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About the XV Congress of Anthropologists and Ethnologists of Russia 关于第十五届俄罗斯人类学家和民族学家大会
Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.37614/2949-1185.2023.2.4.012
O. Suleymanova
The article is dedicated to the XV Congress of Anthropologists and Ethnologists of Russia (CAER), which took place on June 26–30, 2023 in St. Petersburg. More than 800 scientists took part in the Congress, including employees of the Center for Humanitarian Problems of the Barents Region of the Federal Research Center KSC RAS. The organizers of the congress in 2023 were the Association of Anthropologists and Ethnologists of Russia, the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography. Peter the Great (Kunstkamera) RAS, St. Petersburg State University and the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology. N. N. Miklouho-Maclay RAS. Traditionally, the achievements of world and domestic ethnology and anthropology were discussed within the framework of the congress.
这篇文章专门介绍了2023年6月26日至30日在圣彼得堡举行的第十五届俄罗斯人类学家和民族学家大会(CAER)。800 多名科学家参加了大会,其中包括联邦研究中心 KSC RAS 巴伦支地区人道主义问题中心的员工。2023 年大会的组织者是俄罗斯人类学家和民族学家协会、人类学和民族学博物馆。俄罗斯科学院彼得大帝博物馆(Kunstkamera)、圣彼得堡国立大学和民族学与人类学研究所。N. N. Miklouho-Maclay RAS。传统上,在大会框架内讨论世界和国内民族学和人类学的成就。
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引用次数: 0
Personal affairs of Chinese citizens: from the history of labor migration in the North-West of Russia during the First World War 中国公民的个人事务:从第一次世界大战期间俄罗斯西北部的劳工移民史谈起
Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.37614/2949-1185.2023.2.4.002
O. V. Zmeeva
The article presents for the first time an overview of the personal files of one of the funds of the National Archive of the Republic of Karelia. For the first time, biographical documents were introduced into scientific circulation, which formed the basis for completing the personal files of employees of the Murmansk Railway (admission lists, medical certificates, form lists, applications for employment). The content of documents of personal files of labor migrants from China during the First World War is analyzed. The information potential of archival documents for the development of the historical and biographical method is revealed and shown.
本文首次对卡累利阿共和国国家档案馆的一个基金的个人档案进行了概述。首次将传记文件引入科学流通,这些文件构成了完善摩尔曼斯克铁路员工个人档案(录取名单、医疗证明、表格清单、就业申请)的基础。本文分析了第一次世界大战期间来自中国的劳工移民的个人档案文件内容。揭示并展示了档案文件在发展历史和传记方法方面的信息潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Ethnic village as a regional tourism brand 作为地区旅游品牌的民族村
Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.37614/2949-1185.2023.2.4.005
O. Suleymanova
The article is devoted to the consideration of the phenomenon of ethnic village as a special type of tourist destination. The characteristic features and features of the functioning of the ethnocomplex «Sami village “Sam Syyt” Ivelviga» («Saami village») on the territory of the Murmansk region are indicated. The role and place of the Saami ethno-village as a regional tourism brand in the development of ethno-tourism and the popularization of the ethno-cultural heritage of the region is shown.
文章专门探讨了民族村作为特殊类型旅游目的地的现象。文章指出了摩尔曼斯克州境内 "萨米村'Sam Syyt' Ivelviga"("萨米村")民族综合体的特点和功能。说明了萨米民族村作为地区旅游品牌在发展民族旅游和普及地区民族文化遗产方面的作用和地位。
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引用次数: 0
The influence of vibrationally excited molecular nitrogen on infrared emissions of O3 and N2O gases at altitudes of the middle atmosphere 振动激发的分子氮对中大气高度O3和N2O气体红外发射的影响
Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.37614/2949-1185.2023.2.2.008
A. Kirillov, V. Belakhovsky
The concentrations of N2(X1g+, v' = 1) and the emission intensities of infrared bands of ozone O3 and nitrous oxide N2O are calculated at altitudes of 30–70 km of the Earth's middle atmosphere during precipitation of electrons with energies E = 2, 4, 10 MeV. It is shown that for a given relativistic electron flux of 105 e/cm2·s·ster, the concentrations of vibrationally excited molecular nitrogen N2(X1g+, v' = 1) are about 105–106 cm–3 at altitudes of 50–70 km of the middle atmosphere. The emission profiles of the infrared bands of ozone at 4.7 µm and 9,9 µm, as well as the infrared band of nitrous oxide at 4.5 µm, are calculated for precipitation of high-energy electrons with energies E = 2, 4, 10 MeV. It has been shown for the first time that vibrationally excited nitrogen N2(X1g+, v' = 1) plays an important role in changing the infrared balance of the middle atmosphere as a result of inelastic molecular collisions with O3 and N2O molecules during precipitation of high-energy electrons.
计算了能量为E = 2,4,10 MeV的电子在地球中部大气30 ~ 70 km高度降水过程中N2(X1 ~ g+, v′= 1)浓度和臭氧O3和氧化亚氮N2O红外波段的发射强度。结果表明,在给定的相对论电子通量为105 e/cm2·s·ster的情况下,在50 ~ 70 km的中层大气高度,振动激发的分子氮N2(X1′g+, v′= 1)的浓度约为105 ~ 106 cm-3。计算了臭氧在4.7µm和9,9µm的红外波段以及氧化亚氮在4.5µm的红外波段的发射谱线,得到了能量为E = 2,4,10 MeV的高能电子的析出。首次证明了在高能电子的沉淀过程中,振动激发的氮气N2(X1′g+, v′= 1)与O3和N2O分子发生非弹性碰撞,在改变中层大气红外平衡中起着重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
Geomagnetic effects of siberian meteor explosions 西伯利亚流星爆炸的地磁效应
Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.37614/2949-1185.2023.2.2.006
S. Cherniakov
The geomagnetic effects of falling meteors have been known for a long time, but so far they have not received a complete theoretical explanation. The paper considers the response of the geomagnetic field to the destruction of meteors in Yakutia (March 4, 2014, 21:29 UT) and Khakassia (December 6, 2016) according to the Irkutsk magnetic observatory data of the Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS. The analysis of variations in the geomagnetic field components showed that the passages and explosions of meteors were accompanied by the appearance of several groups of geomagnetic disturbances in the area of the Irkutsk magnetic observatory. Their appearance can be caused by the propagation of shock, internal gravity and magnetohydrodynamic waves formed as a result of the passages and destructions of meteors. The periods of these wave disturbances and the velocities of their propagation from the generation regions are estimated. It is noted that noticeable wave manifestations in the geomagnetic field give waves with a period of more than 10 minutes, i.e. having gravity modes.
人们早就知道流星的地磁效应,但迄今为止还没有得到一个完整的理论解释。本文利用SB RAS日地物理研究所伊尔库茨克地磁观测数据,研究了雅库特(2014年3月4日,21:29 UT)和哈卡斯(2016年12月6日)流星的破坏对地磁场的响应。对地磁场分量变化的分析表明,在伊尔库茨克地磁观测站地区,流星的穿越和爆炸伴随着几组地磁扰动的出现。它们的出现可能是由流星通过和破坏所形成的激波、内部重力和磁流体动力波的传播引起的。估计了这些波扰动的周期和它们从产生区域传播的速度。值得注意的是,地磁场中明显的波动现象产生周期超过10分钟的波,即具有重力模态。
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引用次数: 0
The effect of relativistic electrons precipitating on the RSDN-20 system signal characteristics during the event on March 28, 2017 2017年3月28日事件中相对论性电子沉降对RSDN-20系统信号特征的影响
Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.37614/2949-1185.2023.2.2.004
O. Akhmetov, V. Belakhovsky, O. Mingalev, I. Mingalev, A. V. Larchenko, Z. Suvorova
Based on the experimental data of the EISCAT radar and numerical modeling methods, the influence of the fluxes of subrelativistic (relativistic) electrons of the Earth's outer radiation belt on the operation of the RSDN-20 long-range navigation system operating at frequencies of 11.905 kHz, 12.649 kHz and 14.881 kHz has been studied. As a result of computational experiments, a slight decrease in attenuation under perturbed conditions was obtained at a frequency of 14.881 kHz with a slight, less than an order of magnitude increase in the electron concentration in the D- and E-layers of the ionosphere. At lower frequencies and in the case of an increase in concentration in the reflection region, an increase in signal attenuation is observed. It is shown that the violation of monotonicity in the frequency dependence of signal attenuation is associated with the position of the boundary between regions with different types of signal attenuation and the height of the signal reflection from the ionosphere. In the case when the intersection point of the high-altitude profile of the electron collision frequency υe with the profile of the doubled plasma frequency 2ωe is inside the signal reflection region, a nonlinear type of attenuation dependence on frequency is observed. The phases of RSDN-20 signals are weakly affected by the precipitation of relativistic energy electrons into the atmosphere. A comparison of the amplitudes of the signals obtained in computational experiments and the signals recorded at the observatories of the Polar Geophysical Institute Lovozero and Barentsburg showed partial agreement in most of the changes recorded during the precipitation of subrelativistic electrons in the polar ionosphere. The presented estimates can be used on short radio paths of 100–200 km in the high latitude region to monitor the state of the ionosphere.
基于EISCAT雷达实验数据和数值模拟方法,研究了地球外辐射带亚相对论电子通量对工作频率为11.905 kHz、12.649 kHz和14.881 kHz的RSDN-20远程导航系统运行的影响。计算实验结果表明,在频率为14.881 kHz的扰动条件下,衰减略有下降,电离层D层和e层的电子浓度略有增加,但不到一个数量级。在较低频率和反射区域浓度增加的情况下,可以观察到信号衰减的增加。结果表明,信号衰减的频率依赖性中单调性的违反与不同类型信号衰减区域之间边界的位置和电离层反射信号的高度有关。当电子碰撞频率为e的高海拔剖面与等离子体频率为2ωe的高海拔剖面的交点在信号反射区内时,观察到一种与频率相关的非线性衰减。RSDN-20信号的相位受大气中相对论能量电子沉降的影响较小。计算实验中获得的信号振幅与极地地球物理研究所Lovozero和巴伦支堡天文台记录的信号的比较表明,在极电离层中亚相对论性电子沉淀期间记录的大多数变化部分一致。所提出的估计可用于高纬度地区100-200公里的短无线电路径,以监测电离层的状态。
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引用次数: 0
Parallel calculations in models of the general atmosphere circulation 一般大气环流模式的并行计算
Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.37614/2949-1185.2023.2.2.010
K. Orlov, I. Mingalev, Ekaterina A. Fedotova, V. S. Mingalev
This paper describes a method for organizing parallel computing on graphics processors using CUDA technology, in relation to the general circulation model of the lower and middle atmosphere of the Earth. This model is being developed at the Polar Geophysical Institute and is based on the numerical integration of a complete system of equations for the dynamics of viscous atmospheric gas on a high-resolution spatial grid in a spherical layer around the Earth's surface. The model includes a block for calculating the transfer of solar and thermal radiation, which also uses parallel calculations based on CUDA technology.
本文介绍了一种利用CUDA技术在图形处理器上组织并行计算的方法,该方法与地球低层和中层大气的一般环流模型有关。这个模型是由极地地球物理研究所开发的,它是基于粘性大气气体动力学的一个完整方程组的数值积分,该方程组位于地球表面周围球面层的高分辨率空间网格上。该模型包括一个用于计算太阳和热辐射传输的模块,该模块也使用基于CUDA技术的并行计算。
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引用次数: 0
On the characteristics of the early cretaceous platobasalt magmatism of Svalbard (Nordenskiold Land) 论斯瓦尔巴群岛早白垩世台玄岩岩浆活动特征
Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.37614/2949-1185.2023.2.2.012
E. Shipilov
Based on the results of studies of basaltoid rocks of Western Svalbard (Nordenskiold Land), the features of their geotectonic position and distribution over stratigraphic complexes of the sedimentary cover are considered. Some characteristics of the geochemical composition of rocks are given. The age range of magmatism manifestation is estimated on the basis of radiological dating and in comparison with the arch. Franz Josef Land. In the context of the data obtained, considerations are made about the geodynamic conditions of the formation of the Barents Sea magmatic province.
在对西斯瓦尔巴群岛玄武岩研究的基础上,考虑了玄武岩在沉积盖层复合体上的构造位置和分布特征。给出了岩石地球化学组成的一些特征。根据放射性定年并与拱相比较,估计岩浆活动表现的年龄范围。弗朗茨·约瑟夫·兰。根据所获得的资料,考虑了巴伦支海岩浆省形成的地球动力学条件。
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引用次数: 0
The real time estimation of the equivalent radiation dose with the GOES satellite proton data 利用GOES卫星质子数据实时估算等效辐射剂量
Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.37614/2949-1185.2023.2.2.002
E. A. Maurchev, A. Germanenko, Yuriy V. Balabin, B. Gvozdevsky
A system has been developed that makes it possible to evaluate the equivalent radiation dose at the altitudes of airliners in real time. A brief description of the calculation methodology is presented, a link is given to an information resource that provides data in the public domain. The result is shown for a typical spectrum of cosmic ray protons obtained from a satellite.
已经开发出一种系统,使实时评估飞机高度的等效辐射剂量成为可能。简要介绍了计算方法,并提供了一个在公共领域提供数据的信息资源的链接。结果显示了从卫星上获得的宇宙射线质子的典型光谱。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of model calculations of emission intensities of different band systems of molecular oxygen with experimental data obtained from the discovery space Shuttle 分子氧不同波段系统发射强度的模型计算与发现号航天飞机实验数据的比较
Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.37614/2949-1185.2023.2.2.009
O. V. Antonenko, A. Kirillov
The results of theoretical calculations of the emission intensities of various states of excited molecular oxygen are compared with experimental data on the nighttime glow of O2 obtained from the Space Shuttle Discovery. The calculated values of the integral luminosity (histograms) for the considered months of the Earth's year are presented. It is shown that at the middle latitudes of the Earth during the period of low solar activity, the maximum values of the integrated luminosity for Herzberg I and Chamberlain bands are in July, for Atmospheric bands — in October.
本文对激发态分子氧发射强度的理论计算结果与发现号航天飞机获得的O2夜光实验数据进行了比较。给出了地球一年中考虑的月份的积分光度(直方图)的计算值。结果表明,在太阳活动不活跃的中纬度地区,Herzberg I波段和Chamberlain波段的综合光度最大值出现在7月,而大气波段的最大值出现在10月。
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引用次数: 0
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Transactions of the Kоla Science Centre. Series: Natural Sciences and Humanities
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