Oncology nursing forum最新文献

Objectives: To identify subgroups of patients with distinct chemotherapy-induced vomiting (CIV) profiles; determine how these subgroups differ on several demographic, clinical, and symptom characteristics; and evaluate factors associated with chemotherapy-induced nausea and CIV profiles.

Sample & setting: Adult patients (N = 1,338) receiving cancer chemotherapy.

Methods & variables: Data were collected on demographic, clinical, and symptom characteristics. Differences among subgroups of patients with distinct CIV profiles were evaluated using parametric and nonparametric tests.

Results: Three CIV profiles (None, Decreasing, and Increasing) were identified. Compared with the None class, Decreasing and Increasing classes were more likely to have lower household income and a higher comorbidity burden, as well as to report higher rates of dry mouth, nausea, diarrhea, depression, anxiety, sleep disturbance, morning fatigue, and pain interference.

Implications for nursing: Clinicians need to assess common and distinct risk factors for CIV and chemotherapy-induced nausea.

Objectives: To explore genes in the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 antioxidative response elements (Nrf2-ARE) signaling pathway using a multiomics approach for associations with variability of cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in postmenopausal women with early-stage hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.

Sample & setting: Postmenopausal women (N = 116) with early-stage hormone receptor-positive breast cancer were recruited from western Pennsylvania.

Methods & variables: Candidate genes from the Nrf2-ARE pathway were investigated for associations with CRF occurrence and severity. Associations were evaluated using logistic regression for occurrence and linear regression for severity.

Results: The rs2706110 TT genotype in NFE2L2 was associated with a 3.5-fold increase in odds of CRF occurrence. The cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) site cg22820568 in PRDX1 was associated with CRF occurrence and severity.

Implications for nursing: Biomarkers based on Nrf2-ARE genes may help to identify women at increased risk for more severe CRF and to develop targeted interventions.

Objectives: To evaluate for associations between the occurrence of palpitations reported by women prior to breast cancer surgery and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for neurotransmitter genes.

Sample & setting: A total of 398 women, who were scheduled for unilateral breast cancer surgery, provided detailed information on demographic and clinical characteristics and the occurrence of palpitations prior to breast cancer surgery.

Methods & variables: The occurrence of palpitations was assessed using a single item (i.e., "heart races/pounds" in the past week ["yes"/"no"]). Blood samples were collected for genomic analyses. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to identify associations between the occurrence of palpitations and variations in neurotransmitter genes.

Results: Nine SNPs and two haplotypes among 11 candidate genes were associated with the occurrence of palpitations. These genes encode for a number of neurotransmitters and/or their receptors, including serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, gamma-amino butyric acid, Substance P, and neurokinin.

Implications for nursing: These findings suggest that alterations in a variety of neurotransmitters contribute to the development of this symptom.

Objectives: To phenotype the psychoneurologic (PN) symptom cluster in individuals with metastatic breast cancer and associate those phenotypes with individual characteristics and cancer genomic variables from circulating tumor DNA.

Sample & setting: This study included 201 individuals with metastatic breast cancer recruited in western Pennsylvania.

Methods & variables: A descriptive, cross-sectional design was used. Symptom data were collected via the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory, and cancer genomic data were collected via ultra-low-pass whole-genome sequencing of circulating tumor DNA from participant blood.

Results: Three distinct PN symptom phenotypes were described in a population with metastatic breast cancer: mild symptoms, moderate symptoms, and severe mood-related symptoms. Breast cancer TP53 deletion was significantly associated with membership in a moderate to severe symptoms phenotype (p = 0.013).

Implications for nursing: Specific cancer genomic changes associated with increased genomic instability may be predictive of PN symptoms. This finding may enable proactive treatment or reveal new therapeutic targets for symptom management.

The position statement on fertility preservation was produced through collaborative efforts among the Association of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Nurses, Canadian Association of Nurses in Oncology/Association canadienne des.

Objectives: To identify subgroups of patients with distinct cough occurrence profiles and evaluate for differences among these subgroups.

Sample & setting: Outpatients receiving chemotherapy (N = 1,338) completed questionnaires six times over two chemotherapy cycles.

Methods & variables: Occurrence of cough was assessed using the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale. Latent class analysis was used to identify subgroups with distinct cough occurrence profiles. Parametric and nonparametric tests were used to evaluate for differences.

Results: Four distinct cough profiles were identified (None, Decreasing, Increasing, and High). Risk factors associated with membership in the High class included lower annual household income; history of smoking; self-reported diagnoses of lung disease, heart disease, and back pain; and having lung cancer.

Implications for nursing: Clinicians need to assess all patients with cancer for cough and provide targeted interventions.

Purpose: To update the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)-Oncology Nursing Society (ONS) standards for antineoplastic therapy administration safety in adult and pediatric oncology and highlight current standards for antineoplastic therapy for adult and pediatric populations with various routes of administration and location.

Methods: ASCO and ONS convened a multidisciplinary Expert Panel with representation of multiple organizations to conduct literature reviews and add to the standards as needed. The evidence base was combined with the opinion of the ASCO-ONS Expert Panel to develop antineoplastic safety standards and guidance. Public comments were solicited and considered in preparation of the final manuscript.

Results: The standards presented here include clarification and expansion of existing standards to include home administration and other changes in processes of ordering, preparing, and administering antineoplastic therapy; the advent of immune effector cellular therapy; the importance of social determinants of health; fertility preservation; and pregnancy avoidance. In addition, the standards have added a fourth verification.

Standards: Standards are provided for which health care organizations and those involved in all aspects of patient care can safely deliver antineoplastic therapy, increase the quality of care, and reduce medical errors.

Purpose: To explore the impact of disruptions in information processing (DIPs) on social roles, well-being, and quality of life (QOL) in breast cancer survivors after chemotherapy.

Participants & setting: Experiences of DIPs were explored in eight breast cancer survivors aged 53-70 years, 12-60 months post-treatment, referred from a National Cancer Institute-designated cancer center and a nonprofit breast cancer support organization from January 6 to August 31, 2020.

Methodologic approach: This study used a mixed-methods approach. Participants journaled and answered questionnaires sent via mail that asked them about changes in their cognition, QOL, and social roles. Qualitative data were thematically analyzed using constant comparative analysis, and questionnaire scores were compared with qualitative data.

Findings: Journals revealed problems with functioning in occupational roles and increased stress, anxiety, and frustration. Women with more DIPs tended to have lower role satisfaction and QOL. Greater role satisfaction was associated with higher QOL and social role participation.

Implications for nursing: Mitigating the effects of DIPs on social function may allow women to continue in important roles, which has the potential to affect QOL.

Each abstract has been indexed according to first author. Abstracts appear as they were submitted and have not undergone editing or the Oncology Nursing Forum's review process. Only abstracts that will be presented appear h.

Objectives: To examine if racial differences in cardiovascular health (CVH) are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) disparities among women with breast and gynecologic cancers.

Sample & setting: The sample consisted of 252 Black women and 93 White women without a self-reported history of cancer or CVD who developed a breast or gynecologic malignancy. Women who developed CVD before their cancer diagnosis were excluded.

Methods & variables: CVH was classified using metrics of the American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7 framework. Metrics were summed to create a total CVH score (0-7). Associations among race, ideal CVH (score of 5-7), and CVD incidence following cancer diagnosis were estimated with Cox proportional hazards models.

Results: Ideal CVH was similar between Black women (33%) and White women (37%). Race and CVH were not associated with CVD incidence.

Implications for nursing: In a small sample of women diagnosed with breast and gynecologic cancers, racial disparities in CVH and CVD incidence were not observed. Additional investigation of potential confounders relating to social determinants of health tied to the construct of race is warranted.