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Proceedings 35th Annual Simulation Symposium. SS 2002最新文献

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Simulating group communication protocols through an object-oriented framework 通过面向对象的框架模拟组通信协议
Pub Date : 2002-04-14 DOI: 10.1109/SIMSYM.2002.1000142
Hisham H. Muhammad, M. Barcellos
This paper discusses the design and implementation! of Simm-cast, an object-oriented framework for network simulation with specific support for group communication. The design of the framework is focused towards simplicity and extensibility. The aim is to allow a spectrum of experiments ranging from evaluation of abstract group communication models to simulation of more detailed multicast protocol behavior Simm-cast employs a process-based discrete-event model on which building blocks are combined and extended in order to create new simulation environments. Network parameters are given in terms of numeric distributions (fixed or probabilistic), which can be replaced without recompilation. This extensive use of numeric distributions combined to the extendible framework structure allow an abstract experiment to evolve into a detailed one by progressively increasing the level of detail and sources of non-determinism of the constituting blocks.
本文讨论了该系统的设计与实现!Simm-cast是一个面向对象的网络仿真框架,特别支持群通信。该框架的设计侧重于简单性和可扩展性。目的是允许从评估抽象组通信模型到模拟更详细的多播协议行为的一系列实验。Simm-cast采用基于过程的离散事件模型,在该模型上组合和扩展构建块,以创建新的模拟环境。网络参数以数字分布(固定或概率)的形式给出,无需重新编译即可替换。数值分布的广泛使用与可扩展的框架结构相结合,通过逐步增加组成块的细节水平和非确定性来源,允许抽象实验演变为详细实验。
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引用次数: 17
GroupGraph: a collaborative hierarchical graph editor based on the Internet GroupGraph:一个基于Internet的协作分层图编辑器
Pub Date : 2002-04-14 DOI: 10.1109/SIMSYM.2002.1000153
Hélio A. S. Lima Filho, C. Hirata
The process of solving a problem involves several tasks. In many situations, modeling is regarded as the key task for solving the problem. The modeling task includes an important sub-task namely model representation. Model representation results into a specification that can be communicated to the participants and serves as the basis for discussion in further tasks of the process. The modeling and its related tasks such as accreditation, verification, validation, and design for tests and experimentation require to meet the participants. It is understood that these meetings are time consuming and expensive. This paper proposes a collaborative tool to help the modelers to represent the model. The tool considers that the model can be represented using hierarchical graphs. The tool is based on a collaborative computer system, named groupware, and uses the concept of full replication. We show some examples to illustrate the use of the tool and discuss some issues related to collaborative tools such as concurrency control, awareness, and performance.
解决一个问题的过程包括几个任务。在许多情况下,建模被视为解决问题的关键任务。建模任务包括一个重要的子任务,即模型表示。模型表示形成一个规范,该规范可以与参与者交流,并作为流程进一步任务讨论的基础。建模及其相关的任务,如认证、验证、确认,以及测试和实验的设计,都需要满足参与者。据了解,这些会议既费时又费钱。本文提出了一个协作工具来帮助建模者表示模型。该工具认为模型可以用层次图表示。该工具基于一个称为群件的协作计算机系统,并使用了完全复制的概念。我们将展示一些示例来说明该工具的使用,并讨论与协作工具相关的一些问题,如并发控制、感知和性能。
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引用次数: 5
Simulator for E-LOTOS specifications 模拟器的E-LOTOS规格
Pub Date : 2002-04-14 DOI: 10.1109/SIMSYM.2002.1000176
F. I. Massetto, W. L. Souza, S. Zorzo
This article presents an approach and tool for specification simulations accomplished in the formal description technique (FDT) enhancements to language of temporal ordering specification (E-LOTOS). Based on the defined inference rules for the E-LOTOS operators, the tool offers resources for interactive simulation, enabling the user to monitor the specification behavior. To illustrate the use of the approach and tool, a multimedia application design, specification and simulation is discussed.
本文提出了一种规范模拟的方法和工具,该方法是通过对时间顺序规范语言(E-LOTOS)的形式描述技术(FDT)增强来实现的。该工具基于为E-LOTOS操作员定义的推理规则,提供交互式仿真资源,使用户能够监控规范行为。为了说明该方法和工具的使用,讨论了一个多媒体应用程序的设计、规范和仿真。
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引用次数: 2
A flow injection model using Cell-DEVS 使用Cell-DEVS的流动注射模型
Pub Date : 2002-04-14 DOI: 10.1109/SIMSYM.2002.1000166
Alejandro J. Troccoli, J. Ameghino, F. Iñón, Gabriel A. Wainer
Cell-DEVS is an extension to the DEVS formalism that allows the definition of cellular models. Complex physical systems can be defined using simple rules, reducing the development. We present the definition of a model of flow injection using Cell-DEVS. The simulation validation results showed a margin of error within the expected values for the experiment, showing how to employ the formalism in analyzing physical systems.
Cell-DEVS是DEVS形式的扩展,允许定义细胞模型。复杂的物理系统可以使用简单的规则来定义,从而减少了开发。我们使用Cell-DEVS定义了流动注射模型。仿真验证结果表明,误差范围在实验的期望值之内,显示了如何使用形式主义来分析物理系统。
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引用次数: 7
Behavioral model composition in simulation-based design 基于仿真的设计中的行为模型组合
Pub Date : 2002-04-14 DOI: 10.1109/SIMSYM.2002.1000168
Rajarishi Sinha, C. Paredis, P. Khosla
We present a simulation and design framework for simultaneously designing and modeling electromechanical systems. By instantiating component objects and connecting them to each other via ports, a designer can configure complex systems. This configuration information is then used to automatically generate a corresponding system-level simulation model. The building block of our framework is the component object. It encapsulates design data and behavioral models and their inter-relationships. Component objects are composed into systems by connecting their ports. However, when converting a system configuration into a corresponding simulation model, the corresponding models for the component objects do not capture the physical phenomena at the component interfaces the interactions. To obtain an accurate composition, the interaction dynamics must also be captured in behavioral models. In this paper, we introduce the concept of an interaction model that captures the dynamics of the interaction. When two ports are connected, there is an intended interaction between the two components. For composition of component objects to work, an interaction model must be introduced between each pair of connected behavioral models. We illustrate these ideas using an example.
我们提出了一个模拟和设计框架,用于同时设计和模拟机电系统。通过实例化组件对象并通过端口相互连接,设计人员可以配置复杂的系统。然后,这些配置信息将用于自动生成相应的系统级仿真模型。组件对象是我们框架的组成部分。它封装了设计数据和行为模型及其相互关系。组件对象通过连接端口组成系统。然而,在将系统配置转换为相应的仿真模型时,组件对象的相应模型并不能捕捉到组件接口处的物理现象。为了获得准确的组合,还必须在行为模型中捕捉交互动态。在本文中,我们引入了能捕捉交互动态的交互模型概念。当两个端口相连时,两个组件之间就会产生预期的交互。要使组件对象的组合发挥作用,就必须在每一对相连的行为模型之间引入交互模型。我们用一个例子来说明这些观点。
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引用次数: 11
A simulation based performance analysis of a TCP extension for best-effort multimedia applications 基于仿真的多媒体应用TCP扩展性能分析
Pub Date : 2002-04-14 DOI: 10.1109/SIMSYM.2002.1000170
Karl-Johan Grinnemo, A. Brunström
Since TCP is considered unsuitable for the majority of the emerging multimedia applications, these applications primarily use UDP transport together with proprietary congestion control schemes that have better jitter and throughput characteristics. A common problem with these congestion control schemes is that they often exhibit a TCP-unfriendly and unfair behavior As the number of applications that uses this kind of schemes increases, this could become a serious threat to the stability and performance of the Internet. In an attempt to make TCP a viable alternative to some best-effort multimedia applications, we have proposed an extension to TCP - PRTP-ECN. The performance of PRTP-ECN has been compared with TCP in an extensive factorial simulation experiment. This paper gives a detailed description of this simulation experiment with an emphasis on its statistical design and analysis. The analysis of the experiment includes, among other things, a series of ANOVA tests. These tests indicate that PRTP-ECN gives significant reductions in average inter arrival jitter while at the same time leads to improvements in average throughput and goodput, and better link utilization. In addition, the analysis suggests that PRTP-ECN is almost as fair as TCP and exhibits a TCP-friendly behavior.
由于TCP被认为不适合大多数新兴的多媒体应用程序,这些应用程序主要使用UDP传输以及专有的拥塞控制方案,这些方案具有更好的抖动和吞吐量特征。这些拥塞控制方案的一个共同问题是,它们经常表现出对tcp不友好和不公平的行为,随着使用这种方案的应用程序数量的增加,这可能对Internet的稳定性和性能构成严重威胁。为了使TCP成为一些多媒体应用程序的可行替代方案,我们提出了TCP - PRTP-ECN的扩展。在广泛的析因模拟实验中,将PRTP-ECN的性能与TCP进行了比较。本文对该模拟实验进行了详细的描述,重点介绍了其统计设计和分析。实验分析包括一系列方差分析(ANOVA)检验。这些测试表明,PRTP-ECN显著降低了平均到达间抖动,同时提高了平均吞吐量和goodput,并提高了链路利用率。此外,分析表明,PRTP-ECN几乎与TCP一样公平,并表现出TCP友好的行为。
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引用次数: 1
Statistical simulation of symmetric multiprocessor systems 对称多处理器系统的统计仿真
Pub Date : 2002-04-14 DOI: 10.1109/SIMSYM.2002.1000093
Sébastien Nussbaum, James E. Smith
Statistical simulation is driven by a stream of randomly generated instructions, based on statistics collected during a single detailed simulation. This method can give accurate performance estimates within minutes, allowing a large design space to be simulated quickly. Prior work has applied this technique to superscalar processors. We evaluate the extension of statistical simulation to symmetric multiprocessing systems. Key program parameters are identified and program statistics are collected during detailed simulations for both multiprogrammed workloads (SpecInt) and parallel scientific workload (Splash-2). The accuracy of statistical simulation is evaluated at different levels of model detail, and it is shown that for multiprogrammed workloads a 10% average error can be achieved, and for parallel benchmark programs 15% average error can be achieved.
统计模拟是由随机生成的指令流驱动的,这些指令基于在单个详细模拟期间收集的统计数据。这种方法可以在几分钟内给出准确的性能估计,允许快速模拟大型设计空间。先前的工作已经将这种技术应用于超标量处理器。我们评估了统计模拟在对称多处理系统中的扩展。在多程序工作负载(SpecInt)和并行科学工作负载(Splash-2)的详细模拟过程中,确定了关键程序参数并收集了程序统计数据。在不同的模型细节水平上评估了统计仿真的准确性,结果表明,对于多程序工作负载,平均误差可以达到10%,对于并行基准程序,平均误差可以达到15%。
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引用次数: 51
Performance analysis for data service in third generation mobile telecommunication networks 第三代移动通信网络数据业务性能分析
Pub Date : 2002-04-14 DOI: 10.1109/SIMSYM.2002.1000158
A. P. Silva, G. Mateus
The data traffic in wireless networks for the third generation (3G) mobile telecommunication systems should take into account a variety of services (voice, data, video) and environments (e.g.: private, outdoors, indoors) as well as the user mobility behavior. A good evaluation of measures of performance can help a system designer to make strategic decisions concerning cell size and the number of channel frequencies allocated to each cell. We present an analysis of data services in third generation mobile telecommunication networks based on simulation. In addition, we illustrate the need for a simulation in order to characterize the mix of several traffic types for capacity and quality of service (QoS) planning. We use the distributions heavy tailed Weibull and Pareto to simulate respectively, the data traffic and the resource occupation time for data service. Finally, we also comment on some simulation results of third generation services where we analyze the QoS parameters of a mobile network, such as channel occupation time, handoff, new call blocking probabilities and traffic in Erlangs.
第三代(3G)移动通信系统无线网络中的数据流量应考虑各种业务(语音、数据、视频)和环境(例如:私人、户外、室内)以及用户的移动性行为。对性能度量的良好评估可以帮助系统设计人员制定有关小区大小和分配给每个小区的信道频率数量的战略决策。对第三代移动通信网络中的数据业务进行了仿真分析。此外,我们还说明了模拟的必要性,以便描述容量和服务质量(QoS)规划中几种流量类型的混合特征。利用重尾威布尔分布和帕累托分布分别模拟了数据流量和数据服务的资源占用时间。最后,我们还对第三代业务的一些模拟结果进行了评论,其中我们分析了移动网络的QoS参数,如信道占用时间、切换、新呼叫阻塞概率和erlang流量。
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引用次数: 15
Simulation of a vehicle traffic control network using a fuzzy classifier system 基于模糊分类器系统的车辆交通控制网络仿真
Pub Date : 2002-04-14 DOI: 10.1109/SIMSYM.2002.1000165
J. Clymer
A Complex Adaptive System (CAS) is a network of communicating, intelligent agents where each agent adapts its behavior in order to collaborate with other agents to achieve overall system goals. Further, the overall system often exhibits emergent behavior that cannot be achieved by any proper subset of agents alone. A graphical simulation library called Operational Evaluation Modeling for Context-Sensitive Systems (OpEMCSS) has been developed to simulate complex systems, including CAS. This simulation library includes a Classifier Event Action block that is a forward chaining, expert system controller. The Classifier Event Action block can implement both crisp and fuzzy rules. A network of traffic light controller agents, one at each intersection, is simulated for a city traffic grid. Each traffic controller agent uses a fuzzy classifier block to make decisions about traffic light timing in order to minimize local vehicle wait time. Out of the co-evolutionary interaction of these agents, emerges the global minimization of vehicle wait time in the network.
复杂自适应系统(CAS)是一个通信的智能代理网络,其中每个代理调整其行为以与其他代理协作以实现总体系统目标。此外,整个系统经常表现出意外行为,而这些行为不能由任何适当的代理子集单独实现。一个名为上下文敏感系统作战评估建模(OpEMCSS)的图形仿真库已经开发出来,用于模拟包括CAS在内的复杂系统。这个仿真库包括一个分类器事件动作块,它是一个前向链,专家系统控制器。分类器事件动作块可以实现清晰规则和模糊规则。一个交通灯控制代理网络,在每个十字路口一个,模拟了一个城市交通网格。每个交通控制代理使用一个模糊分类器块来决定交通灯的时间,以最小化本地车辆的等待时间。在这些智能体的共同进化互动中,出现了网络中车辆等待时间的全局最小化。
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引用次数: 19
REMOTE: a tool for automatic remote execution of CSIM simulation models REMOTE:用于自动远程执行CSIM仿真模型的工具
Pub Date : 2002-04-14 DOI: 10.1109/SIMSYM.2002.1000140
Kenneth J. Christensen
CSIM18 simulation models are often built as Microsoft Windows console-mode programs. A tool named REMOTE was developed to enable automatic, remote execution of CSIM18 models (and of other console mode programs) in a Windows environment. A master PC distributes the programs to remote PCs and collects the output files as the remote model executions complete. The status of remotely executing models can be viewed at the master. The REMOTE tool utilizes idle non-dedicated PC CPU cycles during nights and weekends to speed-up the model execution phase of a large modeling project. The REMOTE executable can be distributed via email attachment and does not need any special installation or configuration. REMOTE is currently being used in an ongoing investigation of new variable-length packet switch architectures. REMOTE is freely available from the author.
CSIM18仿真模型通常构建为Microsoft Windows控制台模式程序。开发了一个名为REMOTE的工具,以支持在Windows环境中自动远程执行CSIM18模型(以及其他控制台模式程序)。主PC将程序分发给远程PC,并在远程模型执行完成时收集输出文件。远程执行模型的状态可以在主机上查看。REMOTE工具在夜间和周末利用空闲的非专用PC CPU周期来加速大型建模项目的模型执行阶段。远程可执行文件可以通过电子邮件附件分发,不需要任何特殊的安装或配置。REMOTE目前被用于正在进行的对新的可变长度分组交换体系结构的研究。REMOTE是作者免费提供的。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Proceedings 35th Annual Simulation Symposium. SS 2002
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