Abdelkrim, Abourriche, Mina, Oumam, Said, Mansouri, M. Mouiya, Y. Rakcho, A. Benhammou, Y. Abouliatim, Jones Alami, H. Hannache
. In the present work, Moroccon Tarfaya oil shale was treated by acids and different solvents under supercritical conditions, successively. Experimental results showed clearly that residual mineral matter had a significant effect on the yield and composition of the resulting organic fraction. Indeed, the oil yields obtained from some samples, 43% and 56%, respectively, were much higher than that from the sub-layer, 18%. In addition, the yield of recuperation and quality of extracted oils were largely dependent on the nature of solvents (toluene, water, shale oil). Thus, phenol was shown to be a very efficient modifier for the supercritical extraction of organic matter from Tarfaya oil shale with toluene, affording a good yield of recovery and a suitable maturation of organic matter. The pitches prepared by mixing phenol and toluene contained more aromatics and had a high char yield (46%) at 950 °C compared to those obtained by extraction with supercritical toluene alone.
{"title":"Effect of processing conditions on the improvement of properties and recovering yield of Moroccan oil shale","authors":"Abdelkrim, Abourriche, Mina, Oumam, Said, Mansouri, M. Mouiya, Y. Rakcho, A. Benhammou, Y. Abouliatim, Jones Alami, H. Hannache","doi":"10.3176/oil.2022.1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/oil.2022.1.04","url":null,"abstract":". In the present work, Moroccon Tarfaya oil shale was treated by acids and different solvents under supercritical conditions, successively. Experimental results showed clearly that residual mineral matter had a significant effect on the yield and composition of the resulting organic fraction. Indeed, the oil yields obtained from some samples, 43% and 56%, respectively, were much higher than that from the sub-layer, 18%. In addition, the yield of recuperation and quality of extracted oils were largely dependent on the nature of solvents (toluene, water, shale oil). Thus, phenol was shown to be a very efficient modifier for the supercritical extraction of organic matter from Tarfaya oil shale with toluene, affording a good yield of recovery and a suitable maturation of organic matter. The pitches prepared by mixing phenol and toluene contained more aromatics and had a high char yield (46%) at 950 °C compared to those obtained by extraction with supercritical toluene alone.","PeriodicalId":19441,"journal":{"name":"Oil Shale","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73246630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Long-term stability of pillars in an underground oil shale mine","authors":"E. Lüütre†, T. Põldema, E. Reinsalu, E. Väli","doi":"10.3176/oil.2022.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/oil.2022.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19441,"journal":{"name":"Oil Shale","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85005812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of real-time temperature and shear angle on the mechanical strength and energy evolution of oil shale","authors":"S. Ren, L. Wang, D. Yang, Z. Kang, P. Zhang","doi":"10.3176/oil.2022.4.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/oil.2022.4.03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19441,"journal":{"name":"Oil Shale","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72570466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. In this study, the hydrocarbon generation of 1–4 cm sized shale in supercritical water (SCW) was investigated. The results showed that temperature was the most important factor affecting the hydrocarbon generation of organic-rich shale in the presence of supercritical water. In the temperature range of 380–450 °C, the optimum oil generation temperature was 430 °C. The produced oil component became heavier with increasing temperature. Increasing temperature was beneficial to gas production and improved the selectivity of H 2 and CH 4 . In the pressure range of 22.5–27.5 MPa, oil and gas production decreased with increasing pressure. The influence of pressure on conversion path was almost negligible. Pressure affected the hydrocarbon generation of shale in supercritical water by affecting hydrocarbon expulsion. In the water-shale mass ratio range of 0.5–5 and the reaction time range of 1–12 h, increasing both parameter ranges was conducive to the hydrocarbon generation of oil shale. The selectivity of H 2 increased and that of CH 4 and CO 2 decreased with increasing water-shale mass ratio. The selectivity of CH 4 and C 2 H 6 increased with increasing reaction time.
{"title":"Experimental investigation on the hydrocarbon generation of low maturity organic-rich shale in supercritical water","authors":"Y. Dong, L. Guo, H. Jin, Y. Wang, T. Xie, Q. Zhao","doi":"10.3176/oil.2022.3.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/oil.2022.3.02","url":null,"abstract":". In this study, the hydrocarbon generation of 1–4 cm sized shale in supercritical water (SCW) was investigated. The results showed that temperature was the most important factor affecting the hydrocarbon generation of organic-rich shale in the presence of supercritical water. In the temperature range of 380–450 °C, the optimum oil generation temperature was 430 °C. The produced oil component became heavier with increasing temperature. Increasing temperature was beneficial to gas production and improved the selectivity of H 2 and CH 4 . In the pressure range of 22.5–27.5 MPa, oil and gas production decreased with increasing pressure. The influence of pressure on conversion path was almost negligible. Pressure affected the hydrocarbon generation of shale in supercritical water by affecting hydrocarbon expulsion. In the water-shale mass ratio range of 0.5–5 and the reaction time range of 1–12 h, increasing both parameter ranges was conducive to the hydrocarbon generation of oil shale. The selectivity of H 2 increased and that of CH 4 and CO 2 decreased with increasing water-shale mass ratio. The selectivity of CH 4 and C 2 H 6 increased with increasing reaction time.","PeriodicalId":19441,"journal":{"name":"Oil Shale","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89369677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Dai, Y. Guo, J. Huang, S. Liu, H. Lu, L. Pan, S. Pei
{"title":"The effect of pyrolysis conditions on the composition of Chinese Jimsar shale oil using FT-IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR techniques","authors":"F. Dai, Y. Guo, J. Huang, S. Liu, H. Lu, L. Pan, S. Pei","doi":"10.3176/oil.2022.1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/oil.2022.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19441,"journal":{"name":"Oil Shale","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91327954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. A review of literature data on the processing of solid types of combustible fossils into liquid fuels and chemical products has been carried out. The reserves of solid fossil fuels far exceed the natural resources of oil and gas, so the development of methods for processing solid fossil fuels into chemical products and liquid fuels is an urgent task. The main methods of processing coal and oil shale (OS) are reduced to pyrolysis and supercritical gasification. Pyrolysis is preferred for processing oil shale into shale oil, and currently a promising method for processing coal is extraction with supercritical solvents such as water and CO 2 at temperatures up to 900 °C and in some cases with the addition of a catalyst. For oil shale, the gasification process, like pyrolysis, is carried out under milder conditions, since the mineral part of oil shale contains trace elements that act as catalysts, and the structure of the organic part of oil shale is more similar in composition to oil.
{"title":"Thermal methods of solid fuel processing: review","authors":"Z. Myltykbayeva, M. Smaiyl, Z. Yeshova","doi":"10.3176/oil.2022.3.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/oil.2022.3.04","url":null,"abstract":". A review of literature data on the processing of solid types of combustible fossils into liquid fuels and chemical products has been carried out. The reserves of solid fossil fuels far exceed the natural resources of oil and gas, so the development of methods for processing solid fossil fuels into chemical products and liquid fuels is an urgent task. The main methods of processing coal and oil shale (OS) are reduced to pyrolysis and supercritical gasification. Pyrolysis is preferred for processing oil shale into shale oil, and currently a promising method for processing coal is extraction with supercritical solvents such as water and CO 2 at temperatures up to 900 °C and in some cases with the addition of a catalyst. For oil shale, the gasification process, like pyrolysis, is carried out under milder conditions, since the mineral part of oil shale contains trace elements that act as catalysts, and the structure of the organic part of oil shale is more similar in composition to oil.","PeriodicalId":19441,"journal":{"name":"Oil Shale","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80596000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Alfred Elernurm, 100th birthday of the Grand Old Man of Estonian Oil Shale Research","authors":"A. Siirde","doi":"10.3176/oil.2022.2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/oil.2022.2.05","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19441,"journal":{"name":"Oil Shale","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90229995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Järvik, A. Konist, H. Lees, B. Maaten, A. Siirde
{"title":"Comparison of the ecotoxic properties of oil shale industry by-products to those of coal ash","authors":"O. Järvik, A. Konist, H. Lees, B. Maaten, A. Siirde","doi":"10.3176/oil.2022.1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/oil.2022.1.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19441,"journal":{"name":"Oil Shale","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75020746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. An appropriate pyrolysis temperature is required to achieve the best-quality oil and gas products via kerogen pyrolysis for the application of the in situ shale exploitation technology. In this study, the oil and gas products obtained at different pyrolysis temperatures via the oil shale pyrolysis process were analyzed using gas chromatography (GC). The results show that as the pyrolysis temperature increases, the content of hydrocarbon gases first increases and then decreases. Meanwhile, the H 2 content in nonhydrocarbon gases gradually increases and reaches 64.07% at 550 °C. In addition, when the pyrolysis temperature is > 400 °C, the content of light components in shale oil rapidly increases. Further, when the pyrolysis temperature exceeds 500 °C, the content of light components in shale oil exceeds 42%. Finally, the H 2 content obtained from oil shale pyrolysis by injecting water vapor is approximately eight times higher than that obtained from direct dry distillation. Additionally, the shale oil quality under water vapor action is better than that under direct dry distillation. The kerogen pyrolysis is performed in the H 2 -rich environment and shale oil is prone to hydrogenation reaction.
{"title":"Characteristics of oil and gas production of oil shale pyrolysis by water vapor injection","authors":"Z. Kang, L. Wang, D. Yang, J. Zhao","doi":"10.3176/oil.2022.3.","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3176/oil.2022.3.","url":null,"abstract":". An appropriate pyrolysis temperature is required to achieve the best-quality oil and gas products via kerogen pyrolysis for the application of the in situ shale exploitation technology. In this study, the oil and gas products obtained at different pyrolysis temperatures via the oil shale pyrolysis process were analyzed using gas chromatography (GC). The results show that as the pyrolysis temperature increases, the content of hydrocarbon gases first increases and then decreases. Meanwhile, the H 2 content in nonhydrocarbon gases gradually increases and reaches 64.07% at 550 °C. In addition, when the pyrolysis temperature is > 400 °C, the content of light components in shale oil rapidly increases. Further, when the pyrolysis temperature exceeds 500 °C, the content of light components in shale oil exceeds 42%. Finally, the H 2 content obtained from oil shale pyrolysis by injecting water vapor is approximately eight times higher than that obtained from direct dry distillation. Additionally, the shale oil quality under water vapor action is better than that under direct dry distillation. The kerogen pyrolysis is performed in the H 2 -rich environment and shale oil is prone to hydrogenation reaction.","PeriodicalId":19441,"journal":{"name":"Oil Shale","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88153558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：