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Reversal of Pharmacologically Induced Mydriasis with Phentolamine Ophthalmic Solution. 用酚妥拉明眼药水逆转药理诱导的瞳孔散大。
IF 4.1 1区 医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.09.010
Jay S Pepose, David Wirta, David Evans, Barbara Withers, Kavon Rahmani, Audrey Lazar, Drey Coleman, Ronil Patel, Reda Jaber, Mina Sooch, Mitchell Brigell, Konstantinos Charizanis

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of 0.75% phentolamine ophthalmic solution (POS), an α-adrenergic antagonist, in reversal of pharmacologically induced mydriasis.

Design: Two phase 3, multicenter, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-masked clinical trials in healthy participants.

Participants: Five hundred fifty-three healthy 12- to 80-year-old participants were randomized 1:1 (MIRA 2) and 2:1 (MIRA 3) to receive either POS or placebo eye drops in both eyes.

Methods: Participants received POS or placebo administered 1 hour after mydriasis, induced by instillation of either 2.5% phenylephrine, 1% tropicamide, or 1% hydroxyamphetamine / 0.25% tropicamide.

Main outcome measures: Percent of participants returning to within 0.2 mm of baseline pupil diameter in study eye 90 minutes after POS administration. Safety measures included treatment-emergent adverse events and tolerability measures, including conjunctival hyperemia.

Results: A total of 553 participants were randomized to treatment with placebo (n = 215) or POS (n = 338). A statistically significant greater percentage of participants treated with POS showed reversal of mydriasis at 90 minutes compared to placebo (MIRA 2: 48.9% vs. 6.6% [P < 0.0001]; MIRA 3: 58% vs. 6% [P < 0.0001]) and as early as 60 minutes (MIRA 2: 27.7% vs. 2.2% [P < 0.0001]; MIRA 3: 42% vs. 2% [P < 0.0001]). Between 28% and 34% of participants receiving placebo did not returned to baseline PD at 24 hours after pharmacologic dilation compared with 8% to 11% of patients treated with POS (P < 0.0001).

Conclusions: Treatment with POS reduced PD within 60 to 90 minutes, with a statistically significant time savings of 5 to 6 hours to return to baseline PD compared with placebo. One or 2 drops of POS rapidly reversed mydriasis in all participants regardless of mydriatic agent or iris color. More participants receiving POS reported a benefit in the resolution of visual symptoms caused by pharmacologically induced mydriasis compared with placebo, with statistically significant differences noted as early as 1 hour. The safety profile was favorable, with the most common adverse effects being mild transient conjunctival hyperemia (11.2%), instillation site discomfort (10.9%), and dysgeusia (3.6%).

Financial disclosure(s): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.

目的:评估 0.75% 酚妥拉明眼药水(POS)(一种α-1 拮抗剂)逆转药理诱导的眼球震颤的安全性和有效性:设计:在健康受试者中进行两项第 3 阶段、多中心、安慰剂对照、随机、双掩蔽临床试验:553名12至80岁的健康受试者按1:1(MIRA-2)和2:1(MIRA-3)的比例随机接受POS或安慰剂眼药水滴眼:方法:受试者在接受2.5%苯肾上腺素、1%托吡卡胺或Paremyd(1%羟基苯丙胺/0.25%托吡卡胺)眼药水引起的眼球震颤1小时后,滴用POS或安慰剂:主要终点是在注射 POS 90 分钟后,研究用眼的瞳孔直径恢复到比基线大≤0.2 毫米的受试者百分比。安全性指标包括治疗突发不良事件(TEAEs)和耐受性指标,包括结膜充血:在 MIRA-2 中,185 名受试者随机接受了安慰剂(94 人)或 POS(91 人)治疗。在 MIRA-3 中,368 名受试者随机接受了安慰剂(124 人)或 POS(244 人)治疗。与安慰剂治疗相比,使用 POS 治疗的受试者在 90 分钟(主要终点)时出现眼球震颤逆转的比例明显更高(MIRA-2 为 48.9% 对 6.6%;P 结论:POS 治疗能迅速缓解眼球震颤,并能在 90 分钟内逆转眼球震颤:POS 治疗可在 60 至 90 分钟内迅速减少眼球屈光度,与安慰剂相比,可节省 3 至 4 个小时恢复到基线眼球屈光度,具有显著的统计学意义。在所有受试者中,无论使用何种眼药水或虹膜颜色,滴用 1 滴或 2 滴 POS 均可迅速逆转眼球震颤。与安慰剂相比,更多接受 POS 治疗的受试者表示在缓解药物性眼球震颤引起的视觉症状方面感受到了益处,并且在 1 小时内就发现了显著的统计学差异。该药的安全性良好,最常见的不良反应是轻微的一过性结膜充血(11.2%)、灌注部位不适(10.9%)和吞咽困难(3.6%)。
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引用次数: 0
Are Peripapillary Hyperreflective Ovoid Mass-like Structures with an Elevated Optic Disc Still a Diagnosis Dilemma? PHOMS(乳头周围高反射卵圆形肿块样结构)伴有视盘升高,是否仍是诊断难题?
IF 13.1 1区 医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.09.007
Rim Maalej, Mohamed Bouassida, Hervé Picard, Catherine Vignal Clermont, Rabih Hage

Purpose: To identify clinical characteristics that would help make or rule out the diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) in patients referred for papilledema (PE) with peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass-like structures (PHOMS).

Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Participants: All patients referred for PE excluding PE with Frisén grade ≥ 3, optic neuritis, ischemic optic neuropathy, and compressive optic neuropathy. Patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 = isolated PHOMS; group 2 = PHOMS associated with IIH.

Methods: We analyzed the location of PHOMS based on OCT-enhanced depth imaging (EDI) and calculated their volume.

Main outcome measures: Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL), ganglion cell complex, and volume of PHOMS.

Results: A total of 154 patients (308 eyes) were included. Patients' mean age was 29 years, with a female predominance (78%). Peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass-like structures were associated with these etiologies: IIH (38.3%), isolated (35.7%), posterior uveitis (11%), optic disc drusen (ODD) (10%), and tilted optic disc (5%). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in 83.1% of cases. More than half of the MRI scans were interpreted as consistent with IIH. However, only 39.7% of these patients had confirmed IIH with 44.5% sensitivity and 55.5% specificity. Peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass-like structures were overrepresented in the nasal region (95.5%).The location of PHOMS in the superior or inferior quadrant was significantly associated with IIH or ODD, whereas their presence in the temporal or nasal sector was strongly associated with isolated lesions. The mean and median volume of PHOMS were 1.66 μm3 and 1.50 μm3, respectively. There was a significant difference in PHOMS volume, with a higher volume in patients with IIH (P = 0.0037). Follow-up of these patients at 3 and 6 months demonstrated no significant changes in visual function, as per visual field mean deviation, visual acuity measurements, and ganglion cell layer. Mean pRNFL showed a decrease of -4.225 μm at 3 months and -6.489 μm at 6 months when compared with the initial measurement independent of the etiology.

Conclusions: Isolated PHOMS should be considered as a distinct entity. In asymptomatic patients, PHOMS should be carefully studied. Nasal or temporal location, small volume, and stable aspect over the course of weeks or months are suggestive of this entity. This strategy would considerably reduce the impact on patients' anxiety and morbidity.

Financial disclosure(s): The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.

目的在因乳头水肿(PE)伴毛细血管周围高反射性卵圆形肿块样结构(PHOMS)而转诊的患者中,找出有助于确诊或排除特发性颅内高压(IIH)的临床特征:所有PE转诊患者,不包括Frisén分级≥3级的PE、视神经炎、缺血性视神经病变、压迫性视神经病变。患者分为两组方法:根据 OCT-EDI 分析 PHOMS 的位置并计算其体积:结果:共纳入 154 名患者(308 只眼),平均年龄 29 岁,女性占多数(78%)。PHOMS 与以下病因有关:IIH(38.3%)、孤立性(35.7%)、后葡萄膜炎(11%)、视盘色素沉着(ODD)(10%)和视盘倾斜(5%)。83.1%的病例接受了磁共振成像检查。超过一半的核磁共振成像被解释为与 IIH 一致。然而,其中只有 39.7% 的患者确诊为 IIH,灵敏度为 44.5%,敏感度为 55.5%。PHOMS位于上象限和/或下象限与IIH或视黄斑明显相关,而位于颞部或鼻部则与孤立病变密切相关。PHOMS的平均体积和中位体积分别为1.66 μm3和1.50 μm3。PHOMS体积存在明显差异,IIH患者的体积更大(P=0.0037)。对这些患者进行3个月和6个月的随访显示,视野平均偏差、视力测量和神经节细胞层(GCL)等视功能均无明显变化:结论:孤立的PHOMS应被视为一个独特的实体。对于无症状的患者,应仔细研究 PHOMS。鼻腔或颞部位置、体积小、数周或数月内情况稳定,这些都是该病症的特征。这一策略将大大减少对患者焦虑和发病率的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Changes in the Incidence of Optic Neuritis before and after the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak: A Nationwide Study 2017-2022. COVID-19 前后视神经炎发病率的变化:2017-2022年全国范围内的研究。
IF 13.1 1区 医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.09.009
Jihei Sara Lee, Seung Won Lee, Nang Kyeong Lee, Yong Joon Kim, Hyoung Won Bae, Chan Yun Kim

Purpose: To determine the risk of optic neuritis (ON) during nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPI), vaccination, and infection phases of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in comparison with levels before the outbreak in pediatric and adult populations in South Korea.

Design: A nationwide, population-based retrospective study.

Participants: South Korean individuals with a primary diagnosis of ON received between January 2017 and December 2022.

Methods: The Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment database was queried for new diagnoses of ON between January 2017 and December 2022. Data were divided into 4 periods: before COVID-19 (2017-2019), NPI (2020), nationwide vaccination (2021), and nationwide infection (2022). The risk of ON development for each period was calculated and compared with levels before COVID-19, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) reported.

Main outcome measures: Incidence rate ratio (IRR) of ON for each period.

Results: A total of 7216 patients (52.7% female patients) were included in the study, with patients receiving a diagnosis of ON as follows: 3770 patients before COVID-19 (2017-2019), 1193 patients during NPI, 1135 patients during vaccination, and 1118 patients during the infection phases. The annual incidence of ON during NPI (IRR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.85-1.00; P = 0.043), vaccination (IRR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.81-0.95; P = 0.001), and infection (IRR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.80-0.93; P < 0.001) phases significantly decreased compared with levels before COVID-19 when adjusted for age and sex. The proportions of diagnosis with multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica (NMO), and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) among patients in whom ON developed increased significantly in 2021 in comparison with levels before COVID-19 (10.93% vs. 6.43%; P = 0.0002).

Conclusions: The risks of ON development during the NPI, vaccination, and infection phases of COVID-19 did not increase in comparison with levels before the outbreak in the general population. However, COVID-19 vaccination may be associated with increased risks of ON associated with diseases such as ADEM, MS, and NMO.

Financial disclosure(s): The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.

目的:确定韩国儿童和成人在冠状病毒病-19(COVID-19)的非药物干预(NPI)、疫苗接种和感染阶段发生视神经炎(ON)的风险,并与疫情爆发前的水平进行比较:设计:一项全国性、基于人群的回顾性研究:方法:韩国健康保险审查和评估数据库:方法:在韩国健康保险审查和评估数据库中查询 2017 年 1 月至 2022 年 12 月期间新诊断出的 ON 患者。数据分为4个时期:COVID-19前(2017-2019年)、NPI(2020年)、全国范围内接种(2021年)和全国范围内感染(2022年)。计算每个时期的ON发病风险,并与COVID-19前的水平进行比较,报告95%置信区间(CI):结果:研究共纳入7216名患者(52.7%为女性),其中3770名患者在COVID-19之前(2017-2019年)被诊断为ON,1193名患者在NPI期间被诊断为ON,1135名患者在疫苗接种期间被诊断为ON,1118名患者在感染阶段被诊断为ON。在NPI(IRR为0.92(95% CI为0.85-1.00),P=0.043)、疫苗接种(IRR为0.88(95% CI为0.81-0.95),P=0.001)和感染(IRR为0.86(95% CI为0.80-0.93),PConclusions:与普通人群疫情爆发前的水平相比,COVID-19在NPI、疫苗接种和感染阶段的ON发病风险并未增加。然而,接种COVID-19疫苗可能会增加与ADEM、MS和NMOSD等疾病相关的ON风险。
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引用次数: 0
Vitreopapillary Findings in Nonarteritic Ischemic Optic Neuropathy versus Healthy Eyes: A Clinical and OCT Comparison. 非动脉炎性缺血性视神经病变与健康眼的玻璃体毛细血管发现:临床与 OCT 比较。
IF 13.1 1区 医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.09.008
Ahmet M Hondur, Golnaz Moazami, Gozde Hondur, Tongalp H Tezel

Purpose: To study the vitreopapillary interface in nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) for features that may predispose to optic nerve perfusion defects.

Design: Case-control study.

Participants and controls: Patients with NAION (study group) were compared with healthy non-NAION patients with crowded discs (control group I) and noncrowded optic discs (control group II).

Methods: The vitreopapillary interface was studied in 32 eyes with NAION using high-resolution OCT scans. Results were compared with 2 control groups consisting of age, sex, and refraction-matched non-NAION individuals with crowded optic discs (control group I: 31 eyes) and noncrowded optic discs (control group II: 32 eyes).

Main outcome measures: The incidence of total posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), vitreopapillary and vitreovascular attachments, and epipapillary membranes.

Results: The rate of PVD over the macula was similar between groups (NAION: 62.5%, control I: 61.3%, and control II: 65.6%, P = 0.93), whereas the posterior hyaloid remained attached to the crowded discs at a significantly higher rate (NAION: 81.2%, control I: 83.9% and control II: 43.7%, P = 0.0005). A higher rate of focal vitreopapillary attachments on crowded discs than on noncrowded discs was noted (NAION: 72.2%, crowded control I: 58.7%, and noncrowded control II: 19.1%, P = 0.007). Vitreovascular attachments (NAION: 68.8%, crowded control I: 3.2% vs. noncrowded control II: 6.3%, P = 0.00001) and dense epipapillary membranes were observed in NAION eyes.

Conclusions: Crowded discs may have stronger vitreopapillary attachments. A close relationship of these attachments with optic nerve vessels may lead to the transmission of strong tractional forces by a syneretic vitreous gel, especially after macular PVD. This transduced mechanical force may contort the vessel wall and disrupt the blood flow in NAION.

Financial disclosure(s): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.

目的:研究非动脉缺血性视神经病变(NAION)的玻璃体-毛细血管界面,寻找可能导致视神经灌注缺陷的特征:病例对照研究:将NAION患者(研究组)与有拥挤视盘(对照组I)和无拥挤视盘(对照组II)的非NAION健康患者进行比较:方法:使用高分辨率 OCT 扫描对 32 例非内视网膜视网膜病变患者的玻璃体乳头界面进行研究。将结果与两个对照组进行比较,对照组由年龄、性别和屈光度匹配的非 NAION 患者组成,分别为视盘拥挤组(对照组 I:31 只眼)和视盘非拥挤组(对照组 II:32 只眼):主要结果指标:玻璃体后脱离(PVD)、玻璃体毛细血管和玻璃体血管附着物以及毛细血管上膜的发生率:各组黄斑上的PVD发生率相似(NAION:62.5%,对照组I:61.3%,对照组II:65.6%,P=0.93),而后玻璃体仍附着在拥挤的玻璃盘上的发生率明显更高(NAION:81.2%,对照组I:83.9%,对照组II:43.7%,P=0.0005)。与不拥挤的圆盘相比,拥挤圆盘上的局灶玻璃体毛细血管附着率更高(NAION:72.2%,拥挤对照组 I:58.7%,不拥挤对照组 II:19.1%,P=0.007)。在NAION眼中观察到玻璃血管附着(NAION:69%,拥挤对照组I:3%,非拥挤对照组II:6%,P=0.00001)和致密的毛细血管上膜:结论:拥挤的视盘可能具有更强的玻璃体毛细血管附着力。这些附着物与视神经血管的密切关系可能会导致玻璃体凝胶鞘内强大牵引力的传递,尤其是在黄斑 PVD 之后。这种传递的机械力可能会使血管壁变形,并破坏非视神经损伤中的血流。
{"title":"Vitreopapillary Findings in Nonarteritic Ischemic Optic Neuropathy versus Healthy Eyes: A Clinical and OCT Comparison.","authors":"Ahmet M Hondur, Golnaz Moazami, Gozde Hondur, Tongalp H Tezel","doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To study the vitreopapillary interface in nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) for features that may predispose to optic nerve perfusion defects.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Case-control study.</p><p><strong>Participants and controls: </strong>Patients with NAION (study group) were compared with healthy non-NAION patients with crowded discs (control group I) and noncrowded optic discs (control group II).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The vitreopapillary interface was studied in 32 eyes with NAION using high-resolution OCT scans. Results were compared with 2 control groups consisting of age, sex, and refraction-matched non-NAION individuals with crowded optic discs (control group I: 31 eyes) and noncrowded optic discs (control group II: 32 eyes).</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>The incidence of total posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), vitreopapillary and vitreovascular attachments, and epipapillary membranes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The rate of PVD over the macula was similar between groups (NAION: 62.5%, control I: 61.3%, and control II: 65.6%, P = 0.93), whereas the posterior hyaloid remained attached to the crowded discs at a significantly higher rate (NAION: 81.2%, control I: 83.9% and control II: 43.7%, P = 0.0005). A higher rate of focal vitreopapillary attachments on crowded discs than on noncrowded discs was noted (NAION: 72.2%, crowded control I: 58.7%, and noncrowded control II: 19.1%, P = 0.007). Vitreovascular attachments (NAION: 68.8%, crowded control I: 3.2% vs. noncrowded control II: 6.3%, P = 0.00001) and dense epipapillary membranes were observed in NAION eyes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Crowded discs may have stronger vitreopapillary attachments. A close relationship of these attachments with optic nerve vessels may lead to the transmission of strong tractional forces by a syneretic vitreous gel, especially after macular PVD. This transduced mechanical force may contort the vessel wall and disrupt the blood flow in NAION.</p><p><strong>Financial disclosure(s): </strong>Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":19533,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142292788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Swept-Source OCT Angiography of Presumed Optic Nerve Metastasis from Breast Carcinoma. 假定乳腺癌视神经转移的扫视源 OCT 血管造影。
IF 13.1 1区 医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.06.025
Nan Zhou, Lumin Liang, Wenbin Wei
{"title":"Swept-Source OCT Angiography of Presumed Optic Nerve Metastasis from Breast Carcinoma.","authors":"Nan Zhou, Lumin Liang, Wenbin Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.06.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.06.025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19533,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142292786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bend but Don't Break: Impressive Chiasm Compression with Normal Vision. 弯曲但不折断:正常视力下令人印象深刻的气场压缩。
IF 13.1 1区 医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.08.008
Joshua L Bierbrier, Jonathan A Micieli
{"title":"Bend but Don't Break: Impressive Chiasm Compression with Normal Vision.","authors":"Joshua L Bierbrier, Jonathan A Micieli","doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.08.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19533,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142292782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abducens Nerve Tear after an Accidental Fall. 意外摔倒后的视神经撕裂
IF 13.1 1区 医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.08.009
Benqi Zhao, Shancheng Si
{"title":"Abducens Nerve Tear after an Accidental Fall.","authors":"Benqi Zhao, Shancheng Si","doi":"10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.08.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19533,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142292780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
MERLIN: Two-Year Results of Brolucizumab in Participants with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Persistent Retinal Fluid. MERLIN:布鲁珠单抗治疗新生血管性老年黄斑变性和持续性视网膜积液患者的两年研究结果。
IF 13.1 1区 医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.08.022
David M Brown, Glenn J Jaffe, Charles C Wykoff, Eser Adiguzel, Jeffrey S Heier, Arshad M Khanani

Purpose: To report the safety and efficacy of brolucizumab (Beovu) 6 mg versus aflibercept (Eylea) 2 mg administered every 4 weeks in participants with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and persistent retinal fluid after the week 52 up to week 104.

Design: Multicenter, randomized, double-masked phase 3a study.

Participants: Participants with recalcitrant nAMD (persistent residual retinal fluid despite previous frequent anti-VEGF treatment).

Methods: Study eyes were randomized 2:1 to intravitreal brolucizumab 6 mg or aflibercept 2 mg every 4 weeks for 100 weeks or until study termination.

Main outcome measures: All available efficacy (analysis of noninferiority in mean best-corrected visual acuity [BCVA], central subfield thickness [CST], fluid-free status [no intraretinal fluid and no subretinal fluid]) and safety data up to study termination, including data up to week 104 for those participants who completed the study before its termination. All P values after week 52 were nominal and reflect observed data for the efficacy analyses.

Results: Brolucizumab 6 mg every 4 weeks was noninferior to aflibercept 2 mg in mean BCVA change from baseline to week 104 (least squares mean difference, -0.4 ETDRS letters; 95% confidence interval [CI], -3.7 to 3.0; P = 0.0169). The proportion of eyes with ≥15-letter loss was 6.2% for brolucizumab and 4.7% for aflibercept (P = 0.7762), and a greater proportion of eyes were fluid free at week 104 (52.5% brolucizumab vs. 28.2% aflibercept; 95% CI, 11.9-37.3; P < 0.001) in eyes treated with brolucizumab versus aflibercept. Incidence of intraocular inflammation (IOI), including retinal vasculitis and retinal vascular occlusion, was 11.5% (0.8% and 2.2%) for brolucizumab versus 6.1% (0% and 0.6%) for aflibercept.

Conclusions: Consistent with 52-week results, brolucizumab 6 mg every 4 weeks was noninferior in mean BCVA change, with anatomic outcomes superior to aflibercept 2 mg every 4 weeks from baseline to week 104 or study termination. The incidence of IOI, including retinal vasculitis and retinal vascular occlusion, was higher with brolucizumab versus aflibercept; therefore, brolucizumab should not be used more frequently than every 8 weeks after the loading regimen.

Financial disclosure(s): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references.

目的:在第52周主要终点分析后(从第52周到第104周,即研究终止后),报告在患有新生血管性年龄相关性黄斑变性(nAMD)和持续性视网膜积液的参与者中,每4周服用6毫克brolucizumab(倍优®)与2毫克aflibercept(Eylea®)的安全性和有效性:设计:多中心、随机、双掩蔽 3a 期研究:多中心、随机、双掩蔽 3a 期研究。参与者:患有顽固性 nAMD 的参与者(尽管之前频繁接受抗血管内皮生长因子治疗,但视网膜仍持续残留积液):方法:研究眼球按2:1随机分配到玻璃体内brolucizumab 6 mg或aflibercept 2 mg,每4周一次,持续100周或直到研究终止:所有可用的疗效数据(最佳矫正视力[BCVA]、中央子场厚度[CST]、无积液状态[无视网膜内积液和无视网膜下积液]的非劣效性分析)和截至研究终止的安全性数据,包括在研究终止前完成研究的参与者截至第104周的数据。第52周后的所有P值均为名义值,反映的是疗效分析的观察数据:从基线到第104周的平均BCVA变化(最小二乘法平均差,-0.4个早期治疗糖尿病视网膜病变研究字母;95%置信区间[CI],-3.7到3.0;P = 0.0169)来看,每4周一次的6毫克布卢单抗不劣于2毫克阿夫利拜特。brolucizumab和aflibercept的视力损失≥15个字母的眼睛比例分别为6.2%和4.7%(P = 0.0014)。(在第104周时,接受brolucizumab治疗的眼睛与接受aflibercept治疗的眼睛相比,无积液的眼睛比例更高(brolucizumab为52.5%,aflibercept为28.2%;95% CI,11.9-37.3;P < 0.001)。包括视网膜血管炎和视网膜血管闭塞在内的眼内炎症(IOI)发生率,brolucizumab为11.5%(0.8%和2.2%),aflibercept为6.1%(0%和0.6%):与52周的结果一致,从基线到第104周或研究终止,每4周一次、每次6毫克的brolucizumab在BCVA平均变化方面不劣于每4周一次、每次2毫克的aflibercept,解剖结果也优于aflibercept。与aflibercept相比,brolucizumab的IOI(包括视网膜血管炎和视网膜血管闭塞)发生率更高;因此,brolucizumab的使用频率不应超过负荷疗法后的每8周一次。
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引用次数: 0
Myopic Shift over 5 Years after Pediatric Lensectomy with Primary Intraocular Lens Implantation. 小儿晶状体切除术和原发性眼内透镜植入术后五年内的近视度数变化
IF 13.1 1区 医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.08.036
Alejandra G de Alba Campomanes, Michael X Repka, Sarah R Hatt, Desirae R Sutherland, David A Leske, David G Morrison, Nicole Fallaha, B Michele Melia, Raymond T Kraker, Susan A Cotter, Jonathan M Holmes

Purpose: To report the change in refractive error over 5 years after primary intraocular lens (IOL) placement by age at surgery and to identify factors associated with the change in refractive error after 5 years.

Design: Prospective observational study at 61 pediatric eye care practices.

Participants: One hundred eighty-six eyes of 152 children undergoing primary IOL implantation before 13 years of age for nontraumatic cataract.

Interventions: Cataract surgery with primary IOL placement.

Main outcome measures: Five-year change in refractive error (spherical equivalent) by age at surgery and by immediate postoperative myopia versus emmetropia or hyperopia.

Results: Mean spherical equivalent myopic shift was -5.99 diopters (D; 95% confidence interval [CI], -7.64 to -4.34 D) when surgery was performed at 0 to younger than 1 year of age (n = 13), -3.53 D (-4.57 to -2.48 D) at 1 to younger than 2.5 years of age (n = 28), -1.91 D (-2.55 to -1.26 D) at 2.5 to younger than 4 years of age (n = 36), -2.04 D -2.60 to -1.49 D) at 4 to younger than 7 years of age (n = 60), and -0.83 D (-1.27 to -0.40 D) at 7 to younger than 13 years of age (n = 49; P < 0.01 for each comparison with the oldest group). Variability of myopic shift also decreased with increasing age (P < 0.01). In eyes of children 4 to younger than 13 years of age (small sample size precluded analysis of children younger than 4 years), significantly less mean change in refractive error was found over 5 years in eyes with myopia immediately after surgery (-0.69 D; 95% CI, -1.48 to 0.10 D; n = 27) than eyes with emmetropia or hyperopia immediately after surgery (-1.70 D; 95% CI, -2.10 to -1.31 D, n = 82; difference, -1.01 D [95% CI, -1.89 to -0.14 D]; P = 0.03).

Conclusions: In this large, prospective cohort study of children younger than 13 years undergoing cataract surgery with primary IOL placement, greater and more variable myopic shift was found in children undergoing surgery at a younger age. Our finding of less myopic shift over 5 years in eyes with unintended immediate postoperative myopia deserves further study to guide IOL power selection more accurately.

Financial disclosure(s): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.

目的报告按手术年龄划分的初次眼内人工晶体(IOL)置入术后5年屈光不正的变化情况,并确定与5年后屈光不正变化相关的因素:设计:在 61 家儿科眼科诊所进行前瞻性观察研究:干预措施:主要结局指标:按手术年龄划分的屈光不正(球面等效)的五年变化(结果:平均球面等效近视度数的变化在 0 至结论年龄段进行手术时,平均球面等效近视度数变化(95% 置信区间 [CI])为-5.99 D(-7.64 至-4.34):在这项大型前瞻性队列研究中,年龄小于 13 岁的儿童在接受白内障手术并植入人工晶体后,其近视度数的变化更大、更不稳定。我们发现,术后即刻近视的眼睛在 5 年内的近视度数变化较小,这值得进一步研究,以便更准确地指导人工晶体功率的选择。
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引用次数: 0
Survival in Patients with Uveal Melanoma Is Linked to Genetic Variation at HERC2 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism rs12913832. 葡萄膜黑色素瘤患者的存活率与 HERC2 SNP rs12913832 的遗传变异有关。
IF 13.1 1区 医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2024.09.001
Maria Chiara Gelmi, Laurien E Houtzagers, Annemijn P A Wierenga, Mieke Versluis, Bastiaan T Heijmans, Gregorius P M Luyten, Peter de Knijff, Marije Te Raa, Rick H de Leeuw, Martine J Jager

Purpose: Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare disease, with the highest incidence in people with fair skin and light eyes. Eye color is largely genetically determined and is defined by a set of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We set out to determine whether we could identify a SNP related to prognosis.

Design: We sequenced DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 392 patients with UM and obtained the genotype of 6 common eye color-related SNPs. Clinical and histopathologic tumor characteristics, tumor chromosome status, and patient survival were compared among patients with different genotypes.

Participants: Three hundred ninety-two patients who underwent enucleation for UM at the Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Methods: We isolated DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes of 392 patients with UM and performed sequencing, using 6 eye color SNPs from the HIrisPlex-S assay (Erasmus MC, Walsh lab). The genotypes extracted from the sequencing data were uploaded onto the HIrisPlexwebtool (https://hirisplex.erasmusmc.nl/) for eye color prediction. We tested the association of eye color SNPs with tumor characteristics and chromosome aberrations using Pearson's chi-square test and the Mann-Whitney U test and evaluated survival with Kaplan-Meier curves with the log-rank test and Cox regression.

Main outcome measures: Uveal melanoma-related survival.

Results: Of 392 patients with analyzable genotype data, 307 patients (78%) were assigned blue eyes, 74 patients (19%) were assigned brown eyes, and 11 patients (3%) could not be assigned to either blue or brown. Patients with a genetically blue eye color showed worse survival (P = 0.04). This was related to 1 genotype: patients with the G/G genotype of rs12913832 (HERC2), which codes for blue eye color showed a worse prognosis (P = 0.017) and more often had high-risk tumors (monosomy of chromosome 3; P = 0.04) than in patients with an A/G or A/A genotype.

Conclusions: The G/G genotype of rs12913832 (HERC2), which is related to blue eye color, not only is a genetic factor related to the risk of UM develop, but also is linked to a worse prognosis because of an association with a higher risk of a high-risk UM developing (carrying monosomy of chromosome 3).

Financial disclosure(s): The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.

目的:葡萄膜黑色素瘤(UM)是一种罕见疾病,在皮肤白皙、眼睛明亮的人群中发病率最高。眼睛的颜色主要由基因决定,并由一组单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)定义。我们的目的是确定是否能找出与预后有关的 SNP:设计:我们对 392 名 UM 患者外周血单核细胞中的 DNA 进行了测序,并获得了 6 个常见眼色相关 SNP 的基因型。比较了不同基因型患者的临床和组织病理学肿瘤特征、肿瘤染色体状态和患者生存率:荷兰莱顿市莱顿大学医学中心接受 UM 去核手术的 392 名患者:我们从 392 名 UM 患者的外周血白细胞中分离出 DNA,并使用 HIrisPlex-S 检测方法中的 6 个眼色 SNPs 进行测序。从测序数据中提取的基因型被上传到Hirisplex网络工具(https://hirisplex.erasmusmc.nl/),用于眼色预测。我们使用皮尔逊卡方检验(Pearson's chi-square test)和曼-惠特尼U检验(Mann-Whitney U test)检验了眼色SNP与肿瘤特征和染色体畸变的相关性,并使用卡普兰-梅耶曲线(Kaplan-Meier curves)、对数秩检验(log-rank test)和考克斯回归(Cox regression)检验了生存率:结果:在392名有可分析基因型数据的患者中,307人(78%)被指定为蓝眼睛,74人(19%)为棕色眼睛,11人(3%)不能被指定为蓝眼睛或棕色眼睛。具有蓝眼基因的患者生存率较低(p = 0.04)。这与一种基因型有关:rs12913832(HERC2)的G/G基因型编码蓝色眼睛的患者预后较差(p = 0.017),这与高危肿瘤(3号染色体单体,p = 0.04)多于A/G或A/A基因型的患者有关:rs12913832(HERC2)的G/G基因型与蓝眼睛的颜色有关,它不仅是一个与荨麻疹发病风险有关的遗传因素,而且还与较差的预后有关,因为它与高危荨麻疹(携带3号染色体单体)的发病风险较高有关。
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Ophthalmology
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