Perspectives in Psychiatric Care最新文献

Purpose: This descriptive study determined lawyers' beliefs about mental illnesses and their tendency to stigmatize people with mental illnesses.

Design and methods: The sample consisted of 181 lawyers. Data were collected using a demographic characteristics form, the Beliefs toward Mental Illness Scale (BMI), and the Stigma Scale (SS).

Findings: Participants felt compassion, uneasiness, curiosity, and pity for people with mental illnesses. Participants had a mean BMI and SS score of 1.99 ± 0.70 and 2.19 ± 0.61, respectively. Their BMI and SS scores were moderately and positively correlated (r = 0.554) PRACTICE İMPLICATIONS: Lawyers should be informed about mental illness by courses within the context of health education in law schools' curricula. Future studies should focus on other community leaders' beliefs about mental illness and their tendency to stigmatize people with mental illnesses.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effects of interpersonal relational role analysis (IRRA) on nursing students' depressive symptoms and coping styles.

Design and methods: This study was conducted with randomized controlled, pretest-posttest control group design, and follow-up test patterns (n = 10).

Findings: As a result, IRRA had a positive effect on nursing students' depressive symptoms and coping styles.

Practice implications: Psychiatric nurses and other mental health professionals can readily use IRRA to help reduce depressive symptoms in groups with mild to moderate depressive symptoms and to develop effective styles to cope with stress.

Purpose: The study was conducted to test the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the "Nurses' Occupational Stressor Scale," which was developed to determine the occupational stressors that nurses experience during work.

Design and methods: "Nurses' Introductory Form" and "Nurses' Occupational Stressor Scale" were used to collect the research data.

Findings: The factor loading values of the scale items varied between 0.351 and 0.670. X² /SD was 2.27, Goodness of Fit Index (GFI) = 0.92, Adjusted GFI = 0.92, Comparative Fit Index = 0.91, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.061, and Standardized Root Mean Square Residual = 0.055. As a result, the scale was shaped with 21 items and a single dimension.

Practice implications: "Nurses' Occupational Stressor Scale" is a valid and reliable scale. Using this scale, stressors in nurses' work environment can be measured, and while intervention is applied, the effectiveness of such intervention can be evaluated.

Purpose: This study aimed to perform a validity and reliability study of the Turkish version of the Aging Anxiety Scale for Middle-Aged Women.

Design and methods: This methodological study was conducted with 262 women aged between 40 and 59 years.

Findings: While language, content and construct validity analyses were performed at the validity phase of the scale, internal consistency and stability over time analyses were performed at the reliability stage. Factor analyses were performed for the construct validity, and it was determined that the items of the scale were classified under four factors; this was consistent with the original form. The Cronbach's α reliability was 0.962 for the overall scale and ranged between 0.836 and 0.949 for the four subdimensions.

Practice implications: The study determined that the Turkish adaptation of the scale is a valid and reliable measuring instrument.

Purpose: The aim was to investigate the possible associations of suicide attempt with childhood trauma, social support, psychological support seeking, stigmatizations. The study was case-control study and included 100 participants (50 suicide, 50 controls).

Conclusion: BDI, BAI scores were higher in the patient (p < 0.001). While scores of all-subscales of Childhood-Trauma-Questionnaire were higher (p < 0.05) in the patients, scores of Perceived-Social-Support were lower (p < 0.001). Repeating suicide attempts has higher Stigma-Scale-for-Receiving-Psychological-Help scores than the patients who attempted to the first time (p = 0.045).

Practice implication: Suicide is relationship with more childhood traumas, less social support. Repeating suicide attempts, individuals felt public stigma for receiving psychological help.

Objective: The objective of this study is to identify the altruism levels of nursing students and the affecting factors.

Background: Altruism is important for nursing students who are at the beginning of their careers as it is characterized by other-oriented feelings such as compassion and empathy.

Methods: The study was carried out as descriptive research. A total of 1200 nursing students studying at the nursing faculty of a state university in Turkey constituted the population of the study. The sample of the study consisted of 558 students. The data of the study were collected on January-February 2020. Data were collected by the researchers with the "Student Information Form" and the "Altruism Scale." Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS program.

Results: The main scores of the subdimensions were found to be as follows: "Participating in Volunteer Activities," 24.51 ± 6.50; "Helping Financially," 23.56 ± 5.01; "Helping in Traumatic Situations," 25.68 ± 3.68; "Caring for the 'Elderly/Sick,'" 16.54 ± 3.25; "Helping Based on Physical Strength," 19.55 ± 4.21; "Helping in the Education Process," 19.68 ± 3.72; and "Helping from a Sense of Closeness," 21.06 ± 3.34. The total mean score of the Altruism Scale was found to be 150.59 ± 24.16. The altruism levels of nursing students were found to be at a high level. In addition, the altruism levels of the students who were female, studying in the fourth grade, has an income less than their expenses, felt belonging to the profession, and read books were found to be higher compared to the others.

Sleeping difficulties are the most significant cause of disability in menopausal women. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the first line of management for sleeping difficulties and chronic insomnia.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of an Internet-based CBT program on sleeping difficulties in menopausal women.

Design: This was a randomized controlled trial. A total of 80 eligible menopausal women who fit the criteria of poor sleep quality were randomly and evenly assigned to the CBT intervention group or the control group.

Tools: The tools used for data collection were the demographic sheet, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Insomnia Severity Index, and sleep diary. Internet-based CBT modules were administered to the intervention group. Six consecutive modules were held weekly for each participant. Sleep quality scores and insomnia index scores were considered the primary outcomes, while sleep diaries were the secondary outcomes. Self-administered questionnaires were given at baseline and 6 weeks after randomization.

Findings: Internet-based CBT is effective in reducing sleeping difficulties, particularly sleep quality scores (-3.60 ± 2.76) and insomnia index scores (-5.10 ± 3.54) from baseline. Moreover, the program induced significant changes in sleep parameters, such as increased total sleep hours (t = 2.734, p = 0.008), increased sleep efficiency ≥85%, (t = 3.558, p = 0.001), and decreased sleep latency (t = 2.180, p = 0.033) compared with the control group.

Conclusion: The strong predictors of having very poor sleep quality were short duration since last menopause, severity of hot flashes, and short duration of sleep difficulties.

Practice implication: Internet-based CBT is a useful practical intervention for managing sleeping difficulties in menopausal women. The current study provides evidence on the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of Internet-based cognitive behavioral intervention; thus, we recommend this method as a practical and accessible intervention to improve sleep in menopausal women.

Purpose: To assess the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Scale for Positive Aspects of Caregiving Experience (SPACE).

Design and methods: The methodological descriptive study was conducted with 228 family caregivers of people with dementia (PwD) in Turkey, Izmir, between March 2018 and December 2019.

Findings: The Turkish version of SPACE is a valid and reliable measurement tool to evaluate the positive experiences of caregivers of PwD in the Turkish society.

Practice implications: It is thought that this measurement tool will be useful for researchers working with primary caregivers in Turkey.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to synthesize the studies examining the effects of psychosocial skills training (PSST) on the quality of life of people with schizophrenia using a meta-analysis.

Design and methods: Fifteen studies were included in the meta-analysis according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Findings: PSST was found to have a moderate effect on the overall score of quality of life of individuals with schizophrenia, a moderate effect on the psychological dimension, and a low effect on the physical dimension.

Practice implications: It can be said that psychosocial skills training is an effective intervention that can be used to improve the quality of life of people with schizophrenia.