Pub Date : 2021-10-29DOI: 10.1080/09500839.2021.1994160
M. Tiryakioğlu, Güven Kurtuldu
Recently, Correa et al. [1] conducted experiments on the relationship between solidification parameters, including solidification time ts and secondary dendrite arm spacing λ2, for an Al-3wt.%Cu-3wt.%Ni alloy. Their data for the ts λ2 relationship are presented in Figure 1. Note that there are two regions with very different slopes (i.e. the exponent of ts). The fit to the data by Correa et al. is presented in the figure. Note that the slope in the trend of the data, i.e. the exponent of solidification time, is 0.076 below ts = 70 s – a value significantly less than 1/3. At longer solidification times, the exponent of the solidification time is 0.251, a value approaching 1/3, which is consistent with coarsening. The reason for the existence of two distinct regions is unknown. Correa et al. applied the Rappaz-Boettinger [2] and Tiryakioğlu [3] models for the ts λ2 relationship to their dataset and reported that both models overestimated λ2 significantly. We note that Correa et al. used a surface tension value of 1.29 N/ m, rather than the solid–liquid interfacial energy, in their calculations. This is consistent with their previous studies [4]. We contend that the approach taken by Correa et al. is erroneous on account of the following reasons:
{"title":"Criticism of the paper titled ‘Solidification thermal parameters, microstructural evolution and dendritic growth in an AlCuNi alloy’ by Correa et al.","authors":"M. Tiryakioğlu, Güven Kurtuldu","doi":"10.1080/09500839.2021.1994160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09500839.2021.1994160","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, Correa et al. [1] conducted experiments on the relationship between solidification parameters, including solidification time ts and secondary dendrite arm spacing λ2, for an Al-3wt.%Cu-3wt.%Ni alloy. Their data for the ts λ2 relationship are presented in Figure 1. Note that there are two regions with very different slopes (i.e. the exponent of ts). The fit to the data by Correa et al. is presented in the figure. Note that the slope in the trend of the data, i.e. the exponent of solidification time, is 0.076 below ts = 70 s – a value significantly less than 1/3. At longer solidification times, the exponent of the solidification time is 0.251, a value approaching 1/3, which is consistent with coarsening. The reason for the existence of two distinct regions is unknown. Correa et al. applied the Rappaz-Boettinger [2] and Tiryakioğlu [3] models for the ts λ2 relationship to their dataset and reported that both models overestimated λ2 significantly. We note that Correa et al. used a surface tension value of 1.29 N/ m, rather than the solid–liquid interfacial energy, in their calculations. This is consistent with their previous studies [4]. We contend that the approach taken by Correa et al. is erroneous on account of the following reasons:","PeriodicalId":19860,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine Letters","volume":"102 1","pages":"35 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59592375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Coal is an important energy and chemical raw material. Carbonization is an effective way for comprehensive utilization of coal, especially for coal with coking capability. The complex pore structure of raw coal and its carbonization solid products can be well characterized by a fractal description. Owing to a lack of in situ studies, the change in the fractal structure of coal with coking capability during carbonization remains unclear. Here we report briefly on an in situ study on high-temperature (1000°C) carbonization of four kinds of Chinese typical bituminous coal with coking capability, namely gas coal, fat coal, coking coal and lean coal, by synchrotron radiation small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The change of fractal structure of the coal is analyzed in terms of corresponding mechanisms.
{"title":"In situ change of fractal structure in coal with coking capability during high-temperature carbonisation","authors":"Yuexiang Wang, Zhihong Li, Jiao Kong, L. Chang, Yixin Zhao, Lili Dong, Baoliang Lv","doi":"10.1080/09500839.2021.1995634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09500839.2021.1995634","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Coal is an important energy and chemical raw material. Carbonization is an effective way for comprehensive utilization of coal, especially for coal with coking capability. The complex pore structure of raw coal and its carbonization solid products can be well characterized by a fractal description. Owing to a lack of in situ studies, the change in the fractal structure of coal with coking capability during carbonization remains unclear. Here we report briefly on an in situ study on high-temperature (1000°C) carbonization of four kinds of Chinese typical bituminous coal with coking capability, namely gas coal, fat coal, coking coal and lean coal, by synchrotron radiation small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The change of fractal structure of the coal is analyzed in terms of corresponding mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":19860,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine Letters","volume":"102 1","pages":"81 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42662944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-11DOI: 10.1080/09500839.2021.1986644
M. Agarwal, R. Srivastava
ABSTRACT This experimental study deals with the effect of modifying an Si-rich LM6 cast alloy by ball milling with Si/Al powder particulates in which alloying was conducted via semi-solid liquid processing. The cast alloys were analyzed via their tensile properties with a microstructural evaluation of their fractured surfaces. The tensile results reveal the influence of ball-milled Si-rich powdery chips on the cast materials and demonstrate an improvement in tensile properties for 10% (R = 0.1) and 25% (R = 0.25) addition of reinforcement particulates. The combined effect of processing and the presence of Si-rich particulates is identified on the fractured surfaces. The results also show that higher values of tensile stress and Young’s modulus are obtained for the R = 0.1 samples but that the strain was higher for the R = 0.25 samples. A mechanism and model for the tensile fracture, and particle and interface cracking are proposed according to microstructure and EDX observations.
{"title":"Correlation between tensile strength and microstructural properties of LM6 semi-solid cast alloy ball-milled with Si-rich/Al powder","authors":"M. Agarwal, R. Srivastava","doi":"10.1080/09500839.2021.1986644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09500839.2021.1986644","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This experimental study deals with the effect of modifying an Si-rich LM6 cast alloy by ball milling with Si/Al powder particulates in which alloying was conducted via semi-solid liquid processing. The cast alloys were analyzed via their tensile properties with a microstructural evaluation of their fractured surfaces. The tensile results reveal the influence of ball-milled Si-rich powdery chips on the cast materials and demonstrate an improvement in tensile properties for 10% (R = 0.1) and 25% (R = 0.25) addition of reinforcement particulates. The combined effect of processing and the presence of Si-rich particulates is identified on the fractured surfaces. The results also show that higher values of tensile stress and Young’s modulus are obtained for the R = 0.1 samples but that the strain was higher for the R = 0.25 samples. A mechanism and model for the tensile fracture, and particle and interface cracking are proposed according to microstructure and EDX observations.","PeriodicalId":19860,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine Letters","volume":"102 1","pages":"26 - 34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45104876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1080/09500839.2021.1985733
N. Zhang, Hang Yang, X. Shao
ABSTRACT Grain refinement is significant for the mechanical properties of engineering alloys. We achieved a bi-ultrafine microstructure in an Mg–12Gd–3Y–0.5Zr alloy through equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) at 300°C. The ECAP not only refined the matrix grains but also broke the large intermetallic particles into fine secondary particles and then rearranged them at the grain boundaries. These fine particles can suppress the growth of the recrystallised grains, as well as promote nucleation for recrystallisation. After four passes of ECAP, a uniform microstructure with both the matrix grain (∼500 nm) and the particle size (∼300 nm) in the ultrafine range was obtained. This unique microstructure resulted in a good combination of strength (>300MPa) and elongation to failure (>35%) at 200°C, which sheds new light on refining microstructure to obtain good mechanical performance at elevated temperatures for Mg alloys.
{"title":"Microstructure refinement and high-temperature tensile properties of Mg–12Gd–3Y–0.5Zr alloy after equal channel angular pressing","authors":"N. Zhang, Hang Yang, X. Shao","doi":"10.1080/09500839.2021.1985733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09500839.2021.1985733","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Grain refinement is significant for the mechanical properties of engineering alloys. We achieved a bi-ultrafine microstructure in an Mg–12Gd–3Y–0.5Zr alloy through equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) at 300°C. The ECAP not only refined the matrix grains but also broke the large intermetallic particles into fine secondary particles and then rearranged them at the grain boundaries. These fine particles can suppress the growth of the recrystallised grains, as well as promote nucleation for recrystallisation. After four passes of ECAP, a uniform microstructure with both the matrix grain (∼500 nm) and the particle size (∼300 nm) in the ultrafine range was obtained. This unique microstructure resulted in a good combination of strength (>300MPa) and elongation to failure (>35%) at 200°C, which sheds new light on refining microstructure to obtain good mechanical performance at elevated temperatures for Mg alloys.","PeriodicalId":19860,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine Letters","volume":"102 1","pages":"15 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45280390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-03DOI: 10.1080/09500839.2021.1972177
H. Vashishtha, D. Kumar, S. Neelakantan, J. Jain
ABSTRACT In this work, Ni-Ti shape-memory alloy (SMA) plates were laser welded using different laser powers. A systematic trend of decreasing deterioration in nanomechanical properties – including superelastic recovery – from the weld centre, through the interface region and the heat-affected zone to the base–metal regimes has been observed. The extent of the deterioration increases with increasing laser power. The observations are explained in terms of a decreasing cooling rate and increasing austenite finish temperature (Af ) with an increase in laser power.
{"title":"Nano-scale superelastic response of laser-welded NiTi shape-memory alloys","authors":"H. Vashishtha, D. Kumar, S. Neelakantan, J. Jain","doi":"10.1080/09500839.2021.1972177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09500839.2021.1972177","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this work, Ni-Ti shape-memory alloy (SMA) plates were laser welded using different laser powers. A systematic trend of decreasing deterioration in nanomechanical properties – including superelastic recovery – from the weld centre, through the interface region and the heat-affected zone to the base–metal regimes has been observed. The extent of the deterioration increases with increasing laser power. The observations are explained in terms of a decreasing cooling rate and increasing austenite finish temperature (Af ) with an increase in laser power.","PeriodicalId":19860,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine Letters","volume":"101 1","pages":"408 - 416"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44786021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-29DOI: 10.1080/09500839.2021.1975056
Srinivas Dudala, Chenna Krishna S, Rajesh Korla
ABSTRACT Grain-growth kinetics of high-entropy, single-phase, face-centred cubic (FCC) Al0.2CoCrFeNi alloy was studied by isothermal annealing over a wide temperature range for different time intervals. Both optical and EBSD studies show a significant amount of annealing twins. Data were analysed using classical grain-growth models and the activation energy was estimated using the Arrhenius type equation. The grain-growth exponent was found to be n = 3 and the measured activation energy for grain growth was 190 ± 15 kJ mol−1. Significant resistance to grain growth was observed at 1100°C. Microstructural characterisation tools like EBSD, along with nanoindentation, was used to understand the observed behaviour.
{"title":"Microstructural evolution and grain-growth kinetics of Al0.2CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy","authors":"Srinivas Dudala, Chenna Krishna S, Rajesh Korla","doi":"10.1080/09500839.2021.1975056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09500839.2021.1975056","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Grain-growth kinetics of high-entropy, single-phase, face-centred cubic (FCC) Al0.2CoCrFeNi alloy was studied by isothermal annealing over a wide temperature range for different time intervals. Both optical and EBSD studies show a significant amount of annealing twins. Data were analysed using classical grain-growth models and the activation energy was estimated using the Arrhenius type equation. The grain-growth exponent was found to be n = 3 and the measured activation energy for grain growth was 190 ± 15 kJ mol−1. Significant resistance to grain growth was observed at 1100°C. Microstructural characterisation tools like EBSD, along with nanoindentation, was used to understand the observed behaviour.","PeriodicalId":19860,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine Letters","volume":"101 1","pages":"444 - 454"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42081837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-29DOI: 10.1080/09500839.2021.1980833
Dongyao Wang, L. Zhan, Quan-qing Zeng, D. He, Kefu Gan
ABSTRACT A friction-stir welded Al–Cu–Li alloy plate with desirable mechanical performance has been obtained using specific parameters. The microstructures of the nugget zone were systematically characterised and nano-sized phases, including , and were found in its matrix. These phases enhance the strength of the joint to a level comparable with the base metal. The results provide the means of obtaining a reliable and low-cost friction-stir weld (FSW) joint for T3-tempered Al–Cu–Li alloy plates without any post-welding heat treatments. This study shows that, by using appropriate parameters of FSW, the microstructures and mechanical precipitates of the nugget zone can be controlled to enhance the weld quality.
{"title":"Study of desirable precipitate-strengthening effects on friction-stir welded joints of third-generation Al–Cu–Li alloys","authors":"Dongyao Wang, L. Zhan, Quan-qing Zeng, D. He, Kefu Gan","doi":"10.1080/09500839.2021.1980833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09500839.2021.1980833","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A friction-stir welded Al–Cu–Li alloy plate with desirable mechanical performance has been obtained using specific parameters. The microstructures of the nugget zone were systematically characterised and nano-sized phases, including , and were found in its matrix. These phases enhance the strength of the joint to a level comparable with the base metal. The results provide the means of obtaining a reliable and low-cost friction-stir weld (FSW) joint for T3-tempered Al–Cu–Li alloy plates without any post-welding heat treatments. This study shows that, by using appropriate parameters of FSW, the microstructures and mechanical precipitates of the nugget zone can be controlled to enhance the weld quality.","PeriodicalId":19860,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine Letters","volume":"101 1","pages":"474 - 483"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49030909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-22DOI: 10.1080/09500839.2021.1979269
M. Rani, K. Batool, A. Younus, A. Shah, A. Mehmood, R. Shafique, Shamim Khan, G. Murtaza, R. Neffati
ABSTRACT Nanoparticles of nickel-doped iron chromite (Fe1-xNixCr2O4) with composition x = 0.2-0.8 have been prepared by the sol–gel method using citric acid as a complexing agent. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results show that the synthesised doped nanoparticles are crystalline. Temperature and concentrations are key variables that influence nanopowder properties. To obtain fine powders, the doped samples were sintered at 750°C for 4 h. Doping was confirmed by XRD patterns. Raman spectra confirmed the existence of both parent and doped compounds. The band gap for the undoped sample is about 4.01 eV which, on doping, decreases to 3.7 eV as determined from photoluminescence spectra. The results suggest that synthesised nanoparticles of Fe1-xNixCr2O4 can be used for versatile future applications such as energy storage and photocatalytic activity.
{"title":"Synthesis and characterisation of nanosized spinel particles of nickel-doped iron chromite","authors":"M. Rani, K. Batool, A. Younus, A. Shah, A. Mehmood, R. Shafique, Shamim Khan, G. Murtaza, R. Neffati","doi":"10.1080/09500839.2021.1979269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09500839.2021.1979269","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Nanoparticles of nickel-doped iron chromite (Fe1-xNixCr2O4) with composition x = 0.2-0.8 have been prepared by the sol–gel method using citric acid as a complexing agent. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results show that the synthesised doped nanoparticles are crystalline. Temperature and concentrations are key variables that influence nanopowder properties. To obtain fine powders, the doped samples were sintered at 750°C for 4 h. Doping was confirmed by XRD patterns. Raman spectra confirmed the existence of both parent and doped compounds. The band gap for the undoped sample is about 4.01 eV which, on doping, decreases to 3.7 eV as determined from photoluminescence spectra. The results suggest that synthesised nanoparticles of Fe1-xNixCr2O4 can be used for versatile future applications such as energy storage and photocatalytic activity.","PeriodicalId":19860,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine Letters","volume":"101 1","pages":"464 - 473"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49206995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-10DOI: 10.1080/09500839.2021.1973683
R. Armstrong, W. Elban
ABSTRACT Micro- to nano-indentation hardness-based stress–strain computations made for Berkovich spherically-tipped impressions put into (001) MgO crystal surfaces show an exceptional plastic strain hardening that is attributed to reacted sessile-type <110> Burgers vector dislocations. Additional evidence for the substantial strain hardening is provided in a compilation of Knoop hardness measurements. The combination of results is compared on the basis of an applied load dependence for an indentation size effect (ISE).
{"title":"The micro- to nano-scale dislocation mechanics of (001) MgO crystal hardness","authors":"R. Armstrong, W. Elban","doi":"10.1080/09500839.2021.1973683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09500839.2021.1973683","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 Micro- to nano-indentation hardness-based stress–strain computations made for Berkovich spherically-tipped impressions put into (001) MgO crystal surfaces show an exceptional plastic strain hardening that is attributed to reacted sessile-type <110> Burgers vector dislocations. Additional evidence for the substantial strain hardening is provided in a compilation of Knoop hardness measurements. The combination of results is compared on the basis of an applied load dependence for an indentation size effect (ISE).","PeriodicalId":19860,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine Letters","volume":"101 1","pages":"455 - 463"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43582866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1080/09500839.2021.1946188
C. Marioara, T. Børvik, O. Hopperstad
ABSTRACT The occurrence of grain boundary precipitates was investigated with respect to the crystallographic orientation of the adjacent grains in extruded AA6110, AA6063 and AA6061 alloys brought to T6 temper. It was found that the requirement for grain boundary precipitate formation is for the adjacent grains to have <100>Al directions or {100}Al planes parallel to the grain boundary plane. The highest density of grain boundary precipitates was present when this requirement was fulfilled by both adjacent grains.
{"title":"The relation between grain boundary precipitate formation and adjacent grain orientations in Al-Mg-Si(-Cu) alloys","authors":"C. Marioara, T. Børvik, O. Hopperstad","doi":"10.1080/09500839.2021.1946188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09500839.2021.1946188","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The occurrence of grain boundary precipitates was investigated with respect to the crystallographic orientation of the adjacent grains in extruded AA6110, AA6063 and AA6061 alloys brought to T6 temper. It was found that the requirement for grain boundary precipitate formation is for the adjacent grains to have <100>Al directions or {100}Al planes parallel to the grain boundary plane. The highest density of grain boundary precipitates was present when this requirement was fulfilled by both adjacent grains.","PeriodicalId":19860,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Magazine Letters","volume":"101 1","pages":"370 - 379"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47336034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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