jaime Sebastián F. Galán Jiménez, Brenda Oros López, Leire Campos Llamas, Luis Antonio Báez Ávalos, Keshia Yunuen Reyes Chávez, Omar Sánchez-Armáss Cappello
Structural violence occurs by means of social stratification, injustice, political or economic inequity, race, gender, or other conditions. It creates different opportunities and decreases the possibility of covering basic needs. To validate the Structural Violence Beliefs Scale for Youth (SVBS-Y). The scale was developed following a sequential design, starting with content validation by judges, followed by Exploratory and Confirmatory Factorial Analyses (CFA). Finally, we sought to obtain criterion validity evidence with the “Attitudes Toward the Poor Scale”. The sample consisted of 852 students (445 females and 407 male), with an average age of 16.44 (SD = 1.92) years. The CFA confirmed three dimensions: (a) Inequity and prejudice towards people with fewer resources, (b) Interest in equal opportunities, and (c) Ruling class privilege. A rho=.64 indicated an adequate criterion (concurrent) validity. This study provides evidence that the SVBS-Y is a reliable and valid instrument in Mexican youth.
{"title":"Psychometric properties of the Structural Violence Beliefs Scale for Youth","authors":"Jaime Sebastián F. Galán Jiménez, Brenda Oros López, Leire Campos Llamas, Luis Antonio Báez Ávalos, Keshia Yunuen Reyes Chávez, Omar Sánchez-Armáss Cappello","doi":"10.21640/ns.v15i30.3167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v15i30.3167","url":null,"abstract":"Structural violence occurs by means of social stratification, injustice, political or economic inequity, race, gender, or other conditions. It creates different opportunities and decreases the possibility of covering basic needs. To validate the Structural Violence Beliefs Scale for Youth (SVBS-Y). The scale was developed following a sequential design, starting with content validation by judges, followed by Exploratory and Confirmatory Factorial Analyses (CFA). Finally, we sought to obtain criterion validity evidence with the “Attitudes Toward the Poor Scale”. The sample consisted of 852 students (445 females and 407 male), with an average age of 16.44 (SD = 1.92) years. The CFA confirmed three dimensions: (a) Inequity and prejudice towards people with fewer resources, (b) Interest in equal opportunities, and (c) Ruling class privilege. A rho=.64 indicated an adequate criterion (concurrent) validity. This study provides evidence that the SVBS-Y is a reliable and valid instrument in Mexican youth.","PeriodicalId":19411,"journal":{"name":"Nova Scientia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85952888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aunque múltiples países en Latinoamérica han firmado la Convención Interamericana sobre la Protección de los Derechos Humanos de las Personas Mayores, aún falta mucho por hacer en esta población. El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer las necesidades actuales que expresan los adultos mayores tanto en el área urbana como rural en una población de México. Mediante la realización de 5 grupos focales (3 en el área urbana y 2 en la rural), junto con la asignación de prioridad de las necesidades identificadas mediante un cuestionario auto-aplicable y anónimo, se identificó que, la necesidad considerada en primer lugar fue la atención en salud, seguido de adecuaciones en la vivienda propias para adultos mayores en todo el grupo. Las necesidades de cultura/diversión y apoyo administrativo, aunque no alcanzaron diferencia significativa en la priorización, la primera presentó tendencia a ser más prioritaria para el área urbana y la segunda para la rural. El ejercicio, capacitación/desarrollo y apoyo legal se identificaron con mayor prioridad en el área rural que en la urbana. La necesidad de vestido se identificó en los últimos lugares de prioridad sin diferencia de selección entre los grupos.
{"title":"Adultos mayores: sus prioridades diferenciadas en áreas rurales y urbanas en una población mexicana","authors":"Norma Amador Licona, Juan Manuel Guízar Mendoza","doi":"10.21640/ns.v15i30.3239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21640/ns.v15i30.3239","url":null,"abstract":"Aunque múltiples países en Latinoamérica han firmado la Convención Interamericana sobre la Protección de los Derechos Humanos de las Personas Mayores, aún falta mucho por hacer en esta población. El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer las necesidades actuales que expresan los adultos mayores tanto en el área urbana como rural en una población de México. Mediante la realización de 5 grupos focales (3 en el área urbana y 2 en la rural), junto con la asignación de prioridad de las necesidades identificadas mediante un cuestionario auto-aplicable y anónimo, se identificó que, la necesidad considerada en primer lugar fue la atención en salud, seguido de adecuaciones en la vivienda propias para adultos mayores en todo el grupo. Las necesidades de cultura/diversión y apoyo administrativo, aunque no alcanzaron diferencia significativa en la priorización, la primera presentó tendencia a ser más prioritaria para el área urbana y la segunda para la rural. El ejercicio, capacitación/desarrollo y apoyo legal se identificaron con mayor prioridad en el área rural que en la urbana. La necesidad de vestido se identificó en los últimos lugares de prioridad sin diferencia de selección entre los grupos.","PeriodicalId":19411,"journal":{"name":"Nova Scientia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88479418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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