Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences最新文献

To explore the therapeutic effect of Huoxue Huayu Decoction on limb swelling in the late stage of bone injury and its influence on motor function. Mainstream databases were searched by inputting the keywords "Huoxue Huayu Decoction" and "bone injury swelling". According to the research scope, 13 articles with a total of 1414 patients were screened out and divided into an observation group (n=707 cases) and a control group (n=707). The clinical effects, degree of limb swelling, recovery of motor function and incidence of adverse reactions of the two groups of patients treated with traditional Chinese medicine Huoxue Huayu Decoction and western medicine respectively in the treatment of limb swelling in the late stage of fracture were compared and analyzed. The clinical efficacy of the observation group was significant. The motor function score (VAS), limb swelling elimination time, hospitalization time, motor function recovery and adverse reaction incidence of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group. The traditional Chinese medicine Huoxue Huayu Decoction is effective for limb swelling in the late stage of bone injury. It can relieve pain, reduce hospitalization time and has high drug safety.

The study investigated the wound healing efficacy of Jacobaea maritima leaf extract in rabbits through various wound models. A methanol-based extract was prepared from air-dried J. maritima leaves and used to formulate ointments at concentrations of 5%, 10% and 20%. Acute dermal toxicity tests confirmed no adverse reactions at the highest dose (2000mg/kg). The extract's wound healing activity was assessed using excision, incision and burn wound models. In the excision wound model, all extract concentrations significantly enhanced wound contraction compared to the control, with the 20% extract showing the highest efficacy (100% contraction by day 22). The extract also reduced epithelialization time, with the 20% formulation performing similarly to nitrofurazone. In the burn wound model, the extract ointments led to substantial wound contraction and shorter epithelialization times compared to controls, with the 20% concentration achieving 100% contraction by day 24. Histopathological examinations revealed improved healing in extract-treated wounds, with enhanced neovascularization and collagen deposition. These results suggest that J. maritima leaf extract possesses potent wound healing properties, effectively reducing healing times and enhancing tissue repair across different wound models. The study supports the potential of J.maritima as a valuable ingredient in wound care formulations.

Metabolic syndrome is on the verge of becoming a global epidemic. It is a complex, chronic illness that has epidemic proportions in most industrialized nations. This study examines the antioxidant potential of a sacred plant, the bodhi tree (Ficus religiosa). The capability of F. religiosa to suppress nitric oxide (NO) production and enhance catalase activity was determined using colorimetry methods. Additionally, liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy was used to determine the phytochemical profile of the plant. The contribution of detected compounds was predicted using activity spectra for biologically active substances online. This study revealed the activity of F. religiosa to suppress NO production with IC₅₀ value was 63.57μg/mL. The activity of F. religiosa to increase the catalase activity did not follow the increase of extract concentration, in contrast with the NO test. The concentration with optimum activity was 10μg/mL. The extract can increase catalase activity by 45.45% in this concentration. The presence of corchorifatty acid F, D-(-)-Quinic acid, 2,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and gentisic acid, confirmed by LC-MS/MS, might contribute to the antioxidant activity of F. religiosa. In summary, the antioxidant activity of F. religiosa was mediated by NO production suppression and catalase activity enhancement.

The paper investigated the effect of cordycepin on renal damage induced by hypothyroidism and studied the effect of thyroid function recovery on renal damage. The hypothyroid rat model was established by continuous intragastric administration of propylthiouracil (PTU). The general state, thyroid function, renal function, blood lipid, pathological changes and damage of kidney tissues of rats in each group. The expressions of MCP-1 and Desmin proteins, which is a marker of podocyte damage, in the kidney were all detected by immunohistochemistry. The result of thyroid function examination was consistent with the characteristics of hypothyroidism. The renal damage and lipid metabolism disorder appeared in the hypothyroidism rats along with the progression of the disease, with the blood lipid increased and the expression of MCP-1 increased. Using this model to study the pathogenesis of hypothyroidism renal damage is more clinically practical and the administration of Cordycepin can improve the symptoms. Cordycepin can improve thyroid function, and can significantly alleviate renal damage in rats. By correcting thyroid function, Cordycepin can reduce renal damage and blood lipid, reduce the expressions of MCP-1 and Desmin proteins, thus delaying the progress of renal damage and protecting the kidney.

Acute cerebral infarction poses a significant health risk and effective treatment is crucial. This randomized controlled trial assessed the impact of combining Butylphthalide and Atorvastatin on neurological function, quality of life and vascular endothelial function in 124 individuals with acute cerebral infarction. Participants were randomized into control and experimental groups, with the latter receiving the combination therapy. Objective assessments using NIHSS, SS-QOL, MBI and MoCA scales, along with biochemical markers, demonstrated improved outcomes in the experimental group. This study provides evidence for the clinical benefits of the drug combination in managing acute cerebral infarction.

Phytomedicine is gaining acceptance as well preference in health care management for various diseases. Drug combinations are mostly used clinically for hyperlipidemia, as single-agent therapy is insufficient. Statins remain the cornerstone of hyperlipidemia. The objective of the present research is to manage hyperlipidemia with the least amount of medicine effective clinically, thereby limiting its side effects. Study was carried out with 140 registered hyperlipidemia patients, divided into two groups. Group-A received simvastatin 20mg oral daily & Group B received a combination of simvastatin and beta-valgaris capsules twice a day for 90 days. Pre and post treatment values were compared within the groups and between the groups. Group B shows statistically significant decrease (p<0.05) in serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TG) and CRP levels. Also significant improvement (p<0.05) was noted for high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels (20.1% to 57.4%) in group B after completion of study. On the basis of our study results, we can conclude that statins remained to be the mainstay treatment for patients with elevated cholesterol levels. However, the combination has a synergistic effect and reduces oxidative stress (OS) as well.

This study evaluates how the ethanolic areal extract of Crateagus azarolus affects the biochemical and functional characteristics of the liver, kidney and serum. Two groups of albino male rats (n1=6, n2=6), were given 400 mg/kg of C. azarolus ethanolic extract orally daily for two weeks, whereas the control group was given saline. The animals' necks were translocated, blood samples collected and the liver, kidney and heart removed and their relative organ weight (ROW) calculated. Analysis of serum parameters showed that liver enzyme ALT and AST increased significantly (58%) in C. azarolus treated group, whereas ALP and total bilirubin dropped (27%, 50% respectively). Changes in Kidney parameters were noticeably reduced. Lipase activity and creatinine decreased dramatically (56%, 77% respectively). Besides insulin level increased 10% compared to 17% reduction in glucose. Lipid parameters were also changed in the treated animals. Reduction in cholesterol (20%), triglycerides (30%), LDL (23%) whereas HDL increased 14%. The ROW for liver and heart reduced significantly. In conclusion, oral treatment with 400mg/kg of the ethanolic extract of areal parts of C. azarolus did not show a significant effect on the functional parameters and markers of liver enzymes, kidney and serum biochemical components, however lipid profile indices were improved.

Peimisine has therapeutic effects on cough, asthma, acute lung injury and liver fibrosis. However, it has not been reported whether peimisine has an inhibitory effect on pulmonary fibrosis. In current study, a mouse pulmonary interstitial fibrosis model was established to investigate the efficacy of peimisine. Mice were categorized into six groups: Control, model, pirfenidone and three peimisine multi-dose groups. After the modelling, each group was given drugs for 21 days. Mice were euthanized and the histopathology changes of the lung were compared. The contents of cytokines in serum were determined. The mRNA expression levels of related genes in the lung tissue were detected. The contents of macrophages and neutrophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected. The antifibrotic effect of peimisine was validated by using MRC-5 cells. The results demonstrated that peimisine could alleviate the destruction of alveolar structure and reduce the aggregation of inflammatory cells. Peimisine could reduce the protein expression levels of cytokines in serum. The mRNA levels of related genes were regulated. The contents of macrophages and neutrophils were decreased. Peimisine had a regulatory effect on the abnormal proliferation of MRC-5 cells. The mechanism was related to regulating extra cellular matrix (ECM) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

This study examines the clinical efficacy of high-dose naloxone in comatose emergency patients, focusing on its ability to enhance brain metabolism and reduce oxidative stress. A total of 120 patients were randomly assigned to a control group, which received conventional naloxone doses and a study group, which received higher doses. Key outcomes measured included clinical efficacy, time to awakening, blood gas indices, inflammatory factors, consciousness level, neurological recovery and adverse effects. The study group showed a higher response rate (96.67% vs. 83.33%), regained consciousness more quickly and had better blood gas indices and glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores (p<0.05). Neurological function recovery was superior in the study group, with fewer adverse reactions (6.67% vs. 20.00%, p<0.05). These results suggest that high-dose naloxone significantly improves treatment outcomes, enhancing wakefulness, reducing inflammation and improving prognosis in emergency comatose patients, making it a promising option for clinical use.

Acne vulgaris is an inflammatory skin disease caused by several factors, including an imbalance of microorganisms compared to the normal microbial distribution in healthy tissue. The Lauraceae family which have been reported from antiseptic. This research was conducted to assayed the compounds, the biological activity of the Lauraceae plant essential oil (EO) could against microbes. EO Were isolated by steam water distillation and had antibacterial effects were analyzed by microdilution in broth medium and EO compounds were analyzed by GC-MS. The most abundant components present in N. cassia leaves cinnamyl acetate, N. cassia bark beta-citronellol, linalool, e-citral and geraniol, C. verum bark eugenol, C. burmanni leaves linalool, alpha-terpineol, eucalyptol, cinnamaldehyde, caryophyllene, cinnamyl, leaves of Cinnamomum camphora contains camphor. The highest antimicrobial activity against C. acnes was given by oil from the leaves and bark of Neolitsea cassia, against S. aureus and by oil from the bark of C. verum and N. cassia and C. burmannii leaves. The oil of C. champora leaves gave better activity than the barks against these microbes. It was found that the leaves of C. champora had the highest yield of oil compared to the other part of Lauraceae plants tested and it has a strong antibacterial activity toward microbes commonly present in acne vulgaris.