Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.1117/1.oe.63.7.071408
Dave Aikens
There is a shortage of trained optical engineers in our industry, particularly a shortfall of optical design engineers. One way to create more optical designers is through a cultivation strategy. This work discusses the current optical design education process and describes a possible strategy to cultivate engineers into real working optical design engineers based on the mentorship program used by Hughes Aircraft Company in the 1980s. The process used by Hughes Aircraft Company is discussed and a possible structure for implementing something similar is based on today’s toolset and requirements. The design process is broken into 12 blocks, each of which consists of four one hour classes with four hours of homework for each. Using a layered approach, the homework can accommodate students with diverse backgrounds and skills and can be taught using any of the existing optical design codes. The document includes a detailed structure of 48 lessons for a possible mentoring program, which can be customized as necessary for specific groups of students or companies. The mentoring program has been refined over the past five years, with more than 30 participants to date in seven countries and a dozen companies with great success.
{"title":"How do we make more optical designers?","authors":"Dave Aikens","doi":"10.1117/1.oe.63.7.071408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.63.7.071408","url":null,"abstract":"There is a shortage of trained optical engineers in our industry, particularly a shortfall of optical design engineers. One way to create more optical designers is through a cultivation strategy. This work discusses the current optical design education process and describes a possible strategy to cultivate engineers into real working optical design engineers based on the mentorship program used by Hughes Aircraft Company in the 1980s. The process used by Hughes Aircraft Company is discussed and a possible structure for implementing something similar is based on today’s toolset and requirements. The design process is broken into 12 blocks, each of which consists of four one hour classes with four hours of homework for each. Using a layered approach, the homework can accommodate students with diverse backgrounds and skills and can be taught using any of the existing optical design codes. The document includes a detailed structure of 48 lessons for a possible mentoring program, which can be customized as necessary for specific groups of students or companies. The mentoring program has been refined over the past five years, with more than 30 participants to date in seven countries and a dozen companies with great success.","PeriodicalId":19561,"journal":{"name":"Optical Engineering","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140596205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1117/1.oe.63.7.071406
Jennifer D. T. Kruschwitz, Thomas G. Brown, James M. Zavislan
The Institute of Optics at the University of Rochester (UofR) launched a program in the fall of 2020 for students interested in earning an MS in optics. The program is referred to as the hybrid optics master’s education (HOME). The HOME system of coursework allows working individuals to take classes remotely either synchronously with in-person MS students through Zoom or asynchronously guided by the professor. Courses are structured to be inclusive to the online learner through group projects and discussion with other in-person/online students and one-on-one interaction with the professor and teaching assistant. Each course has specific learning objectives and may incorporate a variety of technology platforms to engage the online student and create an active learning environment. The degree requirements for the MS HOME and in-person Optics MS are identical; only the form of curriculum delivery is modified. Optics faculty were enrolled in a specific course through the UofR’s Warner School of Education to develop their online curriculum. In the three short years since the program’s inception, we have gathered data on what makes a successful online master’s student in optics and how to keep the online student engaged in the classroom and connected to their professors as well as other students in the program.
{"title":"Teaching optics online: lessons learned from the University of Rochester’s hybrid optics master’s education program","authors":"Jennifer D. T. Kruschwitz, Thomas G. Brown, James M. Zavislan","doi":"10.1117/1.oe.63.7.071406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.63.7.071406","url":null,"abstract":"The Institute of Optics at the University of Rochester (UofR) launched a program in the fall of 2020 for students interested in earning an MS in optics. The program is referred to as the hybrid optics master’s education (HOME). The HOME system of coursework allows working individuals to take classes remotely either synchronously with in-person MS students through Zoom or asynchronously guided by the professor. Courses are structured to be inclusive to the online learner through group projects and discussion with other in-person/online students and one-on-one interaction with the professor and teaching assistant. Each course has specific learning objectives and may incorporate a variety of technology platforms to engage the online student and create an active learning environment. The degree requirements for the MS HOME and in-person Optics MS are identical; only the form of curriculum delivery is modified. Optics faculty were enrolled in a specific course through the UofR’s Warner School of Education to develop their online curriculum. In the three short years since the program’s inception, we have gathered data on what makes a successful online master’s student in optics and how to keep the online student engaged in the classroom and connected to their professors as well as other students in the program.","PeriodicalId":19561,"journal":{"name":"Optical Engineering","volume":"162 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140168553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1117/1.oe.63.7.071405
Michael A. Marciniak
The U.S. Air and Space Forces require optical expertise among their personnel. The Air Force Institute of Technology offers a graduate optics curriculum, which includes a three-course sequence to educate students in the optical concepts of radiometry and radiometric instrumentation. We find radiometry is often a deceptively difficult concept for students to master. To address this, we have developed an experiment in our optics-laboratory coursework to help them gain this mastery. A Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer (FTS) is used to collect spectral data from an unknown sample. FTS calibration and data collection are discussed here, as are the two specific samples used, one with specular reflectance properties, the other with diffuse. The analysis methodology used on the data is also discussed. This is a good radiometry exercise to reveal to the student what can be learned about an unknown material’s optical properties in a remote-sensing scenario and is the basis upon which the limiting simplifications of this initial experiment may be generalized to address more difficult, but more realistic, remote-sensing analyses.
{"title":"Laboratory exercise for the radiometry student","authors":"Michael A. Marciniak","doi":"10.1117/1.oe.63.7.071405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.63.7.071405","url":null,"abstract":"The U.S. Air and Space Forces require optical expertise among their personnel. The Air Force Institute of Technology offers a graduate optics curriculum, which includes a three-course sequence to educate students in the optical concepts of radiometry and radiometric instrumentation. We find radiometry is often a deceptively difficult concept for students to master. To address this, we have developed an experiment in our optics-laboratory coursework to help them gain this mastery. A Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer (FTS) is used to collect spectral data from an unknown sample. FTS calibration and data collection are discussed here, as are the two specific samples used, one with specular reflectance properties, the other with diffuse. The analysis methodology used on the data is also discussed. This is a good radiometry exercise to reveal to the student what can be learned about an unknown material’s optical properties in a remote-sensing scenario and is the basis upon which the limiting simplifications of this initial experiment may be generalized to address more difficult, but more realistic, remote-sensing analyses.","PeriodicalId":19561,"journal":{"name":"Optical Engineering","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140057246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1117/1.oe.63.7.071403
Brian E. Kruschwitz
Computer-based simulation tools can be an effective component in the teaching of aberrations, interferometry, and optical testing, as part of an educational strategy that includes classroom fundamentals and hands-on laboratory practice. At the University of Rochester, a MATLAB-based simulation graphical user interface (GUI) has been incorporated into both the undergraduate and graduate curricula. Users specify aberrations using either primary Seidel aberration coefficients or Zernike coefficients and the simulation GUI produces a broad array of displays including wavefront and transverse ray aberration representations, imaging-system performance metrics, interferometry simulation, including lateral shearing interferometry, Shack–Hartmann sensing simulations, and Foucault knife-edge and wire tests. We describe the simulation GUI and discuss how aspects of it are used to enhance classroom instruction at both the undergraduate and graduate levels.
{"title":"Use of simulation tools to enhance classroom instruction in aberrations, interferometry, and optical testing","authors":"Brian E. Kruschwitz","doi":"10.1117/1.oe.63.7.071403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.63.7.071403","url":null,"abstract":"Computer-based simulation tools can be an effective component in the teaching of aberrations, interferometry, and optical testing, as part of an educational strategy that includes classroom fundamentals and hands-on laboratory practice. At the University of Rochester, a MATLAB-based simulation graphical user interface (GUI) has been incorporated into both the undergraduate and graduate curricula. Users specify aberrations using either primary Seidel aberration coefficients or Zernike coefficients and the simulation GUI produces a broad array of displays including wavefront and transverse ray aberration representations, imaging-system performance metrics, interferometry simulation, including lateral shearing interferometry, Shack–Hartmann sensing simulations, and Foucault knife-edge and wire tests. We describe the simulation GUI and discuss how aspects of it are used to enhance classroom instruction at both the undergraduate and graduate levels.","PeriodicalId":19561,"journal":{"name":"Optical Engineering","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139765428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1117/1.oe.63.7.071402
José Sasián
We discuss oblique spherical aberration, its balance, and its control. Several ways to mitigate this aberration are listed and some lens design examples are presented. The variation of oblique spherical aberration as a function of index of refraction and the shape factor of a thin lens is also presented. It is argued that controlling the amount and distribution of spherical aberration propagating in a lens system can be an important mechanism for mitigating oblique spherical aberration. The control of oblique spherical aberration is illustrated with a double Gauss lens, with lenses for microlithography, and with a lens for mobile phones.
{"title":"Teaching lens design: characteristics and control of oblique spherical aberration","authors":"José Sasián","doi":"10.1117/1.oe.63.7.071402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.63.7.071402","url":null,"abstract":"We discuss oblique spherical aberration, its balance, and its control. Several ways to mitigate this aberration are listed and some lens design examples are presented. The variation of oblique spherical aberration as a function of index of refraction and the shape factor of a thin lens is also presented. It is argued that controlling the amount and distribution of spherical aberration propagating in a lens system can be an important mechanism for mitigating oblique spherical aberration. The control of oblique spherical aberration is illustrated with a double Gauss lens, with lenses for microlithography, and with a lens for mobile phones.","PeriodicalId":19561,"journal":{"name":"Optical Engineering","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139765430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1117/1.oe.63.7.071404
Kenneth A. Menard
This article introduces a streamlined method for ray-tracing Gaussian laser beams in optical systems, drawing from traditional matrix optics and J. A. Arnaud’s complex rays. It provides an intuitive tool for optical engineers, accommodating arbitrary initial beam curvatures and spot radii for versatile system analyses. Examples, including beam focusing, mode matching, and zoom lens systems, demonstrate its applicability. We present a user-friendly Microsoft Excel tool for simulations and optimization, along with a Python-coded 3D beam propagation model. This method enhances understanding and equips professionals with practical tools for various optical configurations. This work also explores the application to 3D virtual reality.
本文借鉴传统矩阵光学和 J. A. Arnaud 的复合射线，介绍了一种用于光学系统中高斯激光光束光线跟踪的简化方法。它为光学工程师提供了一种直观的工具，能适应任意的初始光束曲率和光斑半径，从而进行多种系统分析。包括光束聚焦、模式匹配和变焦镜头系统在内的示例都证明了它的适用性。我们为模拟和优化提供了一个用户友好型 Microsoft Excel 工具，以及一个 Python 编码的三维光束传播模型。这种方法增强了对各种光学配置的理解，并为专业人员提供了实用工具。这项工作还探索了三维虚拟现实的应用。
{"title":"Ray tracing Gaussian beam optical systems","authors":"Kenneth A. Menard","doi":"10.1117/1.oe.63.7.071404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.63.7.071404","url":null,"abstract":"This article introduces a streamlined method for ray-tracing Gaussian laser beams in optical systems, drawing from traditional matrix optics and J. A. Arnaud’s complex rays. It provides an intuitive tool for optical engineers, accommodating arbitrary initial beam curvatures and spot radii for versatile system analyses. Examples, including beam focusing, mode matching, and zoom lens systems, demonstrate its applicability. We present a user-friendly Microsoft Excel tool for simulations and optimization, along with a Python-coded 3D beam propagation model. This method enhances understanding and equips professionals with practical tools for various optical configurations. This work also explores the application to 3D virtual reality.","PeriodicalId":19561,"journal":{"name":"Optical Engineering","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139909779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-11DOI: 10.1117/1.oe.63.1.014104
Safa Othmani, Imen Daldoul, Noureddine Chaaben, Jean Paul Salvestrini
{"title":"Analysis and simulation of the in-situ time-resolved reflectivity recorded during the growth of GaN on GaAs (110) substrate","authors":"Safa Othmani, Imen Daldoul, Noureddine Chaaben, Jean Paul Salvestrini","doi":"10.1117/1.oe.63.1.014104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.63.1.014104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19561,"journal":{"name":"Optical Engineering","volume":"7 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139438861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-10DOI: 10.1117/1.oe.63.1.015101
Richard Cavanaugh, Emily Chau, Patrick Leslie, Lindsey Wiley, Eddie Jacobs, Kyle Renshaw, Ronald G. Driggers, Joseph Conroy
{"title":"Cell tower contrast in the visible, short-wave infrared, and long-wave infrared bands","authors":"Richard Cavanaugh, Emily Chau, Patrick Leslie, Lindsey Wiley, Eddie Jacobs, Kyle Renshaw, Ronald G. Driggers, Joseph Conroy","doi":"10.1117/1.oe.63.1.015101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.63.1.015101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19561,"journal":{"name":"Optical Engineering","volume":"4 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139440033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-10DOI: 10.1117/1.oe.63.1.014103
Zhao Cui, Xue Wang, HaoJie Li, Xingguang Qian, Hao-Qi Shi, ZongJin Ye, RuiHong Gao, Jianjun Jia, Yikun Wang, JianYu Wang
{"title":"Research and analysis of a laser pointing jitter noise suppression system more compatible with space gravitational wave detection","authors":"Zhao Cui, Xue Wang, HaoJie Li, Xingguang Qian, Hao-Qi Shi, ZongJin Ye, RuiHong Gao, Jianjun Jia, Yikun Wang, JianYu Wang","doi":"10.1117/1.oe.63.1.014103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.63.1.014103","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19561,"journal":{"name":"Optical Engineering","volume":"10 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139439869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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