Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.17122/ogbus-2023-4-127-140
Rozana Z. Gumerova, T. V. Alushkina
Primary oil distillation units form the basis of all oil refineries; the quality and yield of the resulting fuel components, as well as raw materials for secondary and other oil refining processes, depend on their operation. Many Atmospheric Vacuum Tubing (AVT) plants are characterized by low recovery of heavy vacuum gas oil. Insufficient selection of heavy vacuum gas oil production leads to a high yield of vacuum residue - tar, which reduces the volume of oil refining in general.The article analyzes ways to improve the process of vacuum distillation of fuel oil at CDU/AVT primary oil distillation units, and searches for ways to increase the efficiency of already built CDU/AVT plants by increasing the selection of heavy vacuum gas oil. Options for technical re-equipment are presented to improve the technical and economic efficiency of atmospheric-vacuum tubing plants with the maximum use of the best achievements in this area and the maximum possible selection of heavy vacuum gas oil at existing primary oil distillation units. The schemes of intensification during vacuum distillation by the method of fractionation of hydrocarbon raw materials by exposing it to electromagnetic oscillations, by the method of gas oil cryolysis. Besides, the schemes of fuel oil distillation according to a two-column scheme and the rectification of half-tar in an additional vacuum column are considered. The main features in the technological design of the process, as well as the features of installation operation, are noted. The proposed schemes make it possible to obtain high-quality feedstock for catalytic cracking and hydrocracking with a high recovery of vacuum gas oil.
{"title":"IMPROVEMENT OF FUEL OIL VACUUM RECTIFICATION PROCESS","authors":"Rozana Z. Gumerova, T. V. Alushkina","doi":"10.17122/ogbus-2023-4-127-140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2023-4-127-140","url":null,"abstract":"Primary oil distillation units form the basis of all oil refineries; the quality and yield of the resulting fuel components, as well as raw materials for secondary and other oil refining processes, depend on their operation. Many Atmospheric Vacuum Tubing (AVT) plants are characterized by low recovery of heavy vacuum gas oil. Insufficient selection of heavy vacuum gas oil production leads to a high yield of vacuum residue - tar, which reduces the volume of oil refining in general.The article analyzes ways to improve the process of vacuum distillation of fuel oil at CDU/AVT primary oil distillation units, and searches for ways to increase the efficiency of already built CDU/AVT plants by increasing the selection of heavy vacuum gas oil. Options for technical re-equipment are presented to improve the technical and economic efficiency of atmospheric-vacuum tubing plants with the maximum use of the best achievements in this area and the maximum possible selection of heavy vacuum gas oil at existing primary oil distillation units. The schemes of intensification during vacuum distillation by the method of fractionation of hydrocarbon raw materials by exposing it to electromagnetic oscillations, by the method of gas oil cryolysis. Besides, the schemes of fuel oil distillation according to a two-column scheme and the rectification of half-tar in an additional vacuum column are considered. The main features in the technological design of the process, as well as the features of installation operation, are noted. The proposed schemes make it possible to obtain high-quality feedstock for catalytic cracking and hydrocracking with a high recovery of vacuum gas oil.","PeriodicalId":19570,"journal":{"name":"Oil and Gas Business","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139339991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-125-157
S. V. Akulov, Y. Sinitsina, Evdokim A. Kuznetsov, A. V. Kurochkin, Alena G. Chirkova, N. Rudnev
Liquefaction technologies of natural gas using a mixed refrigerant cycle provide a high liquefaction coefficient at low specific energy consumption, but are characterized by high requirements for the organization of production. There is no methodology for simultaneous optimization of the technical and economic parameters for the production process of liquefied natural gas and the composition of the refrigerant in publications, and therefore a combined optimization criterion is needed to achieve the minimum cost of liquefied natural gas. The aim of the work is to determine optimal pressure for natural gas inlet compression, taking into account the minimization of the complex criterion – the conditionally variable part of the cost of liquefied natural gas. The results were obtained using an applied calculation program, and the method of differential evolution was chosen as an optimization method. The optimization was carried out using the OCMR PEGAZ 1.0 program. The article considers the influence of the discharge pressure of the low-pressure natural gas inlet compressor on the technical characteristics of heat exchange equipment, the energy efficiency of the liquefaction process and the economic characteristics of a low-tonnage liquefied natural gas production plant under conditions of optimized composition and flow rate of mixed refrigerant. A method of optimizing process parameters taking into account economic indicators is proposed, regularities of changes in the optimal composition of mixed refrigerant depending on the discharge pressure of the natural gas inlet compressor are determined. It is determined that with an increase in the discharge pressure of the natural gas inlet compressor, the optimal content of components in the mixed refrigerant changes as follows: methane and n-pentane decrease, and ethane and isobutane increase. It is shown that the optimal discharge pressure range of the natural gas inlet compressor is 6,0±0,5 MPag, which leads to the best total energy efficiency of inlet compression and circulation of mixed refrigerant, equal to 0,25 kWh/kg of LNG, and its cost is minimal. The assessment of capital costs at this pressure will allow choosing the optimal technology of natural gas liquefaction at the FEED stage, which will reduce the cost of production of liquefied natural gas and reduce the payback period to 5 years.
{"title":"OPTIMIZATION OF TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC PARAMETERS FOR THE NATURAL GAS LIQUEFACTION PROCESS AT A LOW-TONNAGE UNIT WITH A MIXED REFRIGERANT","authors":"S. V. Akulov, Y. Sinitsina, Evdokim A. Kuznetsov, A. V. Kurochkin, Alena G. Chirkova, N. Rudnev","doi":"10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-125-157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-125-157","url":null,"abstract":"Liquefaction technologies of natural gas using a mixed refrigerant cycle provide a high liquefaction coefficient at low specific energy consumption, but are characterized by high requirements for the organization of production. There is no methodology for simultaneous optimization of the technical and economic parameters for the production process of liquefied natural gas and the composition of the refrigerant in publications, and therefore a combined optimization criterion is needed to achieve the minimum cost of liquefied natural gas. The aim of the work is to determine optimal pressure for natural gas inlet compression, taking into account the minimization of the complex criterion – the conditionally variable part of the cost of liquefied natural gas. The results were obtained using an applied calculation program, and the method of differential evolution was chosen as an optimization method. The optimization was carried out using the OCMR PEGAZ 1.0 program. The article considers the influence of the discharge pressure of the low-pressure natural gas inlet compressor on the technical characteristics of heat exchange equipment, the energy efficiency of the liquefaction process and the economic characteristics of a low-tonnage liquefied natural gas production plant under conditions of optimized composition and flow rate of mixed refrigerant. A method of optimizing process parameters taking into account economic indicators is proposed, regularities of changes in the optimal composition of mixed refrigerant depending on the discharge pressure of the natural gas inlet compressor are determined. It is determined that with an increase in the discharge pressure of the natural gas inlet compressor, the optimal content of components in the mixed refrigerant changes as follows: methane and n-pentane decrease, and ethane and isobutane increase. It is shown that the optimal discharge pressure range of the natural gas inlet compressor is 6,0±0,5 MPag, which leads to the best total energy efficiency of inlet compression and circulation of mixed refrigerant, equal to 0,25 kWh/kg of LNG, and its cost is minimal. The assessment of capital costs at this pressure will allow choosing the optimal technology of natural gas liquefaction at the FEED stage, which will reduce the cost of production of liquefied natural gas and reduce the payback period to 5 years.","PeriodicalId":19570,"journal":{"name":"Oil and Gas Business","volume":"1980 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90308545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-34-46
A. Gazizov, E. A. Akhmetova
Based on the regulatory documentation: Letter of the Federal State Budgetary Institution VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia dated 01.10.2019 No. 1653-1-29-11-2 “On clarification of fire safety requirements”, “Methods and means of fire protection of wood. Guide” (FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia 08.06.2011), GOST 16363-98, GOST R 53292-2009, the concept, methods (constructive fire protection, impregnation treatment, paint and varnish treatment) and means of wood fire protection are considered. It is noted that today one of the innovative ways of fire protection of wood is the treatment with paints and varnishes. The peculiarity of this method lies in the fact that even multiple coatings according to the application technology with such compositions after drying creates a protective layer of small thickness, two groups of fire-retardant efficiency are also considered in the work: Group I is hard-to-burn wood; Group II – flame-retardant wood.
根据监管文件:俄罗斯联邦国家预算机构VNIIPO EMERCOM于2019年10月1日第1653-1-29-11-2号“关于澄清消防安全要求”，“木材防火的方法和手段”。指南”(FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia 08.06.2011)， GOST 16363-98, GOST R 53292-2009，概念，方法(建设性防火，浸透处理，油漆和清漆处理)和木材防火手段进行了考虑。值得注意的是，今天木材防火的创新方法之一是用油漆和清漆处理。该方法的独特之处在于，即使根据应用技术使用该组合物在干燥后也会产生小厚度的保护层，工作中还考虑了两组阻燃效率:第一类是难燃木材;II组—阻燃木材。
{"title":"FIRE PROTECTION OF WOOD","authors":"A. Gazizov, E. A. Akhmetova","doi":"10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-34-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-34-46","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the regulatory documentation: Letter of the Federal State Budgetary Institution VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia dated 01.10.2019 No. 1653-1-29-11-2 “On clarification of fire safety requirements”, “Methods and means of fire protection of wood. Guide” (FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia 08.06.2011), GOST 16363-98, GOST R 53292-2009, the concept, methods (constructive fire protection, impregnation treatment, paint and varnish treatment) and means of wood fire protection are considered. It is noted that today one of the innovative ways of fire protection of wood is the treatment with paints and varnishes. The peculiarity of this method lies in the fact that even multiple coatings according to the application technology with such compositions after drying creates a protective layer of small thickness, two groups of fire-retardant efficiency are also considered in the work: Group I is hard-to-burn wood; Group II – flame-retardant wood.","PeriodicalId":19570,"journal":{"name":"Oil and Gas Business","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86107051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-174-194
I. Mustafin, A. R. Khanov, A. F. Akhmetov, R. Bakhtizin, Clara E. Stankevich
The article presents the results of a study of hydrocatalytic processing of two fuel oils in the presence of nanocatalytic systems in the form of oil-soluble precursors based on nickel and zinc. The process was carried out on a pilot plant for hydroprocessing with a flow reactor at a temperature of 440 ℃, a hydrogen pressure of 6 MPa, a feed space velocity of 1.0 s-1, and a hydrogen circulation ratio of 1000 nl/l. The catalyst efficiency was evaluated by changes in the material balance, in hydrogenate desulfurization degree, in 450+ °C fraction conversion degree, and by changes in density and hydrogenate refractive index. An analysis of material balances showed that the addition of nanocatalyst precursors increases the 180–350 °C fraction yield, reduces the coke yield on the fixed layer, which is a layer of ceramic balls, and reduces the 450+ °C residual fraction yield. The gas and gasoline fraction yield is slightly reduced. The analysis of hydrogenates showed a decrease in sulfur content, a decrease in density and refractive index in hydrogenates obtained during the hydroprocessing of raw materials with the addition of nanocatalyst precursors. The optimal concentrations of catalysts were experimentally determined; for nickel, the concentration is 0.1 wt %, and for zinc is 0.15 wt %. A comparison of two methods for the synthesis of nanoscale catalytic systems in raw materials was made: directly in the reaction zone in situ and outside the reaction zone ex situ. The method for synthesizing nanoscale catalytic systems outside the reaction zone makes it possible to further increase the feedstock conversion, the hydrogenate desulfurization degree, and the hydrogenate quality.
{"title":"HYDROCATALYTIC PROCESSING OF FUEL OILS WITH THE USE OF NANOCATALYSTS BASED ON NICKEL AND ZINC","authors":"I. Mustafin, A. R. Khanov, A. F. Akhmetov, R. Bakhtizin, Clara E. Stankevich","doi":"10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-174-194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-174-194","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of a study of hydrocatalytic processing of two fuel oils in the presence of nanocatalytic systems in the form of oil-soluble precursors based on nickel and zinc. The process was carried out on a pilot plant for hydroprocessing with a flow reactor at a temperature of 440 ℃, a hydrogen pressure of 6 MPa, a feed space velocity of 1.0 s-1, and a hydrogen circulation ratio of 1000 nl/l. The catalyst efficiency was evaluated by changes in the material balance, in hydrogenate desulfurization degree, in 450+ °C fraction conversion degree, and by changes in density and hydrogenate refractive index. An analysis of material balances showed that the addition of nanocatalyst precursors increases the 180–350 °C fraction yield, reduces the coke yield on the fixed layer, which is a layer of ceramic balls, and reduces the 450+ °C residual fraction yield. The gas and gasoline fraction yield is slightly reduced. The analysis of hydrogenates showed a decrease in sulfur content, a decrease in density and refractive index in hydrogenates obtained during the hydroprocessing of raw materials with the addition of nanocatalyst precursors. The optimal concentrations of catalysts were experimentally determined; for nickel, the concentration is 0.1 wt %, and for zinc is 0.15 wt %. A comparison of two methods for the synthesis of nanoscale catalytic systems in raw materials was made: directly in the reaction zone in situ and outside the reaction zone ex situ. The method for synthesizing nanoscale catalytic systems outside the reaction zone makes it possible to further increase the feedstock conversion, the hydrogenate desulfurization degree, and the hydrogenate quality.","PeriodicalId":19570,"journal":{"name":"Oil and Gas Business","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85502102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-47-92
Dmitry A. Lunin, Dmitry A. Minchenko, A. B. Noskov, I. G. Klyushin, Ilnar I. Bikaev, Dmitry I. Maltsev, Nail A. Galiev, A. Markin, V. E. Tkacheva, I. V. Valekzhanin
The article describes the results of operation of downhole equipment in hydrogen sulfide-containing media in relation to local and corrosion-mechanical failures. Useful life (without anti-corrosion protection) for most common manganese steel tubing before the appearance of through fracture was shown. The minimum concentrations of H2S and CO2 in the water phase for wellhead sample are shown when determining the degree of corrosivity of well media and types of corrosion depending on their concentration, in relation to carbon and low-alloy steels. The corrosion-mechanical destructions the downhole equipment were visualized according to GOST 53679. The necessity of taking into account the tendency of stainless steel grade 40Х13 (foreign analogue in the USA is AISI 420) of intersection splined couplings and shafts of an electric centrifugal pump unit made of steel grade 05Х16Н4Д2Б (foreign analogue is not defined) to hydrogen embrittlement as a result of exposure to acidic compositions (12–15 % HCl), used in technological operations, is shown. Practical solutions are proposed for tubing resistant to local and corrosion-mechanical failures (by steel grades and strength groups) based on the proposals of a domestic manufacturer. Two main factors are shown that reduce the service life of tubing and couplings to them to one year. Four polymorphic forms of iron sulfide (the main products of hydrogen sulfide (H2S-) and mixed (CO2 + H2S) corrosion), the conditions for their formation and the maximum rate of local corrosion, up to a through ulcer, under sulfide deposits, were identified. The statistics of tubing by steel grades and the percentage of their use in the fields operated by the Company are shown.
{"title":"FIELD EXPERIENCE OF DOWNHOLE EQUIPMENT OPERATION IN HYDROGEN SULFIDE-CONTAINING ENVIRONMENTS","authors":"Dmitry A. Lunin, Dmitry A. Minchenko, A. B. Noskov, I. G. Klyushin, Ilnar I. Bikaev, Dmitry I. Maltsev, Nail A. Galiev, A. Markin, V. E. Tkacheva, I. V. Valekzhanin","doi":"10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-47-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-47-92","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the results of operation of downhole equipment in hydrogen sulfide-containing media in relation to local and corrosion-mechanical failures. Useful life (without anti-corrosion protection) for most common manganese steel tubing before the appearance of through fracture was shown. The minimum concentrations of H2S and CO2 in the water phase for wellhead sample are shown when determining the degree of corrosivity of well media and types of corrosion depending on their concentration, in relation to carbon and low-alloy steels. The corrosion-mechanical destructions the downhole equipment were visualized according to GOST 53679. The necessity of taking into account the tendency of stainless steel grade 40Х13 (foreign analogue in the USA is AISI 420) of intersection splined couplings and shafts of an electric centrifugal pump unit made of steel grade 05Х16Н4Д2Б (foreign analogue is not defined) to hydrogen embrittlement as a result of exposure to acidic compositions (12–15 % HCl), used in technological operations, is shown. Practical solutions are proposed for tubing resistant to local and corrosion-mechanical failures (by steel grades and strength groups) based on the proposals of a domestic manufacturer. Two main factors are shown that reduce the service life of tubing and couplings to them to one year. Four polymorphic forms of iron sulfide (the main products of hydrogen sulfide (H2S-) and mixed (CO2 + H2S) corrosion), the conditions for their formation and the maximum rate of local corrosion, up to a through ulcer, under sulfide deposits, were identified. The statistics of tubing by steel grades and the percentage of their use in the fields operated by the Company are shown.","PeriodicalId":19570,"journal":{"name":"Oil and Gas Business","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77828623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-93-124
Albina Maskova, R. Z. Shayakhmetov, A. Aminova, Yana M. Klyavlina, A. Mazitova
The importance of returning production and consumption waste into circulation is obvious, both in terms of environmental safety and economic feasibility. The cyclicality of resources is one of the main elements of the concept of a circular economy, the expediency of which is generally recognized today. The processing of various waste fractions differs significantly in terms of energy saving and profitability relative to the production of primary material and the complexity of technological processes. Composting is a natural process of decomposition of organic matter. Compost has no phytotoxic and pathogenic properties, it is characterized by the presence of humic acids. Composting involves reducing the volume of waste, which allows solving environmental problems associated with the accumulation of waste, turning them into a safer product used as an organic fertilizer. Composts are used to increase crop productivity, increase soil fertility, add additional nutrients to the soil, increase plant growth, and suppress diseases caused by soil pathogen. Composting is one of the most effective methods for reducing the toxicity of biodegradable organic matter. The decrease in toxicity is associated with the decomposition of organic pollutants, the mineralization of the substrate, and processes that limit their availability.
{"title":"REDUCED CARBON FOOTPRINT THROUGH TARGETED RECYCLING","authors":"Albina Maskova, R. Z. Shayakhmetov, A. Aminova, Yana M. Klyavlina, A. Mazitova","doi":"10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-93-124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-93-124","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of returning production and consumption waste into circulation is obvious, both in terms of environmental safety and economic feasibility. The cyclicality of resources is one of the main elements of the concept of a circular economy, the expediency of which is generally recognized today. The processing of various waste fractions differs significantly in terms of energy saving and profitability relative to the production of primary material and the complexity of technological processes. Composting is a natural process of decomposition of organic matter. Compost has no phytotoxic and pathogenic properties, it is characterized by the presence of humic acids. Composting involves reducing the volume of waste, which allows solving environmental problems associated with the accumulation of waste, turning them into a safer product used as an organic fertilizer. Composts are used to increase crop productivity, increase soil fertility, add additional nutrients to the soil, increase plant growth, and suppress diseases caused by soil pathogen. Composting is one of the most effective methods for reducing the toxicity of biodegradable organic matter. The decrease in toxicity is associated with the decomposition of organic pollutants, the mineralization of the substrate, and processes that limit their availability.","PeriodicalId":19570,"journal":{"name":"Oil and Gas Business","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76381713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-195-214
F. B. Shevlyakov, Karina R. Kildibekova, Nikita V. Terechshenko, Ivan S. Litvyakov, A. B. Samarkina
Isoprene is a basic monomer in the petrochemical industry. It is used in the synthetic rubber production for the manufacture of rubber products for the electrical, aviation and engineering industries, for the manufacture of food and medical products. In the Republic of Bashkortostan, Sintez-Kauchuk OJSC (Sterlitamak) produces isoprene by the two-stage dehydrogenation of isopentane with an annual product output of hundreds of thousands of tons. The disadvantage of this technology for producing isoprene is the significant content of impurities in raw isoprene, which seriously affect the kinetics of polymerization and the quality of the final product. Of all the impurities present in the monomer, cyclopentadiene is the most detrimental to the stereoregular polymerization process. Its content in isoprene should not exceed 0.0001 % wt. Due to the urgency of the problem, a technical solution was developed to remove cyclopentadiene impurities from monomers.Currently, there is a problem of accumulation of cyclopentadiene in the system of purification and treatment of isoprene at the operating production. The paper proposes to purify isoprene from cyclopentadiene before the stage of extractive distillation. This purification method allows to reduce the content of cyclopentadiene in the isoprene-isoamylene fraction from 0.10 % wt. to 0.00014 % wt, which reduces its concentration in all recycle flows of the isoprene isolation and purification system. To implement this solution, laboratory experiments were carried out to purify the isoamylene-isoprene fraction formed at the second stage of isopentane dehydrogenation. In order to assess the energy efficiency of the studied method for reducing cyclopentadiene, a computer model of the isoprene isolation and purification process was built in the Honeywell Unisim Design software environment.
{"title":"ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF ISOPRENE FROM CYCLOPENTADIENE","authors":"F. B. Shevlyakov, Karina R. Kildibekova, Nikita V. Terechshenko, Ivan S. Litvyakov, A. B. Samarkina","doi":"10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-195-214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-195-214","url":null,"abstract":"Isoprene is a basic monomer in the petrochemical industry. It is used in the synthetic rubber production for the manufacture of rubber products for the electrical, aviation and engineering industries, for the manufacture of food and medical products. In the Republic of Bashkortostan, Sintez-Kauchuk OJSC (Sterlitamak) produces isoprene by the two-stage dehydrogenation of isopentane with an annual product output of hundreds of thousands of tons. The disadvantage of this technology for producing isoprene is the significant content of impurities in raw isoprene, which seriously affect the kinetics of polymerization and the quality of the final product. Of all the impurities present in the monomer, cyclopentadiene is the most detrimental to the stereoregular polymerization process. Its content in isoprene should not exceed 0.0001 % wt. Due to the urgency of the problem, a technical solution was developed to remove cyclopentadiene impurities from monomers.Currently, there is a problem of accumulation of cyclopentadiene in the system of purification and treatment of isoprene at the operating production. The paper proposes to purify isoprene from cyclopentadiene before the stage of extractive distillation. This purification method allows to reduce the content of cyclopentadiene in the isoprene-isoamylene fraction from 0.10 % wt. to 0.00014 % wt, which reduces its concentration in all recycle flows of the isoprene isolation and purification system. To implement this solution, laboratory experiments were carried out to purify the isoamylene-isoprene fraction formed at the second stage of isopentane dehydrogenation. In order to assess the energy efficiency of the studied method for reducing cyclopentadiene, a computer model of the isoprene isolation and purification process was built in the Honeywell Unisim Design software environment.","PeriodicalId":19570,"journal":{"name":"Oil and Gas Business","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79157426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-20-33
S. Krasnoperova, E. N. Karimova, M. S. Antonov, M. G. Volkov
The article discusses the practical use of the PH-GEOSIM corporate software package in the educational process on the example of higher educational establishments. This complex was developed as part of import substitution in RN-BashNIPIneft LLC, the corporate institute of Rosneft. It is designed to build and maintain geological models of oil and gas fields, contains modern visualization tools that help the geologist-modeler in his work and display the components of the geological model in 1D (correlation scheme), 2D projections, 3D view. The RN-GEOSIM software package, which has all the necessary functionality for working with digital geological models, will allow students to develop general professional competencies of educational programs in accordance with their specialization at a basic and advanced level.
{"title":"APPLICATION OF THE RN-GEOSIM SOFTWARE PACKAGE IN HIGHER EDUCATION ESTABLISHMENTS","authors":"S. Krasnoperova, E. N. Karimova, M. S. Antonov, M. G. Volkov","doi":"10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-20-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-20-33","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the practical use of the PH-GEOSIM corporate software package in the educational process on the example of higher educational establishments. This complex was developed as part of import substitution in RN-BashNIPIneft LLC, the corporate institute of Rosneft. It is designed to build and maintain geological models of oil and gas fields, contains modern visualization tools that help the geologist-modeler in his work and display the components of the geological model in 1D (correlation scheme), 2D projections, 3D view. The RN-GEOSIM software package, which has all the necessary functionality for working with digital geological models, will allow students to develop general professional competencies of educational programs in accordance with their specialization at a basic and advanced level.","PeriodicalId":19570,"journal":{"name":"Oil and Gas Business","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91026999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-215-228
Nikita S. Vyakherev, Georgy M. Sidorov, Ekaterina Y. Zaykina
As it is known, bitumen producers face the problem of utilization of hydrocarbon vapors formed during the oxidation process. At type 19/3 installations, petroleum products and vaporous products condensed in a scrubber are pumped out in large quantities to the ELOU units to be involved in the process of re-refining or burned in afterburning furnaces together with the gas part. The existing methods of hydrocarbon vapor utilization are not economically efficient and harmful to the environment. This article describes a method of utilization of hydrocarbon vapors involving them in the of bitumen production process using a column-type scrubber as an oxidation reactor, and blowing itself as a plasticizing agent. A laboratory experiment was also carried out on a batch bitumen production unit to assess the possibility of using this method for raw materials obtained from a mixture of Arlan and West Siberian oils. The results obtained during the experiment showed that this method is effective for road bitumen production according to State Standard 33133-2014, and is also more environmentally friendly than the hydrocarbon vapors utilization method used at refineries at the moment.
{"title":"ON HYDROCARBON VAPOR UTILIZATION WHILE BITUMEN PRODUCTION","authors":"Nikita S. Vyakherev, Georgy M. Sidorov, Ekaterina Y. Zaykina","doi":"10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-215-228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-215-228","url":null,"abstract":"As it is known, bitumen producers face the problem of utilization of hydrocarbon vapors formed during the oxidation process. At type 19/3 installations, petroleum products and vaporous products condensed in a scrubber are pumped out in large quantities to the ELOU units to be involved in the process of re-refining or burned in afterburning furnaces together with the gas part. The existing methods of hydrocarbon vapor utilization are not economically efficient and harmful to the environment. This article describes a method of utilization of hydrocarbon vapors involving them in the of bitumen production process using a column-type scrubber as an oxidation reactor, and blowing itself as a plasticizing agent. A laboratory experiment was also carried out on a batch bitumen production unit to assess the possibility of using this method for raw materials obtained from a mixture of Arlan and West Siberian oils. The results obtained during the experiment showed that this method is effective for road bitumen production according to State Standard 33133-2014, and is also more environmentally friendly than the hydrocarbon vapors utilization method used at refineries at the moment.","PeriodicalId":19570,"journal":{"name":"Oil and Gas Business","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90306013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-158-173
V. Abbasov, T. Mammadova, Sh. Y. Aydinova, A. M. Mikayilova, Sana Ahmad, Hadzhar Ch. Aliyeva
Currently, special attention is paid to the environmental performance of fuels, because, the ever-increasing quantity of transport leads to an increase in the emission of harmful substances into the atmosphere. In particular, for the introduction of environmentally friendly technologies for the production of diesel fuels, first of all, it is necessary to obtain diesel fuel with a low content of sulfur, nitrogen and polycyclic aromatic compounds, which requires the processes of hydrotreating, hydrocracking and hydrodearomatization are carried out, which require significant economic costs. The presented article considers an alternative process for reducing the content of harmful substances, in particular aromatic compounds in the composition of diesel fuel. The process of dearomatization of the diesel fraction was carried out using N-methylpyrrolidone as an extractant at a ratio of extractant : diesel fraction 2:1 for 6 hours. The physicochemical properties of the dearomatized diesel fraction have been studied. In the resulting dearomatized diesel fraction, the sulfur content decreased to 0.0220%, and the content of aromatic compounds to 0%, in addition, the fractional composition is facilitated, the density and viscosity decrease. In order to replenish the resource of diesel fuel, oxygen-containing additives were added to the dearomatized diesel fraction - butyl esters of fatty acids of sunflower oil in an quantity of 5-10%, and the physicochemical properties of the resulting compounds were studied. It was revealed that the addition of butyl esters of fatty acids of sunflower oil to the composition of the dearomatized diesel fraction favorably affects the quality indicators of the obtained compounds. So, there is an increase in the flash point by 6°C and the cetane number by 4-5 points, and the sulfur content decreases to 0.0198%. In addition, the diameter of the wear scar decreases by about 2 times and for a 5% compound it is 0.430 mm, and for a 10% compound it is 0.370 mm, which meets the modern requirements of the standard. Thus, obtaining environmentally friendly diesel fuel is possible by dearomatization of the diesel fraction with the subsequent addition of butyl esters of fatty acids of sunflower oil, which can be recommended as a multifunctional additive to diesel fuels.
目前，人们特别关注燃料的环境性能，因为运输量的不断增加导致有害物质排放到大气中。特别是引入环保技术生产柴油燃料，首先需要获得低硫、低氮、低多环芳香族化合物含量的柴油，这就需要进行加氢处理、加氢裂化、加氢脱芳等工艺，这需要很大的经济成本。提出的文章考虑了一种替代工艺，以减少有害物质的含量，特别是芳香族化合物在柴油燃料的组成。以n -甲基吡咯烷酮为萃取剂，萃取剂与柴油馏分的比例为2:1，持续6小时对柴油馏分进行脱芳。对脱芳柴油馏分的理化性质进行了研究。所得脱芳柴油馏分中，硫含量降至0.0220%，芳香族化合物含量降至0%，且馏分组成方便，密度和粘度降低。为了补充柴油资源，在葵花籽油脂肪酸丁酯脱芳柴油馏分中添加了5 ~ 10%的含氧添加剂，并对所得化合物的理化性质进行了研究。结果表明，葵花籽油脂肪酸丁酯加入到脱芳柴油馏分中，对所得化合物的质量指标有良好的影响。因此，闪点提高6℃，十六烷值提高4-5点，硫含量降低到0.0198%。此外，磨损疤痕的直径减小了约2倍，5%的化合物为0.430 mm, 10%的化合物为0.370 mm，满足现代标准的要求。因此，通过对柴油馏分进行脱芳化，随后加入葵花籽油脂肪酸丁酯，可以获得环保柴油，这可以作为柴油燃料的多功能添加剂推荐使用。
{"title":"PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY DIESEL FUEL BASED ON DEAROMATIZED DIESEL FRACTION AND BUTYL ESTERS OF FATTY ACIDS OF SUNFLOWER OIL","authors":"V. Abbasov, T. Mammadova, Sh. Y. Aydinova, A. M. Mikayilova, Sana Ahmad, Hadzhar Ch. Aliyeva","doi":"10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-158-173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2023-3-158-173","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, special attention is paid to the environmental performance of fuels, because, the ever-increasing quantity of transport leads to an increase in the emission of harmful substances into the atmosphere. In particular, for the introduction of environmentally friendly technologies for the production of diesel fuels, first of all, it is necessary to obtain diesel fuel with a low content of sulfur, nitrogen and polycyclic aromatic compounds, which requires the processes of hydrotreating, hydrocracking and hydrodearomatization are carried out, which require significant economic costs. The presented article considers an alternative process for reducing the content of harmful substances, in particular aromatic compounds in the composition of diesel fuel. The process of dearomatization of the diesel fraction was carried out using N-methylpyrrolidone as an extractant at a ratio of extractant : diesel fraction 2:1 for 6 hours. The physicochemical properties of the dearomatized diesel fraction have been studied. In the resulting dearomatized diesel fraction, the sulfur content decreased to 0.0220%, and the content of aromatic compounds to 0%, in addition, the fractional composition is facilitated, the density and viscosity decrease. In order to replenish the resource of diesel fuel, oxygen-containing additives were added to the dearomatized diesel fraction - butyl esters of fatty acids of sunflower oil in an quantity of 5-10%, and the physicochemical properties of the resulting compounds were studied. It was revealed that the addition of butyl esters of fatty acids of sunflower oil to the composition of the dearomatized diesel fraction favorably affects the quality indicators of the obtained compounds. So, there is an increase in the flash point by 6°C and the cetane number by 4-5 points, and the sulfur content decreases to 0.0198%. In addition, the diameter of the wear scar decreases by about 2 times and for a 5% compound it is 0.430 mm, and for a 10% compound it is 0.370 mm, which meets the modern requirements of the standard. Thus, obtaining environmentally friendly diesel fuel is possible by dearomatization of the diesel fraction with the subsequent addition of butyl esters of fatty acids of sunflower oil, which can be recommended as a multifunctional additive to diesel fuels.","PeriodicalId":19570,"journal":{"name":"Oil and Gas Business","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83838684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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