Fatima-Ezzahra Eddaoudi, Hamza El Moudden, Chakir El Guezzane, Mohammed Saber, H. Harhar, M. Tabyaoui
In this study, Asphodelus tenuifolius (ATO) seeds oils were extracted by three different extraction methods, namely Soxhlet extraction (SE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE). The physicochemical properties, fatty acids, sterols, tocols, total phenol content and antioxidant activity of ATO seed were examined and compared. The best extraction yield was from SE (21.97 ± 0.01%), followed by MAE (19.28 ± 0.13%) while that of UAE was the lowest (16.5 ± 0.1%). Analysis of the chemical composition of these oils showed that linoleic acid and β-sitosterol were the main fatty acid and sterol compounds, respectively. A large amount of fatty acids and sterols were not significantly affected by the three extraction methods. Nevertheless, the tocols, the total phenols contents and the antioxidant power showed a variation between these three extracted oils. Based on these results, it was found that this specie has great potential for industrial use.
{"title":"Effect of extraction process on quality of oil from Asphodelus tenuifolius seeds","authors":"Fatima-Ezzahra Eddaoudi, Hamza El Moudden, Chakir El Guezzane, Mohammed Saber, H. Harhar, M. Tabyaoui","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2023020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2023020","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, Asphodelus tenuifolius (ATO) seeds oils were extracted by three different extraction methods, namely Soxhlet extraction (SE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE). The physicochemical properties, fatty acids, sterols, tocols, total phenol content and antioxidant activity of ATO seed were examined and compared. The best extraction yield was from SE (21.97 ± 0.01%), followed by MAE (19.28 ± 0.13%) while that of UAE was the lowest (16.5 ± 0.1%). Analysis of the chemical composition of these oils showed that linoleic acid and β-sitosterol were the main fatty acid and sterol compounds, respectively. A large amount of fatty acids and sterols were not significantly affected by the three extraction methods. Nevertheless, the tocols, the total phenols contents and the antioxidant power showed a variation between these three extracted oils. Based on these results, it was found that this specie has great potential for industrial use.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76568713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oleosomes have emerged in the last decade as a multipurpose oil-in-water emulsion suitable for engineering new lipids materials. The need to increase alternative and sustainable methods to modulate the rheological properties of emulsions has been the leading research interest in the oleogelation field. Soybean oleosomes are evaluated as building blocks for creating oleogels in combination with sodium alginate or ι-carrageenan as the structuring elements. Polymer bridging provides a route to produce compact soft, malleable gels by exploiting attractive electrostatic interactions between negatively charged polysaccharides and oleosome surfaces. We investigated the viscoelastic properties of concentrated polymer bridged gels by oscillatory rheological measurements. The rheological characteristics are governed predominantly by the type of polysaccharide and by the ratio between polysaccharide and oleosome content. One yielding step at low strains indicates the breaking of polysaccharide bridging bonds and was visible in all samples. A two-step yielding process, where the second step corresponds to the cage-breaking process, was present at polysaccharide/oleosome ratios where optimum bridging occurs for alginate and carrageenan, 0.005 g/g, 0.01 g/g, respectively. Nonetheless, the bumps corresponding to the second yielding point were more prominent in alginate gels than in carrageenan gels due to the greater bridging ability of alginate. Identifying these rheological hallmarks could provide new ideas towards the improved design of plant-based fatty food products, e.g., cream cheeses and vegan sausages surrogates.
{"title":"Soybean oleosome-based oleogels via polymer-bridging based structuring. Mechanical properties at large deformations","authors":"Juan Carlos Zambrano Solorzano, T. Vilgis","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2023004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2023004","url":null,"abstract":"Oleosomes have emerged in the last decade as a multipurpose oil-in-water emulsion suitable for engineering new lipids materials. The need to increase alternative and sustainable methods to modulate the rheological properties of emulsions has been the leading research interest in the oleogelation field. Soybean oleosomes are evaluated as building blocks for creating oleogels in combination with sodium alginate or ι-carrageenan as the structuring elements. Polymer bridging provides a route to produce compact soft, malleable gels by exploiting attractive electrostatic interactions between negatively charged polysaccharides and oleosome surfaces. We investigated the viscoelastic properties of concentrated polymer bridged gels by oscillatory rheological measurements. The rheological characteristics are governed predominantly by the type of polysaccharide and by the ratio between polysaccharide and oleosome content. One yielding step at low strains indicates the breaking of polysaccharide bridging bonds and was visible in all samples. A two-step yielding process, where the second step corresponds to the cage-breaking process, was present at polysaccharide/oleosome ratios where optimum bridging occurs for alginate and carrageenan, 0.005 g/g, 0.01 g/g, respectively. Nonetheless, the bumps corresponding to the second yielding point were more prominent in alginate gels than in carrageenan gels due to the greater bridging ability of alginate. Identifying these rheological hallmarks could provide new ideas towards the improved design of plant-based fatty food products, e.g., cream cheeses and vegan sausages surrogates.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76056459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This is anOpe Société Française pour l’Étude des Lipides (SFEL) celebrates its 80th anniversary this year 2023. Its current legal form dates from September 8, 2011 according to the statutes signed by Anne LE GUILLOU its then President and Alain RANCUREL its Treasurer. Its current purpose is to “bring together specialists in the production, processing and use of oils, fats and derivatives in order to promote the acquisition and extension of knowledge in these branches of industry, to establish and maintain friendly relations between the members of the association”. It also aims to award the Chevreul Medal created in 1963 in memory of the creator of fat chemistry who lived and worked for many years in this magnificent place where we are currently the Verniquet amphitheater ofMuséum national d’Histoire naturelle in Paris. It was also in 2011 that SFEL joined 66 rue La Boétie in Paris in the premises of the Fédération Nationale des Industries des Corps Gras (FNCG). From 2011 to date, the following people have been involved in the life of the association: – As Presidents: Philippe GUESNET since 2021, Frédéric FINE (2019–2020), Michel LINDER (2017–2018), Fabrice TURON (2015–2016), Pierre VILLENEUVE (2012–2014) and Anne LE GUILLOU (2009–2012); – As General Secretary: Claire BERTON-CARABIN currently and since 2019, Claire BOURLIEU-LACANAL (2016–2018), Elmira ARAB-TEHRANY (2017), Michel LINDER (2015–2016), Anne LEGUILLOU (2013–2014), and Jean-Claude ICART (2008–2012); – As Treasurer: Bernadette DELPLANQUE (2019–2023) linchpin of the current Chevreul days with Philippe GUESNET (2017–2018), and Alain RANCUREL (2003–2016) true memory of our association. All in all, a happy collaboration of researchers, academics, teachers, business executives, technical and interprofessional centers in the lipids and fats sector. The highlight of this period 2011–2023 was undoubtedly the 2017 Congress of Nancy “Lipids & Brain, Lipids in Alzheimer disease” organized by the team of Michel LINDER of the University of Lorraine on a theme of great scientific and practical interest, with a public conference given by Stephan CUNNANE Chevreul Medalist 2017 in the sumptuous and prestigious setting of the major salons of the City Hall of Nancy overlooking Place Stanislas. Also “Lipids & Brain” 2015, 2011, 2007 in Paris organized by the respective teams with the Chevreul Medals attributed to Michael CRAWFORD (2015), Nicolas BAZAN (2011) and Stanley RAPOPORT (2007). Before 2011 and since 1973, the name of SFEL was Association Française pour l’Étude des Corps Gras (AFECG). Its purpose was to bring together specialists in the study and manufacture of fats and derivatives, with a view to promoting knowledge of scientific or technical problems of general interest in these branches of industry, and to establish and maintain all friendly relations between members. It can therefore be seen that at the time the object was focused on the industrial sector since its origin, it was only in 2011 th
这是在2023年庆祝其成立80周年的法国脂肪社会组织(SFEL)。根据其当时的总裁Anne LE GUILLOU和财务主管Alain RANCUREL签署的法规，其目前的法律形式始于2011年9月8日。协会目前的目的是“将油、脂肪及其衍生物的生产、加工和使用方面的专家聚集在一起，以促进这些行业分支知识的获取和扩展，并在协会成员之间建立和保持友好关系”。它还旨在授予1963年为纪念脂肪化学的创造者而设立的Chevreul奖章，他在这个宏伟的地方生活和工作了多年，我们现在在巴黎的mus national d 'Histoire naturrelle的Verniquet圆形剧场。也是在2011年，SFEL加入了巴黎La bosamtie街66号，位于法国全国农业兵团工业联合会(FNCG)的办公场所。从2011年至今，以下人员参与了协会的生活:-担任主席:Philippe GUESNET(2021年起)，fracimd FINE(2019-2020年)，Michel LINDER(2017-2018年)，Fabrice TURON(2015-2016年)，Pierre VILLENEUVE(2012-2014年)和Anne LE GUILLOU(2009-2012年);-现任及自2019年起担任秘书长:克莱尔·伯顿-卡拉宾、克莱尔·布尔利-拉卡纳尔(2016-2018)、埃尔米拉·阿拉伯-德黑兰尼(2017)、米歇尔·林德(2015-2016)、安妮·勒吉卢(2013-2014)、让-克洛德·伊卡特(2008-2012);-担任财务主管:Bernadette DELPLANQUE(2019-2023)与Philippe GUESNET(2017-2018)和Alain RANCUREL(2003-2016)共同担任当前Chevreul时代的关键人物。总而言之，脂质和脂肪领域的研究人员、学者、教师、企业高管、技术和跨专业中心的愉快合作。2011-2023年期间的亮点无疑是由洛林大学的Michel LINDER团队组织的2017年Nancy“脂质与大脑，阿尔茨海默病中的脂质”大会，该会议的主题是重大的科学和实践兴趣，由Stephan CUNNANE Chevreul Medalist 2017在Nancy市政厅豪华而享有声望的主要沙龙中俯瞰Stanislas广场。此外，2015年、2011年、2007年在巴黎举办的“脂质与大脑”也分别由Michael CRAWFORD(2015年)、Nicolas BAZAN(2011年)和Stanley RAPOPORT(2007年)的团队组织。在2011年之前和1973年以来，SFEL的名称是法国鹅兵团协会(AFECG)。其目的是将研究和制造脂肪及其衍生物的专家聚集在一起，以促进对这些工业部门普遍感兴趣的科学或技术问题的了解，并在成员之间建立和维持一切友好关系。因此可以看出，当该对象从起源开始就专注于工业部门时，直到2011年，生产领域才被明确地整合到该对象中。AFECG在Neuilly Achille Peretti大道118号举行，由法国全国农业兵团工业联合会(FNCG)主办。这一时期的历任校长依次为:-雅克·苏利尔(1991-1992)佩皮尼昂大学;- franois LOURY(1993-1994)嘉吉公司;-弗朗索瓦·莫雷特(1995-1997年)法国陆军研究所;- Georges VERMEERSCH (1997-1998);- Michel PARMENTIER(1999-2000)洛林大学;- Jean-Luc PERRIN (2001-2002);- andre POUZET (2003-2005) CETIOM(后更名为Terres Inovia);- Alain HUERTAS (2005-2007) LESIEUR;- Bernadette DELPLANQUE (2008-2009);- Anne LE GUILLOU(2009-2012)达能;在1990年至2011年期间，其他动画师的忠诚是要强调的:-保罗·波特，1989年至1998年，阿斯特拉·卡尔维特总书记;- Jean-Claude BARRUET, 1999年至2007年任秘书长;- 2008年至2012年任OCL秘书长Jean-Claude ICART;
{"title":"From fats to lipids: 80 years of shared knowledge \u0000AFECG-SFEL (1943–2023)","authors":"É. Choné","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2023010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2023010","url":null,"abstract":"This is anOpe Société Française pour l’Étude des Lipides (SFEL) celebrates its 80th anniversary this year 2023. Its current legal form dates from September 8, 2011 according to the statutes signed by Anne LE GUILLOU its then President and Alain RANCUREL its Treasurer. Its current purpose is to “bring together specialists in the production, processing and use of oils, fats and derivatives in order to promote the acquisition and extension of knowledge in these branches of industry, to establish and maintain friendly relations between the members of the association”. It also aims to award the Chevreul Medal created in 1963 in memory of the creator of fat chemistry who lived and worked for many years in this magnificent place where we are currently the Verniquet amphitheater ofMuséum national d’Histoire naturelle in Paris. It was also in 2011 that SFEL joined 66 rue La Boétie in Paris in the premises of the Fédération Nationale des Industries des Corps Gras (FNCG). From 2011 to date, the following people have been involved in the life of the association: – As Presidents: Philippe GUESNET since 2021, Frédéric FINE (2019–2020), Michel LINDER (2017–2018), Fabrice TURON (2015–2016), Pierre VILLENEUVE (2012–2014) and Anne LE GUILLOU (2009–2012); – As General Secretary: Claire BERTON-CARABIN currently and since 2019, Claire BOURLIEU-LACANAL (2016–2018), Elmira ARAB-TEHRANY (2017), Michel LINDER (2015–2016), Anne LEGUILLOU (2013–2014), and Jean-Claude ICART (2008–2012); – As Treasurer: Bernadette DELPLANQUE (2019–2023) linchpin of the current Chevreul days with Philippe GUESNET (2017–2018), and Alain RANCUREL (2003–2016) true memory of our association. All in all, a happy collaboration of researchers, academics, teachers, business executives, technical and interprofessional centers in the lipids and fats sector. The highlight of this period 2011–2023 was undoubtedly the 2017 Congress of Nancy “Lipids & Brain, Lipids in Alzheimer disease” organized by the team of Michel LINDER of the University of Lorraine on a theme of great scientific and practical interest, with a public conference given by Stephan CUNNANE Chevreul Medalist 2017 in the sumptuous and prestigious setting of the major salons of the City Hall of Nancy overlooking Place Stanislas. Also “Lipids & Brain” 2015, 2011, 2007 in Paris organized by the respective teams with the Chevreul Medals attributed to Michael CRAWFORD (2015), Nicolas BAZAN (2011) and Stanley RAPOPORT (2007). Before 2011 and since 1973, the name of SFEL was Association Française pour l’Étude des Corps Gras (AFECG). Its purpose was to bring together specialists in the study and manufacture of fats and derivatives, with a view to promoting knowledge of scientific or technical problems of general interest in these branches of industry, and to establish and maintain all friendly relations between members. It can therefore be seen that at the time the object was focused on the industrial sector since its origin, it was only in 2011 th","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83391372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dwi Fitriani, W. Rahmalia, P. Ardiningsih, T. Usman, S. Nurbaeti, D. I. Prayitno
Astaxanthin is an antioxidant that can be extracted from crustaceans such as shrimp, lobster, crawfish, and crabs. Fermented Acetes shrimp (called cincalok) is a traditional side dish from Indonesia rich in astaxanthin. This study extracted astaxanthin from cincalok using the glass beads vortex method with virgin coconut oil (VCO) as a green solvent. Several parameters that affect the amount of astaxanthin extracted, such as the ratio between sample and solvent, contact time, and particle size of glass beads, have been tested. The physicochemical characteristics of VCO before and after extraction were also analyzed. The UV-Vis spectrophotometer analysis results showed that the optimum ratio between sample and solvent was 1:10 g/mL, the optimum contact time was 15 minutes, and the optimum particle size of the glass beads was 60–80 mesh. Under these optimum conditions, the amount of astaxanthin extracted was 27.97 μg/g dry weight of cincalok or 2.79 μg/mL VCO. After extraction, the viscosity and density of VCO still meet the Indonesian National Standard with values of 17.98 mm2/s and 917.2 kg/m3, respectively. Before and after extraction, the GC-MS chromatogram shows the main component of fatty acids in VCO is lauric acid, with a percentage of 27.28 and 26.72%, respectively. VCO can also extract omega-3 fatty acids DHA and EPA from cincalok with the same rate of 0.04%.
{"title":"Extraction of astaxanthin from fermented Acetes using virgin coconut oil with the glass beads vortex method","authors":"Dwi Fitriani, W. Rahmalia, P. Ardiningsih, T. Usman, S. Nurbaeti, D. I. Prayitno","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2023002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2023002","url":null,"abstract":"Astaxanthin is an antioxidant that can be extracted from crustaceans such as shrimp, lobster, crawfish, and crabs. Fermented Acetes shrimp (called cincalok) is a traditional side dish from Indonesia rich in astaxanthin. This study extracted astaxanthin from cincalok using the glass beads vortex method with virgin coconut oil (VCO) as a green solvent. Several parameters that affect the amount of astaxanthin extracted, such as the ratio between sample and solvent, contact time, and particle size of glass beads, have been tested. The physicochemical characteristics of VCO before and after extraction were also analyzed. The UV-Vis spectrophotometer analysis results showed that the optimum ratio between sample and solvent was 1:10 g/mL, the optimum contact time was 15 minutes, and the optimum particle size of the glass beads was 60–80 mesh. Under these optimum conditions, the amount of astaxanthin extracted was 27.97 μg/g dry weight of cincalok or 2.79 μg/mL VCO. After extraction, the viscosity and density of VCO still meet the Indonesian National Standard with values of 17.98 mm2/s and 917.2 kg/m3, respectively. Before and after extraction, the GC-MS chromatogram shows the main component of fatty acids in VCO is lauric acid, with a percentage of 27.28 and 26.72%, respectively. VCO can also extract omega-3 fatty acids DHA and EPA from cincalok with the same rate of 0.04%.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87364748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sepideh Jalilian, H. Madani, M. Vafaie-Tabar, N. Sajedi
Choosing suitable varieties and manipulating plant population are crucial management aspects in any cropping system that goals to improve yield, quality and the balance between plant demand and environmental resource availability. A two-year field experiment was conducted at Tehran, Iran, in a split plot design and replicated thrice to examine the effect of the planting density (low, moderate and high) on ten cotton genotypes. In term of lint yield and among the cotton genotypes G8 (1269 kg · ha−1), G4 (1263 kg · ha−1), G1 (1239 kg · ha−1) and G2 (1123 kg · ha−1) were statistically at par with each other but significantly superior to G7 (914 kg · ha−1) and G9 (936 kg · ha−1). Lint yield in high plant density (1386 kg · ha−1) was found to be remarkably superior over medium and low plant density (1029 and 890 kg · ha−1, respectively) by average of 25.7% and 35.7%, respectively. Cotton genotypes at low plant density had higher boll plant−1 (6.46% and 15.3%, respectively), lint percentage (5.8% and 12%, respectively) and lint strength (0.6% and 1.9%, respectively) compared to moderate and high plant densities. The genotypes cultivated at high plant density produced higher seed and lint yield, higher lint elasticity and lower seed oil content, lint length and lint quality index. Based on this experiment, it is concluded that high seed cotton yield can be achieved at high plant density while higher lint quality can be yielded at low plant density.
{"title":"Plant density influences yield, yield components, lint quality and seed oil content of cotton genotypes","authors":"Sepideh Jalilian, H. Madani, M. Vafaie-Tabar, N. Sajedi","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2023013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2023013","url":null,"abstract":"Choosing suitable varieties and manipulating plant population are crucial management aspects in any cropping system that goals to improve yield, quality and the balance between plant demand and environmental resource availability. A two-year field experiment was conducted at Tehran, Iran, in a split plot design and replicated thrice to examine the effect of the planting density (low, moderate and high) on ten cotton genotypes. In term of lint yield and among the cotton genotypes G8 (1269 kg · ha−1), G4 (1263 kg · ha−1), G1 (1239 kg · ha−1) and G2 (1123 kg · ha−1) were statistically at par with each other but significantly superior to G7 (914 kg · ha−1) and G9 (936 kg · ha−1). Lint yield in high plant density (1386 kg · ha−1) was found to be remarkably superior over medium and low plant density (1029 and 890 kg · ha−1, respectively) by average of 25.7% and 35.7%, respectively. Cotton genotypes at low plant density had higher boll plant−1 (6.46% and 15.3%, respectively), lint percentage (5.8% and 12%, respectively) and lint strength (0.6% and 1.9%, respectively) compared to moderate and high plant densities. The genotypes cultivated at high plant density produced higher seed and lint yield, higher lint elasticity and lower seed oil content, lint length and lint quality index. Based on this experiment, it is concluded that high seed cotton yield can be achieved at high plant density while higher lint quality can be yielded at low plant density.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"124 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86903799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
India has been one of the largest producers of oilseeds in the world. Correspondingly, the oilseed sector occupies an important position in the agricultural economy of the country. Oilseeds, especially edible oilseeds, have been an integral part of the cropping system in India till the beginning of monoculture triggered by the implementation of a new agriculture strategy since 1960s. This paper evaluates the cropping pattern of oilseed diversity in the Thar Desert of Rajasthan at district level. This paper also highlights the development programmes launched by state and central governments to promote oilseeds production in dry region of the state. Many statistical techniques are used, for instance, Herfindahl Index, Entropy Index, and Composite Entropy Index, to examine the diversification and specialization in oilseeds.
{"title":"Changing cropping pattern of oilseed crops and its diversification: The case of Thar Desert, Rajasthan (1985–1986 to 2015–2016)","authors":"Shivjeet Kaur, Jasvir Singh","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2023017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2023017","url":null,"abstract":"India has been one of the largest producers of oilseeds in the world. Correspondingly, the oilseed sector occupies an important position in the agricultural economy of the country. Oilseeds, especially edible oilseeds, have been an integral part of the cropping system in India till the beginning of monoculture triggered by the implementation of a new agriculture strategy since 1960s. This paper evaluates the cropping pattern of oilseed diversity in the Thar Desert of Rajasthan at district level. This paper also highlights the development programmes launched by state and central governments to promote oilseeds production in dry region of the state. Many statistical techniques are used, for instance, Herfindahl Index, Entropy Index, and Composite Entropy Index, to examine the diversification and specialization in oilseeds.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90685463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karim Houmanat, A. Nabloussi, Yousra Rhazlaoui, H. Bahri, Mohamed El Fechtali, Jamal Charafi
Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) crop can be a lever for the development of oilseed sector in Morocco due to its adaptation to local conditions and its major economic and food importance. Genetic diversity and selection of valuable crossing parents are the key to successful breeding and improvement of this crop. In this regard, genetic variation within the existing germplasm must be explored and characterized. Therefore, the present study was carried out to investigate the genetic diversity among 22 varieties from Morocco as well as other origins, using twenty ISSR primers. The selected primers have generated a total of 319 markers. Polymorphic amplified bands varied from 8 to18, with an average of 13 per primer. The diversity index (PIC value) ranged from 0.295 to 0.509, with a mean value of 0.37 per primer, indicating a good genetic diversity level for the primers used. The average similarity coefficient was 0.31, fluctuating between 0.176 and 0.456, and the pairwise comparison of the studied varieties showed a great discriminating power of primers and a large genetic diversity among accessions. A total of eight ISSR primers could be identified as key to rapeseed varietal determination. Hierarchical classification allowed identifying three groups with some phylogeographic structuring. This is the first report of molecular characterization of rapeseed germplasm in Morocco and Africa. The obtained results have important implications for management of this germplasm to conserve the existing genetic diversity and use it properly in breeding programs in Morocco as well as in other Mediterranean and African countries.
{"title":"Genetic relationship and diversity among some Moroccan and introduced rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) varieties as revealed by molecular markers","authors":"Karim Houmanat, A. Nabloussi, Yousra Rhazlaoui, H. Bahri, Mohamed El Fechtali, Jamal Charafi","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2023019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2023019","url":null,"abstract":"Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) crop can be a lever for the development of oilseed sector in Morocco due to its adaptation to local conditions and its major economic and food importance. Genetic diversity and selection of valuable crossing parents are the key to successful breeding and improvement of this crop. In this regard, genetic variation within the existing germplasm must be explored and characterized. Therefore, the present study was carried out to investigate the genetic diversity among 22 varieties from Morocco as well as other origins, using twenty ISSR primers. The selected primers have generated a total of 319 markers. Polymorphic amplified bands varied from 8 to18, with an average of 13 per primer. The diversity index (PIC value) ranged from 0.295 to 0.509, with a mean value of 0.37 per primer, indicating a good genetic diversity level for the primers used. The average similarity coefficient was 0.31, fluctuating between 0.176 and 0.456, and the pairwise comparison of the studied varieties showed a great discriminating power of primers and a large genetic diversity among accessions. A total of eight ISSR primers could be identified as key to rapeseed varietal determination. Hierarchical classification allowed identifying three groups with some phylogeographic structuring. This is the first report of molecular characterization of rapeseed germplasm in Morocco and Africa. The obtained results have important implications for management of this germplasm to conserve the existing genetic diversity and use it properly in breeding programs in Morocco as well as in other Mediterranean and African countries.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80068645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Y. Sido, M. Chernet, W. Ayele, Tamirat Sinore, Bereketab Tagesse
Camelina (Camelina sativa L.) is an industrial crop, which has been cultivated for centuries as an oilseed crop for human food, however, the production and its importance were not well known in Ethiopia. The current research was conducted to identify potential agroecology and rate of NP (nitrogen and phosphorous) fertilizer for the high yield production of camelina crop. Two major agroecological zones, namely highland (moist dega) and midland (moist weyna-dega) agroecologies, were tested. The experiments in both agroecology were conducted in RCBD design with similar treatments. The treatments were (T1 = 0 kg N ha−1, 0 kg P ha−1), (T2 = 30 kg N ha−1, 10 kg P ha−1), (T3 = 60 kg N ha−1, 20 kg P ha−1), (T4 = 90 kg N ha−1, 30 kg P ha−1), (T5 = 120 kg N ha−1, 40 kg P ha−1) and (T6 = 150 kg N ha−1, 50 kg P ha−1). Significant (P < 0.05) differences were observed among the fertilizer treatments. Accordingly, in highland, the highest seed weight (8.37 g plant−1) and grain yield (1814.54 kg ha−1) were recorded from T5, while in midland, the highest seed weight (3.89 g plant−1) and grain yield (843.97 kg ha−1) were recorded from T6. The highest aboveground biomass (32.08, 18.49 g plant−1) and plant height (102.34, 86.33 cm) were recorded from T6 in highland and midland agroecology, respectively. According to the Pearson’s correlation analysis, significant (P < 0.001) positive correlation was observed between the plant height, seed weight, aboveground biomass and grain yield. In general, highland agroecology showed 115%, 18.53%, 114.95% and 73.53% increase in grain yield, plant height, seed weight, and aboveground biomass, respectively as compared to midland agroecology.
{"title":"Response of oil producing camelina (Camelina sativa L.) crop to different agroecology and rate of NP fertilization","authors":"M. Y. Sido, M. Chernet, W. Ayele, Tamirat Sinore, Bereketab Tagesse","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2023001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2023001","url":null,"abstract":"Camelina (Camelina sativa L.) is an industrial crop, which has been cultivated for centuries as an oilseed crop for human food, however, the production and its importance were not well known in Ethiopia. The current research was conducted to identify potential agroecology and rate of NP (nitrogen and phosphorous) fertilizer for the high yield production of camelina crop. Two major agroecological zones, namely highland (moist dega) and midland (moist weyna-dega) agroecologies, were tested. The experiments in both agroecology were conducted in RCBD design with similar treatments. The treatments were (T1 = 0 kg N ha−1, 0 kg P ha−1), (T2 = 30 kg N ha−1, 10 kg P ha−1), (T3 = 60 kg N ha−1, 20 kg P ha−1), (T4 = 90 kg N ha−1, 30 kg P ha−1), (T5 = 120 kg N ha−1, 40 kg P ha−1) and (T6 = 150 kg N ha−1, 50 kg P ha−1). Significant (P < 0.05) differences were observed among the fertilizer treatments. Accordingly, in highland, the highest seed weight (8.37 g plant−1) and grain yield (1814.54 kg ha−1) were recorded from T5, while in midland, the highest seed weight (3.89 g plant−1) and grain yield (843.97 kg ha−1) were recorded from T6. The highest aboveground biomass (32.08, 18.49 g plant−1) and plant height (102.34, 86.33 cm) were recorded from T6 in highland and midland agroecology, respectively. According to the Pearson’s correlation analysis, significant (P < 0.001) positive correlation was observed between the plant height, seed weight, aboveground biomass and grain yield. In general, highland agroecology showed 115%, 18.53%, 114.95% and 73.53% increase in grain yield, plant height, seed weight, and aboveground biomass, respectively as compared to midland agroecology.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79364380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aims of this study were to cold-press mahaleb seed, and then fully characterize the oil to extent its food and functional food applications. The novelty of this study relies upon the first data provided by the thermal analysis, sensory analysis, and volatile aroma compounds composition. The seeds were pressed with a screw-type single-head press with a maximum oil exit temperature of 40 °C. Most common physico-chemical properties, composition analyses, volatile aroma compounds profile, sensory descriptive analysis and consumer tests were completed. The main properties were appropriate and the composition (fatty acids, phytosterols and tocopherols) data concurred with the available literature. Thermal data were provided, and the oil peak crystallization and melting temperatures were −44.45 °C and −8.41 °C, respectively. There were 38 volatile aroma compounds quantified mostly with almond, green, vanillin, woody, and fermented aroma definitions. The panel described the oil with 5 sensory descriptive (almond, vanillin, dough, green, cooling) terms. Consumers liked appearance the most (4.49) with a general acceptance score of 3.70 on a 5-point hedonic scale. Overall, the mahaleb seed oil is a conjugated linolenic, oleic and linoleic fatty acids, β-sitosterol and γ-tocopherol rich, very aromatic, and consumer-liked sample. Further studies with various food applications are foreseen.
{"title":"Evaluation of the sensory properties, volatile aroma compounds and functional food potentials of cold-press produced mahaleb (Prunus mahaleb L.) seed oil","authors":"E. Yılmaz, Burak Karatas","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2023018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2023018","url":null,"abstract":"The aims of this study were to cold-press mahaleb seed, and then fully characterize the oil to extent its food and functional food applications. The novelty of this study relies upon the first data provided by the thermal analysis, sensory analysis, and volatile aroma compounds composition. The seeds were pressed with a screw-type single-head press with a maximum oil exit temperature of 40 °C. Most common physico-chemical properties, composition analyses, volatile aroma compounds profile, sensory descriptive analysis and consumer tests were completed. The main properties were appropriate and the composition (fatty acids, phytosterols and tocopherols) data concurred with the available literature. Thermal data were provided, and the oil peak crystallization and melting temperatures were −44.45 °C and −8.41 °C, respectively. There were 38 volatile aroma compounds quantified mostly with almond, green, vanillin, woody, and fermented aroma definitions. The panel described the oil with 5 sensory descriptive (almond, vanillin, dough, green, cooling) terms. Consumers liked appearance the most (4.49) with a general acceptance score of 3.70 on a 5-point hedonic scale. Overall, the mahaleb seed oil is a conjugated linolenic, oleic and linoleic fatty acids, β-sitosterol and γ-tocopherol rich, very aromatic, and consumer-liked sample. Further studies with various food applications are foreseen.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73574708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objectives of the current study were to determine the usefulness of sequential path analysis in camelina to obtain information about the relationship between yield and yield components and to evaluate their relative importance in camelina oil yield under summer and winter cultivation. A split-plot design, with two varieties as the main plot and four sowing times as the subplot, was carried out over two growing seasons (2017–2019) in Samsun, Turkey. Sequential path analysis revealed that, as first-order predictors, grain yield and oil content displayed the most significant and positive direct effects on oil yield in both summer and winter cultivation. The sequential path analysis of second-order variables over the first-order variable revealed that seed number per pod and pod number explained approximately 90% of the variation of the grain yield in summer cultivation and branch number explained approximately 67% of the variation grain yield in winter cultivation. These results indicated that grain yield, as a main predictor of oil yield, had different pathways to affect oil yield in the summer and winter seasons. A higher magnitude of seed number per pod compared to pod number in this study indicated that selecting for higher grain yield can be done indirectly using plants with lower pod number and higher seed number per pod in the summer season. Moreover, branch number was the only trait that had a direct negative effect on grain yield in the winter season, indicating that plants with lower branch number should be selected for higher grain yield. Different environmental factors, including the seasonal cultivation of camelina in this study, were found to be a key factor in improving oil yield and, hence, should be considered as criteria indices in camelina breeding programs in the future.
{"title":"Correlation and sequential path analysis of oil yield and related characteristics in camelina under seasonal variations","authors":"M. Göre, H. Zeinalzadeh-Tabrizi, O. Kurt","doi":"10.1051/ocl/2022035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2022035","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of the current study were to determine the usefulness of sequential path analysis in camelina to obtain information about the relationship between yield and yield components and to evaluate their relative importance in camelina oil yield under summer and winter cultivation. A split-plot design, with two varieties as the main plot and four sowing times as the subplot, was carried out over two growing seasons (2017–2019) in Samsun, Turkey. Sequential path analysis revealed that, as first-order predictors, grain yield and oil content displayed the most significant and positive direct effects on oil yield in both summer and winter cultivation. The sequential path analysis of second-order variables over the first-order variable revealed that seed number per pod and pod number explained approximately 90% of the variation of the grain yield in summer cultivation and branch number explained approximately 67% of the variation grain yield in winter cultivation. These results indicated that grain yield, as a main predictor of oil yield, had different pathways to affect oil yield in the summer and winter seasons. A higher magnitude of seed number per pod compared to pod number in this study indicated that selecting for higher grain yield can be done indirectly using plants with lower pod number and higher seed number per pod in the summer season. Moreover, branch number was the only trait that had a direct negative effect on grain yield in the winter season, indicating that plants with lower branch number should be selected for higher grain yield. Different environmental factors, including the seasonal cultivation of camelina in this study, were found to be a key factor in improving oil yield and, hence, should be considered as criteria indices in camelina breeding programs in the future.","PeriodicalId":19440,"journal":{"name":"OCL","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89767400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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