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Proceedings of the 2011 Conference on Design & Architectures for Signal & Image Processing (DASIP)最新文献

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Design of a processor optimized for syntax parsing in video decoders 视频解码器中优化语法解析的处理器设计
Nicolas Siret, J. Nezan, Aimad Rhatay
Heterogeneous platforms aim to offer both performance and flexibility by providing designers processors and programmable logical units on a single platform. Processors implemented on these platforms are usually soft-cores (e.g. Altera NIOS) or ASIC (e.g. ARM Cortex-A8). However, these processors still face limitations in terms of performance compared to full hardware designs in particular for real-time video decoding applications. We present in this paper an innovative approach to improve performance using both a processor optimized for the syntax parsing (an Application-Specific Instruction-set Processor) and a FPGA. The case study has been synthesized on a Xilinx FPGA at a frequency of 100 MHz and we estimate the performance that could be obtained with an ASIC.
异构平台旨在通过在单个平台上提供设计处理器和可编程逻辑单元来提供性能和灵活性。在这些平台上实现的处理器通常是软核(例如Altera NIOS)或ASIC(例如ARM Cortex-A8)。然而,与完整的硬件设计相比,这些处理器在性能方面仍然面临限制,特别是在实时视频解码应用方面。我们在本文中提出了一种创新的方法来提高性能,同时使用针对语法解析优化的处理器(专用指令集处理器)和FPGA。案例研究是在Xilinx FPGA上合成的,频率为100 MHz,我们估计了使用ASIC可以获得的性能。
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引用次数: 2
Performance evaluation of an automotive distributed architecture based on HPAV communication protocol using a transaction level modeling approach 基于HPAV通信协议的汽车分布式体系结构性能评估
Takieddine Majdoub, S. L. Nours, O. Pasquier, F. Nouvel
Due to increasing complexity of communication infrastructures in the automotive domain, reliable models are necessary in order to assist designers in the development process of networked embedded systems. In this context, transaction level modeling, supported by languages as SystemC, is a promising solution to assess performances of networked architectures with a good compromise between accuracy and simulation speed. This article presents the application of a specific modeling approach for performance evaluation of a networked embedded system inspired from the automotive domain. The considered approach is illustrated by the modeling of a video transmission system made of three electronic controller units and based on a specific power line communication protocol. The created model incorporates description of various communication layers and simulation of the model allows evaluation of time properties and memory cost inferred.
由于汽车领域通信基础设施的复杂性日益增加,可靠的模型是必要的,以协助设计人员在网络嵌入式系统的开发过程中。在这种情况下,由SystemC等语言支持的事务级建模是一种很有前途的解决方案,可以在准确性和仿真速度之间取得良好的平衡,从而评估网络体系结构的性能。本文介绍了一种受汽车领域启发的网络嵌入式系统性能评估的特定建模方法的应用。所考虑的方法是通过建模视频传输系统由三个电子控制器单元和基于特定的电力线通信协议。所创建的模型包含了各种通信层的描述,并且模型的仿真允许对时间属性和推断的内存成本进行评估。
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引用次数: 4
A framework for the design of reconfigurable fault tolerant architectures 可重构容错体系结构的设计框架
H. Pham, S. Pillement, O. Pasquier, S. L. Nours
The rapid evolutions in reconfigurable electronic products design permit to handle more and more complex applications. New fields of investigations (i.e. automotive, aerospatial, banking,…) are interesting but require a high level of dependability. This paper proposes a framework to design reconfig-urable architecture supporting fault-tolerance mitigation scheme. The proposed framework allows simulation, validation of mitigation operations, but also to size architecture resources. The implementation of a fault-tolerant reconfigurable platform permits to validate the proposed model and the effectiveness of the framework. This implementation shows the potential of dynamically reconfigurable architectures for supporting fault-tolerance in embedded systems.
可重构电子产品设计的快速发展使其能够处理越来越复杂的应用。新的调查领域(如汽车、航空航天、银行等)很有趣,但需要高水平的可靠性。本文提出了一种支持容错缓解方案的可重构架构设计框架。提议的框架允许模拟、验证缓解操作,但也可以对架构资源进行调整。一个容错可重构平台的实现允许验证所提出的模型和框架的有效性。这个实现显示了动态可重构架构在支持嵌入式系统容错方面的潜力。
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引用次数: 1
Fast and accurate hybrid power estimation methodology for embedded systems 嵌入式系统快速准确的混合功率估计方法
S. Rethinagiri, R. B. Atitallah, S. Niar, E. Senn, J. Dekeyser
Nowadays, having the appropriate Electronic System Level (ESL) tools for power estimation in embedded systems is becoming mandatory. The main challenge for the design of such dedicated tools is to achieve a better trade-offs between accuracy and speed. In this paper, a new power consumption estimation methodology for embedded systems is proposed. First, the Functional Level Power Analysis (FLPA) is used to set up generic power models based on real board measurements. In the second step, a simulation framework is developed to evaluate accurately the architectural parameters of the elaborated power models. The proposed methodology has several benefits: it improves significantly the accuracy of the functional level approach and the power consumption estimation can be accomplished without a costly and complex material. In order to speed up the estimation process, our methodology refers to the selection of data pattern size and to the application sampling technique. Experimental results show that our tool achieves high simulation speed of 21 times faster with a marginal power estimation error of 1%.
如今,在嵌入式系统中使用适当的电子系统级(ESL)工具进行功率估计变得越来越必要。设计这种专用工具的主要挑战是在精度和速度之间实现更好的权衡。本文提出了一种新的嵌入式系统功耗估算方法。首先,使用功能级功率分析(FLPA)建立基于实际电路板测量的通用功率模型。在第二步中,开发了一个仿真框架,以准确评估所阐述的功率模型的结构参数。所提出的方法有几个优点:它显著提高了功能级方法的准确性,并且可以在没有昂贵和复杂材料的情况下完成功耗估计。为了加快估计过程,我们的方法参考了数据模式大小的选择和应用程序采样技术。实验结果表明,该工具的仿真速度提高了21倍,边际功率估计误差为1%。
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引用次数: 10
FPGA dynamic reconfiguration using the RVC technology: Inverse quantization case study 使用RVC技术的FPGA动态重构:逆量化案例研究
M. Hentati, Y. Aoudni, J. Nezan, Mohamed Abid, O. Déforges
With the rapid evolution of technology, the latest FPGA architectures such as Virtex series of Xilinx introduced a new feature called Dynamic Partial Reconfiguration (DPR). This technique allows designer to configure a portion of the FPGA while other parts continue to run on the same FPGA. The design of an embedded system based on the DPR functionality is still complex and tedious. The MPEG consortium proposes the Reconfigurable Video Coding (RVC) technology. RVC provides a high level description of video decoders described as a set of interconnected Functional Units. This paper studies the use of the RVC technology for the specification of an application and the design of a system based on the DPR functionality. In this paper, we study the Inverse Quantization (IQ) algorithm of an MPEG-4 decoder and how to switch between the MPEG-2 and the H263 IQ algorithms using RVC and DPR. This simple and concrete case study highlights the DPR restrictions to take into account in MPEG RVC description in order to use the DPR.
随着技术的快速发展,最新的FPGA架构(如Xilinx的Virtex系列)引入了一种称为动态部分重新配置(DPR)的新功能。这种技术允许设计人员配置FPGA的一部分,而其他部分继续在同一FPGA上运行。基于DPR功能的嵌入式系统的设计仍然是复杂而繁琐的。MPEG联盟提出了可重构视频编码(RVC)技术。RVC提供了视频解码器的高级描述,描述为一组相互连接的功能单元。本文研究了利用RVC技术进行应用程序的规范和基于DPR功能的系统设计。本文研究了MPEG-4解码器的逆量化(IQ)算法,以及如何使用RVC和DPR在MPEG-2和H263 IQ算法之间进行切换。这个简单而具体的案例研究强调了为了使用DPR,在MPEG RVC描述中需要考虑的DPR限制。
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引用次数: 11
Designing processors using MAsS, a modular and lightweight instruction-level exploration tool 使用MAsS设计处理器,这是一个模块化的轻量级指令级探索工具
Matthieu Texier, E. Piriou, M. Thévenin, R. David
As application complexity increases, the design of efficient computing architectures able to cope with embedded constraints requires a fine algorithm analysis. This paper proposes an original approach based on Modular Assembly Simulator (MAsS) tool that allows Design Space Exploration (DSE) for programmable processors. The originality of the method resides in its capacity to generate operator level simulators allowing a quick code analysis from real data sets. This paper also presents two successfully designed architectures using MAsS.
随着应用复杂性的增加,设计能够处理嵌入式约束的高效计算体系结构需要对算法进行细致的分析。提出了一种基于模块化装配模拟器(MAsS)工具的可编程处理器设计空间探索(DSE)方法。该方法的独创性在于其生成操作员级模拟器的能力,允许从真实数据集进行快速代码分析。本文还介绍了两个使用MAsS。
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引用次数: 2
Development of a method for image-based motion estimation of a VTOL-MAV on FPGA 基于FPGA的垂直起降飞行器图像运动估计方法研究
N. Frietsch, I. Pashkovskiy, G. Trommer, L. Braun, M. Birk, M. Hübner, J. Becker
In this paper, the development of the vision based motion estimation for a small-scale VTOL-MAV as well as the implementation on FPGA are investigated. Especially in urban environments the GPS signal quality is disturbed by shading and multipath propagation and an augmentation with another sensor is inevitable. The vision system bases on the analysis of the sparse optical flow that is extracted from images taken by the onboard camera. From the extracted point correspondences projective transformations are estimated with a robust parameter estimation algorithm. As the underlying image processing routines are computationally expensive but can be processed in parallel they have been implemented on FPGA. The different parts of the algorithm as well as the implementation are covered in detail.
本文研究了基于视觉的小型垂直起降飞行器运动估计的发展及其在FPGA上的实现。特别是在城市环境中,GPS信号质量受到阴影和多径传播的干扰,不可避免地需要另一个传感器的增强。该视觉系统基于对从机载相机拍摄的图像中提取的稀疏光流进行分析。用鲁棒参数估计算法对提取的点对应进行投影变换估计。由于底层图像处理例程计算成本高,但可以并行处理,因此在FPGA上实现。详细介绍了算法的不同部分以及实现。
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引用次数: 2
A new approach to 3D form recognition within video capsule endoscopic 视频胶囊内窥镜内三维形态识别的新方法
J. Ayoub, B. Granado, O. Romain, Y. Mohanna
This paper describes a novel approach to capsular endoscopy that takes advantage of existing wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) and overcomes some of its important limits. The basic and essential task concerning the integration of SVM classifier is listed and discussed in details, as well as the new features required to improve its diagnostic capability. In addition, a large scale demonstrator has been evaluated and tested. In vitro experimental results were encouraging and show correct classification rate of intestinal polyps of approximately 93.7%. The work contains detailed statistics about the detection rate and the computing complexity.
本文介绍了一种利用现有无线胶囊内窥镜(WCE)的新方法,并克服了其一些重要的局限性。详细列出并讨论了集成支持向量机分类器的基本和关键任务,以及提高其诊断能力所需的新特征。此外,还对大型验证机进行了评估和测试。体外实验结果令人鼓舞,肠息肉的正确分类率约为93.7%。该工作包含了对检测率和计算复杂度的详细统计。
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引用次数: 1
A flexible NoC-based LDPC code decoder implementation and bandwidth reduction methods 一种灵活的基于noc的LDPC码解码器实现及带宽降低方法
C. Condo, G. Masera
The need for efficient and flexible LDPC (Low Density parity Check) code decoders is rising due to the growing number and variety of standards that adopt this kind of error correcting codes in wireless applications. From the implementation point of view, the decoding of LDPC codes implies intensive computation and communication among hardware components. These processing capabilities are usually obtained by allocating a sufficient number of processing elements (PEs) and proper interconnect structures. In this paper, Network on Chip (NoC) concepts are applied to the design of a fully flexible decoder, capable to support any LDPC code with no constraints on code structure. It is shown that NoC based decoders also achieve relevant throughput values, comparable to those obtained by several specialized decoders. Moreover, the paper explores the area and power overhead introduced by the NoC approach. In particular, two methods are proposed to reduce the traffic injected in the network during the decoding process, namely early stopping of iterations and message stopping. These methods are usually adopted to increase throughput. On the contrary, in this paper, we leverage iteration and message stopping to cut the area and power overhead of NoC based decoders. It is shown that, by reducing the traffic injected in the NoC and the number of iterations performed by the decoding algorithm, the decoder can be scaled to lower degrees of parallelism with small losses in terms of BER (Bit Error Rate) performance. VLSI synthesis results on a 130 nm technology show up to 50% area and energy reduction while maintaining an almost constant throughput.
由于在无线应用中采用这种纠错码的标准越来越多,对高效灵活的LDPC(低密度奇偶校验)码解码器的需求正在上升。从实现的角度来看,LDPC码的解码意味着硬件组件之间的密集计算和通信。这些处理能力通常通过分配足够数量的处理元件(pe)和适当的互连结构来获得。在本文中,网络片上(NoC)的概念被应用到一个完全灵活的解码器的设计,能够支持任何LDPC码没有限制的代码结构。结果表明,基于NoC的解码器也达到了相关的吞吐量值,可与几种专用解码器获得的吞吐量值相媲美。此外,本文还探讨了NoC方法所带来的面积和功率开销。特别提出了两种减少网络在解码过程中注入的流量的方法,即提前停止迭代和消息停止。通常采用这些方法来提高吞吐量。相反,在本文中,我们利用迭代和消息停止来减少基于NoC的解码器的面积和功耗开销。结果表明,通过减少NoC中注入的流量和解码算法执行的迭代次数,可以将解码器扩展到较低的并行度,并且在BER(误码率)性能方面损失较小。在130纳米技术上的VLSI合成结果显示,在保持几乎恒定的吞吐量的同时,面积和能量减少了50%。
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引用次数: 8
Methodology for designing partially reconfigurable systems using transaction-level modeling 使用事务级建模设计部分可重构系统的方法学
François Duhem, F. Muller, P. Lorenzini
As a matter of fact, there is a lack of tools handling partially reconfigurable FPGAs modeling at a high level of abstraction that give sufficient degree of freedom to the designer for testing scheduling algorithms. In this paper, we present our methodology to fill this gap and take into account partial reconfiguration into high-level modeling with SystemC. Our approach relies on dynamic threads to change the functionality of modules during runtime and on transaction level modeling for all the communications. We introduce a reconfiguration manager to develop and validate scheduling algorithms for hardware tasks management. Moreover, our simulator performs design space exploration in order to find a viable implementation (in terms of reconfigurable zones) for a given application. Our methodology is validated with the modeling of a dynamically reconfigurable video transcoding chain.
事实上,缺乏在高层次抽象上处理部分可重构fpga建模的工具,这为设计人员测试调度算法提供了足够的自由度。在本文中,我们提出了我们的方法来填补这一空白,并将部分重新配置考虑到使用SystemC进行高级建模。我们的方法依赖于动态线程在运行时更改模块的功能,并依赖于所有通信的事务级建模。我们引入了一个重构管理器来开发和验证硬件任务管理的调度算法。此外,我们的模拟器执行设计空间探索,以便为给定应用程序找到可行的实现(就可重构区域而言)。通过动态可重构视频转码链的建模验证了我们的方法。
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引用次数: 9
期刊
Proceedings of the 2011 Conference on Design & Architectures for Signal & Image Processing (DASIP)
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