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Quantum Metrology Enhanced by Leveraging Informative Noise with Error Correction 利用具有纠错功能的信息噪声强化量子计量学
IF 8.6 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.190801
Hongzhen Chen, Yu Chen, Jing Liu, Zibo Miao, Haidong Yuan
The primary challenge in advancing practical quantum technology is the presence of noise, which can lead to decoherence and undermine the advantages of quantum systems. However, it is worth noting that noise can also contain information that can be harnessed to improve performance in certain quantum information tasks. This has been explored for specific types of noise, but the full potential of informative noise within general dynamics remains largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that informative noise can be transformed into a valuable resource for enhancing precision limits in quantum metrology. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions under which the precision achieved in the presence of informative noise can attain Heisenberg scaling. Our research offers a fresh perspective on the role of noise in quantum metrology and opens up avenues for achieving higher precision beyond the previously anticipated ultimate limit.
推动实用量子技术发展的主要挑战是噪声的存在,噪声会导致退相干,破坏量子系统的优势。不过,值得注意的是,噪声也可能包含信息,可以利用这些信息提高某些量子信息任务的性能。这一点已经针对特定类型的噪声进行了探索,但信息噪声在一般动力学中的全部潜力在很大程度上仍不为人所知。在这里,我们证明了信息噪声可以转化为提高量子计量学精度极限的宝贵资源。我们提供了必要条件和充分条件,在这些条件下,有信息噪声存在时实现的精度可以达到海森堡缩放。我们的研究为噪声在量子计量学中的作用提供了一个全新的视角,并为实现超出之前预期极限的更高精度开辟了途径。
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引用次数: 0
Controlling Energy Storage Crossing Quantum Phase Transitions in an Integrable Spin Quantum Battery 控制可积分自旋量子电池中的能量存储跨越量子相变
IF 8.6 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.197001
Riccardo Grazi, Daniel Sacco Shaikh, Maura Sassetti, Niccoló Traverso Ziani, Dario Ferraro
We investigate the performance of a one-dimensional dimerized 𝑋𝑌 chain as a spin quantum battery. Such integrable model shows a rich quantum phase diagram that emerges through a mapping of the spins onto auxiliary fermionic degrees of freedom. We consider a charging protocol relying on the double quench of an internal parameter, namely the strength of the dimerization, and address the energy stored in the systems. We observe three distinct regimes, depending on the timescale characterizing the duration of the charging: a short-time regime related to the dynamics of the single dimers, a long-time regime related to the recurrence time of the system at finite size, and a thermodynamic limit time regime. In the latter, the energy stored is almost unaffected by the charging time and the precise values of the charging parameters, provided the quench crosses a quantum phase transition. Finally, we analytically prove that the three-timescale behavior and the strong dependence of the energy stored on the quantum phase diagram also hold in the quantum Ising chain in a transverse field. Our results can play a relevant role in the design of stable solid-state quantum batteries.
我们研究了一维二聚化𝑋𝑌链作为自旋量子电池的性能。通过将自旋映射到辅助费米子自由度上,这种可积分模型显示出丰富的量子相图。我们考虑了一种依赖于内部参数(即二聚化强度)双重淬火的充电协议,并探讨了系统中存储的能量。根据表征充电持续时间的时间尺度,我们观察到三种截然不同的机制:与单个二聚体动力学相关的短时机制、与有限大小系统的重现时间相关的长时机制,以及热力学极限时间机制。在后者中,只要淬火跨越量子相变,储存的能量几乎不受充电时间和充电参数精确值的影响。最后,我们通过分析证明,在横向场中,量子伊辛链的三时间尺度行为和存储能量对量子相图的强依赖性也是成立的。我们的研究结果可在设计稳定的固态量子电池中发挥重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
Survival Resonances during Fractional Killing of Cell Populations 细胞群分数杀伤过程中的生存共振
IF 8.6 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.198401
Francesco Puccioni, Johannes Pausch, Paul Piho, Philipp Thomas
Fractional killing in response to drugs is a hallmark of nongenetic cellular heterogeneity. Yet how individual lineages evade drug treatment, as observed in bacteria and cancer cells, is not quantitatively understood. We study a stochastic population model with age-dependent division and death rates, allowing for persistence. In periodic drug environments, we discover peaks in the survival probabilities at division or death times that are multiples of the environment duration. The survival resonances are unseen in unstructured populations and are amplified by persistence.
对药物的分化杀伤是非遗传细胞异质性的标志。然而,人们对细菌和癌细胞中观察到的单个细胞系如何逃避药物治疗还没有定量的了解。我们研究了一个随机种群模型,该模型的分裂率和死亡率与年龄有关,并允许持续存在。在周期性药物环境中,我们发现在分裂或死亡时间的生存概率峰值是环境持续时间的倍数。这种存活共振在非结构化种群中是看不到的,并通过持久性得到了放大。
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引用次数: 0
Erratum: All-Loop Result for the Strong Magnetic Field Limit of the Heisenberg-Euler Effective Lagrangian [Phys. Rev. Lett.122, 211602 (2019)] 勘误:海森伯格-欧拉有效拉格朗日的强磁场极限的全环结果 [Phys.
IF 8.6 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.199902
Felix Karbstein
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.199902
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.199902
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引用次数: 0
Incorporating Heterogeneous Interactions for Ecological Biodiversity 纳入异质相互作用,促进生态生物多样性
IF 8.6 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.198402
Jong Il Park (박종일), Deok-Sun Lee (이덕선), Sang Hoon Lee (이상훈), Hye Jin Park (박혜진)
Understanding the behaviors of ecological systems is challenging given their multifaceted complexity. To proceed, theoretical models such as Lotka-Volterra dynamics with random interactions have been investigated by the dynamical mean-field theory to provide insights into underlying principles such as how biodiversity and stability depend on the randomness in interaction strength. Yet the fully connected structures assumed in these previous studies are not realistic, as revealed by a vast amount of empirical data. We derive a generic formula for the abundance distribution under an arbitrary distribution of degree, the number of interacting neighbors, which leads to degree-dependent abundance patterns of species. Notably, in contrast to the fully interacting systems, the number of surviving species can be reduced as the community becomes cooperative in heterogeneous interaction structures. Our study, therefore, demonstrates that properly taking into account heterogeneity in the interspecific interaction structure is indispensable to understanding the diversity in large ecosystems, and our general theoretical framework can apply to a much wider range of interacting many-body systems.
由于生态系统具有多方面的复杂性,因此了解其行为具有挑战性。为此,人们利用动态均场理论研究了具有随机相互作用的洛特卡-伏特拉动力学等理论模型,以深入了解生物多样性和稳定性如何取决于相互作用强度的随机性等基本原理。然而,正如大量经验数据所揭示的那样,以往这些研究中假设的全连接结构并不现实。我们推导出了在任意度分布(即相互作用邻域的数量)条件下丰度分布的通用公式,从而得出了物种丰度依赖度的模式。值得注意的是,与完全交互系统相比,在异质交互结构中,随着群落变得合作,存活物种的数量会减少。因此,我们的研究表明,要理解大型生态系统的多样性,就必须适当考虑种间相互作用结构的异质性,而我们的一般理论框架可适用于更广泛的相互作用多体系统。
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引用次数: 0
Loss-Induced Quantum Information Jet in an Infinite Temperature Hubbard Chain 无限温度哈巴链中损耗诱导的量子信息喷射
IF 8.6 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.190403
Patrik Penc, Cătălin Paşcu Moca, Örs Legeza, Tomaž Prosen, Gergely Zaránd, Miklós Antal Werner
Information propagation in the one-dimensional infinite temperature Hubbard model with a dissipative particle sink at the end of a semi-infinite chain is studied. In the strongly interacting limit, the two-site mutual information and the operator entanglement entropy exhibit a rich structure with two propagating information fronts and superimposed interference fringes. A classical reversible cellular automaton model quantitatively captures the transport and the slow, classical part of the correlations but fails to describe the rapidly propagating information jet. The fast quantum jet resembles coherent free particle propagation, with the accompanying long-ranged interference fringes that are exponentially damped by short-ranged spin correlations in the many-body background.
研究了在半无限链末端有耗散粒子汇的一维无限温度哈伯德模型中的信息传播。在强相互作用极限中,两点互信息和算子纠缠熵表现出丰富的结构,有两条传播信息的前沿和叠加的干涉条纹。经典的可逆蜂窝自动机模型定量地捕捉了相关性的传输和慢速经典部分,但却无法描述快速传播的信息射流。快速量子射流类似于相干自由粒子传播,并伴随着长距离干涉条纹,这些条纹被多体背景中的短距离自旋相关性以指数方式阻尼。
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引用次数: 0
Multipolar Skyrmion Crystals in Non-Kramers Doublet Systems 非克拉默双特系统中的多极天芒晶体
IF 8.6 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.196702
Hao Zhang, Shi-Zeng Lin
We study the Kondo lattice model of multipolar magnetic moments interacting with conduction electrons on a triangular lattice. Bond-dependent electron hoppings induce a compasslike anisotropy in the effective Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida interaction between multipolar moments. This unique anisotropy stabilizes multipolar skyrmion crystals at zero magnetic field. In a unit cell, the skyrmion fractionalizes into meron composites subject to the conservation of total topological charge. Diverse multipolar phases in the phase diagram give rise to novel spontaneous Hall response of conduction electrons.
我们研究了多极磁矩与三角形晶格上的传导电子相互作用的 Kondo 晶格模型。在多极磁矩之间有效的 Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida 相互作用中,依赖于键的电子跳动会引起罗盘状的各向异性。这种独特的各向异性使多极天磁晶体在零磁场下保持稳定。在一个单位晶胞中,skyrmion 分化为美仑复合体,受制于总拓扑电荷守恒。相图中多样的多极相会产生传导电子的新颖自发霍尔响应。
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引用次数: 0
Large Photoinduced Tuning of Ferroelectricity in Sliding Ferroelectrics 滑动铁电中铁电性的大光诱导调谐
IF 8.6 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.196801
Lingyuan Gao, Laurent Bellaiche
Stacking nonpolar, monolayer materials has emerged as an effective strategy to harvest ferroelectricity in two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials. At a particular stacking sequence, interlayer charge transfer allows for the generation of out-of-plane dipole components, and the polarization magnitude and direction can be altered by an interlayer sliding. In this work, we use ab initio calculations and demonstrate that in prototype sliding ferroelectrics rhombohedrally-stacked bilayer transition metal dichalcogenides MoS2, the out-of-plane electric polarization can be robustly tuned by photoexcitation in a large range for a given sliding. Such tuning is associated with both a structural origin—i.e., photoinduced structural distortion—and a charge origin, namely, the distribution of photoexcited carriers. We elucidate different roles that photoexcitation plays in modulating sliding ferroelectricity under different light intensities, and we highlight the pivotal role of light in manipulating polarization of 2D vdW materials.
堆叠非极性单层材料已成为获取二维范德华(vdW)材料铁电性的有效策略。在特定的堆叠顺序下,层间电荷转移可产生平面外偶极子分量,极化幅度和方向可通过层间滑动来改变。在这项研究中,我们利用 ab initio 计算证明,在原型滑动铁电体斜方体堆叠双层过渡金属二掺杂物 MoS2 中,平面外电极化可以通过光激发在给定滑动的很大范围内进行稳健的调整。这种调谐既与结构有关,即光诱导的结构畸变,也与电荷有关,即光激发载流子的分布。我们阐明了光激发在不同光强度下调节滑动铁电性的不同作用,并强调了光在操纵二维 vdW 材料极化中的关键作用。
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引用次数: 0
Erratum: In-Plane Flexoelectricity in Two-Dimensional𝐷3⁢𝑑Crystals [Phys. Rev. Lett.131, 236203 (2023)] 更正:二维𝐷3𝑑晶体中的平面内柔电性 [Phys.
IF 8.6 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.199901
Matteo Springolo, Miquel Royo, Massimiliano Stengel
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.199901
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.199901
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引用次数: 0
Quantum Valley Hall Effect without Berry Curvature 无贝里曲率的量子谷霍尔效应
IF 8.6 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.196603
Rasoul Ghadimi, Chiranjit Mondal, Sunje Kim, Bohm-Jung Yang
The quantum valley Hall effect (QVHE) is characterized by the valley Chern number (VCN) in a way that one-dimensional (1D) chiral metallic states are guaranteed to appear at the domain walls (DW) between two domains with opposite VCN for a given valley. Although in the case of QVHE, the total Berry curvature (BC) of the system is zero, the BC distributed locally around each valley makes the VCN well defined as long as intervalley scattering is negligible. Here, we propose a new type of valley-dependent topological phenomenon that occurs when the BC is strictly zero at each momentum. Such zero Berry curvature (ZBC) QVHE is characterized by the valley Euler number (VEN) which is computed by integrating the Euler curvature around a given valley in two-dimensional (2D) systems with space-time inversion symmetry. 1D helical metallic states can be topologically protected at the DW between two domains with the opposite VENs when the DW configuration preserves either the mirror symmetry with respect to the DW or the combination of the DW space-time inversion and chiral symmetries. We establish the fundamental origin of ZBC QVHE. Also, by combining tight-binding model study and first-principles calculations, we propose stacked hexagonal bilayer lattices including -BX (𝑋=As, P) and large-angle twisted bilayer graphenes as candidate systems with robust helical DW states protected by VEN.
量子谷霍尔效应(QVHE)以谷切尔恩数(VCN)为特征,其方式是保证在给定谷切尔恩数相反的两个畴之间的畴壁(DW)上出现一维(1D)手性金属态。虽然在 QVHE 的情况下,系统的总贝里曲率(BC)为零,但只要间隔散射可以忽略不计,分布在每个谷周围的局部贝里曲率就能很好地定义 VCN。在这里,我们提出了一种新的依赖于山谷的拓扑现象,当 BC 在每个动量上严格为零时,这种现象就会出现。这种零贝里曲率(ZBC)QVHE 的特征是山谷欧拉数(VEN),它是通过对具有时空反转对称性的二维(2D)系统中给定山谷周围的欧拉曲率进行积分而计算得出的。当 DW 配置保留了相对于 DW 的镜像对称性或 DW 时空反转对称性和手性对称性的组合时,一维螺旋金属态可以在两个具有相反 VEN 的域之间的 DW 上得到拓扑保护。我们建立了 ZBC QVHE 的基本起源。同时,通过结合紧密结合模型研究和第一原理计算,我们提出了堆叠六边形双层晶格(包括 氛围-BX(𝑋=As, P)和大角度扭曲双层石墨烯)作为具有受 VEN 保护的稳健螺旋 DW 态的候选体系。
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引用次数: 0
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