New Carbon Materials最新文献_第3页

A thermally-cyclized electrospun GO/PAN nanofiber piezoelectric sensor for high-temperature applications 用于高温应用的热循环电纺丝氧化石墨烯/PAN纳米纤维压电传感器

IF 5.7 3区材料科学 Q2 Materials Science

New Carbon Materials

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(25)60985-1

Wei-dong LI , Yin-hui LI , Rong-yan YIN , Kai FAN , Fei GAO , Jian-guo LIANG , Peng-wei LI , Gui-bin BIAN

High-temperature piezoelectric sensors are very important in severe environments such as fire safety, aerospace and oil drills, however, most current sensors are not heat resistant (<300 °C) and are fragile, which limits their use, especially in high-temperature environments. A high-temperature resistant flexible piezoelectric film based on graphene oxide (GO)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) composites was prepared by electrospinning and thermal treatment. It was packed into a micro-device, which could work continuously at 500 °C. The introduction of GO significantly increased the mechanical properties of the PAN nanofibers because the oxygen-containing functional groups (electronegative groups) on the surface of the GO initiated a nucleophilic attack on the PAN molecule during heat treatment, enabling the GO to initiate the cyclization of the PAN at lower heat-treatment temperatures. In addition, the abundant oxygen-containing functional groups on GO acted as pro-oxidants to hasten the oxidation of PAN during heat treatment. The effects of GO content and heat treatment temperature on the properties of the nanofiber films were investigated. A GO/PAN nanofiber piezoelectric sensor heat-treated at 300 °C had a 9.10 V and 2.25 μA peak output, which are respectively 101.3% and 78.6% higher than those of the untreated films. Cyclic testing over 5000 cycles at 350 °C confirmed the stable output performance of the GO/PAN nanofiber piezoelectric sensor. Furthermore, a sensor heat-treated at 400 °C had a sensitivity of 1.7 V/N, which is 83.5% higher than that of an untreated one. The results show that the prepared GO/PAN nanofiber piezoelectric sensor combines high temperature resistance, high flexibility, stability and high sensitivity, and may have broad applications in high temperature environments such as the aerospace and petroleum industries.

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高温压电传感器在消防安全、航空航天和石油钻井等恶劣环境中非常重要，然而，目前大多数传感器不耐热（<300°C）且易碎，这限制了它们的使用，特别是在高温环境中。采用静电纺丝和热处理法制备了氧化石墨烯/聚丙烯腈复合材料的耐高温柔性压电薄膜。它被封装在一个微型装置中，可以在500°C下连续工作。氧化石墨烯的引入显著提高了PAN纳米纤维的机械性能，因为氧化石墨烯表面的含氧官能团（电负性基团）在热处理过程中引发了PAN分子的亲核攻击，使氧化石墨烯在较低的热处理温度下引发PAN的环化。此外，氧化石墨烯上丰富的含氧官能团作为促氧化剂，加速了PAN在热处理过程中的氧化。研究了氧化石墨烯含量和热处理温度对纳米纤维薄膜性能的影响。经过300℃热处理的GO/PAN纳米纤维压电传感器的峰值输出分别为9.10 V和2.25 μA，分别比未处理薄膜高101.3%和78.6%。在350℃下进行了超过5000次的循环测试，证实了GO/PAN纳米纤维压电传感器的稳定输出性能。此外，在400°C下热处理的传感器灵敏度为1.7 V/N，比未处理的传感器高83.5%。结果表明，制备的氧化石墨烯/聚丙烯腈纳米纤维压电传感器具有耐高温、高柔韧性、稳定性和高灵敏度等特点，在航空航天、石油工业等高温环境中具有广泛的应用前景。下载：下载高清图片（169KB）下载：下载全尺寸图片

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引用次数: 0

A dataset for the structure and electrochemical performance of hard carbon as anodes for sodium-ion batteries 钠离子电池阳极用硬碳结构和电化学性能数据集

IF 5.7 3区材料科学 Q2 Materials Science

New Carbon Materials

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(25)61004-3

Wei-yan HOU , Zong-lin YI , Wan-ru JIA , Hong-tao YU , Li-qin DAI , Jun-jie YANG , Jing-peng CHEN , Li-jing XIE , Fang-yuan SU , Cheng-meng CHEN

This data set collects, compares and contrasts the capacities and structures of a series of hard carbon materials, and then searches for correlations between structure and electrochemical performance. The capacity data of the hard carbons were obtained by charge/discharge tests and the materials were characterized by XRD, gas adsorption, true density tests and SAXS. In particular, the fitting of SAXS gave a series of structural parameters which showed good characterization. The related test details are given with the structural data of the hard carbons and the electrochemical performance of the sodium-ion batteries.

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该数据集收集、比较和对比了一系列硬碳材料的容量和结构，然后寻找结构与电化学性能之间的相关性。通过充放电测试获得了硬质碳的容量数据，并通过XRD、气体吸附、真密度测试和SAXS对材料进行了表征。特别地，SAXS的拟合得到了一系列具有良好表征的结构参数。结合硬碳的结构数据和钠离子电池的电化学性能，给出了相关的试验细节。下载：下载高清图片（40KB）下载：下载全尺寸图片

引用次数: 0

Methods for the formation of M-Nx -C active sites on single-atom catalysts and their role in persulfate activation by non-radical paths 单原子催化剂上M-Nx -C活性位点的形成方法及其在过硫酸盐非自由基活化中的作用

IF 5.7 3区材料科学 Q2 Materials Science

New Carbon Materials

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(25)60978-4

Wen-hao SI , Jin-xuan SI , Kang-jun WANG , Fei QI , Jia-bin CHEN , Ze-quan ZENG , Zhang-gen HUANG

In recent years, numerous single-atom catalysts (SACs) have been synthesized to activate persulfate (PS) by a non-radical pathway because of its high selectivity, and activity for the catalyst. Metal-nitrogen-carbon (MNx-C) has been identified as the key active site in SACs. Although methods for preparing SACs have been extensively reported, a systematic summary of the direct construction of M-Nx-C, especially unconventional metal-nitrogen-carbon (UM-Nx-C, x≠4), on SACs for PS non-radical activation has still not been reported. The role of the M-Nx-C active sites on PS non-radical activation is discussed and methods for the formation of M-Nx-C and UM-Nx-C active sites in SACs and the effect of catalyst carriers such as carbon nitride (g-C3N4), MOFs, COFs, and other carbon materials are reviewed. Direct and indirect methods, especially for UM-Nx-C active site formation, are also elaborated. Factors affecting the formation of a M-Nx-C active site on SACs are also discussed. Prospects for the use of M-Nx-C active sites for the non-radical activation of PS by SACs to remove organic contaminants from wastewater are evaluated.

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近年来，由于过硫酸盐（PS）具有较高的选择性和催化活性，许多单原子催化剂（SACs）通过非自由基途径被合成。金属-氮-碳（MNx-C）是SACs的关键活性位点。尽管制备SACs的方法已被广泛报道，但系统地总结了M-Nx-C，特别是非常规金属-氮-碳（UM-Nx-C, x≠4）在SACs上直接构建用于PS非自由基活化的方法尚未见报道。讨论了M-Nx-C活性位点在PS非自由基活化中的作用，综述了SACs中M-Nx-C和UM-Nx-C活性位点的形成方法以及催化剂载体如氮化碳（g-C3N4）、mof、COFs和其他碳材料的影响。本文还阐述了直接和间接方法，特别是UM-Nx-C活性位点的形成。还讨论了影响SACs上M-Nx-C活性位点形成的因素。展望了M-Nx-C活性位点在活性炭非自由基活化PS去除废水中有机污染物中的应用前景。下载：下载高清图片（164KB）下载：下载全尺寸图片

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引用次数: 0

Structural engineering of a bimetallic iron-cobalt sulfide composite anode for superior sodium-ion battery performance 高钠离子电池性能双金属铁钴硫化复合阳极的结构工程

IF 5.7 3区材料科学 Q2 Materials Science

New Carbon Materials

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(25)61001-8

Zheng-guang FU , Nan LI , Xin-yu SHAO , Min HONG , Ju-tao SUN

Transition metal sulfides are considered promising anode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to their high theoretical capacity and low synthesis cost. However, issues such as poor cyclic stability and rate performance, arising from volume expansion and structural degradation, remain significant challenges. We report a novel FeS2/CoS2 heterostructure embedded in a 3D carbon aerogel matrix (FeS2/CoS2@C) synthesized by a cross-linking and vulcanization process. The resulting core-shell structure, with bimetallic FeS2/CoS2 nanoparticles encapsulated in a conductive carbon shell, effectively reduces the adverse effects of volume changes during sodiation/desodiation cycles. The 3D porous carbon network increases both ion and electron diffusion, while preventing agglomeration of the active material and maintaining interface integrity. The FeS2/CoS2@C composite has an outstanding electrochemical performance, including a high specific capacity of 725 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 and an exceptional rate capability of 572 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1. It also has remarkable cycling stability with no significant capacity decay over 1000 cycles at 5 A g−1.

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过渡金属硫化物具有理论容量大、合成成本低等优点，被认为是钠离子电池极具发展前景的负极材料。然而，由体积膨胀和结构退化引起的循环稳定性和速率性能差等问题仍然是重大挑战。我们报道了一种新型的FeS2/CoS2异质结构嵌入在三维碳气凝胶基质（FeS2/CoS2@C）中，通过交联和硫化工艺合成。所得到的核壳结构，将双金属FeS2/CoS2纳米颗粒包裹在导电碳壳中，有效地减少了在钠化/脱钠循环过程中体积变化的不利影响。三维多孔碳网络增加了离子和电子的扩散，同时防止了活性材料的团聚，保持了界面的完整性。FeS2/CoS2@C复合材料具有优异的电化学性能，包括在0.5 a g−1时具有725 mAh g−1的高比容量和在10 a g−1时具有572 mAh g−1的特殊倍率容量。它还具有显著的循环稳定性，在5a g−1下，在1000次循环中没有明显的容量衰减。下载：下载高清图片（94KB）下载：下载全尺寸图片

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引用次数: 0

Tuning surface functional groups and crystallinity in activated carbon for high-voltage lithium-ion capacitors 高压锂离子电容器用活性炭表面官能团和结晶度的调整

IF 5.7 3区材料科学 Q2 Materials Science

New Carbon Materials

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(25)61003-1

Ya-bin AN , Yu SUN , Ke-liang ZHANG , Chen LI , Xian-zhong SUN , Kai WANG , Xiong ZHANG , Yan-wei MA

Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) combine the high power density of electrical double-layer capacitors with the high energy density of lithium-ion batteries. However, they face practical limitations due to the narrow operating voltage window of their activated carbon (AC) cathodes. We report a scalable thermal treatment strategy to develop high-voltage-tolerant AC cathodes. Through controlled thermal treatment of commercial activated carbon (Raw-AC) under a H2/Ar atmosphere at 400–800 °C, the targeted reduction of degradation-prone functional groups can be achieved while preserving the critical pore structure and increasing graphitic microcrystalline ordering. The AC treated at 400 °C (HAC-400) had a significant increase in specific capacity (96.0 vs. 75.1 mAh/g at 0.05 A/g) and better rate capability (61.1 vs. 36.1 mAh/g at 5 A/g) in half-cell LICs, along with an 83.5% capacity retention over 7400 cycles within an extended voltage range of 2.0–4.2 V in full-cell LICs. Scalability was demonstrated by a 120 g batch production, enabling fabrication of pouch-type LICs with commercial hard carbon anodes that delivered a higher energy density of 28.3 Wh/kg at 1 C, and a peak power density of 12.1 kW/kg compared to devices using raw AC. This simple, industry-compatible approach may be used for producing advanced cathode materials for practical high-performance LICs.

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锂离子电容器（lic）结合了电双层电容器的高功率密度和锂离子电池的高能量密度。然而，由于活性炭（AC）阴极的工作电压窗口窄，它们面临着实际的限制。我们报告了一种可扩展的热处理策略，以开发高耐压交流阴极。通过在400 ~ 800℃的H2/Ar气氛下对商品活性炭（Raw-AC）进行热处理，可以在保持临界孔隙结构和提高石墨微晶有序度的同时，实现降解官能团的定向还原。在400°C下处理的AC （AC-400）显著增加了半电池型锂离子电池的比容量（0.05 a /g时为96.0 vs. 75.1 mAh/g）和更好的倍率能力（5a /g时为61.1 vs. 36.1 mAh/g），在2.0-4.2 V的扩展电压范围内，在7400次循环中，全电池型锂离子电池的容量保持率为83.5%。120克批量生产证明了可扩展性，与使用原始交流的设备相比，可以使用商用硬碳阳极制造袋型lic，在1c下提供28.3 Wh/kg的更高能量密度，峰值功率密度为12.1 kW/kg。这种简单，工业兼容的方法可用于生产用于实际高性能lic的高级阴极材料。下载：下载高分辨率图片（114KB）下载：下载全尺寸图片

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引用次数: 0

Recent advances in graphene-based carbon materials used in new hydrovoltaic energy 石墨烯基碳材料在新型水电能源中的应用研究进展

IF 5.7 3区材料科学 Q2 Materials Science

New Carbon Materials

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(25)60984-X

Yu GAO , Tao HE , Xiao-ming CAI , Wei-qi XIAO , Jun-wen TANG , Yu-zhou ZHAO , Han FU , Kai FAN , Ming QIN , Jin-ming CAI

The immense energy potential of natural water vapor cycles, encompassing evaporation, transport, and adsorption, remains substantially underexploited. Recent progress in nanomaterial science and an improved understanding of water-surface interactions have shown that because of quantum confinement effects and increased surface reactivity, nanoscale materials have exceptional electrical generation abilities through interfacial dynamics with aqueous phases. Hydrovoltaic technology has emerged as a novel energy conversion method that harnesses liquid-solid interfacial phenomena including surface slippage, frictional contact, evaporation dynamics, and moisture concentration gradients to produce electrical outputs. This review summarizes advances in graphene-based carbon materials for hydrovoltaic applications, addressing four critical aspects: (1) fundamental characteristics of graphene-water interfaces, (2) interfacial charge generation mechanisms at liquid-solid boundaries, (3) three principal electricity generation modes (flow-induced, evaporation-driven, and moisture gradient-enabled power generation), and (4) practical implementation scenarios. We also propose ways to improve the energy conversion efficiency and scale-up of the current technology for its use in self-powered systems, flexible energy storage batteries, humidity sensors, and personal thermal management devices.

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自然水蒸汽循环的巨大能量潜力，包括蒸发、运输和吸附，仍未得到充分利用。纳米材料科学的最新进展和对水-表面相互作用的更好理解表明，由于量子限制效应和表面反应性的增加，纳米材料通过与水相的界面动力学具有非凡的发电能力。水力发电技术已经成为一种新型的能量转换方法，它利用液-固界面现象，包括表面滑移、摩擦接触、蒸发动力学和水分浓度梯度来产生电输出。本文综述了石墨烯基碳材料在水电应用方面的进展，涉及四个关键方面：(1)石墨烯-水界面的基本特征，(2)液固边界界面电荷产生机制，(3)三种主要发电模式（流动诱导、蒸发驱动和水分梯度发电），以及(4)实际实施方案。我们还提出了提高能量转换效率和扩大当前技术在自供电系统、柔性储能电池、湿度传感器和个人热管理设备中的应用的方法。下载：下载高清图片（173KB）下载：下载全尺寸图片

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引用次数: 0

A porous silicon composite coated with a defect-rich carbon network for use as a high-performance anode material in lithium-ion batteries 一种多孔硅复合材料，涂有富含缺陷的碳网络，用作锂离子电池的高性能负极材料

IF 5.7 3区材料科学 Q2 Materials Science

New Carbon Materials

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(25)60997-8

Yu LU , Meng-di ZHANG , Zhi-liang DONG , Zheng-qiu HE , Ming-bo WU

Silicon-carbon composites are promising candidates for high-capacity anode materials in next-generation lithium-ion batteries. The structural properties of the carbon coating significantly influence the structural stability as well as the electron and ion transport properties of these composites. We synthesized porous silicon microparticles coated by a defect-rich carbon network (P-Si@DCN) through coating asphaltene and resin hybrid onto the porous silicon surface and subsequent carbonization. Asphaltene, as the primary carbon-forming component, could be carbonized into a dense carbon layer characterized by high electrical conductivity and mechanical strength. The resin functioned as the dispersant for the asphaltene and facilitated the formation of a homogeneous and well-interconnected carbon network. Abundant defects were also generated by the decomposition of the resin into gas during the carbonization process. In the P-Si@DCN composite, the well-interconnected carbon network ensured good electronic contact between isolated silicon particles, and the defects served as active sites that improved the adsorption and migration of lithium ions. The porous structure of the silicon, together with the tightly fitted carbon cladding, effectively limited the volume expansion during lithiation of the silicon. Because of these merits, the P-Si@DCN composite showed a good cycling stability (1161 mAh g⁻¹ after 300 cycles at a current density of 1 A g⁻¹) and an excellent rate capability (965 mAh g⁻¹ at 5 A g⁻¹).

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硅碳复合材料是下一代锂离子电池高容量负极材料的理想选择。碳涂层的结构性能显著影响复合材料的结构稳定性以及电子和离子的输运性能。我们通过在多孔硅表面涂覆沥青烯和树脂杂化物并进行炭化，合成了由富缺陷碳网络包覆的多孔硅微粒（P-Si@DCN）。沥青质作为主要的成碳成分，可以碳化成致密的碳层，具有较高的导电性和机械强度。该树脂作为沥青质的分散剂，有助于形成均匀且连接良好的碳网络。在炭化过程中，树脂分解成气体产生了大量的缺陷。在P-Si@DCN复合材料中，连接良好的碳网络保证了隔离硅颗粒之间良好的电子接触，缺陷作为活性位点，提高了锂离子的吸附和迁移。硅的多孔结构与紧密贴合的碳包层一起，有效地限制了硅锂化过程中的体积膨胀。由于这些优点，P-Si@DCN复合材料表现出良好的循环稳定性（在1 a g−1电流密度下循环300次后为1161 mAh g−1）和优异的倍率性能（在5 a g−1电流密度下为965 mAh g−1）。下载：下载高分辨率图片（123KB）下载：下载全尺寸图片

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引用次数: 0

Current problems in Li-air batteries and ways to solve them 锂空气电池存在的问题及解决方法

IF 5.7 3区材料科学 Q2 Materials Science

New Carbon Materials

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(25)60976-0

Rashid Khan Humaira , Latif Ahmad Abdul , Ali Yaqoob Asim

The energy production system must be completely transformed to reach net zero emissions by 2050, and advanced battery technologies will play a pivotal role in helping downstream sectors transition to sustainable energy sources. Li-air batteries (LABs) provide a fascinating “beyond Li-ion” option because of their ultrahigh theoretical energy density, which far surpasses conventional lithium-ion batteries. However, LABs face significant hurdles in practical implementation, including electrolyte instability, irreversible electrodes, poor cycling performance, and low-rate capability. This review provides a detailed analysis of recent progress in LAB systems, highlighting innovative approaches such as electrolyte stabilization, electrode modification, and interfacial engineering to address these challenges. It evaluates current strategies for overcoming these problems and outlines targeted research directions aimed at resolving the remaining obstacles in LAB technology. The progress made so far indicates a way to realize practical LABs with a specific energy density potentially comparable to gasoline, which could revolutionize electric transportation.

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为了到2050年实现净零排放，能源生产系统必须彻底转型，而先进的电池技术将在帮助下游行业向可持续能源转型方面发挥关键作用。锂空气电池（实验室）提供了一个迷人的“超越锂离子”的选择，因为它们的超高理论能量密度，远远超过传统的锂离子电池。然而，实验室在实际实施中面临着重大障碍，包括电解质不稳定、不可逆电极、不良循环性能和低倍率能力。本文详细分析了LAB系统的最新进展，重点介绍了电解质稳定、电极修饰和界面工程等创新方法来解决这些挑战。它评估了克服这些问题的当前策略，并概述了旨在解决LAB技术中剩余障碍的有针对性的研究方向。到目前为止取得的进展表明了一种实现实际实验室的方法，其比能量密度可能与汽油相当，这可能会彻底改变电动交通。下载：下载高清图片（220KB）下载：下载全尺寸图片

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引用次数: 0

Microstructure-mechanism-performance relationships in hard carbon anode materials for sodium-ion batteries 钠离子电池硬碳负极材料的微观结构-机理-性能关系

IF 5.7 3区材料科学 Q2 Materials Science

New Carbon Materials

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(25)61023-7

Jin-ting LI , Nurbiye Sawut , Yi-chu ZHAO , Ping LIU , Yan-xia WANG , Yu-liang CAO

The advantages of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) for large-scale energy storage are well known. Among possible anode materials, hard carbon (HC) stands out as the most viable commercial option because of its superior performance. However, there is still disagreement regarding the sodium storage mechanism in the low-voltage plateau region of HC anodes, and the structure-performance relationship between its complex multiscale micro/nanostructure and electrochemical behavior remains unclear. This paper summarizes current research progress and the major problems in understanding HC's microstructure and sodium storage mechanism, and the relationship between them. Findings about a universal sodium storage mechanism in HC, including predictions about micropore-capacity relationships, and the opportunities and challenges for using HC anodes in commercial SIBs are presented.

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钠离子电池（SIBs）用于大规模储能的优势是众所周知的。在可能的阳极材料中，硬碳（HC）因其优越的性能而脱颖而出，成为最可行的商业选择。然而，对于HC阳极在低压平台区的钠储存机制仍存在分歧，其复杂的多尺度微纳结构与电化学行为之间的结构-性能关系尚不清楚。本文综述了HC的微观结构和钠储存机理及其相互关系的研究进展和存在的主要问题。本文介绍了HC中钠的普遍储存机制，包括对微孔容量关系的预测，以及在商业sib中使用HC阳极的机遇和挑战。下载：下载高清图片（164KB）下载：下载全尺寸图片

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引用次数: 0

Microstructure modulation strategies from pitch molecules to derived carbon materials for electrochemical energy storage 从沥青分子到衍生碳材料的电化学储能微结构调制策略

IF 5.7 3区材料科学 Q2 Materials Science

New Carbon Materials

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(25)61010-9

Chao MENG , Yan ZHANG , Ning WANG , Xue-qing ZHENG , De-yu KONG , Han HU , Ming-bo WU

Pitch is a complex mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their non-metal derivatives that has a high carbon content. Using pitch as a precursor for carbon materials in alkali metal ion (Li⁺/Na⁺/K⁺) batteries has become of great interest. However, its direct pyrolysis often leads to microstructures with a high orientation and small interlayer spacing due to uncontrolled liquid-phase carbonization, resulting in subpar electrochemical performance. It is therefore important to control the microstructures of pitch-derived carbon materials in order to improve their electrochemical properties. We evaluate the latest progress in the development of these materials using various microstructural engineering approaches, highlighting their use in metal-ion batteries and supercapacitors. The advantages and limitations of pitch molecules and their carbon derivatives are outlined, together with strategies for their modification in order to improve their properties for specific applications. Future research possibilities for structure optimization, scalable production, and waste pitch recycling are also considered.

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沥青是含碳量高的多环芳烃及其非金属衍生物的复杂混合物。利用沥青作为碱金属离子（Li+/Na+/K+）电池碳材料的前驱体已成为人们关注的热点。但其直接热解过程中由于液相碳化不受控制，往往导致微观结构取向高、层间间距小，导致电化学性能欠佳。因此，控制沥青衍生碳材料的微观结构是提高其电化学性能的重要途径。我们利用各种微结构工程方法评估了这些材料发展的最新进展，重点介绍了它们在金属离子电池和超级电容器中的应用。概述了沥青分子及其碳衍生物的优点和局限性，以及对其进行改性的策略，以改善其特定应用的性能。未来研究的可能性，结构优化，规模化生产和废沥青回收也予以考虑。下载：下载高分辨率图片（143KB）下载：下载全尺寸图片

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引用次数: 0