Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad7653
Wen-Jie Huang, Zhen-Long Zhang, Yue-Feng Liu, Hui-Ping Gao and Yan-Li Mao
The industrialization of the perovskite solar cells (PSCs) requires further lifting their power conversion efficiency (PCE). There are some important factors to hinder the PCE improvement, such as interface defects and energy level mismatching betwee electron transport layer (ETL) and perovskite layer, and solar energy loss due to no absorption of near infrared (NIR) for the perovsktie. Thus in this study, a multifunctional material of W-Er-Yb doped TiO2 (W-UC-TiO2) was prepared and applied to PSCs as an interlayer between mesoporous TiO2 and perovskite. The experimental results demonstrate that the interlayer of W-UC-TiO2 has the functions of improving NIR absorption for PSCs, passivating inerface defects and improving energy level matching between TiO2 and perovskite. A high efficiency of 21.32% was acquired for the PSCs with W-UC-TiO2 interlayer from 19.26% for the control device. Moreover, stability of the PSCs was improved by the insertion of W-UC-TiO2 interlayer.
{"title":"A multifunctional interlayer between mesoporous TiO2 and perovskite for perovskite solar cells with high efficiency and stability","authors":"Wen-Jie Huang, Zhen-Long Zhang, Yue-Feng Liu, Hui-Ping Gao and Yan-Li Mao","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad7653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad7653","url":null,"abstract":"The industrialization of the perovskite solar cells (PSCs) requires further lifting their power conversion efficiency (PCE). There are some important factors to hinder the PCE improvement, such as interface defects and energy level mismatching betwee electron transport layer (ETL) and perovskite layer, and solar energy loss due to no absorption of near infrared (NIR) for the perovsktie. Thus in this study, a multifunctional material of W-Er-Yb doped TiO2 (W-UC-TiO2) was prepared and applied to PSCs as an interlayer between mesoporous TiO2 and perovskite. The experimental results demonstrate that the interlayer of W-UC-TiO2 has the functions of improving NIR absorption for PSCs, passivating inerface defects and improving energy level matching between TiO2 and perovskite. A high efficiency of 21.32% was acquired for the PSCs with W-UC-TiO2 interlayer from 19.26% for the control device. Moreover, stability of the PSCs was improved by the insertion of W-UC-TiO2 interlayer.","PeriodicalId":20067,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad764f
Chao Fan, Xueling Wei and Tianjun Liao
In the present work, the model of a solar thermophotonic energy converter (STEC) is established, of which the energy balance constraint equations at both the hot and cold sides are numerically solved to uncover the dependencies of the operating temperatures of the light emitting diode (LED) and photovoltaic (PV) cell on thermal, electrical, and structural parameters. For a given band-gap 0.36 eV of the semiconductor and a concentrated factor 20 of the concentrator, the LED’s bias voltage and the PV cell’s output voltage are optimized to achieve a local maximum efficiency 13% of the STEC. Furthermore, the conditions are optimized to attain an overall maximum efficiency of 15.94%. The distributions of energy losses are presented to reveal the underlying loss mechanisms. The results obtained in this work can provide theoretical guidance for the efficient utilization of solar energy.
{"title":"Parametric optimization and energy loss analysis of a solar thermophotonic energy converter","authors":"Chao Fan, Xueling Wei and Tianjun Liao","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad764f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad764f","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work, the model of a solar thermophotonic energy converter (STEC) is established, of which the energy balance constraint equations at both the hot and cold sides are numerically solved to uncover the dependencies of the operating temperatures of the light emitting diode (LED) and photovoltaic (PV) cell on thermal, electrical, and structural parameters. For a given band-gap 0.36 eV of the semiconductor and a concentrated factor 20 of the concentrator, the LED’s bias voltage and the PV cell’s output voltage are optimized to achieve a local maximum efficiency 13% of the STEC. Furthermore, the conditions are optimized to attain an overall maximum efficiency of 15.94%. The distributions of energy losses are presented to reveal the underlying loss mechanisms. The results obtained in this work can provide theoretical guidance for the efficient utilization of solar energy.","PeriodicalId":20067,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"405 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad74ac
Trupti Kamani, Shobhit K Patel, Osamah Alsalman and Faisal Alsaif
Breast cancer is the leading malignancy in women and the 2nd widespread cancer globally. Earlier identification of breast cancer can improve treatment outcomes and prevent metastasis beyond the breast. Traditional screening tests are not sensitive enough for early diagnosis and have extended detection periods. Recent studies have explored diversified Breast cancer biosensor techniques, including optical, electrical, electrochemical, and mechanical biosensors. This paper nominates a circlet with a large plus sign refraction indices biosensor for the evaluation of two distinct breast cancer cells namely, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7. The supreme sensitivity has been viewed as 1714.28 nm/RIU for the MDA-MB-231 and 1714.28 nm/RIU for the MCF-7. The supreme quality factor (QF) value for UC1(usual cell of MDA-MB-231) is 10.52, for CC1(cancer cell of MDA-MB-231) is 11.94, for UC2 (usual cell of MCF-7) is 10.64, and for CC2 (cancer cell of MCF-7) is 12.09. The minimal detection value (DL) for UC1 is 0.1573, CC1 is 0.1360, UC2 is 0.1554, and CC2 is 0.1341. This nominated sensor has the potential to sense breast tumor biomarkers.
{"title":"Design and optimization of refractive index biosensor for MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer biomarker detection","authors":"Trupti Kamani, Shobhit K Patel, Osamah Alsalman and Faisal Alsaif","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad74ac","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad74ac","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is the leading malignancy in women and the 2nd widespread cancer globally. Earlier identification of breast cancer can improve treatment outcomes and prevent metastasis beyond the breast. Traditional screening tests are not sensitive enough for early diagnosis and have extended detection periods. Recent studies have explored diversified Breast cancer biosensor techniques, including optical, electrical, electrochemical, and mechanical biosensors. This paper nominates a circlet with a large plus sign refraction indices biosensor for the evaluation of two distinct breast cancer cells namely, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7. The supreme sensitivity has been viewed as 1714.28 nm/RIU for the MDA-MB-231 and 1714.28 nm/RIU for the MCF-7. The supreme quality factor (QF) value for UC1(usual cell of MDA-MB-231) is 10.52, for CC1(cancer cell of MDA-MB-231) is 11.94, for UC2 (usual cell of MCF-7) is 10.64, and for CC2 (cancer cell of MCF-7) is 12.09. The minimal detection value (DL) for UC1 is 0.1573, CC1 is 0.1360, UC2 is 0.1554, and CC2 is 0.1341. This nominated sensor has the potential to sense breast tumor biomarkers.","PeriodicalId":20067,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad75c7
Hemn Younesiraad, Hadi Sharifi, Reza Masoumi and Mohammad Bemani
We present a dual-band, polarization-independent dielectric terahertz absorber exhibiting near-perfect absorption and minimal reflection at frequencies of f1 = 419 THz and f2 = 528 THz. Using electromagnetic theory, we modeled the structure to derive the surface electric admittance and magnetic impedance of the metasurface, elucidating the conditions required for perfect absorption in terms of inverse electric and magnetic polarizabilities. The absorber features a tunable symmetrical design, facilitating precise frequency adjustment by modifying structural parameters and ensuring polarization independence for perpendicularly incident electromagnetic waves. This scalable and versatile absorber, constructed from readily available materials, is optimally suited for applications in resource detection, imaging, sensing, and medical diagnostics, attributed to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and high performance.
我们提出了一种双波段、与极化无关的介质太赫兹吸收器，它在 f1 = 419 太赫兹和 f2 = 528 太赫兹频率下表现出近乎完美的吸收和最小的反射。我们利用电磁理论对该结构进行建模，推导出元表面的表面电导纳和磁阻抗，并从反向电极化率和磁极化率的角度阐明了完美吸收所需的条件。该吸收器采用可调对称设计，便于通过修改结构参数进行精确频率调整，并确保垂直入射电磁波的极化无关性。这种可扩展的多功能吸收器由现成材料制成，因其简便、成本效益高和性能优越，非常适合应用于资源探测、成像、传感和医疗诊断。
{"title":"A dual-band polarization independent dielectric metasurface-based absorber for sensing application in the visible light regime","authors":"Hemn Younesiraad, Hadi Sharifi, Reza Masoumi and Mohammad Bemani","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad75c7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad75c7","url":null,"abstract":"We present a dual-band, polarization-independent dielectric terahertz absorber exhibiting near-perfect absorption and minimal reflection at frequencies of f1 = 419 THz and f2 = 528 THz. Using electromagnetic theory, we modeled the structure to derive the surface electric admittance and magnetic impedance of the metasurface, elucidating the conditions required for perfect absorption in terms of inverse electric and magnetic polarizabilities. The absorber features a tunable symmetrical design, facilitating precise frequency adjustment by modifying structural parameters and ensuring polarization independence for perpendicularly incident electromagnetic waves. This scalable and versatile absorber, constructed from readily available materials, is optimally suited for applications in resource detection, imaging, sensing, and medical diagnostics, attributed to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and high performance.","PeriodicalId":20067,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad75ca
Yanan Chen and Xiaoguang Zhou
In hybrid models of soft expert sets, experts express only agreed or disagreed opinions about existing grades. This paper proposes a time-series bidirectional adjustable N-soft expert set model to address the shortcomings of existing models that cannot adjust existing grades to a more reasonable state or describe decision problems involving different times. Firstly, this model can explain the experts’ uncertain opinions and make positive or negative adjustments about existing grades. Secondly, the model contains information about time, describes dynamic multi-attribute group decision-making problems and explores objects’ changes and developments over time. And some related operations and propositions are derived. In addition, a new method called the bidirectional adjustable N-soft expert MABAC (multi-attributive border approximation area comparison) is proposed. On the one hand, the proposed method uses deviation maximizing and exponential decay methods to determine the time weights, ensuring the reliability of the time weights. On the other hand, it ranks objects based on their distances from an approximate boundary region, limiting the unconditional compensation among attribute values. Finally, this paper presents an example to verify its effectiveness and reliability by results analysis, sensitivity analysis, and comparison analysis.
在软专家集的混合模型中，专家只对现有等级表达同意或不同意的意见。针对现有模型无法将现有等级调整到更合理的状态或无法描述涉及不同时间的决策问题的缺点，本文提出了一种时间序列双向可调 N 软专家集模型。首先，该模型可以解释专家的不确定意见，并对现有等级进行正向或负向调整。其次，该模型包含时间信息，可以描述动态的多属性群体决策问题，探索对象随时间的变化和发展。并得出了一些相关的运算和命题。此外，还提出了一种名为双向可调 N 软专家 MABAC（多属性边界近似区域比较）的新方法。一方面，提出的方法使用偏差最大化和指数衰减法来确定时间权重，确保了时间权重的可靠性。另一方面，它根据对象与近似边界区域的距离进行排序，限制了属性值之间的无条件补偿。最后，本文介绍了一个实例，通过结果分析、敏感性分析和对比分析来验证其有效性和可靠性。
{"title":"Time-series bidirectional adjustable N-soft expert MABAC method and its application for multi-attribute group decision-chool of Economics and Management, University of Science amaking","authors":"Yanan Chen and Xiaoguang Zhou","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad75ca","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad75ca","url":null,"abstract":"In hybrid models of soft expert sets, experts express only agreed or disagreed opinions about existing grades. This paper proposes a time-series bidirectional adjustable N-soft expert set model to address the shortcomings of existing models that cannot adjust existing grades to a more reasonable state or describe decision problems involving different times. Firstly, this model can explain the experts’ uncertain opinions and make positive or negative adjustments about existing grades. Secondly, the model contains information about time, describes dynamic multi-attribute group decision-making problems and explores objects’ changes and developments over time. And some related operations and propositions are derived. In addition, a new method called the bidirectional adjustable N-soft expert MABAC (multi-attributive border approximation area comparison) is proposed. On the one hand, the proposed method uses deviation maximizing and exponential decay methods to determine the time weights, ensuring the reliability of the time weights. On the other hand, it ranks objects based on their distances from an approximate boundary region, limiting the unconditional compensation among attribute values. Finally, this paper presents an example to verify its effectiveness and reliability by results analysis, sensitivity analysis, and comparison analysis.","PeriodicalId":20067,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad7178
Himanshu Chaudhary, Ujjal Debnath, Farook Rahaman, G Mustafa and Farruh Atamurotov
We investigate late-time cosmic expansion within the Horava Lifshitz gravity framework using Barboza Alcaniz (BA) and Jassal Bagla Padmanabhan Parametrizations (JBP) as alternatives to general relativity. Anisotropic scaling is introduced at ultraviolet scales. Our aim is to constrain each cosmological parameter using the crucial Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) scale, specifically the sound horizon (rd), by treating (rd) as a free parameter. We employ 30 Hubble parameter measurements (H(z)) from cosmic chronometers, along with Type Ia Supernovae, Gamma-Ray Bursts, Quasars, and 24 uncorrelated BAO measurements spanning z = 0.106 to z = 2.33. The analysis includes the 2022 Hubble constant measurement by Riess (R22) as an additional prior and aims to minimize errors by simulating random correlations in the covariance matrix. In both the BA and JBP frameworks, utilizing the full dataset yields sound horizon results of rd = 146.5399 ± 2.4519 Mpc and rd = 146.4533 ± 2.4519 Mpc, respectively. When incorporating R22 results, the sound horizon values become rd = 143.4721 ± 1.8324 Mpc and rd = 142.9826 ± 1.9084 Mpc. These findings reveal a discrepancy between early and late observations, echoing the H0 tension. Notably, excluding R22 aligns rd with Planck and SDSS results. Model predictions are evaluated against Hubble Measurements and the ΛCDM Paradigm. A comparative study between BA and JBP Models using the Cosmography test shows both models fitting seamlessly within the phantom region. Statistical analysis suggests neither model can be ruled out based on the latest observational measurements.
{"title":"Early and late observational tension: dark energy parametrizations in horava-lifshitz gravity via baryon acoustic oscillations","authors":"Himanshu Chaudhary, Ujjal Debnath, Farook Rahaman, G Mustafa and Farruh Atamurotov","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad7178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad7178","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate late-time cosmic expansion within the Horava Lifshitz gravity framework using Barboza Alcaniz (BA) and Jassal Bagla Padmanabhan Parametrizations (JBP) as alternatives to general relativity. Anisotropic scaling is introduced at ultraviolet scales. Our aim is to constrain each cosmological parameter using the crucial Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) scale, specifically the sound horizon (rd), by treating (rd) as a free parameter. We employ 30 Hubble parameter measurements (H(z)) from cosmic chronometers, along with Type Ia Supernovae, Gamma-Ray Bursts, Quasars, and 24 uncorrelated BAO measurements spanning z = 0.106 to z = 2.33. The analysis includes the 2022 Hubble constant measurement by Riess (R22) as an additional prior and aims to minimize errors by simulating random correlations in the covariance matrix. In both the BA and JBP frameworks, utilizing the full dataset yields sound horizon results of rd = 146.5399 ± 2.4519 Mpc and rd = 146.4533 ± 2.4519 Mpc, respectively. When incorporating R22 results, the sound horizon values become rd = 143.4721 ± 1.8324 Mpc and rd = 142.9826 ± 1.9084 Mpc. These findings reveal a discrepancy between early and late observations, echoing the H0 tension. Notably, excluding R22 aligns rd with Planck and SDSS results. Model predictions are evaluated against Hubble Measurements and the ΛCDM Paradigm. A comparative study between BA and JBP Models using the Cosmography test shows both models fitting seamlessly within the phantom region. Statistical analysis suggests neither model can be ruled out based on the latest observational measurements.","PeriodicalId":20067,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad75cc
Qing-le Wang, Ying-ying Wang, Yuan-cheng Li, Guo-dong Li, Yun-guang Han and Long Cheng
Quantum secret sharing enables participants to share secrets grounded in the principles of quantum mechanics, ensuring the secrets recovery solely through collaborative efforts within an authorized subset of participants. Quantum anonymous secret sharing fulfills the fundamental requirements of quantum secret sharing while also ensuring the anonymity of the secret receivers. In order to address the turnover of personnel in practical scenarios, this paper propose a secure dynamic quantum anonymous secret sharing protocol utilizing Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states. In our scheme, on the premise of not reveal the identities of participants, the dynamic update of the participants can be realized, and the shared secret will not be altered. Furthermore, an identity authentication mechanism using single particles is introduced in this protocol, ensuring that only authenticated participants can engage in the sharing process. The proposed protocol is secure and can resist both internal and external attacks. Experimental validation conducted on the IBM quantum computing platform demonstrates the feasibility of our scheme.
量子秘密共享使参与者能够共享基于量子力学原理的秘密，确保仅通过授权参与者子集内的协作努力恢复秘密。量子匿名秘密共享满足了量子秘密共享的基本要求，同时也确保了秘密接收者的匿名性。为了解决实际场景中人员流动的问题，本文提出了一种利用格林伯格-霍恩-蔡林格态的安全动态量子匿名秘密共享协议。在我们的方案中，在不泄露参与者身份的前提下，可以实现参与者的动态更新，共享的秘密不会被改变。此外，该协议还引入了使用单粒子的身份验证机制，确保只有经过身份验证的参与者才能参与共享过程。所提出的协议是安全的，可以抵御内部和外部攻击。在 IBM 量子计算平台上进行的实验验证证明了我们方案的可行性。
{"title":"A secure dynamic quantum anonymous secret sharing protocol utilizing GHZ states","authors":"Qing-le Wang, Ying-ying Wang, Yuan-cheng Li, Guo-dong Li, Yun-guang Han and Long Cheng","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad75cc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad75cc","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum secret sharing enables participants to share secrets grounded in the principles of quantum mechanics, ensuring the secrets recovery solely through collaborative efforts within an authorized subset of participants. Quantum anonymous secret sharing fulfills the fundamental requirements of quantum secret sharing while also ensuring the anonymity of the secret receivers. In order to address the turnover of personnel in practical scenarios, this paper propose a secure dynamic quantum anonymous secret sharing protocol utilizing Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states. In our scheme, on the premise of not reveal the identities of participants, the dynamic update of the participants can be realized, and the shared secret will not be altered. Furthermore, an identity authentication mechanism using single particles is introduced in this protocol, ensuring that only authenticated participants can engage in the sharing process. The proposed protocol is secure and can resist both internal and external attacks. Experimental validation conducted on the IBM quantum computing platform demonstrates the feasibility of our scheme.","PeriodicalId":20067,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad75cd
Mujeeb Ur Rahman, Muhammad Usman, Muhammad Hassan Sayyad and Syed Zameer Abbas
Methylammonium lead triiodide (CH3NH3PbI3) is a metal halide perovskite that is attracting great attention owing to its remarkable optoelectronic properties especially in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and perovskite light-emitting devices (PLEDs). In this work, the impact of the number of carbon electrode layers on the photovoltaic parameters and impedance spectra of hole transport material-free (HTM-free) glass/FTO/c-TiO2/m-TiO2/m-ZrO2/carbon monolithic PSCs is examined. A significant influence of the carbon electrode layers on the fill factor and series resistance is revealed. The optimum values of fill factor and series resistance are observed when a 3-layered carbon electron is used in the PSC. This is due to higher charge transportation, higher electrical conductivity, higher electron mobility, and lower recombination losses.
{"title":"Impact of carbon electrode layer on the series resistance and fill factor of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cell","authors":"Mujeeb Ur Rahman, Muhammad Usman, Muhammad Hassan Sayyad and Syed Zameer Abbas","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad75cd","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad75cd","url":null,"abstract":"Methylammonium lead triiodide (CH3NH3PbI3) is a metal halide perovskite that is attracting great attention owing to its remarkable optoelectronic properties especially in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and perovskite light-emitting devices (PLEDs). In this work, the impact of the number of carbon electrode layers on the photovoltaic parameters and impedance spectra of hole transport material-free (HTM-free) glass/FTO/c-TiO2/m-TiO2/m-ZrO2/carbon monolithic PSCs is examined. A significant influence of the carbon electrode layers on the fill factor and series resistance is revealed. The optimum values of fill factor and series resistance are observed when a 3-layered carbon electron is used in the PSC. This is due to higher charge transportation, higher electrical conductivity, higher electron mobility, and lower recombination losses.","PeriodicalId":20067,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad7651
Parul Kansal, Anup Kumar Mandpura and Narendra Kumar
This article demonstrates the design process for a unique, two-port, circularly polarized (CP) multiple input multiple outputs (MIMO) antenna for fifth-generation (5G) applications operating at sub-6 GHz. The proposed 2-port CP MIMO antenna comprises a patch antenna with a distinctive slot and a circular split ring resonator (SRR) at the ground plane. The circular patch antenna’s resonant frequency is moved to a lower frequency by the addition of a circular SRR at the ground plane. Investigating a special slot at the patch antenna can help in the enhancement of circular polarization and bandwidth. A sequence of parasitic elements in the shape of ‘h’ is placed in the space between the two antenna elements for decoupling. The minimum 20 dB inter isolation among the antenna elements in the proposed 2-port CP MIMO antenna’s operating band is made possible by these h-shaped parasitic elements. In addition, to ensure the proposed antenna is more reliable for 5G applications at sub-6 GHz, other diversity parameters including Envelop Correlation Co-efficient (ECC), Mean Effective Gain (MEG), Diversity Gain (DG), TARC (Total Active Reflection Co-efficient) and CCL (channel capacity loss) are also calculated . In comparison to existing MIMO systems of the same order, the proposed 2-port CP MIMO antenna appears to have the minimum channel capacity loss and excellent diversity performance. The proposed 2-port CP MIMO antenna achieves an impedance bandwidth of 3.3 to 3.6 GHz with impedance matching better than 10 dB and has an axial ratio bandwidth of 3.35 to 3.51 GHz with a steady radiation pattern in both planes over the operating frequency bands.
本文展示了一种独特的双端口圆极化（CP）多输入多输出（MIMO）天线的设计过程，该天线适用于工作频率低于 6 千兆赫的第五代（5G）应用。拟议的双端口 CP MIMO 天线由一个具有独特插槽的贴片天线和一个位于地平面的圆形分裂环谐振器（SRR）组成。通过在地平面上增加一个圆形分环谐振器，圆形贴片天线的谐振频率被移至较低频率。研究贴片天线上的特殊插槽有助于增强圆极化和带宽。在两个天线元件之间的空间中放置一串 "h "形状的寄生元件，用于去耦。在拟议的 2 端口 CP MIMO 天线的工作频带内，这些 h 形寄生元件使天线元件之间的最小 20 dB 相互隔离成为可能。此外，为了确保拟议的天线在 6 GHz 以下的 5G 应用中更加可靠，还计算了其他分集参数，包括包络相关系数（ECC）、平均有效增益（MEG）、分集增益（DG）、总有源反射系数（TARC）和信道容量损耗（CCL）。与现有的同阶 MIMO 系统相比，拟议的 2 端口 CP MIMO 天线具有最小的信道容量损失和出色的分集性能。拟议的 2 端口 CP MIMO 天线的阻抗带宽为 3.3 至 3.6 GHz，阻抗匹配优于 10 dB，轴向比带宽为 3.35 至 3.51 GHz，在工作频段的两个平面上都有稳定的辐射模式。
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The cardiac magnetic field used for magnetocardiographic (MCG) imaging must be detected in a stable near-zero magnetic field environment. In the hospital environment, there are mainly two kinds of magnetic field disturbances that affect the signal-to-noise ratio of cardiac magnetic field detection. One is the magnetic field disturbance with high power spectral density at a specific frequency, and the other is the random magnetic field disturbance with low frequency. To suppress magnetic field disturbances, this paper proposed a near-zero magnetic field disturbance suppression method that combined a PI controller with adaptive filtering and quasi-proportional resonance control (PI-APF-QPR). The magnetic field disturbance with high amplitude and specific frequency was extracted by the adaptive filter (APF) and suppressed by the quasi-proportional resonance (QPR) controller. Additionally, the low-frequency random disturbance was suppressed by the PI controller. The experimental results showed that compared with the PI controller, the peak-to-peak value of the magnetic field by the PI-APF-QPR controller was reduced by 39.1%, and the suppression ratio of the magnetic field noise by the PI-APF-QPR controller was improved by 29.5%, which verified the effectiveness of the proposed magnetic field disturbance suppression method.
用于磁心动图（MCG）成像的心脏磁场必须在稳定的近零磁场环境中进行检测。在医院环境中，主要有两种磁场干扰会影响心脏磁场检测的信噪比。一种是特定频率下功率谱密度较高的磁场干扰，另一种是频率较低的随机磁场干扰。为了抑制磁场干扰，本文提出了一种近零磁场干扰抑制方法，该方法结合了带有自适应滤波和准比例谐振控制（PI-APF-QPR）的 PI 控制器。自适应滤波器（APF）可提取高振幅和特定频率的磁场干扰，准比例谐振（QPR）控制器可对其进行抑制。此外，PI 控制器还抑制了低频随机扰动。实验结果表明，与 PI 控制器相比，PI-APF-QPR 控制器的磁场峰峰值降低了 39.1%，PI-APF-QPR 控制器的磁场噪声抑制比提高了 29.5%，验证了所提出的磁场干扰抑制方法的有效性。
{"title":"Near-zero magnetic field disturbance suppression method based on adaptive filtering and quasi-proportional resonance control","authors":"Haoting Wu, Haifeng Zhang, Pengtao Tian, Xiuqi Zhao and Shiqiang Zheng","doi":"10.1088/1402-4896/ad74a7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad74a7","url":null,"abstract":"The cardiac magnetic field used for magnetocardiographic (MCG) imaging must be detected in a stable near-zero magnetic field environment. In the hospital environment, there are mainly two kinds of magnetic field disturbances that affect the signal-to-noise ratio of cardiac magnetic field detection. One is the magnetic field disturbance with high power spectral density at a specific frequency, and the other is the random magnetic field disturbance with low frequency. To suppress magnetic field disturbances, this paper proposed a near-zero magnetic field disturbance suppression method that combined a PI controller with adaptive filtering and quasi-proportional resonance control (PI-APF-QPR). The magnetic field disturbance with high amplitude and specific frequency was extracted by the adaptive filter (APF) and suppressed by the quasi-proportional resonance (QPR) controller. Additionally, the low-frequency random disturbance was suppressed by the PI controller. The experimental results showed that compared with the PI controller, the peak-to-peak value of the magnetic field by the PI-APF-QPR controller was reduced by 39.1%, and the suppression ratio of the magnetic field noise by the PI-APF-QPR controller was improved by 29.5%, which verified the effectiveness of the proposed magnetic field disturbance suppression method.","PeriodicalId":20067,"journal":{"name":"Physica Scripta","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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