Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01237-z
Mingming Qi, Lijun Jiang, Jialin Song, Feng Han, Mei Xu, Yueming Li, Chengye Ma, Shanfeng Chen, Hongjun Li
The extrusion process, a vital technique for starch modification, is notably influenced by the moisture content (MC). This study aimed to elucidate the effect of varying MC levels (18, 22, 26, and 30%) on the structural and physicochemical characteristics of cassava flour during extrusion. Extrusion resulted in the fraction of degree of polymerization 13‒24, degree of branching, and molecular weight increased with increasing MC, with values of above indexes being 32.29%, 1.05%, and 1.21 × 105 g/mol, respectively, at a MC of 18%. This suggested that the degradation of amylopectin and amylose. Additionally, there was an increase in rapidly digestible starch (RDS) and a decrease in slowly digestible starch (SDS) in the extrudates in comparison to the native cassava flour. The extrusion of cassava flour at 18% MC exhibited the highest levels of RDS and SDS, reaching 64.52% and 4.06%, respectively. These findings indicated that low moisture extrusion could be a more effective method for disrupting the structure of cassava starch and enhancing the digestibility of cassava flour, offering valuable insights for the optimized use of cassava extrudates in various applications.
挤压工艺是淀粉改性的一项重要技术,受水分含量(MC)的影响很大。本研究旨在阐明不同 MC 含量(18%、22%、26% 和 30%)对木薯粉在挤压过程中的结构和理化特性的影响。挤压导致聚合度 13-24 的部分、支化度和分子量随着 MC 的增加而增加,当 MC 为 18% 时,上述指标值分别为 32.29%、1.05% 和 1.21 × 105 g/mol。这表明直链淀粉和淀粉发生了降解。此外,与原生木薯粉相比,挤压物中可快速消化的淀粉(RDS)有所增加,而可缓慢消化的淀粉(SDS)有所减少。在 MC 值为 18% 时,木薯粉的 RDS 和 SDS 水平最高,分别达到 64.52% 和 4.06%。这些研究结果表明,低水分挤压是破坏木薯淀粉结构和提高木薯粉消化率的更有效方法,为木薯挤压物在各种应用中的优化使用提供了有价值的见解。
{"title":"Investigating the Impact of Moisture Levels on Structural Alterations and Physicochemical Properties of Cassava Flour through Extrusion: A Comprehensive Study","authors":"Mingming Qi, Lijun Jiang, Jialin Song, Feng Han, Mei Xu, Yueming Li, Chengye Ma, Shanfeng Chen, Hongjun Li","doi":"10.1007/s11130-024-01237-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-024-01237-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The extrusion process, a vital technique for starch modification, is notably influenced by the moisture content (MC). This study aimed to elucidate the effect of varying MC levels (18, 22, 26, and 30%) on the structural and physicochemical characteristics of cassava flour during extrusion. Extrusion resulted in the fraction of degree of polymerization 13‒24, degree of branching, and molecular weight increased with increasing MC, with values of above indexes being 32.29%, 1.05%, and 1.21 × 10<sup>5</sup> g/mol, respectively, at a MC of 18%. This suggested that the degradation of amylopectin and amylose. Additionally, there was an increase in rapidly digestible starch (RDS) and a decrease in slowly digestible starch (SDS) in the extrudates in comparison to the native cassava flour. The extrusion of cassava flour at 18% MC exhibited the highest levels of RDS and SDS, reaching 64.52% and 4.06%, respectively. These findings indicated that low moisture extrusion could be a more effective method for disrupting the structure of cassava starch and enhancing the digestibility of cassava flour, offering valuable insights for the optimized use of cassava extrudates in various applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20092,"journal":{"name":"Plant Foods for Human Nutrition","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142265827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The contamination of food and feed by mycotoxins, particularly zearalenone (ZEA) and deoxynivalenol (DON), is a global issue. Prenatal exposure to ZEA and DON can result in congenital cardiac malformations in fetuses. Addressing the prevention and mitigation of embryonic cardiotoxicity caused by these toxins is crucial. Citrus limonoid nomilin (NOM) is an extract known for its pathological properties in various diseases. This study investigated the potential mechanism of NOM in mitigating cardiotoxicity caused by ZEA and DON co-exposure in a zebrafish model. The findings indicated that NOM pretreatment alleviated cardiac developmental toxicity induced by ZEA and DON and normalized the expression of key genes involved in heart development, including gata4, vmhc, nkx2.5, and sox9b. Co-exposure to NOM, ZEA, and DON enhanced SOD and catalase activity, increased glutathione levels, and reduced ROS and malondialdehyde production. Furthermore, NOM reduced cardiac oxidative damage by activating the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. In summary, this study offers new insights for preventive interventions against congenital heart disease caused by mycotoxin exposure.
霉菌毒素,特别是玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEA)和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)对食品和饲料的污染是一个全球性问题。产前接触玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEA)和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)会导致胎儿先天性心脏畸形。预防和减轻这些毒素造成的胚胎心脏毒性至关重要。柑橘类柠檬素诺米林(NOM)是一种提取物,因其在多种疾病中的病理特性而闻名。本研究调查了 NOM 在斑马鱼模型中减轻 ZEA 和 DON 共同暴露引起的心脏毒性的潜在机制。研究结果表明,NOM预处理可减轻ZEA和DON诱导的心脏发育毒性,并使参与心脏发育的关键基因(包括gata4、vmhc、nkx2.5和sox9b)的表达正常化。同时暴露于 NOM、ZEA 和 DON 可增强 SOD 和过氧化氢酶的活性,提高谷胱甘肽水平,减少 ROS 和丙二醛的产生。此外,NOM 还能通过激活 Keap1/Nrf2 信号通路减少心脏氧化损伤。总之,这项研究为预防性干预霉菌毒素暴露引起的先天性心脏病提供了新的见解。
{"title":"Nomilin Reversed Cardiotoxicity Caused by Co-exposure to Zearalenone and Deoxynivalenol via the Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Zebrafish","authors":"Xing Liu, Yuting Peng, Ruobing Chen, Yueyue Zhou, Mingzhu Xia, Xinyi Wu, Meng Yu","doi":"10.1007/s11130-024-01228-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-024-01228-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The contamination of food and feed by mycotoxins, particularly zearalenone (ZEA) and deoxynivalenol (DON), is a global issue. Prenatal exposure to ZEA and DON can result in congenital cardiac malformations in fetuses. Addressing the prevention and mitigation of embryonic cardiotoxicity caused by these toxins is crucial. Citrus limonoid nomilin (NOM) is an extract known for its pathological properties in various diseases. This study investigated the potential mechanism of NOM in mitigating cardiotoxicity caused by ZEA and DON co-exposure in a zebrafish model. The findings indicated that NOM pretreatment alleviated cardiac developmental toxicity induced by ZEA and DON and normalized the expression of key genes involved in heart development, including gata4, vmhc, nkx2.5, and sox9b. Co-exposure to NOM, ZEA, and DON enhanced SOD and catalase activity, increased glutathione levels, and reduced ROS and malondialdehyde production. Furthermore, NOM reduced cardiac oxidative damage by activating the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. In summary, this study offers new insights for preventive interventions against congenital heart disease caused by mycotoxin exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":20092,"journal":{"name":"Plant Foods for Human Nutrition","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01231-5
Seok Woo Kim, Wona Jee, So-Mi Park, Ye-Rin Park, Hanbit Bae, Yun-Cheol Na, Han-Gyul Lee, Seungwon Kwon, Hyeung-Jin Jang
Acute pneumonia is a respiratory disease characterized by inflammation within the lung tissue, exhibiting higher morbidity rates and mortality rates among immunocompromised children and older adults. Symplocos species have been traditionally used as herbal remedies for conditions like dysentery, skin ulcers, diarrhea, and dyspepsia. Contemporary research has employed various Symplocos species in the study of diverse diseases. However, the exact efficacy and mechanisms of action of Symplocos Prunifolia remain unknown. Therefore, this study investigated the anti-inflammatory mechanism of S. prunifolia extract (SPE) in A549 and RAW264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). SPE significantly reduced nitric oxide (NO) production and the protein expression levels of like inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, it reduced the protein expression levels of iNOS, COX-2 and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated A549 cells. The mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effect of SPE was associated with the inhibition of LPS stimulated the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) and Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation. Moreover, we confirmed that SPE decreased the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/p65 stimulated by LPS. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that SPE alleviates inflammatory responses by deactivating the PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Our findings suggest that SPE is a potential candidate for acute pneumonia prevention.
{"title":"Anti-inflammatory Effect of Symplocos prunifolia Extract in an In Vitro Model of Acute Pneumonia","authors":"Seok Woo Kim, Wona Jee, So-Mi Park, Ye-Rin Park, Hanbit Bae, Yun-Cheol Na, Han-Gyul Lee, Seungwon Kwon, Hyeung-Jin Jang","doi":"10.1007/s11130-024-01231-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-024-01231-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Acute pneumonia is a respiratory disease characterized by inflammation within the lung tissue, exhibiting higher morbidity rates and mortality rates among immunocompromised children and older adults. <i>Symplocos</i> species have been traditionally used as herbal remedies for conditions like dysentery, skin ulcers, diarrhea, and dyspepsia. Contemporary research has employed various <i>Symplocos</i> species in the study of diverse diseases. However, the exact efficacy and mechanisms of action of <i>Symplocos Prunifolia</i> remain unknown. Therefore, this study investigated the anti-inflammatory mechanism of <i>S. prunifolia</i> extract (SPE) in A549 and RAW264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). SPE significantly reduced nitric oxide (NO) production and the protein expression levels of like inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, it reduced the protein expression levels of iNOS, COX-2 and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated A549 cells. The mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effect of SPE was associated with the inhibition of LPS stimulated the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) and Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation. Moreover, we confirmed that SPE decreased the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/p65 stimulated by LPS. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that SPE alleviates inflammatory responses by deactivating the PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Our findings suggest that SPE is a potential candidate for acute pneumonia prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":20092,"journal":{"name":"Plant Foods for Human Nutrition","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cyanra cardunclus L. var. ferocissima is widely used in Morocco as a food and in traditional medicine. Therefore, this study aimed to determine, for the first time, the phytochemical content and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of this variety. Qualitative tests were used to screen for the phytochemical compounds present in the extract, and spectrophotometric methods were used for quantification. The sugar profiles were determined using HPLC. Antioxidant activity was determined in vitro using DPPH, FRAP, and total antioxidant activity assays, and anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using serum albumin denaturation and membrane stabilization assays. The extract contained a high amount of total polyphenols, hydrocinnamic acids, anthocyanins, chlorophyll, ortho-diphenols, terpenoids, and triterpenoids. In addition, five sugars were identified with high amounts of raffinose and sucrose. The extract exerted considerable antioxidant activity by scavenging radicals and reducing power. It exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting protein denaturation and heat-inducing hemolysis. From the correlation results, anthocyanin, polyphenol, and triterpenoid contents were strongly correlated with DPPH free radical scavenging activity. Orthodiphenols, flavonols, and chlorophyll α were strongly correlated with FRAP, whereas orthodiphenols, hydrocinnamic acids, and triterpenoids were strongly correlated with total antioxidant activity. In terms of anti-inflammatory activity, orthodiphenols, hydrocinnamic acids, and triterpenoids correlated strongly with inhibition of bovine serum albumin denaturation activity, whereas terpenoids, flavonols, and chlorophyll correlated strongly with red cell membrane-stabilizing activity. In conclusion, the Moroccan Cynara cardunclus var. ferocissima leaf methanolic extract constitutes a promising source of phytochemicals with considerable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.
Cyanra cardunclus L. var. ferocissima 在摩洛哥被广泛用作食品和传统药物。因此,本研究旨在首次确定该品种的植物化学成分含量以及抗氧化和抗炎活性。研究采用定性测试筛选提取物中的植物化学成分,并使用分光光度法进行定量。采用高效液相色谱法测定了糖的概况。抗氧化活性采用 DPPH、FRAP 和总抗氧化活性测定法进行体外测定,抗炎活性采用血清白蛋白变性和膜稳定测定法进行评估。提取物中含有大量的总多酚、氢化肉桂酸、花青素、叶绿素、正二酚、萜类和三萜类化合物。此外,还发现了五种糖类,其中棉子糖和蔗糖含量较高。该提取物通过清除自由基和还原力发挥了相当大的抗氧化活性。它通过抑制蛋白质变性和热引起的溶血而发挥抗炎作用。从相关性结果来看,花青素、多酚和三萜含量与 DPPH 自由基清除活性密切相关。正二萜、黄酮醇和叶绿素α与 FRAP 密切相关,而正二萜、氢化肉桂酸和三萜类化合物与总抗氧化活性密切相关。在抗炎活性方面,正二萜、氢化肉桂酸和三萜类化合物与抑制牛血清白蛋白变性活性密切相关,而萜类化合物、黄酮醇和叶绿素与红细胞膜稳定活性密切相关。总之,摩洛哥 Cynara cardunclus 变种 ferocissima 叶甲醇提取物是一种很有前景的植物化学物质来源,具有相当强的抗氧化和抗炎活性。
{"title":"Phytochemical content, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of Morrocan Cynara cardunculus L. var. ferocissima leaf methanolic extract","authors":"Habiba Nechchadi, Fatima Ezzahra Kacimi, Armando McDonald, Samira Boulbaroud, Hicham Berrougui, Mhamed Ramchoun","doi":"10.1007/s11130-024-01234-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-024-01234-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Cyanra cardunclus</i> L. var. <i>ferocissima</i> is widely used in Morocco as a food and in traditional medicine. Therefore, this study aimed to determine, for the first time, the phytochemical content and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of this variety. Qualitative tests were used to screen for the phytochemical compounds present in the extract, and spectrophotometric methods were used for quantification. The sugar profiles were determined using HPLC. Antioxidant activity was determined in vitro using DPPH, FRAP, and total antioxidant activity assays, and anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using serum albumin denaturation and membrane stabilization assays. The extract contained a high amount of total polyphenols, hydrocinnamic acids, anthocyanins, chlorophyll, ortho-diphenols, terpenoids, and triterpenoids. In addition, five sugars were identified with high amounts of raffinose and sucrose. The extract exerted considerable antioxidant activity by scavenging radicals and reducing power. It exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting protein denaturation and heat-inducing hemolysis. From the correlation results, anthocyanin, polyphenol, and triterpenoid contents were strongly correlated with DPPH free radical scavenging activity. Orthodiphenols, flavonols, and chlorophyll α were strongly correlated with FRAP, whereas orthodiphenols, hydrocinnamic acids, and triterpenoids were strongly correlated with total antioxidant activity. In terms of anti-inflammatory activity, orthodiphenols, hydrocinnamic acids, and triterpenoids correlated strongly with inhibition of bovine serum albumin denaturation activity, whereas terpenoids, flavonols, and chlorophyll correlated strongly with red cell membrane-stabilizing activity. In conclusion, the Moroccan <i>Cynara cardunclus var. ferocissima</i> leaf methanolic extract constitutes a promising source of phytochemicals with considerable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20092,"journal":{"name":"Plant Foods for Human Nutrition","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-09DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01233-3
Grethel Teresa Choque-Delgado, Ana Rosmery Condo-Mamani, Maribel Gabriela Quispe-Sucso, Bruce R. Hamaker
Legumes are edible seeds that have high nutritional and functional value. Their cultivation and consumption turn out to be an alternative to hunger and guarantee food security in vulnerable populations. This manuscript explores the nutritional and functional properties and potential uses of native Andean legumes such as Pajuro, Tarhui, Common bean, and Lima beans. They contain macro and micronutrients and bioactive compounds with antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and antihypertensive that benefit consumer health. These compounds are particular proteins, peptides, polyphenols, alkaloids, vitamins, minerals, and among others. Moreover, Andean legumes have shown industrial potential due to their technological properties that could be useful in adding value to other food products. These properties are due to their content of starch, oil, fiber, and protein that could facilitate their processing and obtain products with adequate sensory characteristics. Andean legumes have good nutritional and functional value and have the potential to be included in daily diets. Given the accumulated evidence, we believe that the consumption of Andean legumes in nature and processed should be strongly encouraged.
豆科植物是可食用的种子,具有很高的营养和功能价值。种植和食用豆科植物可以替代饥饿,保障弱势人群的粮食安全。本手稿探讨了安第斯原生豆类(如 Pajuro、Tarhui、Common bean 和 Lima beans)的营养和功能特性及潜在用途。它们含有宏观和微观营养素以及生物活性化合物,具有抗氧化、抗菌、抗糖尿病和抗高血压等功效,有益于消费者的健康。这些化合物包括蛋白质、肽、多酚、生物碱、维生素、矿物质等。此外,安第斯豆类因其技术特性而显示出工业潜力,可为其他食品增值。这些特性是由于它们含有淀粉、油脂、纤维和蛋白质,可以促进加工并获得具有适当感官特征的产品。安第斯豆类具有良好的营养和功能价值,有可能被纳入日常饮食。鉴于已积累的证据,我们认为应大力鼓励食用安第斯豆类的天然产品和加工产品。
{"title":"Nutritional and Functional Value of Andean Native Legumes and Their Potential Industrial Application","authors":"Grethel Teresa Choque-Delgado, Ana Rosmery Condo-Mamani, Maribel Gabriela Quispe-Sucso, Bruce R. Hamaker","doi":"10.1007/s11130-024-01233-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-024-01233-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Legumes are edible seeds that have high nutritional and functional value. Their cultivation and consumption turn out to be an alternative to hunger and guarantee food security in vulnerable populations. This manuscript explores the nutritional and functional properties and potential uses of native Andean legumes such as <i>Pajuro</i>, <i>Tarhui</i>, Common bean, and Lima beans. They contain macro and micronutrients and bioactive compounds with antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and antihypertensive that benefit consumer health. These compounds are particular proteins, peptides, polyphenols, alkaloids, vitamins, minerals, and among others. Moreover, Andean legumes have shown industrial potential due to their technological properties that could be useful in adding value to other food products. These properties are due to their content of starch, oil, fiber, and protein that could facilitate their processing and obtain products with adequate sensory characteristics. Andean legumes have good nutritional and functional value and have the potential to be included in daily diets. Given the accumulated evidence, we believe that the consumption of Andean legumes in nature and processed should be strongly encouraged.</p>","PeriodicalId":20092,"journal":{"name":"Plant Foods for Human Nutrition","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-05-25DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01185-8
Daniela Canuto Fernandes, Geovana Ferreira Dos Santos, Mariana Oliveira Borges, Tiago Dias, Maria Margareth Veloso Naves
The chemical composition, antioxidant capacity and functional properties of mixtures of baru by-products, named baru food ingredients (BFI), were investigated and applied in a plant-based burger formulation. BFI were prepared from wasted baru by-products - partially defatted baru nut cake and baru pulp plus peel. A plant-based burger was developed and its chemical composition, antioxidant capacity, cooking and texture parameters were determined. BFI1 (50% partially defatted baru nut cake + 50% baru pulp plus peel) had the highest content of carbohydrate (31.9%), and dietary fibre (28.3%). BFI2 (75% partially defatted baru nut cake + 25% baru pulp plus peel) and BFI3 (90% partially defatted baru nut cake + 10% baru pulp plus peel) showed high concentration of protein and dietary fibre, and BFI3 had the highest protein content (29.5%). All BFI showed high concentration of total phenolics (402-443 mg GAE/100 g). Replacing textured pea protein of control burger (PPB) with 35% of BFI3 in the formulation of baru protein burger (BPB) resulted in a low-fat product (2.9%), with protein content (19.2%) comparable to the PPB (15.9%) and the commercial burger (mixed plant proteins - 16.3%). The BPB also showed a higher concentration of dietary fibre (4.9%) and phenolic compounds (128 mg GAE/100 g) than the control burger. BPB's cooking yield was the highest among the tested burgers. BPB had a softer texture when compared to other burgers. Baru food ingredients can be used as nutritive ingredients of health-promoting foods, especially in plant-based products, such as burger and meat analogues, or in hybrid meat products. BPB showed a healthy and nutritious profile.
{"title":"Blend of Baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) By-Products as Nutritive and Healthy Food Ingredients: Chemical Composition, Functional Properties and Application in Plant-Based Burger.","authors":"Daniela Canuto Fernandes, Geovana Ferreira Dos Santos, Mariana Oliveira Borges, Tiago Dias, Maria Margareth Veloso Naves","doi":"10.1007/s11130-024-01185-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11130-024-01185-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The chemical composition, antioxidant capacity and functional properties of mixtures of baru by-products, named baru food ingredients (BFI), were investigated and applied in a plant-based burger formulation. BFI were prepared from wasted baru by-products - partially defatted baru nut cake and baru pulp plus peel. A plant-based burger was developed and its chemical composition, antioxidant capacity, cooking and texture parameters were determined. BFI<sub>1</sub> (50% partially defatted baru nut cake + 50% baru pulp plus peel) had the highest content of carbohydrate (31.9%), and dietary fibre (28.3%). BFI<sub>2</sub> (75% partially defatted baru nut cake + 25% baru pulp plus peel) and BFI<sub>3</sub> (90% partially defatted baru nut cake + 10% baru pulp plus peel) showed high concentration of protein and dietary fibre, and BFI<sub>3</sub> had the highest protein content (29.5%). All BFI showed high concentration of total phenolics (402-443 mg GAE/100 g). Replacing textured pea protein of control burger (PPB) with 35% of BFI<sub>3</sub> in the formulation of baru protein burger (BPB) resulted in a low-fat product (2.9%), with protein content (19.2%) comparable to the PPB (15.9%) and the commercial burger (mixed plant proteins - 16.3%). The BPB also showed a higher concentration of dietary fibre (4.9%) and phenolic compounds (128 mg GAE/100 g) than the control burger. BPB's cooking yield was the highest among the tested burgers. BPB had a softer texture when compared to other burgers. Baru food ingredients can be used as nutritive ingredients of health-promoting foods, especially in plant-based products, such as burger and meat analogues, or in hybrid meat products. BPB showed a healthy and nutritious profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":20092,"journal":{"name":"Plant Foods for Human Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"578-585"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141096982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-05-25DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01186-7
Montserrat Calderón-Santoyo, Carolina Calderón-Chiu, Frida Zoé Ragazzo-Calderón, Julio César Barros-Castillo, Juan Arturo Ragazzo-Sánchez
Mexican Coccoloba uvifera fruit contains polyphenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, while in the leaves, lupeol, α- and β-amyrin have been previously identified by HPLC. However, the low resolution by HPLC of pentacyclic triterpenes (PTs) is a limitation. Moreover, the volatile profile of C. uvifera fruit is still unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to identify PTs in C. uvifera leaf and fruit extracts by CG-MS analysis and to determine the volatile profile of C. uvifera pulp by headspace solid-phase microextraction. The results showed trimethylsilylated compounds of standards lupeol, α- and β-amyrin, indicating that the silylation reaction was suitable. These trimethylsilylated compounds were identified in leaf and fruit extracts. The fruit volatile profile revealed the presence of 278 esters, 20 terpenes, 9 aldehydes, 5 alcohols, and 4 ketones. The fruit showed a high content of esters and terpenes. Due to their flavour properties, esters are essential for the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutics industries. Moreover, terpenes in the fruit, such as menthone, β-elemene, junipene, and β-caryophyllene have the potential as anticancer and phytopathogen agents. The results indicated that GC-MS is an alternative to HPLC approaches for identifying PTs. Besides, identifying volatile compounds in the fruit will increase the value of this plant and expand its application. Identifying PTs and volatile compounds in Mexican C. uvifera leads to a better understanding of the potential benefits of this plant. This would increase the consumption of Mexican C. uvifera fresh or as functional ingredients in nutraceutical or pharmaceutical products.
{"title":"Mexican Coccoloba uvifera L. Leaf and Fruit Extracts: Identification of Pentacyclic Triterpenes and Volatile Profile by GC-MS.","authors":"Montserrat Calderón-Santoyo, Carolina Calderón-Chiu, Frida Zoé Ragazzo-Calderón, Julio César Barros-Castillo, Juan Arturo Ragazzo-Sánchez","doi":"10.1007/s11130-024-01186-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11130-024-01186-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mexican Coccoloba uvifera fruit contains polyphenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, while in the leaves, lupeol, α- and β-amyrin have been previously identified by HPLC. However, the low resolution by HPLC of pentacyclic triterpenes (PTs) is a limitation. Moreover, the volatile profile of C. uvifera fruit is still unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to identify PTs in C. uvifera leaf and fruit extracts by CG-MS analysis and to determine the volatile profile of C. uvifera pulp by headspace solid-phase microextraction. The results showed trimethylsilylated compounds of standards lupeol, α- and β-amyrin, indicating that the silylation reaction was suitable. These trimethylsilylated compounds were identified in leaf and fruit extracts. The fruit volatile profile revealed the presence of 278 esters, 20 terpenes, 9 aldehydes, 5 alcohols, and 4 ketones. The fruit showed a high content of esters and terpenes. Due to their flavour properties, esters are essential for the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutics industries. Moreover, terpenes in the fruit, such as menthone, β-elemene, junipene, and β-caryophyllene have the potential as anticancer and phytopathogen agents. The results indicated that GC-MS is an alternative to HPLC approaches for identifying PTs. Besides, identifying volatile compounds in the fruit will increase the value of this plant and expand its application. Identifying PTs and volatile compounds in Mexican C. uvifera leads to a better understanding of the potential benefits of this plant. This would increase the consumption of Mexican C. uvifera fresh or as functional ingredients in nutraceutical or pharmaceutical products.</p>","PeriodicalId":20092,"journal":{"name":"Plant Foods for Human Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"571-577"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141096989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-05-25DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01178-7
Sarita, Deepika, Anita Kumari, Surender Singh
{"title":"In-Vitro Cytotoxic, Hypoglycaemic, and Inhibitory α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Potential of Flour of Improved Hull-Less and Hulled Barley Varieties.","authors":"Sarita, Deepika, Anita Kumari, Surender Singh","doi":"10.1007/s11130-024-01178-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11130-024-01178-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20092,"journal":{"name":"Plant Foods for Human Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"712-718"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141096984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jack bean (JB), Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC, is a commonly cultivated legume in Indonesia. It is rich in protein, which can be hydrolyzed, making it potentially a good source of bioactive peptides. Intestinal inflammation is associated with several diseases, and the production of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in intestinal epithelial cells induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α has an important role in inflammatory reaction. The present study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of peptides generated from enzymatic hydrolysis of JB protein on human intestinal Caco-2BBe cells. Additionally, in silico approaches were used to identify potential bioactive peptides. JB protein hydrolysate (JBPH) prepared using pepsin and pancreatin reduced the IL-8 expression at protein and mRNA levels in Caco-2BBe cells stimulated with TNF-α. Immunoblot analysis showed that the JBPH reduced the TNF-α-induced phosphorylation of c-Jun-NH(2)-terminal kinase, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and p38 proteins. Anti-inflammatory activity was observed in the 30% acetonitrile fraction of JBPH separated on a Sep-Pak C18 column. An ultrafiltration method revealed that relatively small peptides (< 3 kDa) had a potent inhibitory effect on the IL-8 production. Purification of the peptides by reversed-phase and anion-exchange high performance chromatography produced three peptide fractions with anti-inflammatory activities. A combination of mass spectrometry analysis and in silico approaches identified the potential anti-inflammatory peptides. Peptides derived from JB protein reduces the TNF-α-induced inflammatory response in Caco-2BBe cells via NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Our results may lead to a novel therapeutic approach to promote intestinal health.
{"title":"Identification and Molecular Mechanism of Anti-inflammatory Peptides Isolated from Jack Bean Protein Hydrolysates: in vitro Studies with Human Intestinal Caco-2BBe Cells.","authors":"Bambang Dwi Wijatniko, Yoshinari Yamamoto, Makoto Hirayama, Takuya Suzuki","doi":"10.1007/s11130-024-01201-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11130-024-01201-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Jack bean (JB), Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC, is a commonly cultivated legume in Indonesia. It is rich in protein, which can be hydrolyzed, making it potentially a good source of bioactive peptides. Intestinal inflammation is associated with several diseases, and the production of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in intestinal epithelial cells induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α has an important role in inflammatory reaction. The present study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of peptides generated from enzymatic hydrolysis of JB protein on human intestinal Caco-2BBe cells. Additionally, in silico approaches were used to identify potential bioactive peptides. JB protein hydrolysate (JBPH) prepared using pepsin and pancreatin reduced the IL-8 expression at protein and mRNA levels in Caco-2BBe cells stimulated with TNF-α. Immunoblot analysis showed that the JBPH reduced the TNF-α-induced phosphorylation of c-Jun-NH(2)-terminal kinase, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and p38 proteins. Anti-inflammatory activity was observed in the 30% acetonitrile fraction of JBPH separated on a Sep-Pak C18 column. An ultrafiltration method revealed that relatively small peptides (< 3 kDa) had a potent inhibitory effect on the IL-8 production. Purification of the peptides by reversed-phase and anion-exchange high performance chromatography produced three peptide fractions with anti-inflammatory activities. A combination of mass spectrometry analysis and in silico approaches identified the potential anti-inflammatory peptides. Peptides derived from JB protein reduces the TNF-α-induced inflammatory response in Caco-2BBe cells via NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Our results may lead to a novel therapeutic approach to promote intestinal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":20092,"journal":{"name":"Plant Foods for Human Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"624-631"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11410891/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141470120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01Epub Date: 2024-07-03DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01208-4
Tijana Ilić, Ivana Đuričić, Igor Kodranov, Ljuboš Ušjak, Stefan Kolašinac, Milan Milenković, Mirjana Marčetić, Dragana D Božić, Bojana B Vidović
Cultivation of goji berries (GB), fruits of Lycium barbarum L. (Solanaceae), is expanding worldwide, including in Europe. In this study, a comparative analysis of the nutritional value, chemical composition and in vitro biological activities of GB from different locations in Serbia was performed. Proximate compositions were evaluated according to standard methods. Minerals were assessed by inductively coupled plasma techniques, while fatty acids, sterols, and phenolic profiles were analyzed by gas- and liquid chromatography-based techniques coupled with flame-ionization, mass spectrometry, or diode array detection. The total content of phenolics, flavonoids, carotenoids, and polysaccharides was assessed using spectrophotometric methods. Methanol extracts from GB were examined for their antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase and tyrosinase) and antibacterial activities. Despite significant variations among samples from different locations, the results confirmed that GB are a valuable source of dietary fiber and protein and are characterized by favorable fatty acid profiles. Phytochemical analysis revealed that β-sitosterol, Δ5-avenasterol, and 24-methyldesmosterol are the predominant sterols and caffeic acid, gallic acid, quercetin and rutin are the main phenols. All GB samples showed both antioxidant and mild antimicrobial activity. A dose-dependent anti-enzymatic activity (IC50 ranging 1.68-6.88 mg/mL) was demonstrated. The results support further promotion of GB cultivation in Serbia and further investigations on their potential applications in various industries.
{"title":"Nutritional Value, Phytochemical Composition and Biological Activities of Lycium barbarum L. fruits from Serbia.","authors":"Tijana Ilić, Ivana Đuričić, Igor Kodranov, Ljuboš Ušjak, Stefan Kolašinac, Milan Milenković, Mirjana Marčetić, Dragana D Božić, Bojana B Vidović","doi":"10.1007/s11130-024-01208-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11130-024-01208-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cultivation of goji berries (GB), fruits of Lycium barbarum L. (Solanaceae), is expanding worldwide, including in Europe. In this study, a comparative analysis of the nutritional value, chemical composition and in vitro biological activities of GB from different locations in Serbia was performed. Proximate compositions were evaluated according to standard methods. Minerals were assessed by inductively coupled plasma techniques, while fatty acids, sterols, and phenolic profiles were analyzed by gas- and liquid chromatography-based techniques coupled with flame-ionization, mass spectrometry, or diode array detection. The total content of phenolics, flavonoids, carotenoids, and polysaccharides was assessed using spectrophotometric methods. Methanol extracts from GB were examined for their antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase and tyrosinase) and antibacterial activities. Despite significant variations among samples from different locations, the results confirmed that GB are a valuable source of dietary fiber and protein and are characterized by favorable fatty acid profiles. Phytochemical analysis revealed that β-sitosterol, Δ<sup>5</sup>-avenasterol, and 24-methyldesmosterol are the predominant sterols and caffeic acid, gallic acid, quercetin and rutin are the main phenols. All GB samples showed both antioxidant and mild antimicrobial activity. A dose-dependent anti-enzymatic activity (IC<sub>50</sub> ranging 1.68-6.88 mg/mL) was demonstrated. The results support further promotion of GB cultivation in Serbia and further investigations on their potential applications in various industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":20092,"journal":{"name":"Plant Foods for Human Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"662-668"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141498732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}