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The variety of abomasal nematode communities of captive and free-roaming populations of European bison, Bison bonasus (L.): a morphometric and molecular approach. 欧洲野牛(Bison bonasus (L.))圈养种群和散养种群口线虫群落的多样性:形态计量学和分子方法。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1017/S003118202400088X
Marta Gałązka, Katarzyna Filip-Hutsch, Daniel Klich, Wanda Olech, Krzysztof Anusz, Anna M Pyziel

Most studies concerning parasitic infections in European bison have been performed on free-ranging animals: comparatively little is known about the abomasal nematodes of captive wisents, which are widely used in reintroduction programmes. The aim of the study was to determine the infection level and species composition of abomasal nematodes in captive European bison in enclosures (including zoos) and breeding centres compared to free-ranging individuals. It also includes a morphological analysis of the parasites based on figures and measurement data. Altogether, 11 species of nematodes were detected, with both captive and free-ranging animals demonstrating similar species compositions. Among those, 2 species of blood-sucking nematodes were detected, including Ashworthius sidemi and Haemonchus contortus. Interestingly, A. sidemi was found in almost all free-roaming animals, but only in 1 captive European bison. In addition, H. contortus was predominant in captive animals. The morphological identification was confirmed molecularly for 5 nematode species: A. sidemi, H. contortus, Ostertagia kolchida, O. ostertagi and Spiculopteragia boehmi. The identification was performed using small subunit ribosomal rDNA. The study provides the first available set of specular lengths of the gastric nematodes of European bison, and the first molecular data of O. kolchida and S. boehmi derived from the same host species. Our findings may simplify the morphometrical and molecular identification of Trichostrongylidae species infecting European bison, and can be useful in developing new management strategies for populations of this near-threatened species in Europe.

有关欧洲野牛寄生虫感染的大多数研究都是针对自由放养的野牛进行的,而对圈养野牛的腹线虫却知之甚少。这项研究的目的是确定圈养欧洲野牛(包括动物园)和繁殖中心中的腹线虫的感染水平和物种组成,并与散养个体进行比较。研究还包括根据数字和测量数据对寄生虫进行形态分析。共检测到 11 种线虫,圈养和放养动物的线虫种类组成相似。其中,有 2 种吸血线虫被检测到,分别是 Ashworthius sidemi 和 Haemonchus contortus。有趣的是,几乎所有自由活动的动物体内都发现了吸血线虫,但只有 1 头圈养的欧洲野牛体内发现了这种线虫。此外,在人工饲养的野牛中,主要发现的是霍乱弧菌。5 种线虫的形态学鉴定得到了分子证实:A. sidemi、H. contortus、Ostertagia kolchida、O. ostertagi 和 Spiculopteragia boehmi。鉴定是通过小亚基核糖体 rDNA 进行的。这项研究首次提供了欧洲野牛胃线虫的镜检长度,并首次提供了来自同一宿主物种的 O. kolchida 和 S. boehmi 的分子数据。我们的发现可能会简化感染欧洲野牛的三代线虫物种的形态学和分子鉴定,并有助于为欧洲这一濒临灭绝物种的种群制定新的管理策略。
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引用次数: 0
Morphological and molecular characterization of Henneguya cardii n. sp. (Cnidaria: Myxosporea) from the bulbus arteriosus of European seabass Dicentrarchus labrax (Teleostei: Moronidae). Henneguya cardii n. sp. (Cnidaria: Myxosporea) 的形态学和分子特征。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1017/S0031182024001112
Luis F Rangel, Ricardo Severino, Maria J Santos, Sónia Rocha

A new species of Myxobolidae, Henneguya cardii n. sp., is described infecting the European seabass Dicentrarchus labrax, a fish of high commercial value intensively cultivated in southern Europe. Henneguya cardii n. sp. was found in the bulbus arteriosus and spleen with a prevalence of infection of 13.5%. In the heart, it forms irregular whitish plasmodia measuring 1 mm in size. Mature myxospores are broadly obovoid in frontal view and ellipsoidal in lateral view, with 2 equal caudal appendages. Polar capsules are ovoid and symmetric, with 3–4 polar tubule coils. Myxospores measure 10.2 ± 0.6 (8.8–11.6) μm in length, 8.0 ± 0.7 (5.3–8.8) μm in width and 5.6 ± 0.2 (5.1–6.4) μm in thickness. Caudal appendages are 36.6 ± 3.2 (27.4–42.9) μm long. Total spore length is 47.6 ± 3.2 (41.2–53.2) μm. Polar capsules measure 4.0 ± 0.2 (3.4–4.6) by 2.2 ± 0.1 (1.9–2.6) μm. Small subunit ribosomal RNA-based tree topologies position H. cardii n. sp. within a lineage of marine myxobolids that is mostly comprised of other Henneguya species. Host-relatedness is reinforced as the main evolutionary driver for myxobolids, with the positioning of H. cardii n. sp. further suggesting tissue tropism as another important evolutionary driver for marine heart infecting Henneguya. Nonetheless, the inner complexity of this lineage suggests that identification of the evolutionary patterns driving its phylogeny will require discovery of the true diversity of marine myxobolids.

该研究描述了一种新的糠虾科鱼类--Henneguya cardii n.sp.,它感染了欧洲鲈鱼(Dicentrarchus labrax),这是一种在南欧集中养殖的具有很高商业价值的鱼类。Henneguya cardii n. sp. 在球动脉和脾脏中被发现,感染率为 13.5%。它在心脏中形成不规则的白色质点,大小为 1 毫米。成熟的肌孢子正面看呈宽倒卵球形,侧面看呈椭圆形,有两个等长的尾部附属物。极囊呈卵圆形,对称,有 3-4 个极管线圈。肌孢子长度为 10.2 ± 0.6(8.8-11.6)微米,宽度为 8.0 ± 0.7(5.3-8.8)微米,厚度为 5.6 ± 0.2(5.1-6.4)微米。尾部附属物长 36.6 ± 3.2 (27.4-42.9) μm。孢子总长度为 47.6 ± 3.2 (41.2-53.2) μm。极蒴尺寸为 4.0 ± 0.2 (3.4-4.6) x 2.2 ± 0.1 (1.9-2.6) μm。基于小亚基核糖体 RNA 的树拓扑结构将 H. cardii n. sp.H. cardii n. sp.的定位进一步表明,组织滋养是海洋心脏感染 Henneguya 的另一个重要进化驱动力。尽管如此,该种的内在复杂性表明,要确定驱动其系统发育的进化模式,还需要发现海洋蕈蚊的真正多样性。
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引用次数: 0
Host genotype and infection status interact to shape microbiomes in Daphnia magna. 宿主基因型和感染状态相互作用,形成大型蚤体内的微生物群。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1017/S0031182024000787
Amruta Rajarajan, Ellen Decaestecker, Lore Bulteel, Jean-Claude Walser, Piet Spaak, Justyna Wolinska

Host–bacterial communities (microbiomes) are influenced by a wide range of factors including host genotype and parasite exposure. However, few studies disentangle temporal and host-genotype-specific variation in microbiome response to infection across several host tissues. We experimentally exposed the freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna to its fungal parasite Metschnikowia bicuspidata and characterized changes in host–bacterial communities associated with the parasite's development within the host. We used 16S rRNA gene sequencing to assess bacterial communities of the host (a) 24 h (‘initial parasite exposure’) and (b) 10 days (‘successful infection’) after exposure to a standard dose of M. bicuspidata spores, in host guts, body tissue (excluding guts) and whole individuals. We also investigated whether bacterial community responses to parasite exposure varied by host genotype.Parasite exposure did not immediately alter host gut bacterial communities, but drove host-genotype-specific changes in the bacterial community composition of whole individuals. We validated that these changes were not driven by shifts in bacterial communities of the culturing medium, due to the addition of the parasite spore solution. Successful infection (i.e. the proliferation of M. bicuspidata spores in the host body) reduced alpha diversity and shifted abundance of dominant bacterial orders in the gut. Moreover, it induced a host-genotype-specific changes in body bacterial community composition. Overall, bacterial community responses to parasite exposure and subsequent infection are complex: they occur in a host-genotype-dependent manner, differentially at distinct timepoints after parasite exposure, and in specific host tissue.

宿主-细菌群落(微生物组)受宿主基因型和寄生虫暴露等多种因素的影响。然而,很少有研究能区分微生物组对多种宿主组织感染的反应在时间和宿主基因型上的特异性差异。我们通过实验将淡水甲壳动物大型蚤暴露于真菌寄生虫 Metschnikowia bicuspidata,并描述了寄生虫在宿主体内发育过程中宿主细菌群落的变化。我们使用 16S rRNA 基因测序法评估了宿主(a)暴露于标准剂量的 M. bicuspidata 孢子 24 小时后("初始寄生虫暴露")和(b)10 天后("成功感染")宿主内脏、身体组织(不包括内脏)和整个个体中的细菌群落。寄生虫暴露并不会立即改变宿主肠道细菌群落,但会促使宿主基因型特异性地改变整个个体的细菌群落组成。我们验证了这些变化不是由于加入寄生虫孢子溶液导致培养基中细菌群落发生变化而引起的。成功的感染(即双孢蘑菇孢子在宿主体内的增殖)降低了肠道中优势菌目的α多样性和丰度。此外,它还诱导宿主基因型特异性地改变体内细菌群落组成。总之,细菌群落对寄生虫暴露和随后感染的反应是复杂的:它们以依赖于宿主基因型的方式发生,在寄生虫暴露后的不同时间点和特定宿主组织中发生不同的反应。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding American tegumentary leishmaniasis in urban Montes Claros, Brazil: insights from clinical, immunological and therapeutic investigations. 了解巴西蒙特斯克拉罗斯市的美洲利什曼病:从临床、免疫学和治疗调查中获得的启示。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1017/S0031182024001057
Dayse M S Lopes, Jackeline M S Lima, Karine S M Ribeiro, Clarissa F Gomes, Rebeca M Rocha, Thainara S Gonçalves, Thallyta M Vieira, Sílvio F de Carvalho, M G Finn, Ana Paula Venuto, Alexandre F Marques

The challenge of American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) continues in Brazil, presenting a persistent public health issue despite initiatives aimed at public outreach, vector control and health education. To gain a deeper understanding of this disease, a study was conducted in an endemic region located in the northern region of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The study monitored 30 resident patients diagnosed with ATL, using serum samples from 6 healthy individuals as controls. The localized cutaneous form of the disease was found to be predominant, with lesions appearing on various parts of the body and the majority of the affected individuals being male. The study found significantly higher levels of IgG anti-α-Gal antibodies in ATL-infected patients compared to healthy individuals. Treatment of 19 patients with meglumine antimoniate resulted in limited improvement in symptoms for most. Nonetheless, the study found that 12 patients who completed treatment with epithelialization of the lesions showed a significant decrease in IgG anti-α-Gal antibodies, indicating potential applications of this antibody in the diagnosis and monitoring of the disease. The study also identified Leishmania species in 7 analysed patients, revealing 6 cases infected by Leishmania braziliensis and 1 by L. infantum, with a significant difference in the anti-α-Gal responses. The findings of the study emphasize the urgent need for the development of human vaccines and innovative treatment strategies adapted to the diversity of Leishmania species causing cutaneous leishmaniasis and individual patient responses to improve the clinical management of ATL in Brazil and similar endemic regions.

在巴西,美洲利什曼病(ATL)的挑战仍在继续,尽管采取了旨在开展公众宣传、病媒控制和健康教育的措施,但它仍是一个长期存在的公共卫生问题。为了深入了解这种疾病,我们在巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州北部的一个流行地区开展了一项研究。该研究以 6 名健康人的血清样本为对照,对 30 名确诊为 ATL 的居民患者进行了监测。研究发现,该病以局部皮肤型为主,皮损出现在身体的不同部位,患者以男性居多。研究发现,ATL感染者的IgG抗α-gal抗体水平明显高于健康人。对19名患者使用甲氧苄氨嘧啶抗锑酸盐治疗后,大多数患者的症状都得到了有限的改善。不过,研究发现,12 名完成治疗并使病灶上皮化的患者的 IgG 抗α-Gal 抗体显著下降,这表明这种抗体有可能应用于疾病的诊断和监测。研究还确定了 7 名被分析患者的利什曼原虫种类,其中 6 例感染了巴西利什曼原虫,1 例感染了幼年利什曼原虫,其抗α-Gal 反应存在显著差异。研究结果表明,迫切需要开发人类疫苗和创新治疗策略,以适应引起皮肤利什曼病的利什曼原虫种类的多样性和患者的个体反应,从而改善巴西和类似流行地区对ATL的临床管理。
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引用次数: 0
Immunization of cattle with a Rhipicephalus microplus chitinase peptide containing predicted B-cell epitopes reduces tick biological fitness. 用含有预测 B 细胞表位的 Rhipicephalus microplus 甲壳素酶多肽对牛进行免疫,可降低蜱的生物适应性。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.1017/S0031182024000143
María Martina Esperanza Perez-Soria, Daniel Gustavo López-Díaz, Rafael Jiménez-Ocampo, Gabriela Aguilar-Tipacamú, Massaro W Ueti, Juan Mosqueda

Rhipicephalus microplus, the cattle fever tick, is the most important ectoparasite impacting the livestock industry worldwide. Overreliance on chemical treatments for tick control has led to the emergence of acaricide-resistant ticks and environmental contamination. An immunological strategy based on vaccines offers an alternative approach to tick control. To develop novel tick vaccines, it is crucial to identify and evaluate antigens capable of generating protection in cattle. Chitinases are enzymes that degrade older chitin at the time of moulting, therefore allowing interstadial metamorphosis. In this study, 1 R. microplus chitinase was identified and its capacity to reduce fitness in ticks fed on immunized cattle was evaluated. First, the predicted amino acid sequence was determined in 4 isolates and their similarity was analysed by bioinformatics. Four peptides containing predicted B-cell epitopes were designed. The immunogenicity of each peptide was assessed by inoculating 2 cattle, 4 times at 21 days intervals, and the antibody response was verified by indirect ELISA. A challenge experiment was conducted with those peptides that were immunogenic. The chitinase gene was successfully amplified and sequenced, enabling comparison with reference strains. Notably, a 99.32% identity and 99.84% similarity were ascertained among the sequences. Furthermore, native protein recognition was demonstrated through western blot assays. Chitinase peptide 3 reduced the weight and oviposition of engorged ticks, as well as larvae viability, exhibiting a 71% efficacy. Therefore, chitinase 3 emerges as a viable vaccine candidate, holding promise for its integration into a multiantigenic vaccine against R. microplus.

牛热蜱(Rhipicephalus microplus)是影响全球畜牧业的最重要的体外寄生虫。过度依赖化学疗法控制蜱虫已导致抗杀螨剂蜱虫的出现和环境污染。以疫苗为基础的免疫策略为蜱虫控制提供了另一种方法。要开发新型蜱疫苗,关键是要确定和评估能够对牛产生保护作用的抗原。几丁质酶是一种酶,能在蜕皮时降解老的几丁质,从而实现间隙变态。在这项研究中,我们鉴定了一种 R. microplus 甲壳素酶,并评估了它降低以免疫牛为食的蜱的适应性的能力。首先,确定了 4 个分离物的预测氨基酸序列,并通过生物信息学分析了它们的相似性。设计了四种含有预测 B 细胞表位的肽。每种肽的免疫原性通过接种 2 头牛、间隔 21 天接种 4 次进行评估,并通过间接 ELISA 验证抗体反应。对具有免疫原性的多肽进行了挑战实验。甲壳素酶基因已成功扩增并测序,可与参考菌株进行比较。值得注意的是,序列之间的同一性和相似性分别达到 99.32% 和 99.84%。此外,Western 印迹检测还证明了对原生蛋白的识别。几丁质酶肽 3 能降低噬咬蜱的重量和产卵率,并能降低幼虫的活力,其效力为 71%。因此,几丁质酶肽 3 是一种可行的候选疫苗,有望将其整合到针对小尾寒羊的多抗原疫苗中。
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引用次数: 0
Mitochondrial genome and nuclear ribosomal RNA analysis place Alveonasus lahorensis within the Argasinae and suggest that the genus Alveonasus is paraphyletic - ERRATUM. 线粒体基因组和核核糖体 RNA 分析将 Alveonasus lahorensis 放在 Argasinae 内,并表明 Alveonasus 属是旁系 - ERRATUM。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1017/S0031182024001537
Ben J Mans, Lidia Chitimia-Dobler, Ronel Pienaar, Minique de Castro, Mehran Khan, Mashal M Almutairi, Abdulaziz Alouffi, Abid Ali
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引用次数: 0
Description of a new Ornithodoros (Pavlovskyella) (Ixodida: Argasidae) tick species from Pakistan. 描述来自巴基斯坦的一种新的蜱虫(Pavlovskyella)(Ixodida: Argasidae)。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1017/S0031182024000982
Abid Ali, Mehran Khan, Muhammad Numan, Abdulaziz Alouffi, Mashal M Almutairi, Ronel Pienaar, Minique H de Castro, Lidia Chitimia-Dobler, Sebastián Muñoz-Leal, Ben J Mans

The genus Ornithodoros is notably diverse within the family Argasidae, comprising approximately 134 species distributed among 4 subgenera, 1 of which is the subgenus Pavlovskyella. In an earlier study, we identified distinct soft ticks as Ornithodoros (Pavlovskyella) sp., which were collected from animal shelters in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Providing additional collections from that same locality and a comprehensive analysis involving detailed morphological and mitogenome-based comparisons with closely related species, this study formally designates a novel species for these specimens. Adults and late-instar nymphs of the new species display a dorsoventral groove, small cheeks not covering the capitulum, 5 small even humps on tarsus I and a transverse postanal groove intersecting the median postanal groove perpendicularly. It also lacks a tuft of setae on the ventral surface of the hood which separates the novel species from Ornithodoros papillipes. Ventral chaetotaxy of tarsus IV indicates 4–7 setal pairs in nymphs and 5–7 pairs in adults that separate the new species from Ornithodoros tholozani sensu stricto and Ornithodoros crossi, 2 morphologically closely related species that occur in geographical proximity. Phylogenetic analyses of the full-length mitochondrial genome and the 18S and 28S ribosomal RNA genes, combined with pairwise nucleotide comparisons of cox1, cox2, atp8, atp6, cox3, nad3, nad5, nad4, nad4L, nad6, cytb, nad1, nad2, 12S rDNA, 16S rDNA, 18S rDNA and 28S rDNA further support that the new species belongs to the Pavlovskyella subgenus, clustering with O. tholozani, Ornithodoros verrucosus and Ornithodoros tartakovskyi.

蜱属(Ornithodoros)在蜱科(Argasidae)中具有显著的多样性,约有 134 种,分布在 4 个亚属中,其中一个亚属是 Pavlovskyella 亚属。在早先的一项研究中,我们从巴基斯坦开伯尔巴图克瓦省的动物收容所中采集到了独特的软蜱,并将其鉴定为 Ornithodoros (Pavlovskyella) sp.。本研究提供了从同一地点采集到的更多标本,并进行了详细的形态学和基于有丝分裂基因组的综合分析,与近缘物种进行了比较,从而正式将这些标本定为一个新物种。该新种的成虫和后期若虫有背腹沟,小颊不覆盖头状体,跗节 I 上有 5 个均匀的小驼峰,肛后横沟与肛后正中沟垂直相交。此外,它还缺少头罩腹面的一簇刚毛,这也是该新物种与乳头猿(Ornithodoros papillipes)的区别所在。跗节 IV 的腹面序列显示,若虫有 4-7 对刚毛,成虫有 5-7 对刚毛,这将新种与严格意义上的 Ornithodoros tholozani 和 Ornithodoros crossi 区分开来,这两个物种在形态上密切相关,而且在地理位置上也很接近。对全长线粒体基因组以及 18S 和 28S 核糖体 RNA 基因进行了系统进化分析,并对 cox1、cox2、atp8、atp6、cox3、nad3、nad5、nad4、nad4L、nad6、cytb、nad1、nad2、12S rDNA、16S rDNA、18S rDNA 和 28S rDNA 的核苷酸配对比较,进一步证明该新物种属于 Pavlovskyella 亚属,与 O. tholozani、Orithithuskyella、O.tholozani、Ornithodoros verrucosus 和 Ornithodoros tartakovskyi 聚类。
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引用次数: 0
Camel tick species distribution in Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates using MaxEnt modelling. 利用MaxEnt模型在沙特阿拉伯和阿拉伯联合酋长国的骆驼蜱种分布。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0031182024001161
Nighat Perveen, Sabir B Muzaffar, Areej Jaradat, Olivier A Sparagano, Arve L Willingham

Ticks are important vectors and reservoirs of pathogens causing zoonotic diseases in camels and other livestock, rodents and other small mammals, birds and humans. Hyalomma dromedarii is the most abundant tick species in Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates (UAE) affecting primarily camels, and to a lesser extent, other livestock. Species presence data, land use/landcover, elevation, slope and 19 bioclimatic variables were used to model current and future distribution of H. dromedarii ticks using maximum entropy species distribution modelling (MaxEnt.). The model highlighted areas in the northern, eastern and southwestern parts of the study area as highly suitable for ticks. Several variables including land use/land cover (LULC) (53.1%), precipitation of coldest quarter (Bio19) (21.8%), elevation (20.6%), isothermality (Bio3) (1.9%), mean diurnal range [mean of monthly (max temp – min temp)] (Bio2) (1.8%), slope (0.5%), precipitation, seasonality (Bio15) (0.2%) influenced habitat suitability of ticks, predicting high tick density or abundance. Middle of the road scenario (ssp2-4.5) where CO2 levels remain similar to current levels, did not indicate a major change in the tick distributions. This tick distribution model could be used for targeting surveillance efforts and increasing the efficiency and accuracy of public health investigations and vector control strategies.

蜱是骆驼和其他牲畜、啮齿动物和其他小型哺乳动物、鸟类和人类中引起人畜共患疾病的病原体的重要媒介和宿主。单峰透明瘤是沙特阿拉伯和阿拉伯联合酋长国(阿联酋)最常见的蜱类,主要影响骆驼,在较小程度上影响其他牲畜。利用最大熵物种分布模型(MaxEnt.),利用物种存在数据、土地利用/土地覆盖、高程、坡度和19个生物气候变量对单峰蜱的当前和未来分布进行了模拟。该模型强调了研究区域的北部、东部和西南部非常适合蜱虫的地区。土地利用/土地覆盖(LULC)(53.1%)、最冷季降水(Bio19)(21.8%)、海拔(20.6%)、等温线(Bio3)(1.9%)、平均日差[月平均(最高温度-最低温度)](Bio2)(1.8%)、坡度(0.5%)、降水、季节性(Bio15)(0.2%)等变量影响蜱的生境适宜性,预测蜱的高密度或丰度。在道路中间情景(ssp2-4.5)中,二氧化碳水平与当前水平保持相似,蜱虫分布没有发生重大变化。该蜱虫分布模型可用于有针对性的监测工作,提高公共卫生调查和媒介控制战略的效率和准确性。
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引用次数: 0
Ecology and phenology of the bat tick Argas (Carios) dewae (Acari: Argasidae). 蝙蝠蜱 Argas (Carios) dewae(Acari:Argasidae)的生态学和物候学。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1017/S0031182024000817
Lisa Godinho, Emile van Lieshout, Stephen Griffiths, Mackenzie L Kwak

Although 12 soft tick species (Argasidae) are native to Australia, the ecology of most is poorly known. Argas dewae parasitizes several insectivorous bat species and has been recorded on humans. Therefore, understanding its ecology is crucial for wildlife health management and public health preparedness. To address this knowledge gap, A. dewae populations were monitored from 2 bat hosts (Chalinolobus gouldii and Austronomus australis) using bat boxes at 3 sites in Victoria, Australia, for 28 months (July 2005–December 2007). A phenological profile undertaken for A. dewae revealed that tick load on bat hosts increased throughout winter and peaked in the first month of spring, before collapsing and remaining low throughout the drier late spring and summer periods. There was also further investigation of the relationship between 2 response variables (tick infestation risk and tick load) and a range of explanatory variables (body condition index, sex, age class, bioseason, site, bat density per nest box). In C. gouldii, site was the only significant predictor of A. dewae infestation risk, while load was correlated with several variables including age class, sex, bioseason, roost density and body condition index. This paper also reports the first records of A. dewae from 6 bat species in 3 bat families (Miniopteridae: Miniopterus australis; Molossidae: A. australis; Vespertilionidae: Chalinolobus morio, Myotis Macropus, Vespadelus darlingtonia, Vespadelus regulus) and a second record of A. dewae from a human. The first distribution records are presented for A. dewae in South Australia, the Australian Capital Territory and Queensland.

虽然有 12 种软蜱(Argasidae)原产于澳大利亚,但大多数软蜱的生态环境都鲜为人知。Argas dewae寄生于几种食虫蝙蝠,并有在人类身上寄生的记录。因此,了解其生态学对野生动物健康管理和公共卫生防备至关重要。为了填补这一知识空白,我们在澳大利亚维多利亚州的 3 个地点使用蝙蝠箱对 2 种蝙蝠寄主(Chalinolobus gouldii 和 Austronomus australis)的露喙蝠种群进行了为期 28 个月(2005 年 7 月至 2007 年 12 月)的监测。针对露ae蜱的物候学分析表明,蝙蝠寄主上的蜱虫数量在整个冬季都在增加,并在春季的第一个月达到高峰,然后在较干燥的春末和夏季期间逐渐减少并保持在较低水平。还进一步研究了两个响应变量(蜱虫侵扰风险和蜱载量)与一系列解释变量(身体状况指数、性别、年龄等级、生物季节、地点、每个巢箱的蝙蝠密度)之间的关系。在 C. gouldii 中,地点是唯一能显著预测 A. dewae 侵扰风险的因素,而负载则与年龄等级、性别、生物季节、栖息密度和身体状况指数等多个变量相关。本文还首次报告了3个蝙蝠科(蝠科:Miniopterus australis;蝠属:A. australis;蝠属:Chalinolobus morio、Myotis Macropus、Vespadelus darlingtonia、Vespadelus regulus)6个蝙蝠物种的露喙螨记录,以及人类的第二次露喙螨记录。本报告首次记录了露喙猿在南澳大利亚、澳大利亚首都领地和昆士兰的分布情况。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial: ticks & tick-borne parasites and diseases. 社论:蜱与蜱媒寄生虫和疾病。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1017/S0031182024001549
Ala E Tabor

Ticks and tick-borne diseases affect humans, livestock, and wildlife in most regions of the globe. Although there are over 900 tick species globally, only approximately 10% of species are second to mosquitoes as major vectors of human and veterinary diseases. The 17 articles of this themed Special Issue highlight the current research trends associated with newly discovered tick species, concepts of tick evolution, new vaccinology approaches, factors affecting disease transmission, and factors affecting tick ecology and tick-borne disease epidemiology. summarizes the articles in this Special Issue in alphabetical author order and is a word cloud generated from the article titles. Of the 17 articles in this Special Issue, two are review articles (vaccinology) while the remaining 15 are original research articles. The topics range from tick control, to epidemiology, ecology, tick-borne disease control, tick-borne disease transmission, vaccine approaches, and the description of novel extant and extinct tick species. is graphical representation of the articles within this Special Issue including tick hosts and the most representative tick species studied. The articles also include authors from most continents globally with first author contributions from Australia, Bangladesh, Brazil, Czech Republic, Germany, India, Mexico, Pakistan, South Africa, Spain, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, USA and Zambia. This issue is thus truly diverse which reflects the diversity of ticks, tick-borne diseases and they hosts they infest globally.

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引用次数: 0
期刊
Parasitology
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