S. Riley, S. Dery, K. Afreh‐Nuamah, D. Agyei-Dwarko, R. G. Ayizannon
Oil palm and its pollinators are native to Africa. Notwithstanding, it has been extensively cultivated outside its native range, so also has its pollinators been acquired and introduced. A concern, however is that most documentation on oil palm and its pollinators are non-indigenous, with little information of African origin commenting on their activities in Africa. Thus, a study on the insect pollinators of oil palm was carried out on two fruit forms: Dura and Tenera, (ages ten and seven, respectively), in Ghana. The aim was to understand how average monthly population density of the pollinators relates to one another, and to two bunch parameters (fruitset and fruit-to-bunch ratio). Nine species (all in the order Coleoptera) were consistently seen on the spikelets of anthesising male inflorescences, and eleven species on receptive female inflorescences. Six were of the Elaeidobius genus: E. kamerunicus, E. plagiatus, E. singularis, E. subvittatus, E. bilineatus, and Elaeidobius sp. 1 (unidentified species); two each were of the Microporum genus: M. congolenses, M. dispar, and the Prosoestus genus: P. scuptilis, P. minor; while one species was of either Atheta or Forficula. The pollinators were observed to be positively related, and to varying degree of significance. Fruitset level was acceptably high, indicating adequate pollinator population and efficient pollination. There was a positive relationship between population density of the pollinators and fruitset, and a negative relationship between the bunch parameters. A number of other insects were seldom observed around the male and female inflorescences; their role could not be defined.
{"title":"Pollinators of oil palm and relationship to fruitset and yield in two fruit forms in Ghana","authors":"S. Riley, S. Dery, K. Afreh‐Nuamah, D. Agyei-Dwarko, R. G. Ayizannon","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2022009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2022009","url":null,"abstract":"Oil palm and its pollinators are native to Africa. Notwithstanding, it has been extensively cultivated outside its native range, so also has its pollinators been acquired and introduced. A concern, however is that most documentation on oil palm and its pollinators are non-indigenous, with little information of African origin commenting on their activities in Africa. Thus, a study on the insect pollinators of oil palm was carried out on two fruit forms: Dura and Tenera, (ages ten and seven, respectively), in Ghana. The aim was to understand how average monthly population density of the pollinators relates to one another, and to two bunch parameters (fruitset and fruit-to-bunch ratio). Nine species (all in the order Coleoptera) were consistently seen on the spikelets of anthesising male inflorescences, and eleven species on receptive female inflorescences. Six were of the Elaeidobius genus: E. kamerunicus, E. plagiatus, E. singularis, E. subvittatus, E. bilineatus, and Elaeidobius sp. 1 (unidentified species); two each were of the Microporum genus: M. congolenses, M. dispar, and the Prosoestus genus: P. scuptilis, P. minor; while one species was of either Atheta or Forficula. The pollinators were observed to be positively related, and to varying degree of significance. Fruitset level was acceptably high, indicating adequate pollinator population and efficient pollination. There was a positive relationship between population density of the pollinators and fruitset, and a negative relationship between the bunch parameters. A number of other insects were seldom observed around the male and female inflorescences; their role could not be defined.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85942319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This is anOpe Sunflowers are grown on an increasing area in the world (over 28 million hectares in 2021, with a production of over 50 million tons (NSA) and its importance in human and animal nutrition is therefore increasing. As a result, more attention is paid to the issue of growing and processing sunflowers and all aspects of production that affect yield and quality. This is especially influenced by the large increase in sunflower prices on world markets in 2021, which will certainly continue in 2022, due to the war in Ukraine and the fact that production in Russia and Ukraine accounts for over 54% of world production. Investments in sunflower production are now becoming more profitable, but on the other hand, the price of all inputs, especially fertilizers, is also growing rapidly. This edition of OCL deals with a wide range of current topics, among which, new discoveries dominate in the field of breeding, cultivation in the conditions of global climate change and the fight against diseases, parasites and pests of sunflower. The basis of any breeding program is genetic resources. The activities of three gene banks, in USA, France and Serbia, are described in detail, supplemented by data from seven other countries (Terzić et al., 2020). Exploitation of heterosis for seed, oil yield and quality it is still in the focus of breeders (Ahmed et al., 2021). In assessment of phenotypic variability among INTA (Argentina) sunflower lines, authors demonstrated the need for more in-depth study of genetic variability to be used as a predictor of heterosis in sunflower (Dominguez et al., 2021). The high yield is ultimate goal but the compact habitus of sunflower plants (erectoid lives) is not a determining factor in the development of productivity of sowings with a high plant density (Bushnev et al., 2021). Researchers are apparently increasingly focusing on the impact of global climate change, especially high temperatures and drought. Authors (Berton at al., 2021) provided untargeted and targeted metabolomic data of sunflower leaves under water deficit. They constitute a valuable resource for the community to study the adaptation of crops to drought and the metabolic bases of heterosis. Innovative cropping systems based on low-input management, organic farming, soil and water conservation practices, intercropping, double-cropping, and/or agroforestry, so as new sunflower ideotyping are being investigated (Debaeke et al., 2021). In some regions of Ukraine, edaphoclimatic factors account for 34 to 58% of the variation
向日葵在世界上的种植面积越来越大(2021年超过2800万公顷，产量超过5000万吨)，因此它在人类和动物营养中的重要性正在增加。因此，人们越来越关注向日葵的种植和加工问题以及影响产量和质量的生产各个方面。这尤其受到2021年世界市场上向日葵价格大幅上涨的影响，由于乌克兰的战争以及俄罗斯和乌克兰的产量占世界产量的54%以上，这种上涨肯定会持续到2022年。向日葵生产的投资现在越来越有利可图，但另一方面，所有投入的价格，特别是化肥的价格也在迅速增长。本版本的OCL涉及广泛的当前主题，其中，在育种领域的新发现占主导地位，在全球气候变化的条件下种植向日葵和防治疾病，寄生虫和害虫。任何育种计划的基础都是遗传资源。本文详细描述了美国、法国和塞尔维亚三个基因库的活动，并辅以其他七个国家的数据(terzizic et al.， 2020)。杂种优势在种子、油脂产量和品质方面的开发仍然是育种者关注的重点(Ahmed et al.， 2021)。在评估INTA(阿根廷)向日葵品系的表型变异性时，作者证明需要对遗传变异性进行更深入的研究，以用作向日葵杂种优势的预测因子(Dominguez等人，2021)。高产是最终目标，但向日葵植株紧凑的生境(直立生活)并不是高密度播种生产力发展的决定性因素(Bushnev et al.， 2021)。研究人员显然越来越关注全球气候变化的影响，尤其是高温和干旱。作者(Berton at al.， 2021)提供了水分亏缺下向日葵叶片的非靶向和靶向代谢组学数据。它们为研究作物对干旱的适应和杂种优势的代谢基础提供了宝贵的资源。目前正在研究基于低投入管理、有机农业、水土保持实践、间作、复作和/或农林业的创新种植制度，从而形成新的向日葵形态(Debaeke等人，2021年)。在乌克兰的一些地区，气候因子占变化的34%至58%
{"title":"Introduction to the Special Issue Sunflower","authors":"V. Miklič","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2022013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2022013","url":null,"abstract":"This is anOpe Sunflowers are grown on an increasing area in the world (over 28 million hectares in 2021, with a production of over 50 million tons (NSA) and its importance in human and animal nutrition is therefore increasing. As a result, more attention is paid to the issue of growing and processing sunflowers and all aspects of production that affect yield and quality. This is especially influenced by the large increase in sunflower prices on world markets in 2021, which will certainly continue in 2022, due to the war in Ukraine and the fact that production in Russia and Ukraine accounts for over 54% of world production. Investments in sunflower production are now becoming more profitable, but on the other hand, the price of all inputs, especially fertilizers, is also growing rapidly. This edition of OCL deals with a wide range of current topics, among which, new discoveries dominate in the field of breeding, cultivation in the conditions of global climate change and the fight against diseases, parasites and pests of sunflower. The basis of any breeding program is genetic resources. The activities of three gene banks, in USA, France and Serbia, are described in detail, supplemented by data from seven other countries (Terzić et al., 2020). Exploitation of heterosis for seed, oil yield and quality it is still in the focus of breeders (Ahmed et al., 2021). In assessment of phenotypic variability among INTA (Argentina) sunflower lines, authors demonstrated the need for more in-depth study of genetic variability to be used as a predictor of heterosis in sunflower (Dominguez et al., 2021). The high yield is ultimate goal but the compact habitus of sunflower plants (erectoid lives) is not a determining factor in the development of productivity of sowings with a high plant density (Bushnev et al., 2021). Researchers are apparently increasingly focusing on the impact of global climate change, especially high temperatures and drought. Authors (Berton at al., 2021) provided untargeted and targeted metabolomic data of sunflower leaves under water deficit. They constitute a valuable resource for the community to study the adaptation of crops to drought and the metabolic bases of heterosis. Innovative cropping systems based on low-input management, organic farming, soil and water conservation practices, intercropping, double-cropping, and/or agroforestry, so as new sunflower ideotyping are being investigated (Debaeke et al., 2021). In some regions of Ukraine, edaphoclimatic factors account for 34 to 58% of the variation","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"153 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86138207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gwendoline Gravé, Z. Mouloungui, M. Cerny, Éric Lacroux, R. Valentin, J. Fabre, O. Merah
Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) is a candidate to be included in European diet due to its seed oil content and composition. Its cultivation in Europe has been assessed in several European countries by introducing genotypes from Latin America. The cultivar Oruro (released by Panam Company, France) was used in this study and cultivated at two locations of southern West of France (Lavaur and Samatan). The aims of this study were to investigate the oil content and composition of chia seeds cultivated in two locations under organic conditions in southern West of France. As expected, location factor affected oil content. Moreover, this factor affected also fatty acid, sterols and tocopherols content and composition. Lavaur presented higher oil content than Samatan. This later location presented higher temperature during grain filling period. Polyunsaturated fatty acids were more represented at Lavaur than at Samatan. Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids showed the opposite trends. Sterols and tocopherols were more accumulated in chia seeds at Lavaur. These results showed that all quality traits of chia seed cultivated in France were affected by climatic conditions prevailing in location of cultivation.
鼠尾草(Salvia hispanica L.)因其种子油含量和成分而被列入欧洲饮食的候选者。几个欧洲国家通过引进拉丁美洲的基因型对其在欧洲的种植进行了评估。本研究选用法国Panam公司发布的Oruro品种，在法国西部南部的两个地点(Lavaur和Samatan)进行栽培。本研究的目的是调查在法国西部南部有机条件下栽培的奇亚籽的含油量和成分。正如预期的那样，位置因素影响了含油量。此外，该因素还影响脂肪酸、甾醇和生育酚的含量和组成。Lavaur的含油量高于Samatan。灌浆期后期温度较高。多不饱和脂肪酸在拉沃尔比在萨马坦更有代表性。饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸表现出相反的趋势。甾醇和生育酚在奇亚籽中积累较多。结果表明，法国栽培奇亚籽的所有品质性状均受栽培地气候条件的影响。
{"title":"Oil content, fatty acid and phytosterol compositions of chia seeds cultivated under organic conditions in France","authors":"Gwendoline Gravé, Z. Mouloungui, M. Cerny, Éric Lacroux, R. Valentin, J. Fabre, O. Merah","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2022026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2022026","url":null,"abstract":"Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) is a candidate to be included in European diet due to its seed oil content and composition. Its cultivation in Europe has been assessed in several European countries by introducing genotypes from Latin America. The cultivar Oruro (released by Panam Company, France) was used in this study and cultivated at two locations of southern West of France (Lavaur and Samatan). The aims of this study were to investigate the oil content and composition of chia seeds cultivated in two locations under organic conditions in southern West of France. As expected, location factor affected oil content. Moreover, this factor affected also fatty acid, sterols and tocopherols content and composition. Lavaur presented higher oil content than Samatan. This later location presented higher temperature during grain filling period. Polyunsaturated fatty acids were more represented at Lavaur than at Samatan. Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids showed the opposite trends. Sterols and tocopherols were more accumulated in chia seeds at Lavaur. These results showed that all quality traits of chia seed cultivated in France were affected by climatic conditions prevailing in location of cultivation.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83097939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Célia Moustiés, Claire Bourlieu-Lacanal, Y. Hemery, B. Baréa, P. Villeneuve, A. Servent, P. Alter, M. Lebrun, A. Laillou, F. Wieringa, S. Avallone
Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) is still a public health issue in many low-income and middle-income countries. Its management has changed with the development of Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Foods (RUTF) that are energy-dense, lipid-based, micronutrient-enriched foods. The purpose of the present study was to define some aspects of the nutritional profile (in particular, lipid content, fatty acids profile, lipophilic vitamin content), oxidative status, and mycotoxin content of three RUTF products (of which two manufactured in Asia and one in Europe), at different time points during their storage. All RUTF displayed good lipid stability, with peroxide values < 10 meqO2/kg lipids, acidity index < 0.6 g/100 g lipids, and very low amounts of secondary oxidation volatile compounds. Only the one produced in Europe complied with the international recommendations on vitamin A and E contents. Lipid content ranged from 28.7 ± 0.5 to 41.2 ± 2.4 g/100 g. Oleic acid, palmitic acid, and linoleic acid (47.2 ± 7.4%, 26.8 ± 2.1%, and 12.4 ± 3.9% of total lipids, respectively) were the main fatty acids. Only one of the samples made in Asia exceeded the regulatory limit of mycotoxins. The RUTF lipid phase was rather stable at ambient temperature from 9 to 12 months, and appropriate packaging may have contributed to a major stability.
{"title":"Nutritional quality of Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Foods: focus on lipid composition and vitamin content","authors":"Célia Moustiés, Claire Bourlieu-Lacanal, Y. Hemery, B. Baréa, P. Villeneuve, A. Servent, P. Alter, M. Lebrun, A. Laillou, F. Wieringa, S. Avallone","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2022007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2022007","url":null,"abstract":"Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) is still a public health issue in many low-income and middle-income countries. Its management has changed with the development of Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Foods (RUTF) that are energy-dense, lipid-based, micronutrient-enriched foods. The purpose of the present study was to define some aspects of the nutritional profile (in particular, lipid content, fatty acids profile, lipophilic vitamin content), oxidative status, and mycotoxin content of three RUTF products (of which two manufactured in Asia and one in Europe), at different time points during their storage. All RUTF displayed good lipid stability, with peroxide values < 10 meqO2/kg lipids, acidity index < 0.6 g/100 g lipids, and very low amounts of secondary oxidation volatile compounds. Only the one produced in Europe complied with the international recommendations on vitamin A and E contents. Lipid content ranged from 28.7 ± 0.5 to 41.2 ± 2.4 g/100 g. Oleic acid, palmitic acid, and linoleic acid (47.2 ± 7.4%, 26.8 ± 2.1%, and 12.4 ± 3.9% of total lipids, respectively) were the main fatty acids. Only one of the samples made in Asia exceeded the regulatory limit of mycotoxins. The RUTF lipid phase was rather stable at ambient temperature from 9 to 12 months, and appropriate packaging may have contributed to a major stability.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74689212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. I. Prayitno, E. N. Dewi, D. Pringgenies, T. H. Brotosudarmo
Cincalok is a typical food from West Kalimantan made from fermented rebon shrimp containing astaxanthin, the most potent antioxidant in nature. This study investigated an efficient method for extracting astaxanthin from the cincalok using vegetable oils as solvents. Olive, sesame, grape seeds, coconut, and virgin coconut oil were used as alternative solvents. The effect of various parameters on extraction yield was also studied. N-hexane and acetone were also used for comparison. Amplitude level and extraction time were the factors investigated concerning extraction yield. Comparative studies between traditional extraction methods and extraction assisted by ultrasonication have also been carried out. The astaxanthin content as total carotenoids in oil extract was analyzed using a UV-vis spectrophotometer with a standard external method. The optimum ultrasound-assisted extraction condition of astaxanthin from cincalok was 40% amplitude for 3 minutes, with 100.62 μg/g of astaxanthin extraction yield when used virgin coconut oil as a solvent. In this way, oils enriched with astaxanthin are produced.
{"title":"Green ultrasound-assisted extraction of astaxanthin from fermented rebon shrimp (cincalok) using vegetable oils as solvents","authors":"D. I. Prayitno, E. N. Dewi, D. Pringgenies, T. H. Brotosudarmo","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2022008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2022008","url":null,"abstract":"Cincalok is a typical food from West Kalimantan made from fermented rebon shrimp containing astaxanthin, the most potent antioxidant in nature. This study investigated an efficient method for extracting astaxanthin from the cincalok using vegetable oils as solvents. Olive, sesame, grape seeds, coconut, and virgin coconut oil were used as alternative solvents. The effect of various parameters on extraction yield was also studied. N-hexane and acetone were also used for comparison. Amplitude level and extraction time were the factors investigated concerning extraction yield. Comparative studies between traditional extraction methods and extraction assisted by ultrasonication have also been carried out. The astaxanthin content as total carotenoids in oil extract was analyzed using a UV-vis spectrophotometer with a standard external method. The optimum ultrasound-assisted extraction condition of astaxanthin from cincalok was 40% amplitude for 3 minutes, with 100.62 μg/g of astaxanthin extraction yield when used virgin coconut oil as a solvent. In this way, oils enriched with astaxanthin are produced.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91114932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jamila Gagour, Samira Oubannin, Hasnae Ait Bouzid, Laila Bijla, Hamza El Moudden, E. Sakar, Jamal Koubachi, A. Laknifli, S. Gharby
This works aimed at investigating shelf-life behavior of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) extracted from two cultivars “Arbequina” and “Moroccan Picholine” as a function of storage time (8 weeks) at accelerated conditions (60 °C). Our outcomes revealed significant variations between EVOOs from both cultivars in terms of the investigated physicochemical characteristics. These were also affected by storage time and temperature except for fatty acids, for which storage time had no significant effects. While the changes in tocopherols showed a drastic reduction ranging from 48.18 (“Moroccan Picholine”) to 62.62% (“Arbequina”). Indeed, the changes of quality indices showed a linear increase. Moreover, “Arbequina” oil was the first to exceed the established upper limits for EVOO label. An increase in oxidation rate was observed with increasing temperature when oils were oxidized at six elevated temperatures (373, 383, 393, 403, 413 and 423 °K) under Rancimat test conditions. The natural logarithms of the kinetic rate constant varied linearly with respect to temperature, with temperature coefficient (TCoeff) ranging from 7.31 × 10−2 in “Arbequina” to 7.51 × 10−2 K−1 found in “Moroccan Picholine”. This had higher oxidative stability and shelf life as compared to “Arbequina”. These outcomes were confirmed by kinetic parameters of oxidative stability including reaction rate constant as well as Arrhenius equation and thermodynamic parameters.
{"title":"Physicochemical characterization, kinetic parameters, shelf life and its prediction models of virgin olive oil from two cultivars (“Arbequina” and “Moroccan Picholine”) grown in Morocco","authors":"Jamila Gagour, Samira Oubannin, Hasnae Ait Bouzid, Laila Bijla, Hamza El Moudden, E. Sakar, Jamal Koubachi, A. Laknifli, S. Gharby","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2022033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2022033","url":null,"abstract":"This works aimed at investigating shelf-life behavior of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) extracted from two cultivars “Arbequina” and “Moroccan Picholine” as a function of storage time (8 weeks) at accelerated conditions (60 °C). Our outcomes revealed significant variations between EVOOs from both cultivars in terms of the investigated physicochemical characteristics. These were also affected by storage time and temperature except for fatty acids, for which storage time had no significant effects. While the changes in tocopherols showed a drastic reduction ranging from 48.18 (“Moroccan Picholine”) to 62.62% (“Arbequina”). Indeed, the changes of quality indices showed a linear increase. Moreover, “Arbequina” oil was the first to exceed the established upper limits for EVOO label. An increase in oxidation rate was observed with increasing temperature when oils were oxidized at six elevated temperatures (373, 383, 393, 403, 413 and 423 °K) under Rancimat test conditions. The natural logarithms of the kinetic rate constant varied linearly with respect to temperature, with temperature coefficient (TCoeff) ranging from 7.31 × 10−2 in “Arbequina” to 7.51 × 10−2 K−1 found in “Moroccan Picholine”. This had higher oxidative stability and shelf life as compared to “Arbequina”. These outcomes were confirmed by kinetic parameters of oxidative stability including reaction rate constant as well as Arrhenius equation and thermodynamic parameters.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80426581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Azizi, Mohammed Dalli, I. Mzabri, A. Berrichi, Nadia Gseyra
The argan tree is an endemic plant of Morocco that plays a great socio-economical and ecological impact in the south of the country. This plant is well known for the oil extracted from the almond, characterized by high nutritional value and its large spectrum of uses. This study aims to evaluate the chemical composition and the physicochemical parameters of fixed oils produced by the argan trees introduced in Oujda City and to compare them with other oils produced by the same trees in their natural biotope in the northeast and southwest of Morocco. The obtained results indicated that the oil yield varies between 57.65% and 47.60%. The investigation of the chemical composition using HPLC-DAD showed the presence of three types of tocopherols: α-tocopherols (9.7%), δ-tocopherols (6.6%), and γ-tocopherols (83.6%), the total content of tocopherols vary between 323.86 and 553.12 mg/kg. While, the methyl esters analysis using GC-MS showed the presence of 4 main fatty acids: oleic acid (55.40–41.14%), linoleic acid (36.92–26.75%), palmitic acid (18.69–9.97%) and stearic acid (12.09–3.68). The physicochemical parameters (the free acidity, the peroxide value, and the specific extinction) indicated that the different tested oils are characterized by a good oil quality according to the Moroccan standard concerning argan oil (NM 08.5.090). The obtained results indicated that the introduced argan in Oujda City showed a quality and a chemical composition that was comparable to that produced in the natural area of the argan tree, which shows the plasticity the plant under different climatic and edaphic conditions. These results emphasize the encouragement of the introduction of this species at a high level in eastern Morocco.
{"title":"Chemical characterization of oils produced by some native and introduced genotypes of argan tree in eastern Morocco using HPLC-DAD/GC-MS, and the evaluation of their physicochemical parameters","authors":"S. Azizi, Mohammed Dalli, I. Mzabri, A. Berrichi, Nadia Gseyra","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2022005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2022005","url":null,"abstract":"The argan tree is an endemic plant of Morocco that plays a great socio-economical and ecological impact in the south of the country. This plant is well known for the oil extracted from the almond, characterized by high nutritional value and its large spectrum of uses. This study aims to evaluate the chemical composition and the physicochemical parameters of fixed oils produced by the argan trees introduced in Oujda City and to compare them with other oils produced by the same trees in their natural biotope in the northeast and southwest of Morocco. The obtained results indicated that the oil yield varies between 57.65% and 47.60%. The investigation of the chemical composition using HPLC-DAD showed the presence of three types of tocopherols: α-tocopherols (9.7%), δ-tocopherols (6.6%), and γ-tocopherols (83.6%), the total content of tocopherols vary between 323.86 and 553.12 mg/kg. While, the methyl esters analysis using GC-MS showed the presence of 4 main fatty acids: oleic acid (55.40–41.14%), linoleic acid (36.92–26.75%), palmitic acid (18.69–9.97%) and stearic acid (12.09–3.68). The physicochemical parameters (the free acidity, the peroxide value, and the specific extinction) indicated that the different tested oils are characterized by a good oil quality according to the Moroccan standard concerning argan oil (NM 08.5.090). The obtained results indicated that the introduced argan in Oujda City showed a quality and a chemical composition that was comparable to that produced in the natural area of the argan tree, which shows the plasticity the plant under different climatic and edaphic conditions. These results emphasize the encouragement of the introduction of this species at a high level in eastern Morocco.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"158 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87962417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Over the past 40 years, confection sunflower in China has achieved significant improvements from old landraces to open-pollinated varieties (OPV) through conventional breeding. Starting in 2010, after a short period of growing U.S. hybrids, superior Chinese proprietary hybrids were developed through contributions from both the private and public sectors utilizing old landraces, OPV and limited foreign germplasms as genetic resources which eventually enabled China to become a leading producer worldwide. The average yields have steadily increased from 1730 kg/ha (OPV) to over 2700 kg/ha (hybrid) largely due to genetic improvements and advanced cultivation practices. The planted area is expected to remain at around 0.60 M ha, with over 95% confection sunflower, and the remaining 5% oilseed type. Sunflower production in China is mainly concentrated in 10 provinces of the northwest region with around three-fourth of the production in Inner Mongolia, followed by Xinjiang. The potential for increased sunflower cultivation remains optimistic in those regions due to the benefit of an established industrial supply chain of producing, processing, and marketing near the production areas. More than half of all products is domestically consumed (∼2.0 M T/year), but overseas exports have gradually increased in recent years. Future directions for confection sunflower breeding should continue emphasizing high quality, multi-disease resistance, and product versatility to meet the diverse market demands. Further enhancement of variety registration and the implementation of DNA fingerprinting for variety identification will help the sustainable development of the Chinese sunflower industry.
在过去的40年里，中国的糖果向日葵通过常规育种，从古老的地方品种向开放授粉品种(OPV)取得了显著的进步。从2010年开始，经过美国杂交品种的短暂种植，通过私营和公共部门的贡献，利用旧的地方品种，OPV和有限的外国种质资源作为遗传资源，开发出了优质的中国专有杂交品种，最终使中国成为世界领先的生产国。平均产量从1730公斤/公顷(单产)稳步增加到2700公斤/公顷(杂交)以上，这主要归功于遗传改良和先进的栽培方法。预计种植面积保持在0.60 M ha左右，其中蜜饯向日葵占95%以上，油籽占5%以上。中国的向日葵生产主要集中在西北地区的10个省份，其中约四分之三的产量在内蒙古，其次是新疆。由于在生产区域附近建立了生产、加工和销售的工业供应链，这些地区增加向日葵种植的潜力仍然乐观。所有产品的一半以上是国内消费(~ 200万吨/年)，但近年来海外出口逐渐增加。未来的糖果向日葵育种方向应继续强调高品质、多抗病性和产品多功能性，以满足多样化的市场需求。进一步加强品种登记和实施DNA指纹技术进行品种鉴定，将有助于中国向日葵产业的可持续发展。
{"title":"Breeding, production, and supply chain of confection sunflower in China","authors":"Jiuhuan Feng, C. Jan, G. Seiler","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2022004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2022004","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past 40 years, confection sunflower in China has achieved significant improvements from old landraces to open-pollinated varieties (OPV) through conventional breeding. Starting in 2010, after a short period of growing U.S. hybrids, superior Chinese proprietary hybrids were developed through contributions from both the private and public sectors utilizing old landraces, OPV and limited foreign germplasms as genetic resources which eventually enabled China to become a leading producer worldwide. The average yields have steadily increased from 1730 kg/ha (OPV) to over 2700 kg/ha (hybrid) largely due to genetic improvements and advanced cultivation practices. The planted area is expected to remain at around 0.60 M ha, with over 95% confection sunflower, and the remaining 5% oilseed type. Sunflower production in China is mainly concentrated in 10 provinces of the northwest region with around three-fourth of the production in Inner Mongolia, followed by Xinjiang. The potential for increased sunflower cultivation remains optimistic in those regions due to the benefit of an established industrial supply chain of producing, processing, and marketing near the production areas. More than half of all products is domestically consumed (∼2.0 M T/year), but overseas exports have gradually increased in recent years. Future directions for confection sunflower breeding should continue emphasizing high quality, multi-disease resistance, and product versatility to meet the diverse market demands. Further enhancement of variety registration and the implementation of DNA fingerprinting for variety identification will help the sustainable development of the Chinese sunflower industry.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83915629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Nasiyev, A. Bushnev, N. Zhanatalapov, A. Bekkaliyev, A. Zhylkybay, T. Vassilina, Vladimir Shibaikin, R. Tuktarov
We carried out the research in 2020–2021 in Western Kazakhstan on medium-loamy dark chestnut soils. The purpose of the research is to identify changes in physico-chemical, biological parameters of soil cover, productivity, and quality of safflower (Carthamus tincforius L.) under the influence of different technologies of agrarian landscape shaping, for rational management of organic agrocenoses. The field experiments showed that in the conditions of Western Kazakhstan, the use of the biologized technology of organic farming increases the yield of safflower in comparison with the traditional technology by 26.66–35.38%, with a high oil content of 30.0–39.95%. The phytoameliorative role of safflower in improving agrophysical, agrochemical, and biological parameters of dark chestnut soils is proved.
{"title":"Initiation of safflower sowings in the organic farming system of Western Kazakhstan","authors":"B. Nasiyev, A. Bushnev, N. Zhanatalapov, A. Bekkaliyev, A. Zhylkybay, T. Vassilina, Vladimir Shibaikin, R. Tuktarov","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2022015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2022015","url":null,"abstract":"We carried out the research in 2020–2021 in Western Kazakhstan on medium-loamy dark chestnut soils. The purpose of the research is to identify changes in physico-chemical, biological parameters of soil cover, productivity, and quality of safflower (Carthamus tincforius L.) under the influence of different technologies of agrarian landscape shaping, for rational management of organic agrocenoses. The field experiments showed that in the conditions of Western Kazakhstan, the use of the biologized technology of organic farming increases the yield of safflower in comparison with the traditional technology by 26.66–35.38%, with a high oil content of 30.0–39.95%. The phytoameliorative role of safflower in improving agrophysical, agrochemical, and biological parameters of dark chestnut soils is proved.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"2013 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86302590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article follows on from two articles published in 2014 and 2018 on the same trial conducted in an oil palm plantation in Nigeria which was aimed at assessing a range of different planting distances between oil palms (7.5 to 9.5 m) in an equilateral triangle design. The climate in the region is very stable, with two seasons and an average 2000 mm of rainfall per year. The soil is of the desaturated ferralitic type, sandy on the surface, deep, and without coarse elements. After continually monitoring the experimental palms for 16 years, there is now enough hindsight to propose an optimum planting density for oil palms in Western Africa. A plateau has been reached at between 143 and 160 palms per hectare for Pobè C1001F material in the aforementioned pedoclimatic context.
{"title":"Experimental determination of the optimum oil palm planting density in Western Africa","authors":"X. Bonneau, Reinout Impens","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2022019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2022019","url":null,"abstract":"This article follows on from two articles published in 2014 and 2018 on the same trial conducted in an oil palm plantation in Nigeria which was aimed at assessing a range of different planting distances between oil palms (7.5 to 9.5 m) in an equilateral triangle design. The climate in the region is very stable, with two seasons and an average 2000 mm of rainfall per year. The soil is of the desaturated ferralitic type, sandy on the surface, deep, and without coarse elements. After continually monitoring the experimental palms for 16 years, there is now enough hindsight to propose an optimum planting density for oil palms in Western Africa. A plateau has been reached at between 143 and 160 palms per hectare for Pobè C1001F material in the aforementioned pedoclimatic context.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78183455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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