Oral diseases最新文献

Background: Our investigation sought to uncover the intrinsic features of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC), particularly the role of long non-coding RNAs implicated in disulfidptosis (DRLs).

Materials and methods: We carried out lncRNA-mRNA RNA-Seq studies on HNSCC cells and harnessed the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), which includes 522 HNSCC tumors and 44 normal specimens. Bioinformatics evaluations aided in recognizing DRLs and estimating their prognostic value. Furthermore, we built a predictive model related to the chosen DRLs to scrutinize its linkage with the patients' prognosis. We also dug into tumor mutation loads and responses to chemotherapy.

Results: Our study identified three key DRLs (LINC02434, AC245041.2, and LINC02762) with considerable correlation to HNSCC prognosis. The risk model, utilizing these DRLs, successfully categorized patients into high-risk and low-risk clusters, uncovering differential survival trajectories. Moreover, the same risk model conveyed unique prognostic potential in HNSCC. Surveying the tumor microenvironment unfolded disparities between the groups, hinting toward potential implications for tactics in immunotherapy. We recognized distinct chemotherapeutic drugs with fluctuating responses across the risk clusters and molecular categories.

Conclusion: This investigation not only sheds light on prospective therapeutic pathways but also enhances our grasp of the molecular intricacies of HNSCC.

Background and objectives: Pulse granuloma (PG), or giant cell hyaline angiopathy, is an immune-mediated reaction often following the implantation of plant-derived food particles. PGs are primarily found in the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract and may represent a histopathological pitfall, being mistaken for other granulomatous conditions or tumors. This study is the first to compare oral to extraoral PGs, aiming to clarify the "hyaline angiopathy" seen in PGs by developing a detailed histochemical and immunohistochemical profile of oral and colonic PGs.

Methods: A computer search of 135,972 surgical pathology cases was conducted. PG histopathological slides, along with demographic and clinical data, were reviewed. Stains including Congo red, Masson trichrome, PAS, and immunostains CD31, ERG, and D2-40 were applied.

Results: Sixteen cases (11 oral, 5 extraoral) were identified, ranging from 7 to 81 years of age. Oral PGs were linked to odontogenic cysts, while extraoral PGs were associated with intestinal inflammation and perforation. Angiolymphatic marker expression was limited to the inflamed connective tissue surrounding PG.

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that PGs reflect a granulomatous response to edible components and support surgical excision. The absence of vascular markers indicates that the term "angiopathy" is misleading, proposing that these "wormy" structures are fibrocollagenous responses.

Objective: To compare the clinicopathological characteristics and survival of two cohorts of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) from Spain and Colombia.

Methods: Clinicopathological and survival variables of patients with OSCC from six maxillofacial surgery departments in Spain and Colombia were retrospectively reviewed. Variables were compared according to country of origin.

Results: We included 649 patients, 359 from Spain and 290 from Colombia. The Colombian cohort was younger, drank more alcohol, had less comorbidities, and reported a greater mean number of days both from symptoms to diagnosis and from then to treatment, which was ∼2.5 times longer in the Colombian cohort. Colombian patients were diagnosed at a more advanced stage. The treatment of choice was resective surgery. In the Colombian cohort, more patients received radio and chemotherapy together with surgery. Second primary tumors and recurrences were more frequent in the Colombian sample (7.2% vs. 2.8%; p = 0.008) and in the Spanish cohort (32% vs. 23.1%; p = 0.012), respectively. Overall survival was similar between the two samples (HR = 1.15; 95% CI = 0.93-1.42; p = 0.195) and disease-specific survival was worse in the Colombian one (HR = 1.30; 95% CI = 1.03-1.65; p = 0.027).

Conclusions: There were epidemiological differences between patients with OSCC in both cohorts and a longer delay in diagnosis and treatment in the Colombian sample.

Objective: The study evaluates the efficacy of ¹⁸F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose FDG PET/CT in predicting outcomes in patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma receiving neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy.

Methods: In this prospective study, we compared the parameters of 63 patients with LA-HNSCC who underwent ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT before neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy, divided into responders (47) and non-responders (16), after three cycles of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy. The ratio of the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the primary tumor to the SUVmean of the normal tissue (muscle and blood) was recorded as the target background ratio (TBR muscle and TBR blood).

Results: The SUVmean and TBRblood of the primary tumor were significantly lower in the responding group than in the non-responding group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis identified SUVmean (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.931, p = 0.001) and TBRblood (AUC = 0.894, p = 0.001) as significant predictors of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy efficacy. The study found that SUVmean, TBRblood, age, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scores significantly correlated with short-term efficacy, while SUVmean was an independent predictor.

Conclusion: In ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT scans, higher baseline SUVmean and TBRblood were associated with a poor short-term response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with LA-HNSCC.

Objectives: This study aims to explore the patients' experiences with oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) to identify associated clinical challenges and informational needs.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews, guided by a topic outline, addressed disease-specific information, investigative procedures, treatments, impacts on quality of life, healthcare systems and information sources. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis.

Results: A total of 30 individuals participated in the study. Four primary themes were identified: delays in diagnosis, knowledge about OED, the psychological impact of the disease and patient education.

Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first qualitative study to explore the lived experiences of patients with OED. It highlights significant challenges, including accessing appropriate medical services, delays in diagnosis, physical and psychological burdens and the need for better education. Positive experiences were noted when patients received care from knowledgeable clinicians who provided consistent education and effective communication. The findings of this study may guide the future development of measurement tools on the outcome measures of individuals with OED.

Objectives: The priming mechanism of adaptive immunity in oral mucositis remains unclarified. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of oral lichen planus (OLP), with a specific focus on the role of inducible tertiary lymphoid structures (iTLSs) and stromal-immune microenvironments within OLP.

Materials and methods: We employed single-cell RNA sequencing and multiplex immunofluorescence staining to characterize the spatial characteristics and transcriptional signature of iTLSs in OLP. To investigate whether the presence of iTLSs influences the disease severity of OLP, we retrospectively collected clinical data from OLP patients.

Results: Based on single-cell resolution analysis, we identified distinct cellular compositions and fibroblast-immune cells interactions within the iTLSs of OLP. We highlighted the critical role of CCL19⁺ fibroblasts in T-cell chemotaxis, promoting the development of iTLSs. Lymphotoxin was demonstrated to activate fibroblasts expressing CCL19. We revealed a significant correlation between the presence of iTLSs and increased severity of OLP, marked by more atrophic-erosive forms and higher disease scores in patients with iTLSs.

Conclusions: The present research proposed the fibroblast-immune cell interactions within iTLSs as essential factors in OLP's inflammatory milieu, indicating iTLSs as the priming structure of T-cell immunity in the local oral mucosa.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the radiographic depth of the periodontal bone defect, as well as clinical and histological outcomes, between the proposed ligated defect model and the current non-ligated defect model, which often heals spontaneously and fails to replicate the complexities of periodontitis.

Methods: The proposed model combined osteotomy to create controlled periodontal bone defects (depth of 1.5 mm) and ligature placement around the cervical region of the maxillary first molar to induce inflammation. Micro-CT analysis, clinical examinations, histological evaluations, and quantitative PCR were conducted to assess defect morphology, healing, and inflammatory marker expression over 6 weeks, compared with the non-ligated defect group, sham surgery group, and control.

Results: Bone defect in the ligated defect group remained unhealed after surgery (1.525 ± 0.068 mm in depth at 2 weeks and 1.543 ± 0.082 mm at 6 weeks), with inflammatory cell infiltration and elevated expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, contrasting with observed healing from 1.328 ± 0.075 mm (2 weeks) to 0.593 ± 0.118 mm (6 weeks) in the non-ligated defect group.

Conclusions: This model not only simulates the pathological features of periodontitis but also provides a reliable platform for testing innovative regenerative strategies and could lead to the development of specialized models for other periodontal conditions.

Objectives: The option is rare for patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC) failed to prior-line immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and cetuximab-based treatment. The efficacy of salvage therapy was unsatisfied.

Materials and methods: We collected the clinical data of R/M HNSCC patients progressed from prior-line immunotherapy and cetuximab therapy, and retrospectively analyzed the efficacy and toxicity of anlotinib-based therapy in these patients.

Results: In total, 24 eligible participants were accrued between October 2021 and November 2024. Up to the cutoff time of November 1st, 2024, the objective response rate was 37.5%. Survival analysis revealed the median progression-free survival and overall survival was 4.27 months (95% CI, 1.53-7.01 months) and 8.67 months (95% CI, 5.62-11.72 months), respectively. For the safety, most common TRAEs with any grades were hypertension, hand-foot syndrome, gastrointestinal response, hemorrhage, hepatic dysfunction, and fatigue. Grade 3 or more TRAEs were observed in 3 (12.5%) patients, and no Grade 5 TRAEs were occurred.

Conclusions: Our observations indicated that anlotinib-based therapy had considerable efficacy and well tolerance in R/M HNSCC patients failed to ICIs and cetuximab-based therapy, and might be acted as a novel and potentially effective option in later-line treatment of R/M HNSCC.

Background: Despite evidence suggesting a potential correlation between intestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) with periodontitis (PD), there is a lack of comprehensive systematic reviews and meta-analyses to consolidate these findings.

Methods: This study investigates studies published until December 31, 2023, in reputable databases such as PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The statistical analysis was conducted using Review Manager Version 5.4, calculating odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) based on the selected research papers, utilizing a fixed-effects model.

Results: It demonstrates a significant increase in the risk of PD among patients with IBD, as indicated by an OR of 2.11 (95% CI: 1.80-2.49). Further analysis revealed elevated risks of PD for both Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), with respective ORs of 1.96 (95% CI: 1.69-2.26) and 2.14 (95% CI: 1.85-2.47). A direct association was observed between CRC and PD, suggesting a 20% higher risk of PD in patients with CRC (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.06-1.36).

Conclusion: Our meta-analysis highlights the potential role of PD in managing systemic conditions like IBD and CRC.