Pub Date : 2020-12-10DOI: 10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.4/dylc8600
Bahriddin S. Umurzoqov
Rashakhot Ain аl-Hayat’ (Drops of the Source of Life), written by Fakhruddin Ali Safi ibn Husayn Vaz Kashifi Hiravi (1463-1533), a mature manakibnavis and tazkiranavis scholar who lived in the 16th century and left a rich scientific heritage. This article is a study of a rare manuscript of this work.“Where is the oldest and most accurate book of the work “ Rashakhot” kept?” "Why is there such a huge difference between a critical text of a work and a manuscript of a newly discovered author?" “How important and necessary is it to draft a new critical text or a comparative text of this work?” "Why are there differences in the texts of a work copied in different countries?" This article addresses these issues. The article also discusses rare copies of "Rashakhot" in the fund of Stanbul (Turkey), their number, descriptions and comparative textological study of them with Tashkent copies by examples.
《生命之源的点滴》由Fakhruddin Ali Safi ibn Husayn Vaz Kashifi Hiravi(1463-1533)撰写，他是一位生活在16世纪的成熟的manakibnavis和tazkiranavis学者，留下了丰富的科学遗产。本文是对这部作品的一份罕见手稿的研究。“最古老、最准确的《拉沙克浩特》典籍在哪里?”“为什么一部作品的评论文本和一位新作者的手稿之间会有如此巨大的差异?”“为这部作品起草新的批评文本或比较文本有多重要和必要?”“为什么在不同国家复制的作品文本会有差异?”本文将讨论这些问题。本文还讨论了土耳其斯坦堡基金会的《拉沙浩特》稀有抄本的数量、描述以及与塔什干抄本的比较考据研究。
{"title":"“Rashahot ayn al-hayat” in the Turkish Manuscript Collections Scientific Description and Textological Study of Copies","authors":"Bahriddin S. Umurzoqov","doi":"10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.4/dylc8600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.4/dylc8600","url":null,"abstract":"Rashakhot Ain аl-Hayat’ (Drops of the Source of Life), written by Fakhruddin Ali Safi ibn Husayn Vaz Kashifi Hiravi (1463-1533), a mature manakibnavis and tazkiranavis scholar who lived in the 16th century and left a rich scientific heritage. This article is a study of a rare manuscript of this work.“Where is the oldest and most accurate book of the work “ Rashakhot” kept?” \"Why is there such a huge difference between a critical text of a work and a manuscript of a newly discovered author?\" “How important and necessary is it to draft a new critical text or a comparative text of this work?” \"Why are there differences in the texts of a work copied in different countries?\" This article addresses these issues. The article also discusses rare copies of \"Rashakhot\" in the fund of Stanbul (Turkey), their number, descriptions and comparative textological study of them with Tashkent copies by examples.","PeriodicalId":197666,"journal":{"name":"Golden scripts","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116293289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-10DOI: 10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.4/osie5262
O. Abdurahmonova
The article is devoted to the level of development and perfection of the genre of debate in fiction. It also answers questions about the meaning of the word debate and what its function is, and its place in literature. Depending on the meanings of the term debate in annotated and encyclopedic dictionaries, they are divided into types. The opinions expressed by scholars in the genre of debate are summarized and come to a unified conclusion. The article covers the history of debate, the creation of the debate. The literature of the peoples of the West and the East has been studied comparatively, and the considerations have been made on a scientific basis. That is, the debate is based on scientific evidence that the Mesopotamian civilization, from which the first record appeared, has come a long way from the Sumerian-Akkadian period to the present day.It is also said that although the debate originated in Arabic literature, it reached great heights in Persian-Tajik literature. The first example of this is the dispute between the ancient written monument “Drakhti Asurik” (Goat and Palm tree) and the disputes of later periods.The genre of debate in Uzbek classical literature is mainly divided into two types: Other literary genres are studied as an integral part and as an independent genre. This has had a significant impact on the development of the debate genre.Literary ties are as ancient as the cultural ties of nations. Their socio-political, historical and cultural conditions, customs, and literary connections were common in terms of ethnic composition. When we study the literature of these peoples, we see that they have done a great job in the genre of debate. In particular, the work on the genre of debate in the literature of Azerbaijan and the Turkic peoples is of particular importance.
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Pub Date : 2020-12-10DOI: 10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.4/hquo5821
Otabek Jo'raboyev
The concept of a literary personality expresses the literary and cultural accumulation of the artist, which differs from the personality unique to each person. In this sense, the Timurids-mirzas, who were outstanding and at the same time rulers of the period in the cultural sphere of the XV century, appeared in the sources as literary people or literary figures. If you count some sources related to the topic: "Majalis-un-nafais" Alisher Navoi, "Tazkirat-ush-shuara" of Devletsah Samarkandi, "Wakaya" (Baburname) of Zahiriddin Muhammad Bobur, "Habib-us-siyar" of Giyaseddin Khandemir, "Tarikh-i Rashidi" of Muhammed Haider Mirza, "Ravzat-us-Salatin" by Fakhr-i Heravi, "Badee-ul-wakaye” of Zayniddin Vosifiy, "Muzakkir-ul-ahbab" of Hasanhoja Nisari.Throughout history, there have been many rulers who wrote poetry or engaged in other arts. However, this is a very rare event in the history of literature, when there are many masters who grew up from the same dynasty. In this respect, it is a fact that the Timurid rulers did not require much evidence that they were interested in and interested in literature, artistic creativity, and ingenuity.Having stated the value of the Timurid mirzas in reflecting their literary personality in the above-mentioned and related sources, we have defined the purpose and duty to indicate how clear the ideas of the authors of the mentioned works are and what are the principles underlying them.The article explains the significance of the Timurids for the Turkish language and literature by citing examples from Alisher Navai's book " Majalis-un-nafais", whose works they wrote in Chagatai Turkic and other sources. In fact, the information contained in the sources about Shahrukhmirza, Khalil Sultan, Mohammad Mumin mirza, Shah Garib mirza, and Zahiriddin Mohammad Babur has been identified, described, and analyzed.
{"title":"The Importance of Sources in the Study of the Literary Personality of the Timurids","authors":"Otabek Jo'raboyev","doi":"10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.4/hquo5821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.4/hquo5821","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of a literary personality expresses the literary and cultural accumulation of the artist, which differs from the personality unique to each person. In this sense, the Timurids-mirzas, who were outstanding and at the same time rulers of the period in the cultural sphere of the XV century, appeared in the sources as literary people or literary figures. If you count some sources related to the topic: \"Majalis-un-nafais\" Alisher Navoi, \"Tazkirat-ush-shuara\" of Devletsah Samarkandi, \"Wakaya\" (Baburname) of Zahiriddin Muhammad Bobur, \"Habib-us-siyar\" of Giyaseddin Khandemir, \"Tarikh-i Rashidi\" of Muhammed Haider Mirza, \"Ravzat-us-Salatin\" by Fakhr-i Heravi, \"Badee-ul-wakaye” of Zayniddin Vosifiy, \"Muzakkir-ul-ahbab\" of Hasanhoja Nisari.Throughout history, there have been many rulers who wrote poetry or engaged in other arts. However, this is a very rare event in the history of literature, when there are many masters who grew up from the same dynasty. In this respect, it is a fact that the Timurid rulers did not require much evidence that they were interested in and interested in literature, artistic creativity, and ingenuity.Having stated the value of the Timurid mirzas in reflecting their literary personality in the above-mentioned and related sources, we have defined the purpose and duty to indicate how clear the ideas of the authors of the mentioned works are and what are the principles underlying them.The article explains the significance of the Timurids for the Turkish language and literature by citing examples from Alisher Navai's book \" Majalis-un-nafais\", whose works they wrote in Chagatai Turkic and other sources. In fact, the information contained in the sources about Shahrukhmirza, Khalil Sultan, Mohammad Mumin mirza, Shah Garib mirza, and Zahiriddin Mohammad Babur has been identified, described, and analyzed.","PeriodicalId":197666,"journal":{"name":"Golden scripts","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120945547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-10DOI: 10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.4/xxrw6160
N. Sulaymonova
This article discusses one of the famous religious works named “Kashshof”, in particular, its manuscript copies (full name – “al-Kashshof fi haqaqiqi ghavomidi-t-tanzil va uyuni-l -aqovil fi vujuhi-t-ta'vil”) (“The one that opens the eyes of narrations by interpreting the hidden truths of the Quran”) of the great Chorasmian scholar Abul Qasim Mahmud Zamakhshari dedicated to the interpretation of the Holy Quran. Today, fourteen manuscripts of this tafseer (a comentary to the Holy Quran) are kept in the manuscript fund of the Institute of Oriental Studies named after Abu Rayhan Beruni of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan. The article analyzes these fourteen manuscripts in detail from the point of view of source studies. The complete bibliographic index of each manuscript is recorded. The manuscripts also contain detailed information about the surahs (chapters in Quran) - how many verses, where they were revealed, how the surah interpretations were given, and the calligraphy of the manuscripts. At the end of the article, photos from the manuscripts of “Kashshof” are attached to give an idea of the manuscripts.
本文讨论了著名的宗教著作《Kashshof》之一，特别是其手稿副本(全称-“al-Kashshof fi haqaqiqi ghavomidii -t-tanzil va uyunii -l -aqovil fi vujuhi-t-ta'vil”)(“通过解释古兰经隐藏的真理打开叙述的眼睛”)伟大的犹太学者阿布·卡西姆·马哈茂德·扎马赫沙里致力于解释神圣的古兰经。今天，这部《古兰经》的14份手稿保存在以乌兹别克斯坦科学院阿布·雷汉·贝鲁尼命名的东方研究所的手稿基金中。本文从来源研究的角度对这十四份手稿进行了详细的分析。每个手稿的完整书目索引都被记录下来。这些手稿还包含了关于古兰经章节的详细信息——有多少节经文，经文在哪里被揭示，经文是如何解释的，以及手稿的书法。在文章的最后，附上了《喀什萧夫》手稿中的照片，以说明手稿的内容。
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Pub Date : 2020-12-10DOI: 10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.4/boub2835
D. Yusupova
The article analyzes the problems of bakhrs (poetic meters) and vazns (sizes) presented in the Turkic treatises, which played a significant role in the formation and development of Aruz studies of the Temurid period, such as "Funun al-balaga" by Sheikh Ahmad Tarozi, "Mezon al-avzon" Alisher Navoi and “Aruz Risolasi” by Zakhiriddin Muhammad Babur. It is argued that in "Funun al-balaga", which is considered the first Turkic treatise, the qualification and definition of bakhrs were implemented specifically in a special direction. The work theoretically analyzed 40 bakhrs, 20 of which were not included in the treatises created before Sheikh Ahmad Tarozi. These meters were created by the author himself. In his treatise "Mezon al-Avzon" Alisher Navoi analyzed 160 vazns associated with 19 bakhrs. In addition to those presented in Alisher Navoi's treatise, Babur discovered two more bakhrs and qualified them as “Ariz” and “Amik” bakhras in his treatise. Babur showed 21 meters and 537 vazns in the Treatise on Aruz. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that Aruz studies reached its peak during the Timurid period.
本文分析了突厥文献中出现的bakhrs(诗的韵律)和vazns(大小)问题，这些问题对特木里王朝时期阿鲁兹研究的形成和发展起了重要作用，如Sheikh Ahmad Tarozi的《Funun al-balaga》、Alisher Navoi的《Mezon al-avzon》和Zakhiriddin Muhammad Babur的《阿鲁兹Risolasi》。有人认为，在被认为是第一部突厥语专著的《Funun al-balaga》中，bakhrs的资格和定义是在一个特殊的方向上具体实施的。这项工作从理论上分析了40篇论文，其中20篇没有包括在Sheikh Ahmad Tarozi之前的论文中。这些仪表是作者自己创作的。在他的论文“Mezon al-Avzon”中，Alisher Navoi分析了160个vazns与19个bakhrs相关。除了在Alisher Navoi的论文中提出的那些，Babur发现了另外两个bakhrs，并在他的论文中将它们称为“Ariz”和“Amik”bakhra。巴布尔在《阿鲁兹论》中展示了21米和537瓦兹。笔者认为，阿鲁兹研究在帖木儿时期达到了顶峰。
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Pub Date : 2020-12-10DOI: 10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.4/ogew6075
Qosimjon Sodiqov
The type of predicate that is called ot-kesim (predicative parts of speech except the verb) in traditional grammar is relative. Because the predicate of the sentences with ot-kesim (predicative parts of speech except the verb) are not only formed with such as noun, adjective, numeral or pronoun. Those that we consider them as predicate (in the group of Name including noun, adjective, pronoun, etc.) are followed by the copulas that are -turur, -durur (in present-day Uzbek language: -dir “in English -dir is to be”) which logically refer to emphasis. In all sentences with ot-kesim (predicative parts of speech except the verb), the copula is logically required instead of a predicate, and the predicate of such as sentences with ot-kesim (predicative parts of speech except the verb) returns again to the verb. Although they are the sentences with ot-kesim (predicative parts of speech except the verb), the predicate is logically required in the structure of a sentence. The state of being a predicate of the words except for a verb can be considered the result of historical-linguistic progress that lasted for more than a hundred years. In this article the sentences with ot-kesim (predicative parts of speech except the verb), and the factors of their origin are discussed, using the example of inscriptions.
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Pub Date : 2020-09-10DOI: 10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.3/djes8330
Shomirza Turdimov
This article discusses one of the leading motives of the epic "Gorogli" ("Korogli") - the mythological and historical basis of the interpretation of the hero's initiation. The interpretations of the epic in the Uzbek, Azerbaijani and Turkmen versions are studied comparatively. In all cognate versions of the epic "Gorogli" ("Korogli"), it is proved that the images of space, time - mountain, cave, water (rill), tree (Boyterak), patron eran (Hizr and chiltan) have a unique basis. The fact that the plot of the epic has a single basis, the fact that the protagonist goes through the process of initiation is one of the main conditions for his re-education as an alp (hero) shows that the protagonist is brought up physically and mentally. The alp (hero) system, which serves as a criterion for heroic epics, plays an important role in the imagination, proving that the process of initiation is uniquely artistically described in all cognate versions of the epic, but has a common basis. In the South Uzbek variant of the Uzbek version of the epic, the spiritual upbringing of the protagonist is analyzed in a perfect artistic way.
{"title":"The Interpretation of Initiation in “Gorogli” Poem","authors":"Shomirza Turdimov","doi":"10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.3/djes8330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.3/djes8330","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses one of the leading motives of the epic \"Gorogli\" (\"Korogli\") - the mythological and historical basis of the interpretation of the hero's initiation. The interpretations of the epic in the Uzbek, Azerbaijani and Turkmen versions are studied comparatively. In all cognate versions of the epic \"Gorogli\" (\"Korogli\"), it is proved that the images of space, time - mountain, cave, water (rill), tree (Boyterak), patron eran (Hizr and chiltan) have a unique basis. The fact that the plot of the epic has a single basis, the fact that the protagonist goes through the process of initiation is one of the main conditions for his re-education as an alp (hero) shows that the protagonist is brought up physically and mentally. The alp (hero) system, which serves as a criterion for heroic epics, plays an important role in the imagination, proving that the process of initiation is uniquely artistically described in all cognate versions of the epic, but has a common basis. In the South Uzbek variant of the Uzbek version of the epic, the spiritual upbringing of the protagonist is analyzed in a perfect artistic way.","PeriodicalId":197666,"journal":{"name":"Golden scripts","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126804567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-10DOI: 10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.3/ayks7974
Ярослав Валентинович Пилипчук
This paper is devoted to the Avar and Bulgarian borders in the Early Middle Ages. Period middle of VI centurt was a time of gaining homeland by Avars. This was followed by wars with the Germans, Gepids and Slavic tribal unions of Sklavines and Antes. Early campaigns against the Avars, the Franks were reconnaissance in force. Conflicts of Franks and Romans with Slavs and Avars were often used as a pretext for invasion. The boundaries of the Franks, Bavarians, Lombards, the Byzantine Empire with the Slavs were considered as the Avar Khaganate its borders. Avars immediately occupied the territory of the Pannonian Plain and the adjacent regions. Byzantium Empire during the second half of VI century managed to keep the border on the Danube. Lands of Moesia and Illyricum officially recognized for Byzantium Empire, despite to fact of Slavian migration in this region. Danube border collapsed after the revolt of Phocas in 602 year, the apogee of power of Avarians was 626 year, when Avars and Sklavines precipitated Constantinople. In fact, under the control of the Avars it was the vast majority of land in the Balkans, which were settled Slavs. Actions in the west against the Franks and the Lombards had to change the border, raids were made in order to capture of slaves. Unsuccessful siege of Constantinople and the revolt of the Slavs under leadership of Samo led to the crisis of the Avar Khaganate. Migration of Croats and Serbs to the Balkans, as well as the revolt of Bulgarian tribes it only deepened crisis of Avarian khaganate. Under the control of the Avars left only lands of nomads on plain. Revival of Avarian power take place only in the VIII century. The Balkans are no longer played the object of their campaigns, because there was formed the mighty Danube Bulgaria, which took control of the Slavs. Croats was also an obstacle to the Avar Khaganate. Avarian activity was possible only in a western direction, where they essentially pushed Khorutans, who were forced to seek help from the Bavarians. Avars at the invitation of the Lombards took part in the internecine wars in Friuli. Avars intervention in Lombardian and Bavarian policy was for Francs pretext for the invasion of the Avar Khaganate. After the defeat of the Franks Avars lost their empire and their possessions in Pannonia were converted into the Frankish frontier mark. Danube Bulgaria took part in the division of the legacy of the Avarian khaganate, but the power of the Bulgars in Transylvania and Pannonia was quite conventional. Under the effective control of the Danube Bulgaria and Wallachia were land Ongl (Bugeak). Camping in the direction of the Dnieper and the Tisza probably meant the desire to expand the area of influence.
{"title":"Pax avarica vs pax bulgarica(The question of Avarian and Bulgarian borders in VI-IX centuries)","authors":"Ярослав Валентинович Пилипчук","doi":"10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.3/ayks7974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.3/ayks7974","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is devoted to the Avar and Bulgarian borders in the Early Middle Ages. Period middle of VI centurt was a time of gaining homeland by Avars. This was followed by wars with the Germans, Gepids and Slavic tribal unions of Sklavines and Antes. Early campaigns against the Avars, the Franks were reconnaissance in force. Conflicts of Franks and Romans with Slavs and Avars were often used as a pretext for invasion. The boundaries of the Franks, Bavarians, Lombards, the Byzantine Empire with the Slavs were considered as the Avar Khaganate its borders. Avars immediately occupied the territory of the Pannonian Plain and the adjacent regions. Byzantium Empire during the second half of VI century managed to keep the border on the Danube. Lands of Moesia and Illyricum officially recognized for Byzantium Empire, despite to fact of Slavian migration in this region. Danube border collapsed after the revolt of Phocas in 602 year, the apogee of power of Avarians was 626 year, when Avars and Sklavines precipitated Constantinople. In fact, under the control of the Avars it was the vast majority of land in the Balkans, which were settled Slavs. Actions in the west against the Franks and the Lombards had to change the border, raids were made in order to capture of slaves. Unsuccessful siege of Constantinople and the revolt of the Slavs under leadership of Samo led to the crisis of the Avar Khaganate. Migration of Croats and Serbs to the Balkans, as well as the revolt of Bulgarian tribes it only deepened crisis of Avarian khaganate. Under the control of the Avars left only lands of nomads on plain. Revival of Avarian power take place only in the VIII century. The Balkans are no longer played the object of their campaigns, because there was formed the mighty Danube Bulgaria, which took control of the Slavs. Croats was also an obstacle to the Avar Khaganate. Avarian activity was possible only in a western direction, where they essentially pushed Khorutans, who were forced to seek help from the Bavarians. Avars at the invitation of the Lombards took part in the internecine wars in Friuli. Avars intervention in Lombardian and Bavarian policy was for Francs pretext for the invasion of the Avar Khaganate. After the defeat of the Franks Avars lost their empire and their possessions in Pannonia were converted into the Frankish frontier mark. Danube Bulgaria took part in the division of the legacy of the Avarian khaganate, but the power of the Bulgars in Transylvania and Pannonia was quite conventional. Under the effective control of the Danube Bulgaria and Wallachia were land Ongl (Bugeak). Camping in the direction of the Dnieper and the Tisza probably meant the desire to expand the area of influence.","PeriodicalId":197666,"journal":{"name":"Golden scripts","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116519801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-10DOI: 10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.3/pagy1444
Mardon Rahmatov
The remains relevant use of grammatical forms specific to other systems' lan-guages, their syntactic formulas specific to that language, and how they express different meaningful relationships to that language. This article explores the history of the use of the conjaction “chun” , its role in the development of the Uzbek language, based on the achievements of modern linguistics. In particular, the linker has formulated both the dicta-tive and the subjective (modus) expressions, and the expressive meaning has been used as a dependent component of the sentence. It has been revealed that subordinate expres-sions express meaningful relationships such as cause, time, condition, and conjuction, and when subjective content is used as a complementary sentence.Also, the ability of the binder to be able to be used in the sentence, between different parts of the sentence, is another indication of this. This problem has been studied in terms of the grammatical content of the sentence, that is, from the perspective of the communica-tive aspect of syntax. The analyzed language materials clarify the development of the syntac-tic structure of the Uzbek language and serve as a source for its study. The conclusions and the scientific bases provided help to properly understand the meaning of the conjuction “chun”, which is found in modern Uzbek translations of classical and modern Persian literature.
{"title":"The role of the Connector in the Development of the Uzbek Language Syntax","authors":"Mardon Rahmatov","doi":"10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.3/pagy1444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.3/pagy1444","url":null,"abstract":"The remains relevant use of grammatical forms specific to other systems' lan-guages, their syntactic formulas specific to that language, and how they express different meaningful relationships to that language. This article explores the history of the use of the conjaction “chun” , its role in the development of the Uzbek language, based on the achievements of modern linguistics. In particular, the linker has formulated both the dicta-tive and the subjective (modus) expressions, and the expressive meaning has been used as a dependent component of the sentence. It has been revealed that subordinate expres-sions express meaningful relationships such as cause, time, condition, and conjuction, and when subjective content is used as a complementary sentence.Also, the ability of the binder to be able to be used in the sentence, between different parts of the sentence, is another indication of this. This problem has been studied in terms of the grammatical content of the sentence, that is, from the perspective of the communica-tive aspect of syntax. The analyzed language materials clarify the development of the syntac-tic structure of the Uzbek language and serve as a source for its study. The conclusions and the scientific bases provided help to properly understand the meaning of the conjuction “chun”, which is found in modern Uzbek translations of classical and modern Persian literature.","PeriodicalId":197666,"journal":{"name":"Golden scripts","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130301910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-10DOI: 10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.3/ludd8848
Z. Abdi̇rashi̇dov
Abdurauf Fitrat played an important role in the development of Turkestan Jadidism and with his works made a significant contribution to the dissemination of the ideas of this movement. In addition, he is associated with many works and articles on the topic of religious reform that swept the entire Muslim world at the beginning of the twentieth century. Fitrat's activities in the field of religious reform were formed under the direct ideological influence of well-known figures of that time, Muhammad Abduh, Abdurashid Ibrahim and others. The article briefly analyzes the main points of Fitrat's activities in the 10s of the twentieth century - his activities in Turkey, works written in Istanbul, as well as some facts of his biography. The article also contains Fitrat's religious and educational articles, which are published for the first time.
{"title":"On Fitrat's Educational and Ethical View","authors":"Z. Abdi̇rashi̇dov","doi":"10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.3/ludd8848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.3/ludd8848","url":null,"abstract":"Abdurauf Fitrat played an important role in the development of Turkestan Jadidism and with his works made a significant contribution to the dissemination of the ideas of this movement. In addition, he is associated with many works and articles on the topic of religious reform that swept the entire Muslim world at the beginning of the twentieth century. Fitrat's activities in the field of religious reform were formed under the direct ideological influence of well-known figures of that time, Muhammad Abduh, Abdurashid Ibrahim and others. The article briefly analyzes the main points of Fitrat's activities in the 10s of the twentieth century - his activities in Turkey, works written in Istanbul, as well as some facts of his biography. The article also contains Fitrat's religious and educational articles, which are published for the first time.","PeriodicalId":197666,"journal":{"name":"Golden scripts","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126315285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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