Background and purpose: The moth fauna of Croatia is still insufficiently surveyed. During the last several years, several overviews of the moth fauna for several locations were published and several new species for the country had been found. Only two species from Annexes II and IV of the Habitats Directive are listed for Croatia. A third is known to occur in the country, but has been omitted due to a lack of recent records. Presented here is the first record of a fourth species from the Annexes – Arytrura musculus.Materials and methods: This survey was carried out on one location in Nature Park Lonjsko Polje, on 17.6.2016. The habitat at the location is typical for the area, consisting of floodplain oak forests with Genista tinctoria. Two pyramidal light traps were used.Results: One specimen of Arytrura musculus was found. This is a rare and disjunctly distributed species across Eastern Europe. The closest known populations to the Croatian locality are situated in Hungary, 122 and 130 km away.Conclusions: This species needs to be added onto the list of Natura 2000 species for the Nature Park and for the whole country at the earliest possible convenience. Detailed surveys of the entire Lonjsko Polje Nature Park and other wetland areas in northern Croatia are needed in order to ascertain the distribution, assess the status and assure the long-term conservation of this species in the country.
{"title":"On the discovery of Arytrura musculus (Menetries, 1859) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) in Croatia","authors":"T. Koren, M. Zadravec, Boris Lauš","doi":"10.18054/PB.V119I4.4740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18054/PB.V119I4.4740","url":null,"abstract":"Background and purpose: The moth fauna of Croatia is still insufficiently surveyed. During the last several years, several overviews of the moth fauna for several locations were published and several new species for the country had been found. Only two species from Annexes II and IV of the Habitats Directive are listed for Croatia. A third is known to occur in the country, but has been omitted due to a lack of recent records. Presented here is the first record of a fourth species from the Annexes – Arytrura musculus.Materials and methods: This survey was carried out on one location in Nature Park Lonjsko Polje, on 17.6.2016. The habitat at the location is typical for the area, consisting of floodplain oak forests with Genista tinctoria. Two pyramidal light traps were used.Results: One specimen of Arytrura musculus was found. This is a rare and disjunctly distributed species across Eastern Europe. The closest known populations to the Croatian locality are situated in Hungary, 122 and 130 km away.Conclusions: This species needs to be added onto the list of Natura 2000 species for the Nature Park and for the whole country at the earliest possible convenience. Detailed surveys of the entire Lonjsko Polje Nature Park and other wetland areas in northern Croatia are needed in order to ascertain the distribution, assess the status and assure the long-term conservation of this species in the country.","PeriodicalId":19950,"journal":{"name":"Periodicum Biologorum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.18054/PB.V119I4.4740","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41575046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Čarni, Nina Juvan Mastnak, I. Dakskobler, L. Kutnar, A. Marinšek, U. Šilc
Background and Purpose: Tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima) is one of the most invasive tree species in Slovenia. Since its invasion into forests is expected, we must raise public awareness and prepare guidelines for forest management in the presence of invasive species. The aim of the research was to predict the potential distribution of tree of heaven, to detect the most endangered forest communities and to discover what characteristics of forest stands make them susceptible.Materials and methods: From databases, literature sources and field observations, we collected all localities in which tree of heaven appears. We assigned these localities geological, geomorphological, soil and climatic data. We then built an ecological model and prepared a map of potential distribution. Based on the modelled future distribution of tree of heaven, we randomly selected and sampled 50 plots in the area in which invasion is expected and beyond this area. We analyzed their morphological and ecological strategies, ecological condition, origin and social behavior spectrum.Results: We found that it has the largest invasive potential in western Slovenia. The model showed that the most susceptible forest communities appear in warm areas with pronounced climatic seasonality. Many differences occur in floristics and plant traits of forest communities in extreme positions, in terms of susceptibility to invasion, but in transitional areas, these differences are not so obvious, only a higher pH of soil and absence of species characteristic of acidophilus communities are an indicator of vulnerability.Conclusion: Susceptibility to invasion by tree of heaven is mainly influenced by macro-climatic conditions; in the transitional zone, communities thriving on shallow, carbonate bedrock are more vulnerable.
{"title":"Prediction of the appearance of tree of heaven in forest communities in western Slovenia","authors":"A. Čarni, Nina Juvan Mastnak, I. Dakskobler, L. Kutnar, A. Marinšek, U. Šilc","doi":"10.18054/PB.V119I4.4483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18054/PB.V119I4.4483","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Purpose: Tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima) is one of the most invasive tree species in Slovenia. Since its invasion into forests is expected, we must raise public awareness and prepare guidelines for forest management in the presence of invasive species. The aim of the research was to predict the potential distribution of tree of heaven, to detect the most endangered forest communities and to discover what characteristics of forest stands make them susceptible.Materials and methods: From databases, literature sources and field observations, we collected all localities in which tree of heaven appears. We assigned these localities geological, geomorphological, soil and climatic data. We then built an ecological model and prepared a map of potential distribution. Based on the modelled future distribution of tree of heaven, we randomly selected and sampled 50 plots in the area in which invasion is expected and beyond this area. We analyzed their morphological and ecological strategies, ecological condition, origin and social behavior spectrum.Results: We found that it has the largest invasive potential in western Slovenia. The model showed that the most susceptible forest communities appear in warm areas with pronounced climatic seasonality. Many differences occur in floristics and plant traits of forest communities in extreme positions, in terms of susceptibility to invasion, but in transitional areas, these differences are not so obvious, only a higher pH of soil and absence of species characteristic of acidophilus communities are an indicator of vulnerability.Conclusion: Susceptibility to invasion by tree of heaven is mainly influenced by macro-climatic conditions; in the transitional zone, communities thriving on shallow, carbonate bedrock are more vulnerable.","PeriodicalId":19950,"journal":{"name":"Periodicum Biologorum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45970333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distribution of alien species along sand dune plant communities zonation","authors":"D. Stešević","doi":"10.18054/PB.V119I4.4917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18054/PB.V119I4.4917","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19950,"journal":{"name":"Periodicum Biologorum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43180350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and purpose: The objectives of our study were to identify invasive alien plant species (IAS) in the main Natura 2000 forest habitat types (FHT) along the Mura River in Slovenia, and to estimate their abundance and cover. The aim of our study was to find out a) What kinds of IAS appear in the research forests? b) What is their frequency and cover percentage? c) Are individual IAS more attached to some FHT than others? d) What is the correlation between the cover of IAS and the tree layer cover?Materials and methods: We analysed the fidelity of invasive plant species to individual FHT. The studied FHTs along the Mura River were following: 91E0* (Alluvial forests with Alnus glutinosa and Fraxinus excelsior), 91F0 (Riparian mixed forests of Quercus robur, Ulmus laevis and Ulmus minor, Fraxinus excelsior or Fraxinus angustifolia, along the great rivers) and 91L0 (Illyrian oak-hornbeam forests). Two forest areas of about 600 ha were studied in total.Results: 16 IAS were recorded in studied FHTs. Some species, like Robinia pseudacacia, Impatiens glandulifera, I. parviflora, Fallopia japonica (incl. F. x bohemica), Erigeron annuus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Amorpha fruticosa, Conyza canadensis and Juncus tenuis occur only in one or two FHTs, while some species can be found in all studied FHTs (like Solidago sp.). We have found that the most threatened forests are those with prevailing Salix alba, Alnus glutinosa, Fraxinus angustifolia and Ulmus laevis, tree species, which grow closest to the river and on the wettest sites.Conclusions: The increasing presence of IAS in the study areas seriously affect natural regeneration, stability, and continuity of floodplain FHTs. Therefore, some measures and guidelines for managing of these forests are suggested in this study.
{"title":"Occurrence of invasive alien plant species in the floodplain forests along the Mura River in Slovenia","authors":"A. Marinšek, L. Kutnar","doi":"10.18054/PB.V119I4.4933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18054/PB.V119I4.4933","url":null,"abstract":"Background and purpose: The objectives of our study were to identify invasive alien plant species (IAS) in the main Natura 2000 forest habitat types (FHT) along the Mura River in Slovenia, and to estimate their abundance and cover. The aim of our study was to find out a) What kinds of IAS appear in the research forests? b) What is their frequency and cover percentage? c) Are individual IAS more attached to some FHT than others? d) What is the correlation between the cover of IAS and the tree layer cover?Materials and methods: We analysed the fidelity of invasive plant species to individual FHT. The studied FHTs along the Mura River were following: 91E0* (Alluvial forests with Alnus glutinosa and Fraxinus excelsior), 91F0 (Riparian mixed forests of Quercus robur, Ulmus laevis and Ulmus minor, Fraxinus excelsior or Fraxinus angustifolia, along the great rivers) and 91L0 (Illyrian oak-hornbeam forests). Two forest areas of about 600 ha were studied in total.Results: 16 IAS were recorded in studied FHTs. Some species, like Robinia pseudacacia, Impatiens glandulifera, I. parviflora, Fallopia japonica (incl. F. x bohemica), Erigeron annuus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Amorpha fruticosa, Conyza canadensis and Juncus tenuis occur only in one or two FHTs, while some species can be found in all studied FHTs (like Solidago sp.). We have found that the most threatened forests are those with prevailing Salix alba, Alnus glutinosa, Fraxinus angustifolia and Ulmus laevis, tree species, which grow closest to the river and on the wettest sites.Conclusions: The increasing presence of IAS in the study areas seriously affect natural regeneration, stability, and continuity of floodplain FHTs. Therefore, some measures and guidelines for managing of these forests are suggested in this study.","PeriodicalId":19950,"journal":{"name":"Periodicum Biologorum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47794579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Doerte Goertz, M. Pernek, Uwe Haendel, Bernhard Kohlmayr, R. Wegensteiner
{"title":"Infection, course of disease and action of Canningia tomici in Tomicus piniperda and Tomicus minor (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)","authors":"Doerte Goertz, M. Pernek, Uwe Haendel, Bernhard Kohlmayr, R. Wegensteiner","doi":"10.18054/PB.V119I4.4998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18054/PB.V119I4.4998","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19950,"journal":{"name":"Periodicum Biologorum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49628889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Building on the proposition of the Sexual Strategies Theory that sex differences in mating strategies and intrasexual competition will be reflected in sexual signaling behavior towards possible mates, we sought to examine if such strategies would be observable on social networking sites. For the purpose of the study, ten male and ten female public profile pictures were randomly selected from a large pool of users ( N = 1386) who chose to participate in the study and subscribed to a Facebook page created in order to aggregate users with an interest in Evolutionary psychology. Selected profile photos were then included in an online evaluation protocol, filled out by 31 independent raters, resulting in a total of 620 ratings. The protocol addressed nine evolutionarily relevant partner choice characteristics; 1) physical strength or athleticism, (2) access to resources or material possessions, (3) ambition or industriousness, (4) social status, (5) intelligence, (6) features of physical appearance, (7) features accentuating youthfulness, (8) high activity level, and (9) flirtatious behavior. Males more frequently emphasized cues of social status, ambition and access to material resources, whereas females tended to emphasize features of physical appearance and of youthfulness. Furthermore, the perception of masculinity was mostly tied to the display of resources and physical strength, as was femininity to physical appearance and flirtatious behavior. The Sexual Strategies Theory predictions of mating display behaviors were confirmed in online settings, demonstrating the robustness of sex differences in mating-related behaviors.
{"title":"Stone-age strategies and space-age media: Sex differences in sexual signaling on Facebook","authors":"Igor Mikloušić, M. Karabegović, Lukrecija Puljic","doi":"10.18054/PB.V119I4.5787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18054/PB.V119I4.5787","url":null,"abstract":"Building on the proposition of the Sexual Strategies Theory that sex differences in mating strategies and intrasexual competition will be reflected in sexual signaling behavior towards possible mates, we sought to examine if such strategies would be observable on social networking sites. For the purpose of the study, ten male and ten female public profile pictures were randomly selected from a large pool of users ( N = 1386) who chose to participate in the study and subscribed to a Facebook page created in order to aggregate users with an interest in Evolutionary psychology. Selected profile photos were then included in an online evaluation protocol, filled out by 31 independent raters, resulting in a total of 620 ratings. The protocol addressed nine evolutionarily relevant partner choice characteristics; 1) physical strength or athleticism, (2) access to resources or material possessions, (3) ambition or industriousness, (4) social status, (5) intelligence, (6) features of physical appearance, (7) features accentuating youthfulness, (8) high activity level, and (9) flirtatious behavior. Males more frequently emphasized cues of social status, ambition and access to material resources, whereas females tended to emphasize features of physical appearance and of youthfulness. Furthermore, the perception of masculinity was mostly tied to the display of resources and physical strength, as was femininity to physical appearance and flirtatious behavior. The Sexual Strategies Theory predictions of mating display behaviors were confirmed in online settings, demonstrating the robustness of sex differences in mating-related behaviors.","PeriodicalId":19950,"journal":{"name":"Periodicum Biologorum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45945667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and purpose: In the current study we aimed to investigate the lysosomal membrane stability in haemocytes of the invasive mollusk zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha Pallas, 1771) by applying the neutral red retention assay (NRRA), as well as changes in the respiration rate and survival under acute heavy metal exposure. Materials and methods: The mussels were treated with different decreasing concentrations of nickel (Ni) and lead (Pb) in laboratory conditions for a total acute period of 72 hours. These metals are considered as priority substances in surface waters according to Directive 2013/39/EU of the European parliament and of the Council amending Directives 2000/60/EC and 2008/105/EC as regards priority substances in the field of water policy. The metal concentrations were prepared as 75, 50 and 25 % of the maximum allowable concentrations (100% MAC) set by law. Results and conclusions: In sum, after 24 and 72 h we found that the lysosomes in the mussels exposed to all Ni and Pb concentrations, including the ones below the MAC (75 and 50 % from MAC) retained the dye shorter than the accepted minimum of 90 min. In addition, the respiration rate increased in a dose-dependent manner. Overall, we can conclude that the acute metal exposure lead to destabilization of the lysosomal membrane stability and changes in the respiration rate of zebra mussel, therefore altered physiological functions. We consider that such experiments could be successfully applied in risk assessment and monitoring programs on metal-contaminated aquatic systems, and the obtained results could be used in the field of water policy, respectively.
{"title":"Lysosomal membrane stability and respiration rate in zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) as biomarkers for ex situ heavy metal exposure","authors":"V. Yancheva","doi":"10.18054/pb.v119i4.4715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18054/pb.v119i4.4715","url":null,"abstract":"Background and purpose: In the current study we aimed to investigate the lysosomal membrane stability in haemocytes of the invasive mollusk zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha Pallas, 1771) by applying the neutral red retention assay (NRRA), as well as changes in the respiration rate and survival under acute heavy metal exposure. Materials and methods: The mussels were treated with different decreasing concentrations of nickel (Ni) and lead (Pb) in laboratory conditions for a total acute period of 72 hours. These metals are considered as priority substances in surface waters according to Directive 2013/39/EU of the European parliament and of the Council amending Directives 2000/60/EC and 2008/105/EC as regards priority substances in the field of water policy. The metal concentrations were prepared as 75, 50 and 25 % of the maximum allowable concentrations (100% MAC) set by law. Results and conclusions: In sum, after 24 and 72 h we found that the lysosomes in the mussels exposed to all Ni and Pb concentrations, including the ones below the MAC (75 and 50 % from MAC) retained the dye shorter than the accepted minimum of 90 min. In addition, the respiration rate increased in a dose-dependent manner. Overall, we can conclude that the acute metal exposure lead to destabilization of the lysosomal membrane stability and changes in the respiration rate of zebra mussel, therefore altered physiological functions. We consider that such experiments could be successfully applied in risk assessment and monitoring programs on metal-contaminated aquatic systems, and the obtained results could be used in the field of water policy, respectively.","PeriodicalId":19950,"journal":{"name":"Periodicum Biologorum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.18054/pb.v119i4.4715","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49333247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and purpose: Invasion by alien plant species is considered as one of major threats to biodiversity. Actual invasion of different habitats in particular country is important for understanding processes that are important in invasion ecology as well as for the nature conservation. Materials and methods: Vegetation releves stored in a database Vegetation of Slovenia were translated into 30 EUNIS habitat types which enables comparison with similar studies in other European countries. Out of the 18 606 plots stored in the database stratified resampling yielded 6 517 releves. For each vegetation plot we calculated mean relative species richness per plot and total cover of archeophytes, neophytes and native species. Results: Most invaded habitat type with the highest species percentages of alien species (archaeophytes and neophytes) is arable land (I1). In addition, archaeophytes occur in higher percentages in trampled areas, anthropogenic herb stands, mesic grasslands, and moist tall-herb stands. Neophytes are on the other hand highly represented in arable land, trampled areas, but also riverine scrubs and wet and moist tall-herb stands. Conclusions: Pattern across different regions in Europe is very similar with anthropogenous habitats being the most invaded by alien species.
{"title":"Alien species in different habitat types of Slovenia: analysis of vegetation database","authors":"F. Küzmič, U. Šilc","doi":"10.18054/PB.V119I3.5183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18054/PB.V119I3.5183","url":null,"abstract":"Background and purpose: Invasion by alien plant species is considered as one of major threats to biodiversity. Actual invasion of different habitats in particular country is important for understanding processes that are important in invasion ecology as well as for the nature conservation. Materials and methods: Vegetation releves stored in a database Vegetation of Slovenia were translated into 30 EUNIS habitat types which enables comparison with similar studies in other European countries. Out of the 18 606 plots stored in the database stratified resampling yielded 6 517 releves. For each vegetation plot we calculated mean relative species richness per plot and total cover of archeophytes, neophytes and native species. Results: Most invaded habitat type with the highest species percentages of alien species (archaeophytes and neophytes) is arable land (I1). In addition, archaeophytes occur in higher percentages in trampled areas, anthropogenic herb stands, mesic grasslands, and moist tall-herb stands. Neophytes are on the other hand highly represented in arable land, trampled areas, but also riverine scrubs and wet and moist tall-herb stands. Conclusions: Pattern across different regions in Europe is very similar with anthropogenous habitats being the most invaded by alien species.","PeriodicalId":19950,"journal":{"name":"Periodicum Biologorum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46146187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and purpose: In this study, it was aimed to determine the influence of the position where explant was taken, on gene transfer via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). Materials and methods: In the study, three different hypocotyl explants, 0.5 cm long, were used according to the position where they were isolated from. Seven-day-old sterile seedlings having cotyledon leaves and no root system were inoculated with bacterial solution for 20 min. GV2260 line of Agrobacterium tumefaciens having ‘pBIN 19’ plasmid containing npt II gene and GUS reporter gene, was used in transformation studies. After inoculation, hypocotyl section of the seedlings was divided into 3 parts labeled with number 1 (part above the root), number 2 (part above number 1) and number 3 (part below cotyledon leaves) and these parts were left to co-cultivation for 2 days. Then, hypocotyl segments were transferred to selection medium containing antibiotics. The presence of npt-II (neomycin phosphotransferase II) gene in transformants was confirmed by PCR analysis. Results: It was observed that the highest transgenic plant number was obtained from the explants taken from the region labeled 1, which was followed by explants taken from the region labeled 2. No transgenic plants could be obtained from explants isolated from region labeled 3. Conclusions: This study showed that not only explant type but also the position explant was excised from is very important in gene transfer via Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
{"title":"Explant position effect on gene transformation to flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) via Agrobacterium tumefaciens","authors":"Ramazan Beyaz","doi":"10.18054/PB.V119I3.5020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18054/PB.V119I3.5020","url":null,"abstract":"Background and purpose: In this study, it was aimed to determine the influence of the position where explant was taken, on gene transfer via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). Materials and methods: In the study, three different hypocotyl explants, 0.5 cm long, were used according to the position where they were isolated from. Seven-day-old sterile seedlings having cotyledon leaves and no root system were inoculated with bacterial solution for 20 min. GV2260 line of Agrobacterium tumefaciens having ‘pBIN 19’ plasmid containing npt II gene and GUS reporter gene, was used in transformation studies. After inoculation, hypocotyl section of the seedlings was divided into 3 parts labeled with number 1 (part above the root), number 2 (part above number 1) and number 3 (part below cotyledon leaves) and these parts were left to co-cultivation for 2 days. Then, hypocotyl segments were transferred to selection medium containing antibiotics. The presence of npt-II (neomycin phosphotransferase II) gene in transformants was confirmed by PCR analysis. Results: It was observed that the highest transgenic plant number was obtained from the explants taken from the region labeled 1, which was followed by explants taken from the region labeled 2. No transgenic plants could be obtained from explants isolated from region labeled 3. Conclusions: This study showed that not only explant type but also the position explant was excised from is very important in gene transfer via Agrobacterium tumefaciens.","PeriodicalId":19950,"journal":{"name":"Periodicum Biologorum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2017-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44159606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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