Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2558
C. D. Castro, C. Gonçalves, V. Loges, A. Tavares, Fábio de Barros, A. Castro
Abstract Among the species of the Zingiberaceae family, ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is the best known and studied species, with several reported ornamental, medicinal, and culinary properties. Many ornamental species of the genus Zingiber are commonly treated as gingers by analogy. This study provides a list of species of the genus Zingiber, information on synonyms and comments on ornamental aspects.
{"title":"Zingiber: synonymy, accepted and excluded species","authors":"C. D. Castro, C. Gonçalves, V. Loges, A. Tavares, Fábio de Barros, A. Castro","doi":"10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2558","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Among the species of the Zingiberaceae family, ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is the best known and studied species, with several reported ornamental, medicinal, and culinary properties. Many ornamental species of the genus Zingiber are commonly treated as gingers by analogy. This study provides a list of species of the genus Zingiber, information on synonyms and comments on ornamental aspects.","PeriodicalId":19699,"journal":{"name":"Ornamental Horticulture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67337156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2624
M. Fernandes, Regina Tomiozzo, C. P. D. O. Freitas, Thaís Pires Roso, Matheus Henrique Lobão de Sousa, L. O. Uhlmann, A. Zanon, N. Streck
Abstract Dahlia is an ornamental plant well adapted to open field cultivation and is one of the crops in the “Flowers for All” Project, a nation-wide extension project. High temperatures and the duration of extreme heat waves are expected to be more frequent in the next decades. Therefore, understanding and determining the high temperature that causes irreversible damage in Dahlia flowers is of high interest for preparing farmers to mitigate and adapt their crop to climate change. The objective of this study was to determine the upper lethal temperature that causes irreversible damage on buds and flowers on open field grown dahlia. Commercial open field dahlia crops in five locations in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) State, Southern Brazil, during two growing seasons (2021/22 and 2022/23) were used in this study. During the period from 20 December 2021 to 30 January 2022 and from 14 January 2023 to 20 January 2023, daily observations were made in the dahlias in the five locations in order to identify symptoms of heat stress on leaves, buds and flowers such as leaf rolling, wilting, dry leaf edges, sunscald, burning and rotting. The appearance of those symptoms was correlated with maximum daily air temperature in order to estimate the lethal temperature. Irreversible heat injury in buds and flowers of open field grown dahlia start when air temperature reaches 35 oC. Artificial shading, irrigation and planting date are management practices that can help farmers to protect dahlia flowers from heat stress.
{"title":"Damage and lethal temperature due to heat stress in field grown dahlia","authors":"M. Fernandes, Regina Tomiozzo, C. P. D. O. Freitas, Thaís Pires Roso, Matheus Henrique Lobão de Sousa, L. O. Uhlmann, A. Zanon, N. Streck","doi":"10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2624","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Dahlia is an ornamental plant well adapted to open field cultivation and is one of the crops in the “Flowers for All” Project, a nation-wide extension project. High temperatures and the duration of extreme heat waves are expected to be more frequent in the next decades. Therefore, understanding and determining the high temperature that causes irreversible damage in Dahlia flowers is of high interest for preparing farmers to mitigate and adapt their crop to climate change. The objective of this study was to determine the upper lethal temperature that causes irreversible damage on buds and flowers on open field grown dahlia. Commercial open field dahlia crops in five locations in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) State, Southern Brazil, during two growing seasons (2021/22 and 2022/23) were used in this study. During the period from 20 December 2021 to 30 January 2022 and from 14 January 2023 to 20 January 2023, daily observations were made in the dahlias in the five locations in order to identify symptoms of heat stress on leaves, buds and flowers such as leaf rolling, wilting, dry leaf edges, sunscald, burning and rotting. The appearance of those symptoms was correlated with maximum daily air temperature in order to estimate the lethal temperature. Irreversible heat injury in buds and flowers of open field grown dahlia start when air temperature reaches 35 oC. Artificial shading, irrigation and planting date are management practices that can help farmers to protect dahlia flowers from heat stress.","PeriodicalId":19699,"journal":{"name":"Ornamental Horticulture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67337188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2643
Antônio Rodrigues da Cunha Neto, P. Paiva, M. Ponce, João Vitor Barbosa Calvelli, S. Barbosa
Abstract The ornamental plant sector is growing due to the development of new species and technologies. The focus of research is to extend the shelf life of cut flowers to maintain quality and customer satisfaction. Techniques such as storage at low temperatures, use of preservative solutions, and new technologies such as nanotechnology can help maintain the quality of the floral stem. The present review aims to analyze various techniques used to extend the post-harvest shelf life of floral stems. For this purpose, a systematic search was conducted on major indexing platforms for studies published in 2023, which were subjected to a meta-analysis. The global effect size and moderator effects were calculated to assist in decision-making for future studies in floriculture. The results indicated that the addition of preservatives to solutions, variations in storage temperature, and the use of electromagnetic fields were the most effective techniques in extending the shelf life of cut flowers. However, techniques such as dry conditioning and the use of coating films did not show significant results in maintaining commercial quality. It was found that conservative solution research is still the main focus of research at major cut flower technology centers. The meta-analysis highlights the importance of further deepening and/or improving research on techniques that have shown less effective results, and developing new technologies to prolong the vase life of floral stems in order to improve post-harvest quality.
{"title":"Meta-analysis of new technologies in post-harvest of tropical flowers","authors":"Antônio Rodrigues da Cunha Neto, P. Paiva, M. Ponce, João Vitor Barbosa Calvelli, S. Barbosa","doi":"10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2643","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The ornamental plant sector is growing due to the development of new species and technologies. The focus of research is to extend the shelf life of cut flowers to maintain quality and customer satisfaction. Techniques such as storage at low temperatures, use of preservative solutions, and new technologies such as nanotechnology can help maintain the quality of the floral stem. The present review aims to analyze various techniques used to extend the post-harvest shelf life of floral stems. For this purpose, a systematic search was conducted on major indexing platforms for studies published in 2023, which were subjected to a meta-analysis. The global effect size and moderator effects were calculated to assist in decision-making for future studies in floriculture. The results indicated that the addition of preservatives to solutions, variations in storage temperature, and the use of electromagnetic fields were the most effective techniques in extending the shelf life of cut flowers. However, techniques such as dry conditioning and the use of coating films did not show significant results in maintaining commercial quality. It was found that conservative solution research is still the main focus of research at major cut flower technology centers. The meta-analysis highlights the importance of further deepening and/or improving research on techniques that have shown less effective results, and developing new technologies to prolong the vase life of floral stems in order to improve post-harvest quality.","PeriodicalId":19699,"journal":{"name":"Ornamental Horticulture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67337254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2612
M. Nadal, Gracielle Vidal Silva Andrade, José Henrique Nunes Flores, Michele Valquíria dos Reis, Vantuil Antonio Rodrigues, M. Pasqual
Abstract In vitro flowering is a technique used in genetic improvement that accelerates generations and favors the faster fixation of new traits of agronomic and market interest. The study aimed to establish a protocol for the in vitro flowering of Dendrobium nobile, through the combined temperature and of the growth regulator thidiazuron (TDZ) effects. Experiments was performed in a flask that was kept in a BOD incubator at 18, 21, or 24 °C or in a growth room at 26 °C. The TDZ concentrations were 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg L-1. The highest percentage of flowering shoots of 13.7% occurred at a concentration of 2 mg L-1 of TDZ grown at a temperature of 18 °C. Dendrobium nobile in vitro flowering was promoted in plants cultivated in ½ MS supplemented with 30 g L-1 sucrose, 5.5 g L-1 agar, 100 mL L-1 coconut water, pH 6.0, and 2.0 mg L-1 TDZ at a controlled temperature of 18 °C and a photoperiod of 16 h. The in vitro flowering induction protocol of the D. nobile species could be used or improved for future studies.
体外开花是一种用于遗传改良的技术，它可以加速世代，有利于更快地固定农艺和市场兴趣的新性状。本研究旨在通过温度和生长调节剂噻脲(TDZ)的联合作用，建立石斛(Dendrobium nobile)的离体开花方案。实验在烧瓶中进行，烧瓶保存在BOD培养箱中，温度为18、21或24°C，或在生长室中，温度为26°C。TDZ浓度分别为0.0、0.5、1.0、2.0 mg L-1。TDZ浓度为2 mg L-1，温度为18°C时，开花芽率最高，为13.7%。在1 / 2 MS培养基中，添加30 g L-1蔗糖、5.5 g L-1琼脂、100 mL L-1椰子水、pH 6.0和2.0 mg L-1 TDZ，控制温度为18℃，光周期为16 h，可促进石斛离体诱导开花。
{"title":"Dendrobium nobile in vitro flowering induction","authors":"M. Nadal, Gracielle Vidal Silva Andrade, José Henrique Nunes Flores, Michele Valquíria dos Reis, Vantuil Antonio Rodrigues, M. Pasqual","doi":"10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2612","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In vitro flowering is a technique used in genetic improvement that accelerates generations and favors the faster fixation of new traits of agronomic and market interest. The study aimed to establish a protocol for the in vitro flowering of Dendrobium nobile, through the combined temperature and of the growth regulator thidiazuron (TDZ) effects. Experiments was performed in a flask that was kept in a BOD incubator at 18, 21, or 24 °C or in a growth room at 26 °C. The TDZ concentrations were 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg L-1. The highest percentage of flowering shoots of 13.7% occurred at a concentration of 2 mg L-1 of TDZ grown at a temperature of 18 °C. Dendrobium nobile in vitro flowering was promoted in plants cultivated in ½ MS supplemented with 30 g L-1 sucrose, 5.5 g L-1 agar, 100 mL L-1 coconut water, pH 6.0, and 2.0 mg L-1 TDZ at a controlled temperature of 18 °C and a photoperiod of 16 h. The in vitro flowering induction protocol of the D. nobile species could be used or improved for future studies.","PeriodicalId":19699,"journal":{"name":"Ornamental Horticulture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67337161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2613
M. Alexandre, L. M. Duarte, A. Chaves
Abstract Ornamental plants, which were originally grown for magical or esthetic reasons, have gained industrial status in recent decades, contributing economically to the development of several countries. The presence of pathogens, especially viruses, can interfere in production by causing symptoms in leaves and flowers, thereby depreciating the product and affecting normal plant growth. Furthermore, perennial species can act as a natural reservoir for other crops. Depending on the species, viruses can be transmitted by vegetative propagation, contact, insect vectors, pollen and seeds. As such, knowledge of the genetic diversity, geographic distribution and biological properties of viruses may contribute to preventing future infections. In this review, a number of tropical species infected by viruses reported in Brazil are presented, highlighting the first occurrences of new viral species. Aspects related to virus control and management in ornamental plants are also discussed.
{"title":"Tropical ornamental plants: Brazilian overview of viral infections and management","authors":"M. Alexandre, L. M. Duarte, A. Chaves","doi":"10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2613","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ornamental plants, which were originally grown for magical or esthetic reasons, have gained industrial status in recent decades, contributing economically to the development of several countries. The presence of pathogens, especially viruses, can interfere in production by causing symptoms in leaves and flowers, thereby depreciating the product and affecting normal plant growth. Furthermore, perennial species can act as a natural reservoir for other crops. Depending on the species, viruses can be transmitted by vegetative propagation, contact, insect vectors, pollen and seeds. As such, knowledge of the genetic diversity, geographic distribution and biological properties of viruses may contribute to preventing future infections. In this review, a number of tropical species infected by viruses reported in Brazil are presented, highlighting the first occurrences of new viral species. Aspects related to virus control and management in ornamental plants are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":19699,"journal":{"name":"Ornamental Horticulture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67337166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2568
Melisa Santilli, S. S. Bas-Nahas, Norma N. Medrano
Abstract Freesia (Freesia x hybrida) is one of the most cultivated species of cut flowers, ranking sixth in the international market. Phenological processes occurring during the crop cycle are controlled by endogenous mechanisms and the environment, which in turn influence the duration and occurrence of the development phases. This study aimed to analyze the effect of planting dates (Feb 15, March 19, April 16, May 21, and June 21, 2021) on the occurrence and duration of the development phases of two freesia varieties (Blue Bayou and Yvonne). The trial was conducted in a high tunnel. The crop cycle was divided into vegetative, reproductive, and senescence phases. The number of leaves was counted daily. The development phases were significantly shortened with the delay of planting. The vegetative phase ranged between 2269.78 ± 19.22 and 736.50 ± 19.22 GDD for Blue B., and between 1864.48 ± 19.22 and 667.09 ± 19.22 GDD for Yvonne. The reproductive phase lasted 459.50 ± 20.99 and 379.51 ± 20.99 GDD for Blue B., 461.43 ± 20.99 and 487.29 ± 20.99 GDD for Yvonne. The senescence phase was shortened with delayed planting dates only for Yvonne. Plants cultivated at later dates (May 21, and June 21), and consequently exposed to increased photoperiod, had a lower number of leaves at flowering (7.85 ± 0.10) and were less exposed to inductive temperatures than plants cultivated earlier. The transition to the reproductive phase was determined by the interaction between photoperiod, temperature and plant age.
{"title":"Occurrence and duration of phenological phases of Freesia x hybrida grown at different planting dates","authors":"Melisa Santilli, S. S. Bas-Nahas, Norma N. Medrano","doi":"10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2568","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Freesia (Freesia x hybrida) is one of the most cultivated species of cut flowers, ranking sixth in the international market. Phenological processes occurring during the crop cycle are controlled by endogenous mechanisms and the environment, which in turn influence the duration and occurrence of the development phases. This study aimed to analyze the effect of planting dates (Feb 15, March 19, April 16, May 21, and June 21, 2021) on the occurrence and duration of the development phases of two freesia varieties (Blue Bayou and Yvonne). The trial was conducted in a high tunnel. The crop cycle was divided into vegetative, reproductive, and senescence phases. The number of leaves was counted daily. The development phases were significantly shortened with the delay of planting. The vegetative phase ranged between 2269.78 ± 19.22 and 736.50 ± 19.22 GDD for Blue B., and between 1864.48 ± 19.22 and 667.09 ± 19.22 GDD for Yvonne. The reproductive phase lasted 459.50 ± 20.99 and 379.51 ± 20.99 GDD for Blue B., 461.43 ± 20.99 and 487.29 ± 20.99 GDD for Yvonne. The senescence phase was shortened with delayed planting dates only for Yvonne. Plants cultivated at later dates (May 21, and June 21), and consequently exposed to increased photoperiod, had a lower number of leaves at flowering (7.85 ± 0.10) and were less exposed to inductive temperatures than plants cultivated earlier. The transition to the reproductive phase was determined by the interaction between photoperiod, temperature and plant age.","PeriodicalId":19699,"journal":{"name":"Ornamental Horticulture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67337267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2586
Nikolai Vasilyevich Smolin, Alexander Vasilyevich Ivoilov, Viktor Vladimirovich Volgin, Natalia Vasilyevna Potapova, A. N. Nikolskiy, Julia Nikolaevna Nedayborshch, I. V. Potapov
Abstract Growth regulators had a significant effect on the morphometric parameters of graceful zinnia, among which the most effective was Epin-extra. Being treated twice with epibrassinolide, zinnia plants had a more saturated color range. Zircon (a drug from the group of hydroxycinnamic acids), as it turned out, had a lesser effect on morphometric parameters than Epin-extra. The Mechta (in English translation as Dream). Further in the text this name will be used) variety turned out to be more resistant to unfavorable weather conditions and in comparison with the Oranzhevyy korol’ (in English translation as Orange King). Further in the text this name will be used variety, it more easily tolerated recurrent cold and droughts during the growing season. In addition, the Dream variety turned out to be more even in height and in the formation of lateral flowering shoots, which is important to create ornamental flower compositions. The use of growth regulators and mineral fertilizers increased zinnia visual perception. Among the varieties, the variety Dream had the most preferable decorative qualities.
{"title":"Growth regulators and mineral fertilizers effect on morphometric indicators and decorative qualities of Zinnia elegans varieties","authors":"Nikolai Vasilyevich Smolin, Alexander Vasilyevich Ivoilov, Viktor Vladimirovich Volgin, Natalia Vasilyevna Potapova, A. N. Nikolskiy, Julia Nikolaevna Nedayborshch, I. V. Potapov","doi":"10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2586","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Growth regulators had a significant effect on the morphometric parameters of graceful zinnia, among which the most effective was Epin-extra. Being treated twice with epibrassinolide, zinnia plants had a more saturated color range. Zircon (a drug from the group of hydroxycinnamic acids), as it turned out, had a lesser effect on morphometric parameters than Epin-extra. The Mechta (in English translation as Dream). Further in the text this name will be used) variety turned out to be more resistant to unfavorable weather conditions and in comparison with the Oranzhevyy korol’ (in English translation as Orange King). Further in the text this name will be used variety, it more easily tolerated recurrent cold and droughts during the growing season. In addition, the Dream variety turned out to be more even in height and in the formation of lateral flowering shoots, which is important to create ornamental flower compositions. The use of growth regulators and mineral fertilizers increased zinnia visual perception. Among the varieties, the variety Dream had the most preferable decorative qualities.","PeriodicalId":19699,"journal":{"name":"Ornamental Horticulture","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67337344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2610
M. Nadal, N. B. Machado, Cyntia Stephânia dos Santos, José Henrique Nunes Flores, J. Dória, M. Pasqual
Abstract Light quality is an important factor for the adequacy of plant production through plant tissue culture, as it directly interferes with morphogenesis and photosynthetic capacity of explants. The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of monochromatic lights such as light emitting diode (LED) on the in vitro development of Cattleya walkeriana G. and their effects on acclimatization. The plants were developed in vitro under the colors of green, blue, yellow, red, 2 red:1 blue, and white LED lights. For in vitro cultivation, Knudson medium was used, supplemented with 20 mg L-1 sucrose, 5.5 mg L-1 agar, 2% activated charcoal, 100 mL coconut water, and pH 6.0. For ex vitro cultivation, the plants were acclimatized in styrofoam trays containing sphagnum as a substrate. In general, the supplied light lengths impactedin vitro growth and acclimatization analyses. There was influence on the cuticle thickness of plants in vitro. Chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were not significant. We can conclude that light lengths formed by 2 red:1 blue, red and yellow LEDs can be indicated for better performance in the production of C. walkeriana. The 2 red:1 blue and red LEDs provide superior in vitro development than the others, with gains for the species in acclimatization. The yellow LED provided a possible in vitro hardening, which ensured the greatest success of the seedlings during acclimatization.
{"title":"Impact of monochromatic lights on the in vitro development of Cattleya walkeriana and effects on acclimatization","authors":"M. Nadal, N. B. Machado, Cyntia Stephânia dos Santos, José Henrique Nunes Flores, J. Dória, M. Pasqual","doi":"10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2610","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Light quality is an important factor for the adequacy of plant production through plant tissue culture, as it directly interferes with morphogenesis and photosynthetic capacity of explants. The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of monochromatic lights such as light emitting diode (LED) on the in vitro development of Cattleya walkeriana G. and their effects on acclimatization. The plants were developed in vitro under the colors of green, blue, yellow, red, 2 red:1 blue, and white LED lights. For in vitro cultivation, Knudson medium was used, supplemented with 20 mg L-1 sucrose, 5.5 mg L-1 agar, 2% activated charcoal, 100 mL coconut water, and pH 6.0. For ex vitro cultivation, the plants were acclimatized in styrofoam trays containing sphagnum as a substrate. In general, the supplied light lengths impactedin vitro growth and acclimatization analyses. There was influence on the cuticle thickness of plants in vitro. Chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were not significant. We can conclude that light lengths formed by 2 red:1 blue, red and yellow LEDs can be indicated for better performance in the production of C. walkeriana. The 2 red:1 blue and red LEDs provide superior in vitro development than the others, with gains for the species in acclimatization. The yellow LED provided a possible in vitro hardening, which ensured the greatest success of the seedlings during acclimatization.","PeriodicalId":19699,"journal":{"name":"Ornamental Horticulture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67337097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2563
Pablo Díaz-Siefer, Andrés F. Ramm, J. Díaz-Forestier, P. León-Lobos, J. L. Celis-Diez
Abstract Biotic homogenization is a global phenomenon, mainly in urban areas where exotic species are dominant, contributing to the loss of native biodiversity. Gardening native flora to promote local biodiversity is becoming a conservation practice in urban settings. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the representation of the Chilean native flora in the Chilean and international ornamental flower seed market to know which native plant seeds are sold. We found that native seed are absent in the local market and that the totality of seed supply in the market corresponds to species of exotic origin, mainly from the Palearctic region (43%). However, surprisingly, many Chilean flower seeds are traded in the international market (approximately 6% of the total Chilean flora). This lack of availability of native seeds for local consumers constitutes a bottleneck for ecological restoration initiatives. It is consistent with the greater abundance of exotic species in urban green areas and supports the hypothesis of biocultural homogenization.
{"title":"Biotic homogenization in the availability of ornamental seeds of the native flora in Chile","authors":"Pablo Díaz-Siefer, Andrés F. Ramm, J. Díaz-Forestier, P. León-Lobos, J. L. Celis-Diez","doi":"10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2563","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Biotic homogenization is a global phenomenon, mainly in urban areas where exotic species are dominant, contributing to the loss of native biodiversity. Gardening native flora to promote local biodiversity is becoming a conservation practice in urban settings. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the representation of the Chilean native flora in the Chilean and international ornamental flower seed market to know which native plant seeds are sold. We found that native seed are absent in the local market and that the totality of seed supply in the market corresponds to species of exotic origin, mainly from the Palearctic region (43%). However, surprisingly, many Chilean flower seeds are traded in the international market (approximately 6% of the total Chilean flora). This lack of availability of native seeds for local consumers constitutes a bottleneck for ecological restoration initiatives. It is consistent with the greater abundance of exotic species in urban green areas and supports the hypothesis of biocultural homogenization.","PeriodicalId":19699,"journal":{"name":"Ornamental Horticulture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67337212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.1590/2447-536x.v29i2.2570
Luís Augusto Magalhães Antoniacomi, P. B. Luz, Marcella Karoline Cardoso Vilarinho
Abstract The temperature of the nutrient solution is one of the main obstacles of hydroponic production in hot climates and can affect the nutrient absorption of plants. Additionally, the hydroponic cultivation of cut flowers is rarely done, and hence, there is a lack of studies on this topic. The objective of this experiment was to determine the ideal temperature of the nutrient solution as well as the influence of the plant density factor for hydroponic cultivation in NFT (Nutrient Film Technique) of the cultivar Girassol de Jardim Amarelo Alto, ISLA ® . The experiment was installed in a greenhouse, with 50% shading. The experiment adopted a completely randomized design in a factorial scheme with plots subdivided in space, with the main plots composed of two densities (15 and 30 plants m-2) and the subplots of four temperatures of the nutrient solution (20, 25, 30 °C and uncontrolled temperature) with three replications each. The variables analyzed were plant height, stem diameter, internal and external diameter of the flower, number of leaves, number of buds and flowers, dry and fresh root mass, dry and fresh shoot mass, and cultivation cycle. The data were submitted to an analysis of variance using the statistical software SISVAR. The density of 15 plants m-2 proved to be more efficient, presenting plants of commercialization standard. Cooling the nutrient solution did not improve the production and quality of sunflower flowers.
摘要营养液温度是炎热气候条件下水培生产的主要障碍之一，会影响植物对养分的吸收。此外，鲜切花的水培栽培很少，因此缺乏这方面的研究。本试验的目的是确定营养液的理想温度以及植物密度因子对ISLA®品种Girassol de Jardim Amarelo Alto (irassol de Jardim Amarelo Alto) NFT(营养膜技术)水培栽培的影响。试验在温室内进行，遮阳50%。试验采用全随机因子设计，小区空间细分，主小区由2个密度(15株m-2和30株m-2)和4个营养液温度(20、25、30℃和无控温度)组成，每个小区3个重复。分析的变量为株高、茎粗、花内径和外径、叶数、芽数和花数、干鲜根质量、干鲜梢质量和栽培周期。使用统计软件SISVAR对数据进行方差分析。15株m-2的密度效率较高，达到商业化标准。冷却营养液并不能提高向日葵花的产量和品质。
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