Pub Date : 2017-02-07DOI: 10.26510/2394-0859.PBE.2017.01
B. Nayak, P. Ellaiah, S. Sethy, M. Nayak, Subham Sourajit
Objective: Ramipril is a long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. The study aimed to design, formulate and evaluate the oral osmotic drug delivery dosage form of an anti-hypertensive drug, ramipril. Methods: The tablet was formulated using ramipril and different polymers like PVP- K30 and Ethyl cellulose. The microcrystalline cellulose (MCC - diluent), Potassium chloride, Mannitol (osmogen) and Magnesium stearate (lubricant) were used in all the formulations. All the tablets were manufactured by wet granulation method followed by film coating. Compatibility of the drug with excipients was determined by FT-IR spectral analysis. The granules were evaluated for bulk density, Carr’s index and Hausner’s ration to determine flow properties. The prepared compressed and coated tablets were evaluated for weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability, and drug content and in vitro drug release and release kinetic studies. Results: The FT-IR study revealed that drug was compatible with excipients. The flow properties of granules of most formulation were excellent. All osmotic tablet formulations had good tablet physiochemical properties as per Pharmacopeia. The drug content of all tablet batches was satisfactory. The in vitro drug release study revealed that the formulation F7 containing 100 mg of ethyl cellulose release 100% of drug in 24 h with zero order release kinetics. Conclusions: Ramipril osmotic tablet could be used for safe management of hypertension with greater novelty.
{"title":"Formulation design and characterization of osmotically controlled tablet of Ramipril","authors":"B. Nayak, P. Ellaiah, S. Sethy, M. Nayak, Subham Sourajit","doi":"10.26510/2394-0859.PBE.2017.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26510/2394-0859.PBE.2017.01","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Ramipril is a long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. The study aimed to design, formulate and evaluate the oral osmotic drug delivery dosage form of an anti-hypertensive drug, ramipril. Methods: The tablet was formulated using ramipril and different polymers like PVP- K30 and Ethyl cellulose. The microcrystalline cellulose (MCC - diluent), Potassium chloride, Mannitol (osmogen) and Magnesium stearate (lubricant) were used in all the formulations. All the tablets were manufactured by wet granulation method followed by film coating. Compatibility of the drug with excipients was determined by FT-IR spectral analysis. The granules were evaluated for bulk density, Carr’s index and Hausner’s ration to determine flow properties. The prepared compressed and coated tablets were evaluated for weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability, and drug content and in vitro drug release and release kinetic studies. Results: The FT-IR study revealed that drug was compatible with excipients. The flow properties of granules of most formulation were excellent. All osmotic tablet formulations had good tablet physiochemical properties as per Pharmacopeia. The drug content of all tablet batches was satisfactory. The in vitro drug release study revealed that the formulation F7 containing 100 mg of ethyl cellulose release 100% of drug in 24 h with zero order release kinetics. Conclusions: Ramipril osmotic tablet could be used for safe management of hypertension with greater novelty.","PeriodicalId":19998,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical and Biological Evaluations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89809965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-07DOI: 10.26510/2394-0859.pbe.2017.07
P. R. Kanthale, S. Biradar
Objective: Helicteres isora L. is erect woody branched shrub of family Sterculaceae, commonly called Murud sheng. Pharmacognostic study includes dermal characters like stomata, trichomes, anatomical features, macerated vessels and differential phytochemical test have been carried out for the authentication of the samples. Methods: The fruit of Helicteres isora was collected from Mahur range forest of Nanded district, Maharashtra. The fruits were dried in shade and powdered. The fruit powder was extracted with in distilled water. For macroscopic and microscopic study of fresh leaves were selected. Leaf epidermal studies were carried out on fresh specimens. Transection of leaf, petiole, stem were taken by free hand. Fresh and preserved materials used. Results: The preliminary screening of phytochemicals of present study reveals that the presence of bioactive constituents alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, cardiac glycosides, anthraquinones and saponins. These secondary metabolites help to cure dysentery, abdominal pain, diarrhoea and pharmacology assay is useful for the evaluation of drug and to detect the adulteration. Conclusions: Biological actions are primarily due to these secondary metabolic components in a complex form concern with synergistic or antagonistic activities.
{"title":"Pharmacognostic study of Helicteres isora L.","authors":"P. R. Kanthale, S. Biradar","doi":"10.26510/2394-0859.pbe.2017.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26510/2394-0859.pbe.2017.07","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Helicteres isora L. is erect woody branched shrub of family Sterculaceae, commonly called Murud sheng. Pharmacognostic study includes dermal characters like stomata, trichomes, anatomical features, macerated vessels and differential phytochemical test have been carried out for the authentication of the samples. Methods: The fruit of Helicteres isora was collected from Mahur range forest of Nanded district, Maharashtra. The fruits were dried in shade and powdered. The fruit powder was extracted with in distilled water. For macroscopic and microscopic study of fresh leaves were selected. Leaf epidermal studies were carried out on fresh specimens. Transection of leaf, petiole, stem were taken by free hand. Fresh and preserved materials used. Results: The preliminary screening of phytochemicals of present study reveals that the presence of bioactive constituents alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, cardiac glycosides, anthraquinones and saponins. These secondary metabolites help to cure dysentery, abdominal pain, diarrhoea and pharmacology assay is useful for the evaluation of drug and to detect the adulteration. Conclusions: Biological actions are primarily due to these secondary metabolic components in a complex form concern with synergistic or antagonistic activities.","PeriodicalId":19998,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical and Biological Evaluations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74649921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-07DOI: 10.26510/2394-0859.PBE.2017.10
S. Ganguly, V. Sharma
Dermatophytosis or ringworm is a fungal infection which causes superficial infection on the animal skin. The lesions are circular in nature resembling a rash which become itchy and develop erythema. It remains covered by a scaly scab. Generally the lesions are evident with loss of fur or hair in that portion of the skin. Clinical signs and symptoms starts within 4 – 14 days after exposure. Different regions on the skin may become infected.
{"title":"Dermatophytosis in animals: an overview","authors":"S. Ganguly, V. Sharma","doi":"10.26510/2394-0859.PBE.2017.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26510/2394-0859.PBE.2017.10","url":null,"abstract":"Dermatophytosis or ringworm is a fungal infection which causes superficial infection on the animal skin. The lesions are circular in nature resembling a rash which become itchy and develop erythema. It remains covered by a scaly scab. Generally the lesions are evident with loss of fur or hair in that portion of the skin. Clinical signs and symptoms starts within 4 – 14 days after exposure. Different regions on the skin may become infected.","PeriodicalId":19998,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical and Biological Evaluations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75697061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-07DOI: 10.26510/2394-0859.PBE.2017.02
A. S. J. Taha
Objective: Many methods for enzymes immobilization and large number of carriers for immobilized enzymes, there are many benefits and diffeculties for immobilization, so the objective of this paper is to determine the suitable method and carrier for cellulase immobilization. Methods: Three methods used for immobilization which they adsorption, Glutaraldehyde and modified glutaraldehyde using two different carriers the first anion exchanger AM-21-A, and the second cation exchange fiber VION KN -1. Results: The result shows that the degree of saving catalytic activity for immobilized and free cellulase were 35, 55, and 75% for the three methods respectively and The result of degree maintain of specific activity for native enzyme were 57%, 42%, for the two carriers VION KN-1, AM-21-A respectively. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the modified glutaraldehyde is the best method for cellulase immobilization and VION KN-1 is better carrier than AM-21-A.
{"title":"Different methods and carriers for immobilization cellulase from Trichoderma viride and its remaining activity","authors":"A. S. J. Taha","doi":"10.26510/2394-0859.PBE.2017.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26510/2394-0859.PBE.2017.02","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Many methods for enzymes immobilization and large number of carriers for immobilized enzymes, there are many benefits and diffeculties for immobilization, so the objective of this paper is to determine the suitable method and carrier for cellulase immobilization. Methods: Three methods used for immobilization which they adsorption, Glutaraldehyde and modified glutaraldehyde using two different carriers the first anion exchanger AM-21-A, and the second cation exchange fiber VION KN -1. Results: The result shows that the degree of saving catalytic activity for immobilized and free cellulase were 35, 55, and 75% for the three methods respectively and The result of degree maintain of specific activity for native enzyme were 57%, 42%, for the two carriers VION KN-1, AM-21-A respectively. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the modified glutaraldehyde is the best method for cellulase immobilization and VION KN-1 is better carrier than AM-21-A.","PeriodicalId":19998,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical and Biological Evaluations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88504649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-07DOI: 10.26510/2394-0859.PBE.2017.04
K. Susithra, U. Ramesh, M. Kannan, R. Ganesan, K. Rajarathinam
Objective: To screen the high yielding PHB producing bacterial strains and its characterization by phenotypic methods and PHB production was optimized by using different carbon sources, different levels of pH and temperature. Methods: The oil contaminated soils of Virudhunagar town were chosen for the isolation of PHB producing bacterial species. The bacterial isolates were stained by Sudan Black B method for observing the presence of PHB granules and further confirmation by UV and FTIR analysis. The PHB accumulations in bacterial isolates were done by UV-Spectrophotometric analysis. The maximum PHB production was optimized by varying pH, temperature and carbon sources used in the production medium. Results: From the microscopic observations of the individual isolates, seven bacterial isolates were seen by the PHB granules inside the cell. The UV results interpret maximum amount 1052 microgram/ml of PHB by the second bacterial isolate. FTIR confirmed C=O group in the extracted PHB from production media. Also high yield was observed in at pH 9, 37 0 C and starch. Conclusions: These PHB have potential candidate for some application in packaging and biomedical material production in the form of drug carriers.
{"title":"Screening and characterisation of bioplastics producing bacteria isolated from oil contaminated soils of Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu, India","authors":"K. Susithra, U. Ramesh, M. Kannan, R. Ganesan, K. Rajarathinam","doi":"10.26510/2394-0859.PBE.2017.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26510/2394-0859.PBE.2017.04","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To screen the high yielding PHB producing bacterial strains and its characterization by phenotypic methods and PHB production was optimized by using different carbon sources, different levels of pH and temperature. Methods: The oil contaminated soils of Virudhunagar town were chosen for the isolation of PHB producing bacterial species. The bacterial isolates were stained by Sudan Black B method for observing the presence of PHB granules and further confirmation by UV and FTIR analysis. The PHB accumulations in bacterial isolates were done by UV-Spectrophotometric analysis. The maximum PHB production was optimized by varying pH, temperature and carbon sources used in the production medium. Results: From the microscopic observations of the individual isolates, seven bacterial isolates were seen by the PHB granules inside the cell. The UV results interpret maximum amount 1052 microgram/ml of PHB by the second bacterial isolate. FTIR confirmed C=O group in the extracted PHB from production media. Also high yield was observed in at pH 9, 37 0 C and starch. Conclusions: These PHB have potential candidate for some application in packaging and biomedical material production in the form of drug carriers.","PeriodicalId":19998,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical and Biological Evaluations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90769238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-07DOI: 10.26510/2394-0859.PBE.2017.06
D. Patel, R. Patil, Alkesh Patel
Objective : Investigation of methanolic extract for detecting the presence of Betanin by phytochemical analysis, to induce experimental hypertension and to carry out measurement of BP by invasive (direct) method (IBP) and vascular reactivity to various catecholamines after completion of treatment schedule. Methods: The animals were divided into six main groups. Each group contains 5 animals. Group I received vehicle , group II received dexamethasone injection (20 µg/kg/day, s.c.) for 14 days , group III received extract of Beta vulgaris (100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 14 days , group IV received extract of Beta vulgaris (300 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 14 days , group V received dexamethasone injection (20 ug/kg/day, s.c.) and extract of Beta vulgaris (100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 14 days and group VI received dexamethasone (DEXA) injection (20 µg/kg/day, s.c.) and extract of Beta vulgaris (300 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 14 days. After 14 days of dosing period body weight, ECG and changes in vascular reactivity to various catecholamines were recorded using Powerlab 4SP (AD Instrument, Australia). Results : Animals treated with dexamethasone along with Beta vulgaris (100 and 300 mg/kg p.o. for 14 days) showed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in heart rate compared to Dexamethasone treated group. Dexamethasone administered rats showed a significant elevation (p<0.05) in systolic blood pressure (SBP), vascular reactivity changes to Catecholamine as compared to control group . Beta vulgaris extract (100, 300 mg/kg/day, p.o.) treatment for 14 days in dexamethasone administered rats significantly (p<0.05) reduced systolic blood pressure, vascular reactivity changes to catecholamines as compared to dexamethasone administered group. Conclusions : The methanolic-HCl extract of Beta vulgaris has antihypertensive activity in dexamethasone model.
{"title":"Antihypertensive activity of Beta vulgaris on dexamethasone induced hypertension in rats","authors":"D. Patel, R. Patil, Alkesh Patel","doi":"10.26510/2394-0859.PBE.2017.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26510/2394-0859.PBE.2017.06","url":null,"abstract":"Objective : Investigation of methanolic extract for detecting the presence of Betanin by phytochemical analysis, to induce experimental hypertension and to carry out measurement of BP by invasive (direct) method (IBP) and vascular reactivity to various catecholamines after completion of treatment schedule. Methods: The animals were divided into six main groups. Each group contains 5 animals. Group I received vehicle , group II received dexamethasone injection (20 µg/kg/day, s.c.) for 14 days , group III received extract of Beta vulgaris (100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 14 days , group IV received extract of Beta vulgaris (300 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 14 days , group V received dexamethasone injection (20 ug/kg/day, s.c.) and extract of Beta vulgaris (100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 14 days and group VI received dexamethasone (DEXA) injection (20 µg/kg/day, s.c.) and extract of Beta vulgaris (300 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 14 days. After 14 days of dosing period body weight, ECG and changes in vascular reactivity to various catecholamines were recorded using Powerlab 4SP (AD Instrument, Australia). Results : Animals treated with dexamethasone along with Beta vulgaris (100 and 300 mg/kg p.o. for 14 days) showed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in heart rate compared to Dexamethasone treated group. Dexamethasone administered rats showed a significant elevation (p<0.05) in systolic blood pressure (SBP), vascular reactivity changes to Catecholamine as compared to control group . Beta vulgaris extract (100, 300 mg/kg/day, p.o.) treatment for 14 days in dexamethasone administered rats significantly (p<0.05) reduced systolic blood pressure, vascular reactivity changes to catecholamines as compared to dexamethasone administered group. Conclusions : The methanolic-HCl extract of Beta vulgaris has antihypertensive activity in dexamethasone model.","PeriodicalId":19998,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical and Biological Evaluations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91403343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Rai, S. Chandra, Shashi Pratap Singh, A. Parveen
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by joint inflammation and swelling, rheumatoid factor (RF) and anticitrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) production, and bone and cartilage destruction. Drug Trend Report spending on rheumatologics grew 69 percent in the pediatric population in 2004, indicating that children are treated with biotech drugs at an increasing rate Recent studies indicate that early and aggressive therapy, including the use of specialty biotech drugs, can improve outcomes for children with JRA Patients with RA ultimately require DMARD therapy but adequate analgesia is also important. Paracetamol remains the analgesic of choice given its excellent safety profile and is prescribed in regular divided doses to a maximum of 4 g/day. Alone, however, it may provide. Tofacitinib (formerly tasocitinib) was recommended for approval by the Arthritis Advisory Committee to the FDA in May 2012. If approved, this will be the first RA treatment in a new class of medications known as Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors insufficient pain relief. Finally, the future will also see the increasing application of gene therapy as a front-line defense against the disease, aiming at long-term corrective treatment.
{"title":"Rheumatoid arthritis: in past, present and future scenario","authors":"A. Rai, S. Chandra, Shashi Pratap Singh, A. Parveen","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.51061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.51061","url":null,"abstract":"Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by joint inflammation and swelling, rheumatoid factor (RF) and anticitrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) production, and bone and cartilage destruction. Drug Trend Report spending on rheumatologics grew 69 percent in the pediatric population in 2004, indicating that children are treated with biotech drugs at an increasing rate Recent studies indicate that early and aggressive therapy, including the use of specialty biotech drugs, can improve outcomes for children with JRA Patients with RA ultimately require DMARD therapy but adequate analgesia is also important. Paracetamol remains the analgesic of choice given its excellent safety profile and is prescribed in regular divided doses to a maximum of 4 g/day. Alone, however, it may provide. Tofacitinib (formerly tasocitinib) was recommended for approval by the Arthritis Advisory Committee to the FDA in May 2012. If approved, this will be the first RA treatment in a new class of medications known as Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors insufficient pain relief. Finally, the future will also see the increasing application of gene therapy as a front-line defense against the disease, aiming at long-term corrective treatment.","PeriodicalId":19998,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical and Biological Evaluations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74431015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rinki Yadav, Ashish K. Srivastava, S. Chandra, A. Rai
Epigenetics play a role not just in the normal functioning of the cell and its development, but also in diseases like neurological diseases and cancer. Epigenetic therapies can help to resolve non-identical problems of these pathophysiological conditions. Cancer is a complex disease with both genetic and epigenetic origins. The importance of epigenetics in cancer has been identified, and the field has emerged rapidly in recent years. Epigenetic and genetic alterations contribute to the initiation and progression of cancer. Epigenetic modifications introduced genetic changes, and usually occur at an early stage in development of a neoplasm, but may also be involved in its invasion and spread. Recent technological advances in genetics and epigenetics offer a better understanding of the underlying epigenetic alterations during initiation and in the progression process of the human tumors.
{"title":"Role of epigenetic mechanisms in various cancer therapies","authors":"Rinki Yadav, Ashish K. Srivastava, S. Chandra, A. Rai","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.51060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.51060","url":null,"abstract":"Epigenetics play a role not just in the normal functioning of the cell and its development, but also in diseases like neurological diseases and cancer. Epigenetic therapies can help to resolve non-identical problems of these pathophysiological conditions. Cancer is a complex disease with both genetic and epigenetic origins. The importance of epigenetics in cancer has been identified, and the field has emerged rapidly in recent years. Epigenetic and genetic alterations contribute to the initiation and progression of cancer. Epigenetic modifications introduced genetic changes, and usually occur at an early stage in development of a neoplasm, but may also be involved in its invasion and spread. Recent technological advances in genetics and epigenetics offer a better understanding of the underlying epigenetic alterations during initiation and in the progression process of the human tumors.","PeriodicalId":19998,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical and Biological Evaluations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74231774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruchira Vasant Mahavarkar, S. Ahirrao, S. Kshirsagar, V. Rayate
Objective: The objective of using natural polymer was to modify the release rate of Diclofenac sodium from matrix tablet. The matrix forming agent like Tamarind seed Polysaccharide show sustained release property in tablet which is obtained naturally from fruit of Tamarindus indica L. belonging to Family Leguminosae. Methods: The sustained release matrix tablet of Diclofenac sodium were prepared by wet granulation technique using varying concentration of hydrophilic polymer i.e. TSP. Results: OF1 and OF2 both are optimized batch. The in vitro dissolution study was carried out for optimized as well as marketed formulation (Voveran- SR). Both the optimized batchesat 10 h were found to be 90.27% and 90.18%, respectively. Conclusions: Tamarind seed polysaccharide can be employed in dosage form to sustain the drug release. Tablet formulated with various concentrations of Tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP) gives release up to 10 h and more. OF1 and OF2 both formulations give comparable release with marketed formulation. From the present work it can be conclude that, the objectives which were set at the beginning of the study got fulfilled.
{"title":"Formulation and evaluation of tamarind seed polysaccharide matrix tablet","authors":"Ruchira Vasant Mahavarkar, S. Ahirrao, S. Kshirsagar, V. Rayate","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.51071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.51071","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of using natural polymer was to modify the release rate of Diclofenac sodium from matrix tablet. The matrix forming agent like Tamarind seed Polysaccharide show sustained release property in tablet which is obtained naturally from fruit of Tamarindus indica L. belonging to Family Leguminosae. Methods: The sustained release matrix tablet of Diclofenac sodium were prepared by wet granulation technique using varying concentration of hydrophilic polymer i.e. TSP. Results: OF1 and OF2 both are optimized batch. The in vitro dissolution study was carried out for optimized as well as marketed formulation (Voveran- SR). Both the optimized batchesat 10 h were found to be 90.27% and 90.18%, respectively. Conclusions: Tamarind seed polysaccharide can be employed in dosage form to sustain the drug release. Tablet formulated with various concentrations of Tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP) gives release up to 10 h and more. OF1 and OF2 both formulations give comparable release with marketed formulation. From the present work it can be conclude that, the objectives which were set at the beginning of the study got fulfilled.","PeriodicalId":19998,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical and Biological Evaluations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83020290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Savani, S. Chauhan, V. Jain, H. Raj, Sagar Patel
Objective: The major approach take into consideration is to develop a simple, accurate, precise and reproducible method for development and validation of UV-visible spectrophotometric method for estimation of Clopidogrel Bisulphate and Irbesartan in synthetic mixture. Methods: In linearity spectra of the Clopidogrel Bisulphate and Irbesartan to shows to possible a simultaneous equation method but the zero order linearity spectra was converted to first derivative and second derivative spectroscopic method to not shows any zero crossing point so that this method was not possible. Results: In this spectroscopic method, for Clopidogrel Bisulphate 220 nm and 250 nm wavelengths were selected for measurement of absorptivity. Both the drugs show linearity in a concentration range of 10-50 μg/ml at their respective λ max with correlation coefficient (r 2 ) of 0.9996 and 0.9998 for Clopidogrel Bisulphate and Irbesartan, respectively. Accuracy, precision and recovery studies were done by QC samples covering lower, medium and high concentrations of the linearity range. The relative standard deviation for accuracy, precision studies were found to be within the acceptance range (<2%). The limit of determination was 0.056 μg/ml and 0.075 μg/ml for Clopidogrel Bisulphate and Irbesartan, respectively. The limit of quantification was 0.172 μg/ml and 0.229 μg/ml for Clopidogrel Bisulphate and Irbesartan, respectively. Recovery of Clopidogrel Bisulphate and Irbesartan were found to be 99.58% and 99.66% respectively confirming the accuracy of the proposed method. % Assay was found to be 99.41% and 99.22% for Clopidogrel Bisulphate and Irbesartan, respectively. Conclusions: It can be concluded from the study that assay results obtained by proposed method are in fair agreement and can be effectively applied for the estimation of these two drugs.
{"title":"Development and validation of analytical method for clopidogrel bisulphate and irbesartan by simultaneous equation spectroscopic method","authors":"P. Savani, S. Chauhan, V. Jain, H. Raj, Sagar Patel","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.51065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.51065","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The major approach take into consideration is to develop a simple, accurate, precise and reproducible method for development and validation of UV-visible spectrophotometric method for estimation of Clopidogrel Bisulphate and Irbesartan in synthetic mixture. Methods: In linearity spectra of the Clopidogrel Bisulphate and Irbesartan to shows to possible a simultaneous equation method but the zero order linearity spectra was converted to first derivative and second derivative spectroscopic method to not shows any zero crossing point so that this method was not possible. Results: In this spectroscopic method, for Clopidogrel Bisulphate 220 nm and 250 nm wavelengths were selected for measurement of absorptivity. Both the drugs show linearity in a concentration range of 10-50 μg/ml at their respective λ max with correlation coefficient (r 2 ) of 0.9996 and 0.9998 for Clopidogrel Bisulphate and Irbesartan, respectively. Accuracy, precision and recovery studies were done by QC samples covering lower, medium and high concentrations of the linearity range. The relative standard deviation for accuracy, precision studies were found to be within the acceptance range (<2%). The limit of determination was 0.056 μg/ml and 0.075 μg/ml for Clopidogrel Bisulphate and Irbesartan, respectively. The limit of quantification was 0.172 μg/ml and 0.229 μg/ml for Clopidogrel Bisulphate and Irbesartan, respectively. Recovery of Clopidogrel Bisulphate and Irbesartan were found to be 99.58% and 99.66% respectively confirming the accuracy of the proposed method. % Assay was found to be 99.41% and 99.22% for Clopidogrel Bisulphate and Irbesartan, respectively. Conclusions: It can be concluded from the study that assay results obtained by proposed method are in fair agreement and can be effectively applied for the estimation of these two drugs.","PeriodicalId":19998,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical and Biological Evaluations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74705397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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