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The Production of Managerial Knowledge and Organizational Theory: New Approaches to Writing, Producing and Consuming Theory最新文献

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Chapter 5 Peer Review and the Production of Scholarly Knowledge: Automated Textual Analysis of Manuscripts Revised for Publication in Administrative Science Quarterly 第五章同行评议和学术知识的产生:《行政科学季刊》出版修订稿件的自动文本分析
D. Strang, Fedor A. Dokshin
This chapter extends research on peer review by utilizing and assessing an emerging methodology: automated textual analysis. In a corpus of 38 papers successfully revised for publication in Administrative Science Quarterly, the authors found that measures based on exact wording (measured by plagiarism detection) and sentence similarity (measured by Word Mover’s Distance) performed well in capturing differences between original submissions and published papers. They identified the same overall pattern of revision that authors reported (intensive revision of Theory and Discussion sections, limited modification of Methods), and were strongly correlated with the turnover in references and hypotheses that occurred in the course of peer review. Automated textual analysis can usefully contribute to the study of manuscript change in peer review and other social scientific contexts, particularly as available textual corpora grow in size.
本章通过利用和评估一种新兴的方法:自动文本分析来扩展同行评审的研究。在《行政科学季刊》(Administrative Science Quarterly)上成功修订的38篇论文的语料库中,作者发现,基于精确措辞(通过剽窃检测来衡量)和句子相似度(通过Word Mover’s Distance来衡量)的测量方法在捕捉原始提交论文和已发表论文之间的差异方面表现良好。他们确定了与作者报告的相同的修订总体模式(理论和讨论部分的密集修订,方法的有限修改),并且与同行评审过程中发生的参考文献和假设的周转密切相关。自动文本分析可以有效地帮助研究同行评审和其他社会科学背景下的手稿变化,特别是当可用的文本语料库规模增长时。
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引用次数: 1
Chapter 1 The Problem of De-contextualization in Organization and Management Research 第一章组织管理研究中的去语境化问题
Gregory Jackson, Markus Helfen, R. Kaplan, A. Kirsch, Nora Lohmeyer
This chapter addresses the concern that much theory building in organization and management (OM) research suffers from de-contextualization. The authors argue that de-contextualization comes in two main forms: reductionism and grand theory. Whereas reductionism tends to downplay context in favor of individual behavior, grand theory looks at context only in highly abstract ahistorical terms. Such de-contextualization is problematic for at least two reasons. First, the boundary conditions of theories remain unexplored in ways that threaten scientific validity. Second, de-contextualization limits the potential of OM theory to fully understand the role of organizations in society and thereby address societal grand challenges. These claims are exemplified through critical reviews of four fields in OM research – gender, employee voice, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and institutional logics – and counterpoints that may help to overcome de-contextualized research are presented.
本章解决了组织与管理(OM)研究中许多理论构建受到去语境化困扰的问题。作者认为,去语境化主要有两种形式:还原论和大理论。然而,还原论倾向于淡化背景,以支持个人行为,而大理论只在高度抽象的非历史术语中看待背景。这种去语境化是有问题的,至少有两个原因。首先,理论的边界条件仍未以威胁科学有效性的方式被探索。其次,去语境化限制了OM理论充分理解组织在社会中的作用,从而解决社会重大挑战的潜力。通过对管理学研究的四个领域——性别、员工声音、企业社会责任(CSR)和制度逻辑——的批判性回顾,这些主张得到了例证,并提出了可能有助于克服非情境化研究的对应物。
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引用次数: 7
Chapter 12 ‘Through the Looking Glass’: on Phantasmal Tales, Distortions and Reflexivity in Organizational Scholarship 第12章“镜中奇遇”:论组织学术中的虚幻故事、扭曲和反身性
B. Gray
This chapter asks: ‘How often do we as social scientists question the validity of our theories and our findings? How often do we reflexively examine the distortions in the lenses we use to analyse organizations? ‘It proceeds to answer these questions by defining reflexivity and presenting six perspectives on reflexive analysis that build on and extend previous analytical treatments of reflexivity, especially that by Alvesson, Hardy, and Harley (2008). Illustrations of the six are drawn from my own experiences as well as those of other scholars. The intention is to stimulate greater interest in reflexivity and provoke other scholars to look more reflexively at their own work.
这一章的问题是:“作为社会科学家,我们多久会质疑我们的理论和发现的有效性?”我们有多少次会反射性地检查我们用来分析组织的镜头中的扭曲?它通过定义反身性,并提出六个关于反身性分析的观点来回答这些问题,这些观点建立在和扩展了以前对反身性的分析处理之上,特别是由Alvesson, Hardy和Harley(2008)提出的。这六种方法的例证来自我自己的经历以及其他学者的经历。其目的是激发人们对反身性的更大兴趣,并促使其他学者以更多的反身性来看待自己的工作。
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引用次数: 2
Chapter 8 When Fieldwork Hurts: On the Lived Experience of Conducting Research in Unsettling Contexts 第八章实地考察的伤害:在令人不安的背景下进行研究的生活经验
Laura Claus, M. D. Rond, Jennifer A. Howard-Grenville, J. Lodge
Abstract We explore the lived experience of organizational scholars who have conducted fieldwork in unsettling contexts. Through analyzing our interviews with these scholars, we find themes around the causes and consequences of unsettling fieldwork, and the coping strategies employed. We reflect on the often overlooked emotional and relational aspects of conducting and coping with unsettling fieldwork, and offer some suggestions for how scholars might support each other, especially given the increasing prevalence of organizational scholarship that pushes boundaries by engaging unconventional topics and settings.
摘要:我们探讨了在令人不安的背景下进行实地考察的组织学者的生活经验。通过对这些学者的访谈分析,我们发现了令人不安的田野调查的原因和后果,以及所采用的应对策略。我们反思了在进行和应对令人不安的田野调查时经常被忽视的情感和关系方面,并就学者如何相互支持提供了一些建议,特别是考虑到组织学术越来越普遍,通过参与非常规的主题和设置来突破界限。
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引用次数: 3
Chapter 9 Visual Artefacts as Tools for Analysis and Theorizing 第9章作为分析和理论化工具的视觉人工制品
A. Langley, Davide Ravasi
The authors conclude by discussing some of the strengths and weaknesses of visualization and by considering how new technologies may offer further possibilities for useful and insightful visual representations of qualitative data that can enhance theory-building.
作者最后讨论了可视化的一些优点和缺点,并考虑了新技术如何为定性数据的有用和有洞察力的可视化表示提供进一步的可能性,从而可以增强理论构建。
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引用次数: 6
Chapter 11 For Social Reflexivity in Organization and Management Theory 组织与管理理论中的社会反身性
Chris Carter, Crawford Spence
This chapter argues that while Organization and Management Theory (OMT) appears in good health it stands on the precipice of a crisis of its own making. This stems from an overly self-referential and narrow focus on theoretical contribution, at the expense of a broader set of societal commitments. Paradoxically, this is particularly the case if a researcher is putatively engaging with broader societal issues. The central thesis advanced in this chapter is that researchers should be more socially reflexive about what they are researching, why they are researching it, and for whom. As a corollary, the chapter calls for researchers to interrogate the research that they are undertaking critically and to work out the broader social significance of their work. The chapter unfolds with concise analyses of two branches of OMT: the sociology of the professions and institutional theory. The chapter highlights how research into the professions runs the danger of being captured by the objects of its research: as researchers busy themselves examining pre-existing concepts, rather than exploring the power struggles that take place in particular fields. The chapter argues for a re-framing of research into the professions. The chapter highlights the rise of institutional theory to its current position of dominance within OMT. Institutional theory’s recent move to study ‘Grand Challenges’ is welcomed but also problematised. The chapter closes with reflections on a course of action for making OMT matter.
本章认为,虽然组织与管理理论(OMT)看起来很健康,但它却站在自己制造危机的悬崖上。这源于过度的自我参照和对理论贡献的狭隘关注,而牺牲了更广泛的社会承诺。矛盾的是,如果一个研究人员被假定参与更广泛的社会问题,情况尤其如此。本章提出的中心论点是,研究人员应该对他们在研究什么、为什么研究以及为谁研究进行更多的社会反思。作为必然结果,本章呼吁研究人员批判性地审视他们正在进行的研究,并找出他们工作的更广泛的社会意义。本章以对OMT的两个分支:职业社会学和制度理论的简明分析展开。这一章强调了对专业的研究如何冒着被研究对象捕获的危险:因为研究人员忙于研究已有的概念,而不是探索发生在特定领域的权力斗争。本章主张重新构建对职业的研究框架。这一章强调了制度理论在OMT中崛起到目前的主导地位。制度理论最近研究“大挑战”的举动受到欢迎,但也存在问题。本章以对使OMT发挥作用的行动方针的思考结束。
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引用次数: 2
Chapter 2 Pragmatism in Organizations: Ambivalence and Limits 第二章组织中的实用主义:矛盾与局限
W. Seibel
Abstract Pragmatism in the sense of harmonizing rules and reality for the sake of appropriate problem solving and overall performance is a ubiquitous phenomenon in organizational life. As such it has been generalized as an everyday requirement of making organizations work and a virtue of human decision making under the condition of complexity, strategic dilemmas or “wicked problems.” This chapter addresses both the theoretical and the normative dimensions of pragmatism in organizations, public administration in particular. The main statement is that the necessary theoretical clarification concerns the distinction between pragmatism and what is referred to as a logic of appropriateness while the normative limits of pragmatism refer to the necessity of ranking logics of appropriateness and related values plus the ability to act on the basis of accurate judgment which is primarily, even if not exclusively, a matter of leadership.
实用主义是组织生活中普遍存在的一种现象,其意义在于协调规则和现实,以适当地解决问题和实现整体绩效。因此,它被概括为使组织工作的日常需求,以及在复杂、战略困境或“邪恶问题”的条件下人类决策的美德。本章讨论实用主义在组织中的理论和规范维度,特别是公共行政。主要的陈述是,必要的理论澄清涉及实用主义和所谓的适当性逻辑之间的区别,而实用主义的规范限制是指适当性逻辑和相关价值排序的必要性,以及根据准确判断采取行动的能力,这主要是,即使不是唯一的,领导力问题。
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引用次数: 1
Chapter 10 Presenting Findings from Qualitative Research: One Size Does Not Fit All! 第十章介绍定性研究的发现:一种方法不适合所有人!
T. Reay, A. Zafar, Pedro Monteiro, Vern L. Glaser
In this chapter, the authors explore the state of our field in terms of ways to present qualitative findings. The authors analyze all articles based on qualitative research methods published in the Academy of Management Journal from 2010 to 2017 and supplement this by informally surveying colleagues about their “favorite” qualitative authors. As a result, the authors identify five ways of presenting qualitative findings in research articles. The authors suggest that each approach has advantages as well as limitations, and that the type of data and theorizing is an important consideration in determining the most appropriate approach for the presentation of findings. The authors hope that by identifying these approaches, they enrich the way authors, reviewers, and editors approach the presentation of qualitative findings.
在本章中,作者从呈现定性发现的方式方面探讨了我们领域的状态。作者根据2010年至2017年发表在《管理学院学报》(Academy of Management Journal)上的定性研究方法分析了所有文章,并通过非正式调查同事对他们“最喜欢”的定性作者进行了补充。因此,作者确定了在研究文章中呈现定性发现的五种方式。作者认为,每种方法都有优点和局限性,数据和理论的类型是决定最合适的方法来呈现研究结果的重要考虑因素。作者希望通过识别这些方法,他们丰富了作者、审稿人和编辑处理定性发现的方式。
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引用次数: 25
Introduction Dismantling the Master’s House Using the Master’s Tools: On the Sociology of Organizational Knowledge 用大师的工具拆除大师的房子:关于组织知识的社会学
T. Zilber, J. Amis, J. Mair
In this introduction, the authors outline some critical reflections on the sociology of knowledge within management and organization theory. Based on a review of various works that form a sociology of organizational knowledge, the authors identify three approaches that have become particularly prominent ways by which scholars explore how knowledge about organizations and management is produced: First, reflective and opinion essays that organization studies scholars offer on the basis of what can be learned from personal experience; second, descriptive craft-guides that are based on more-or-less comprehensive surveys on doing research; third, papers based on systematic research that are built upon rigorous collection and analysis of data about the production of knowledge. Whereas in the studies of organizing the authors prioritize the third approach, that is knowledge produced based on systematic empirical research, in examining our own work the authors tend to privilege the other two types, reflective articles and surveys. In what follows the authors highlight this gap, offer some explanations thereof, and call for a better appreciation of all three ways to offer rich understandings of organizations, work and management as well as a fruitful sociology of knowledge in our field.
在这篇引言中,作者概述了对管理和组织理论中知识社会学的一些批判性反思。基于对构成组织知识社会学的各种著作的回顾,作者确定了三种已经成为学者探索组织和管理知识如何产生的特别突出的方法:首先,组织研究学者根据个人经验提供的反思性和意见性文章;第二,基于或多或少的研究综合调查的描述性工艺指南;第三,基于系统研究的论文,这些论文建立在对知识生产数据的严格收集和分析之上。在组织研究中,作者优先考虑第三种方法,即基于系统实证研究产生的知识,在检查我们自己的工作时,作者倾向于优先考虑其他两种类型,反思性文章和调查。在接下来的文章中,作者强调了这一差距,给出了一些解释,并呼吁更好地欣赏这三种方法,以提供对组织、工作和管理的丰富理解,以及在我们的领域中富有成效的知识社会学。
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引用次数: 1
Chapter 4 Knowledge Production and Consumption in the Digital Era: The Emergence of Altmetrics and Open Access Publishing in Management Studies 第四章数字时代的知识生产与消费:管理学研究中另类计量与开放获取出版的出现
Trin Thananusak, S. Ansari
Abstract The authors explore the emergence of altmetrics and Open Access (OA) publishing and discuss why their adoption in the management field lags behind other fields such as life sciences. The authors draw on the status literature to discuss the knowledge production and consumption underpinned by the ‘Impact Factor’ metric and high-status ‘Toll Access’ journals and their implications. The authors explain the rise of altmetrics and OA publishing and their implications on the production and consumption of knowledge. The authors then examine the current situation, challenges and offer reflections on the management field’s progression towards a more open research regime in the digital era.
作者探讨了另类计量和开放获取(OA)出版的出现,并讨论了为什么它们在管理领域的应用落后于生命科学等其他领域。作者利用现状文献讨论了“影响因子”指标和高地位的“收费通道”期刊所支撑的知识生产和消费及其影响。作者解释了另类计量和开放获取出版的兴起及其对知识生产和消费的影响。然后,作者研究了当前的形势、挑战,并对管理领域在数字时代向更开放的研究体制发展提出了反思。
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引用次数: 5
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The Production of Managerial Knowledge and Organizational Theory: New Approaches to Writing, Producing and Consuming Theory
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