Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.1097/01.aoa.0001005400.21110.dc
L. Slade, H. Mistry, J. Bone, M. Wilson, M. Blackman, N. Syeda, P. von Dadelszen, L. Magee
(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2023;228(4):418–429.e34) Many risk factors contribute to adverse outcomes in pregnancy related to elevated blood pressure. High blood pressure or hypertension, has also been shown to be connected to poor outcomes outside of pregnancy, and clinical guidelines have recently changed to reflect stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension rather than a global definition of hypertension. Guidelines for defining hypertension in pregnancy, however, have not changed with general practice guidelines. There is substantial evidence linking hypertension with pregnancy complications such as pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, but there has been no movement to adjust guidelines for hypertension diagnosis or treatment in pregnancy. This systematic review aimed to evaluate whether there is evidence to support the changing of practice guidelines and the definition of hypertension in pregnancy to the American College of Cardiology (ACC) and American Heart Association (AHA) recommendations to help identify individuals at risk of developing pre-eclampsia or other pregnancy complications.
{"title":"American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association Blood Pressure Categories: A Systematic Review of the Relationship With Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in the First Half of Pregnancy","authors":"L. Slade, H. Mistry, J. Bone, M. Wilson, M. Blackman, N. Syeda, P. von Dadelszen, L. Magee","doi":"10.1097/01.aoa.0001005400.21110.dc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.aoa.0001005400.21110.dc","url":null,"abstract":"(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2023;228(4):418–429.e34)\u0000 Many risk factors contribute to adverse outcomes in pregnancy related to elevated blood pressure. High blood pressure or hypertension, has also been shown to be connected to poor outcomes outside of pregnancy, and clinical guidelines have recently changed to reflect stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension rather than a global definition of hypertension. Guidelines for defining hypertension in pregnancy, however, have not changed with general practice guidelines. There is substantial evidence linking hypertension with pregnancy complications such as pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, but there has been no movement to adjust guidelines for hypertension diagnosis or treatment in pregnancy. This systematic review aimed to evaluate whether there is evidence to support the changing of practice guidelines and the definition of hypertension in pregnancy to the American College of Cardiology (ACC) and American Heart Association (AHA) recommendations to help identify individuals at risk of developing pre-eclampsia or other pregnancy complications.","PeriodicalId":19432,"journal":{"name":"Obstetric Anesthesia Digest","volume":"14 4‐5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140438470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.1097/01.aoa.0001005468.49119.25
H. Corner, M. Barley, Y. Metodiev
(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2023:54:103650) Accidental awareness while one is under general anesthesia is a large concern that can lead to long-term psychological side effects. One in 670 patients undergoing general anesthesia for cesarean delivery will experience accidental awareness. This is related to inaccurate anesthesia dosages due to pregnancy-related factors. Neuraxial analgesia during cesarean delivery is often considered the best way to avoid accidental awareness; however, this is not always possible. This review aimed to assess and analyze the use of processed electroencephalography (pEEG) during cesarean delivery.
{"title":"The Use of Processed Electroencephalography (pEEG) in Obstetric Anesthesia: A Narrative Review","authors":"H. Corner, M. Barley, Y. Metodiev","doi":"10.1097/01.aoa.0001005468.49119.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.aoa.0001005468.49119.25","url":null,"abstract":"(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2023:54:103650)\u0000 Accidental awareness while one is under general anesthesia is a large concern that can lead to long-term psychological side effects. One in 670 patients undergoing general anesthesia for cesarean delivery will experience accidental awareness. This is related to inaccurate anesthesia dosages due to pregnancy-related factors. Neuraxial analgesia during cesarean delivery is often considered the best way to avoid accidental awareness; however, this is not always possible. This review aimed to assess and analyze the use of processed electroencephalography (pEEG) during cesarean delivery.","PeriodicalId":19432,"journal":{"name":"Obstetric Anesthesia Digest","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140438551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.1097/01.aoa.0001005216.45953.a7
K. P. Ramlakhan, J. A. van der Zande, J. Roos-Hesselink, A. Franx, J. Cornette
(BJOG. 2024;130(7):813–822) Women admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) during pregnancy or postpartum have altered their physical and psychological quality of life (QoL). Maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity are distressing issues impacting many facilities. The long-term impact of peripartum ICU admission is unknown. Two prior studies on QoL after obstetric ICU admissions have found it important to record the physical and emotional impact on the patient and their family.
{"title":"Long-Term Quality of Life After Obstetric Intensive Care Unit Admission: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study","authors":"K. P. Ramlakhan, J. A. van der Zande, J. Roos-Hesselink, A. Franx, J. Cornette","doi":"10.1097/01.aoa.0001005216.45953.a7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.aoa.0001005216.45953.a7","url":null,"abstract":"(BJOG. 2024;130(7):813–822)\u0000 Women admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) during pregnancy or postpartum have altered their physical and psychological quality of life (QoL). Maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity are distressing issues impacting many facilities. The long-term impact of peripartum ICU admission is unknown. Two prior studies on QoL after obstetric ICU admissions have found it important to record the physical and emotional impact on the patient and their family.","PeriodicalId":19432,"journal":{"name":"Obstetric Anesthesia Digest","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140438576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.1097/01.aoa.0001005464.67991.7b
K. Liu, P. Zhao, M. Ding, H. Ji, B. Tao
(Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2023;48:168–172. doi: 10.1136/rapm-2022-104242) Complications in pregnancy leading to preterm labor or miscarriage can occur for a variety of reasons. One reason that represents a significant public health burden is cervical incompetence or insufficiency. Current treatment guidelines focus on cervical cerclage as an effective treatment to prevent or arrest the effects of cervical insufficiency. Performing this procedure requires surgery, and therefore different anesthetic methods can be used to minimize pain and adverse outcomes for the patients, namely general or neuraxial anesthesia. One local anesthetic used for spinal neuraxial blocks in obstetrics is ropivacaine, but research has not explored its effect when used for cervical cerclage. This study from China was designed to find the median effective dose of intrathecal ropivacaine for cervical cerclage placement in 50% of patients (ED50). Secondary to this, the effective dose of intrathecal ropivacaine in 95% of patients (ED95) was also calculated. Other outcome measures included the duration of the sensory and motor blocks.
{"title":"Median Effective Dose of Ropivacaine for Prophylactic Cervical Cerclage in Chinese Women: A Dose-Finding Study","authors":"K. Liu, P. Zhao, M. Ding, H. Ji, B. Tao","doi":"10.1097/01.aoa.0001005464.67991.7b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.aoa.0001005464.67991.7b","url":null,"abstract":"(Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2023;48:168–172. doi: 10.1136/rapm-2022-104242)\u0000 Complications in pregnancy leading to preterm labor or miscarriage can occur for a variety of reasons. One reason that represents a significant public health burden is cervical incompetence or insufficiency. Current treatment guidelines focus on cervical cerclage as an effective treatment to prevent or arrest the effects of cervical insufficiency. Performing this procedure requires surgery, and therefore different anesthetic methods can be used to minimize pain and adverse outcomes for the patients, namely general or neuraxial anesthesia. One local anesthetic used for spinal neuraxial blocks in obstetrics is ropivacaine, but research has not explored its effect when used for cervical cerclage. This study from China was designed to find the median effective dose of intrathecal ropivacaine for cervical cerclage placement in 50% of patients (ED50). Secondary to this, the effective dose of intrathecal ropivacaine in 95% of patients (ED95) was also calculated. Other outcome measures included the duration of the sensory and motor blocks.","PeriodicalId":19432,"journal":{"name":"Obstetric Anesthesia Digest","volume":"75 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140439007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.1097/01.aoa.0001005340.89514.6a
P. Lambert, A. Tomazzini, P. Wright, C. McEvoy, I. Gallos, A. Ammerdorffer, L. Chinery, A. Coomarasamy, A.M. Gulmezoglu
(BJOG. 2023;130:741–749) Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is defined as the loss of more than 1000 mL of blood after childbirth. Signs and symptoms are present after birth, and they can be prevented. The World Health Organization has defined treatment for PPH. World Health Organization has created a bundle of recommendations based on evidence consisting of uterotonic medications, tranexamic acid (TXA), intravenous fluids, and uterine massage. This treatment bundle is known as E-MOTIVE intervention and is to be administered in cases of PPH.
{"title":"The Compatibility of Oxytocin and Tranexamic Acid Injection Products When Mixed for Coadministration by Infusion for the Treatment of Postpartum Hemorrhage: An In Vitro Investigation","authors":"P. Lambert, A. Tomazzini, P. Wright, C. McEvoy, I. Gallos, A. Ammerdorffer, L. Chinery, A. Coomarasamy, A.M. Gulmezoglu","doi":"10.1097/01.aoa.0001005340.89514.6a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.aoa.0001005340.89514.6a","url":null,"abstract":"(BJOG. 2023;130:741–749)\u0000 Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is defined as the loss of more than 1000 mL of blood after childbirth. Signs and symptoms are present after birth, and they can be prevented. The World Health Organization has defined treatment for PPH. World Health Organization has created a bundle of recommendations based on evidence consisting of uterotonic medications, tranexamic acid (TXA), intravenous fluids, and uterine massage. This treatment bundle is known as E-MOTIVE intervention and is to be administered in cases of PPH.","PeriodicalId":19432,"journal":{"name":"Obstetric Anesthesia Digest","volume":"111 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140439763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.1097/01.aoa.0001005448.83977.b4
L. Massov, B. Robinson, E. Rodriguez-Ramirez, R. Maude
(Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2023; 63: 193–197) Labor pain is a highly variable experience, with a wide range of both pharmacological and nonpharmacologic methods available to help relieve pain during labor. Virtual reality (VR) distraction therapy is one of many nonpharmacologic modalities shown to assist patients in managing their acute pain in clinical settings. This has been tested in patients undergoing chemotherapy, physical therapy, treatment for dental work, and burn wounds, among other procedures. Those who use VR technology wear a headset to experience a 3D multisensory virtual world. Four published quantitative studies to date have used VR to determine the influence of VR on laboring women’s pain scores. This preliminary study is an open-label, randomized, controlled cross-over trial to examine how effective VR is in decreasing pain in laboring women.
(Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2023; 63: 193-197) 分娩疼痛是一种千变万化的体验，有多种药物和非药物方法可用于缓解分娩疼痛。虚拟现实（VR）分散注意力疗法是众多非药物疗法中的一种，在临床环境中可帮助患者控制急性疼痛。这种方法已在接受化疗、物理治疗、牙科治疗和烧伤等手术的患者中进行过测试。使用 VR 技术的人戴上头盔，体验三维多感官虚拟世界。迄今为止，已有四项已发表的定量研究使用 VR 来确定 VR 对产妇疼痛评分的影响。这项初步研究是一项开放标签、随机对照交叉试验，旨在研究 VR 在减轻产妇疼痛方面的效果。
{"title":"Virtual Reality is Beneficial in Decreasing Pain in Laboring Women: A Preliminary Study","authors":"L. Massov, B. Robinson, E. Rodriguez-Ramirez, R. Maude","doi":"10.1097/01.aoa.0001005448.83977.b4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.aoa.0001005448.83977.b4","url":null,"abstract":"(Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2023; 63: 193–197)\u0000 Labor pain is a highly variable experience, with a wide range of both pharmacological and nonpharmacologic methods available to help relieve pain during labor. Virtual reality (VR) distraction therapy is one of many nonpharmacologic modalities shown to assist patients in managing their acute pain in clinical settings. This has been tested in patients undergoing chemotherapy, physical therapy, treatment for dental work, and burn wounds, among other procedures. Those who use VR technology wear a headset to experience a 3D multisensory virtual world. Four published quantitative studies to date have used VR to determine the influence of VR on laboring women’s pain scores. This preliminary study is an open-label, randomized, controlled cross-over trial to examine how effective VR is in decreasing pain in laboring women.","PeriodicalId":19432,"journal":{"name":"Obstetric Anesthesia Digest","volume":"32 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140440948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.1097/01.aoa.0001005280.66222.b5
W. Lee, M. S. Martins, R.B. George, A. Fernandez
(Can J Anaesth. 2023;70(6):1035–1046) Racial and ethnic disparities in obstetric anesthesia are the subject of this comprehensive scoping review, shedding light on a rather sparse body of literature in this domain. The majority of existing studies focus on the utilization of anesthesia and analgesia during labor and delivery, specifically highlighting comparisons between Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black patients against non-Hispanic White patients.
{"title":"Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Obstetric Anesthesia: A Scoping Review","authors":"W. Lee, M. S. Martins, R.B. George, A. Fernandez","doi":"10.1097/01.aoa.0001005280.66222.b5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.aoa.0001005280.66222.b5","url":null,"abstract":"(Can J Anaesth. 2023;70(6):1035–1046)\u0000 Racial and ethnic disparities in obstetric anesthesia are the subject of this comprehensive scoping review, shedding light on a rather sparse body of literature in this domain. The majority of existing studies focus on the utilization of anesthesia and analgesia during labor and delivery, specifically highlighting comparisons between Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black patients against non-Hispanic White patients.","PeriodicalId":19432,"journal":{"name":"Obstetric Anesthesia Digest","volume":"16 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140441660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.1097/01.aoa.0001005460.05315.f0
K. Mark, O. LeBeau
(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2023;228(4):478–479) Epidural analgesia is widely used and accepted as a safe and effective method for pain management during labor and delivery. Though there is substantial research supporting this, there is also concern that some drugs can cross the placenta into the fetal blood stream. The main concern is the transmission of opioids across the placenta to the fetus during labor and before birth, thereby resulting in residual effects after birth. This study aimed to examine the frequency with which newborns test positive for fentanyl in their urine after the use of epidural analgesia, as well as assess factors that increase the likelihood of a positive test and the association between fentanyl positivity and clinical outcomes for the newborn.
{"title":"Rates and Clinical Implications of Transplacental Transfer of Neuraxial Fentanyl to Neonate","authors":"K. Mark, O. LeBeau","doi":"10.1097/01.aoa.0001005460.05315.f0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.aoa.0001005460.05315.f0","url":null,"abstract":"(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2023;228(4):478–479)\u0000 Epidural analgesia is widely used and accepted as a safe and effective method for pain management during labor and delivery. Though there is substantial research supporting this, there is also concern that some drugs can cross the placenta into the fetal blood stream. The main concern is the transmission of opioids across the placenta to the fetus during labor and before birth, thereby resulting in residual effects after birth. This study aimed to examine the frequency with which newborns test positive for fentanyl in their urine after the use of epidural analgesia, as well as assess factors that increase the likelihood of a positive test and the association between fentanyl positivity and clinical outcomes for the newborn.","PeriodicalId":19432,"journal":{"name":"Obstetric Anesthesia Digest","volume":"92 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140438085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.1097/01.aoa.0001005352.44436.c6
S.R. Easter, A.B. Hameed, A. Shamshirsaz, K. Fox, C. Zelop
(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2023;228(5):509–520) Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is generally defined as the medical application of ultrasound directly at a patient’s bedside to assess acute or critical medical conditions. It is routinely used in emergencies, operating rooms, and intensive care units because of its many advantages. POCUS has a lack of radiation, is easily accessible and affordable, and allows obstetricians and other providers to take an ultrasound without having to transport their patients. While POCUS is usually limited to fetal and uterine imaging, it can be adjusted to assess maternal health by helping to diagnose, accelerate the commencement of targeted therapy, and evaluate response to treatment. In turn, earlier diagnoses and treatment can help improve complications in pregnant patients and hopefully reduce causes of preventable death.
{"title":"Point of Care Maternal Ultrasound in Obstetrics","authors":"S.R. Easter, A.B. Hameed, A. Shamshirsaz, K. Fox, C. Zelop","doi":"10.1097/01.aoa.0001005352.44436.c6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.aoa.0001005352.44436.c6","url":null,"abstract":"(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2023;228(5):509–520)\u0000 Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is generally defined as the medical application of ultrasound directly at a patient’s bedside to assess acute or critical medical conditions. It is routinely used in emergencies, operating rooms, and intensive care units because of its many advantages. POCUS has a lack of radiation, is easily accessible and affordable, and allows obstetricians and other providers to take an ultrasound without having to transport their patients. While POCUS is usually limited to fetal and uterine imaging, it can be adjusted to assess maternal health by helping to diagnose, accelerate the commencement of targeted therapy, and evaluate response to treatment. In turn, earlier diagnoses and treatment can help improve complications in pregnant patients and hopefully reduce causes of preventable death.","PeriodicalId":19432,"journal":{"name":"Obstetric Anesthesia Digest","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140438452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.1097/01.aoa.0001005308.28658.50
Y. Oyelese, A. Javinani, A.A. Shamsirsaz
(Obstet Gynecol. 2023;142:503–518) Vasa previa is defined as unprotected fetal blood vessels that run through placental tissue or the umbilical cord, either over or in proximity to the internal cervical os. The exposed nature of these vessels presents a significant risk of tear or rupture during labor or after amniotic membrane breaking, which can lead to serious complications such as fetal exsanguination, stillbirth, or neonatal death. This article examines the history of vasa previa, along with epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment.
{"title":"Vasa Previa","authors":"Y. Oyelese, A. Javinani, A.A. Shamsirsaz","doi":"10.1097/01.aoa.0001005308.28658.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.aoa.0001005308.28658.50","url":null,"abstract":"(Obstet Gynecol. 2023;142:503–518)\u0000 Vasa previa is defined as unprotected fetal blood vessels that run through placental tissue or the umbilical cord, either over or in proximity to the internal cervical os. The exposed nature of these vessels presents a significant risk of tear or rupture during labor or after amniotic membrane breaking, which can lead to serious complications such as fetal exsanguination, stillbirth, or neonatal death. This article examines the history of vasa previa, along with epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment.","PeriodicalId":19432,"journal":{"name":"Obstetric Anesthesia Digest","volume":"2 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140439242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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