The contamination of food and feed by mycotoxins, particularly zearalenone (ZEA) and deoxynivalenol (DON), is a global issue. Prenatal exposure to ZEA and DON can result in congenital cardiac malformations in fetuses. Addressing the prevention and mitigation of embryonic cardiotoxicity caused by these toxins is crucial. Citrus limonoid nomilin (NOM) is an extract known for its pathological properties in various diseases. This study investigated the potential mechanism of NOM in mitigating cardiotoxicity caused by ZEA and DON co-exposure in a zebrafish model. The findings indicated that NOM pretreatment alleviated cardiac developmental toxicity induced by ZEA and DON and normalized the expression of key genes involved in heart development, including gata4, vmhc, nkx2.5, and sox9b. Co-exposure to NOM, ZEA, and DON enhanced SOD and catalase activity, increased glutathione levels, and reduced ROS and malondialdehyde production. Furthermore, NOM reduced cardiac oxidative damage by activating the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. In summary, this study offers new insights for preventive interventions against congenital heart disease caused by mycotoxin exposure.
霉菌毒素,特别是玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEA)和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)对食品和饲料的污染是一个全球性问题。产前接触玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEA)和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)会导致胎儿先天性心脏畸形。预防和减轻这些毒素造成的胚胎心脏毒性至关重要。柑橘类柠檬素诺米林(NOM)是一种提取物,因其在多种疾病中的病理特性而闻名。本研究调查了 NOM 在斑马鱼模型中减轻 ZEA 和 DON 共同暴露引起的心脏毒性的潜在机制。研究结果表明,NOM预处理可减轻ZEA和DON诱导的心脏发育毒性,并使参与心脏发育的关键基因(包括gata4、vmhc、nkx2.5和sox9b)的表达正常化。同时暴露于 NOM、ZEA 和 DON 可增强 SOD 和过氧化氢酶的活性,提高谷胱甘肽水平,减少 ROS 和丙二醛的产生。此外,NOM 还能通过激活 Keap1/Nrf2 信号通路减少心脏氧化损伤。总之,这项研究为预防性干预霉菌毒素暴露引起的先天性心脏病提供了新的见解。
{"title":"Nomilin Reversed Cardiotoxicity Caused by Co-exposure to Zearalenone and Deoxynivalenol via the Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Zebrafish","authors":"Xing Liu, Yuting Peng, Ruobing Chen, Yueyue Zhou, Mingzhu Xia, Xinyi Wu, Meng Yu","doi":"10.1007/s11130-024-01228-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-024-01228-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The contamination of food and feed by mycotoxins, particularly zearalenone (ZEA) and deoxynivalenol (DON), is a global issue. Prenatal exposure to ZEA and DON can result in congenital cardiac malformations in fetuses. Addressing the prevention and mitigation of embryonic cardiotoxicity caused by these toxins is crucial. Citrus limonoid nomilin (NOM) is an extract known for its pathological properties in various diseases. This study investigated the potential mechanism of NOM in mitigating cardiotoxicity caused by ZEA and DON co-exposure in a zebrafish model. The findings indicated that NOM pretreatment alleviated cardiac developmental toxicity induced by ZEA and DON and normalized the expression of key genes involved in heart development, including gata4, vmhc, nkx2.5, and sox9b. Co-exposure to NOM, ZEA, and DON enhanced SOD and catalase activity, increased glutathione levels, and reduced ROS and malondialdehyde production. Furthermore, NOM reduced cardiac oxidative damage by activating the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. In summary, this study offers new insights for preventive interventions against congenital heart disease caused by mycotoxin exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":20092,"journal":{"name":"Plant Foods for Human Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01231-5
Seok Woo Kim, Wona Jee, So-Mi Park, Ye-Rin Park, Hanbit Bae, Yun-Cheol Na, Han-Gyul Lee, Seungwon Kwon, Hyeung-Jin Jang
Acute pneumonia is a respiratory disease characterized by inflammation within the lung tissue, exhibiting higher morbidity rates and mortality rates among immunocompromised children and older adults. Symplocos species have been traditionally used as herbal remedies for conditions like dysentery, skin ulcers, diarrhea, and dyspepsia. Contemporary research has employed various Symplocos species in the study of diverse diseases. However, the exact efficacy and mechanisms of action of Symplocos Prunifolia remain unknown. Therefore, this study investigated the anti-inflammatory mechanism of S. prunifolia extract (SPE) in A549 and RAW264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). SPE significantly reduced nitric oxide (NO) production and the protein expression levels of like inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, it reduced the protein expression levels of iNOS, COX-2 and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated A549 cells. The mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effect of SPE was associated with the inhibition of LPS stimulated the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) and Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation. Moreover, we confirmed that SPE decreased the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/p65 stimulated by LPS. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that SPE alleviates inflammatory responses by deactivating the PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Our findings suggest that SPE is a potential candidate for acute pneumonia prevention.
{"title":"Anti-inflammatory Effect of Symplocos prunifolia Extract in an In Vitro Model of Acute Pneumonia","authors":"Seok Woo Kim, Wona Jee, So-Mi Park, Ye-Rin Park, Hanbit Bae, Yun-Cheol Na, Han-Gyul Lee, Seungwon Kwon, Hyeung-Jin Jang","doi":"10.1007/s11130-024-01231-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-024-01231-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Acute pneumonia is a respiratory disease characterized by inflammation within the lung tissue, exhibiting higher morbidity rates and mortality rates among immunocompromised children and older adults. <i>Symplocos</i> species have been traditionally used as herbal remedies for conditions like dysentery, skin ulcers, diarrhea, and dyspepsia. Contemporary research has employed various <i>Symplocos</i> species in the study of diverse diseases. However, the exact efficacy and mechanisms of action of <i>Symplocos Prunifolia</i> remain unknown. Therefore, this study investigated the anti-inflammatory mechanism of <i>S. prunifolia</i> extract (SPE) in A549 and RAW264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). SPE significantly reduced nitric oxide (NO) production and the protein expression levels of like inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, it reduced the protein expression levels of iNOS, COX-2 and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated A549 cells. The mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effect of SPE was associated with the inhibition of LPS stimulated the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) and Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation. Moreover, we confirmed that SPE decreased the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/p65 stimulated by LPS. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that SPE alleviates inflammatory responses by deactivating the PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Our findings suggest that SPE is a potential candidate for acute pneumonia prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":20092,"journal":{"name":"Plant Foods for Human Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cyanra cardunclus L. var. ferocissima is widely used in Morocco as a food and in traditional medicine. Therefore, this study aimed to determine, for the first time, the phytochemical content and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of this variety. Qualitative tests were used to screen for the phytochemical compounds present in the extract, and spectrophotometric methods were used for quantification. The sugar profiles were determined using HPLC. Antioxidant activity was determined in vitro using DPPH, FRAP, and total antioxidant activity assays, and anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using serum albumin denaturation and membrane stabilization assays. The extract contained a high amount of total polyphenols, hydrocinnamic acids, anthocyanins, chlorophyll, ortho-diphenols, terpenoids, and triterpenoids. In addition, five sugars were identified with high amounts of raffinose and sucrose. The extract exerted considerable antioxidant activity by scavenging radicals and reducing power. It exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting protein denaturation and heat-inducing hemolysis. From the correlation results, anthocyanin, polyphenol, and triterpenoid contents were strongly correlated with DPPH free radical scavenging activity. Orthodiphenols, flavonols, and chlorophyll α were strongly correlated with FRAP, whereas orthodiphenols, hydrocinnamic acids, and triterpenoids were strongly correlated with total antioxidant activity. In terms of anti-inflammatory activity, orthodiphenols, hydrocinnamic acids, and triterpenoids correlated strongly with inhibition of bovine serum albumin denaturation activity, whereas terpenoids, flavonols, and chlorophyll correlated strongly with red cell membrane-stabilizing activity. In conclusion, the Moroccan Cynara cardunclus var. ferocissima leaf methanolic extract constitutes a promising source of phytochemicals with considerable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.
Cyanra cardunclus L. var. ferocissima 在摩洛哥被广泛用作食品和传统药物。因此,本研究旨在首次确定该品种的植物化学成分含量以及抗氧化和抗炎活性。研究采用定性测试筛选提取物中的植物化学成分,并使用分光光度法进行定量。采用高效液相色谱法测定了糖的概况。抗氧化活性采用 DPPH、FRAP 和总抗氧化活性测定法进行体外测定,抗炎活性采用血清白蛋白变性和膜稳定测定法进行评估。提取物中含有大量的总多酚、氢化肉桂酸、花青素、叶绿素、正二酚、萜类和三萜类化合物。此外,还发现了五种糖类,其中棉子糖和蔗糖含量较高。该提取物通过清除自由基和还原力发挥了相当大的抗氧化活性。它通过抑制蛋白质变性和热引起的溶血而发挥抗炎作用。从相关性结果来看,花青素、多酚和三萜含量与 DPPH 自由基清除活性密切相关。正二萜、黄酮醇和叶绿素α与 FRAP 密切相关,而正二萜、氢化肉桂酸和三萜类化合物与总抗氧化活性密切相关。在抗炎活性方面,正二萜、氢化肉桂酸和三萜类化合物与抑制牛血清白蛋白变性活性密切相关,而萜类化合物、黄酮醇和叶绿素与红细胞膜稳定活性密切相关。总之,摩洛哥 Cynara cardunclus 变种 ferocissima 叶甲醇提取物是一种很有前景的植物化学物质来源,具有相当强的抗氧化和抗炎活性。
{"title":"Phytochemical content, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of Morrocan Cynara cardunculus L. var. ferocissima leaf methanolic extract","authors":"Habiba Nechchadi, Fatima Ezzahra Kacimi, Armando McDonald, Samira Boulbaroud, Hicham Berrougui, Mhamed Ramchoun","doi":"10.1007/s11130-024-01234-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-024-01234-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Cyanra cardunclus</i> L. var. <i>ferocissima</i> is widely used in Morocco as a food and in traditional medicine. Therefore, this study aimed to determine, for the first time, the phytochemical content and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of this variety. Qualitative tests were used to screen for the phytochemical compounds present in the extract, and spectrophotometric methods were used for quantification. The sugar profiles were determined using HPLC. Antioxidant activity was determined in vitro using DPPH, FRAP, and total antioxidant activity assays, and anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using serum albumin denaturation and membrane stabilization assays. The extract contained a high amount of total polyphenols, hydrocinnamic acids, anthocyanins, chlorophyll, ortho-diphenols, terpenoids, and triterpenoids. In addition, five sugars were identified with high amounts of raffinose and sucrose. The extract exerted considerable antioxidant activity by scavenging radicals and reducing power. It exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting protein denaturation and heat-inducing hemolysis. From the correlation results, anthocyanin, polyphenol, and triterpenoid contents were strongly correlated with DPPH free radical scavenging activity. Orthodiphenols, flavonols, and chlorophyll α were strongly correlated with FRAP, whereas orthodiphenols, hydrocinnamic acids, and triterpenoids were strongly correlated with total antioxidant activity. In terms of anti-inflammatory activity, orthodiphenols, hydrocinnamic acids, and triterpenoids correlated strongly with inhibition of bovine serum albumin denaturation activity, whereas terpenoids, flavonols, and chlorophyll correlated strongly with red cell membrane-stabilizing activity. In conclusion, the Moroccan <i>Cynara cardunclus var. ferocissima</i> leaf methanolic extract constitutes a promising source of phytochemicals with considerable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20092,"journal":{"name":"Plant Foods for Human Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-09DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01233-3
Grethel Teresa Choque-Delgado, Ana Rosmery Condo-Mamani, Maribel Gabriela Quispe-Sucso, Bruce R. Hamaker
Legumes are edible seeds that have high nutritional and functional value. Their cultivation and consumption turn out to be an alternative to hunger and guarantee food security in vulnerable populations. This manuscript explores the nutritional and functional properties and potential uses of native Andean legumes such as Pajuro, Tarhui, Common bean, and Lima beans. They contain macro and micronutrients and bioactive compounds with antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and antihypertensive that benefit consumer health. These compounds are particular proteins, peptides, polyphenols, alkaloids, vitamins, minerals, and among others. Moreover, Andean legumes have shown industrial potential due to their technological properties that could be useful in adding value to other food products. These properties are due to their content of starch, oil, fiber, and protein that could facilitate their processing and obtain products with adequate sensory characteristics. Andean legumes have good nutritional and functional value and have the potential to be included in daily diets. Given the accumulated evidence, we believe that the consumption of Andean legumes in nature and processed should be strongly encouraged.
豆科植物是可食用的种子,具有很高的营养和功能价值。种植和食用豆科植物可以替代饥饿,保障弱势人群的粮食安全。本手稿探讨了安第斯原生豆类(如 Pajuro、Tarhui、Common bean 和 Lima beans)的营养和功能特性及潜在用途。它们含有宏观和微观营养素以及生物活性化合物,具有抗氧化、抗菌、抗糖尿病和抗高血压等功效,有益于消费者的健康。这些化合物包括蛋白质、肽、多酚、生物碱、维生素、矿物质等。此外,安第斯豆类因其技术特性而显示出工业潜力,可为其他食品增值。这些特性是由于它们含有淀粉、油脂、纤维和蛋白质,可以促进加工并获得具有适当感官特征的产品。安第斯豆类具有良好的营养和功能价值,有可能被纳入日常饮食。鉴于已积累的证据,我们认为应大力鼓励食用安第斯豆类的天然产品和加工产品。
{"title":"Nutritional and Functional Value of Andean Native Legumes and Their Potential Industrial Application","authors":"Grethel Teresa Choque-Delgado, Ana Rosmery Condo-Mamani, Maribel Gabriela Quispe-Sucso, Bruce R. Hamaker","doi":"10.1007/s11130-024-01233-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-024-01233-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Legumes are edible seeds that have high nutritional and functional value. Their cultivation and consumption turn out to be an alternative to hunger and guarantee food security in vulnerable populations. This manuscript explores the nutritional and functional properties and potential uses of native Andean legumes such as <i>Pajuro</i>, <i>Tarhui</i>, Common bean, and Lima beans. They contain macro and micronutrients and bioactive compounds with antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and antihypertensive that benefit consumer health. These compounds are particular proteins, peptides, polyphenols, alkaloids, vitamins, minerals, and among others. Moreover, Andean legumes have shown industrial potential due to their technological properties that could be useful in adding value to other food products. These properties are due to their content of starch, oil, fiber, and protein that could facilitate their processing and obtain products with adequate sensory characteristics. Andean legumes have good nutritional and functional value and have the potential to be included in daily diets. Given the accumulated evidence, we believe that the consumption of Andean legumes in nature and processed should be strongly encouraged.</p>","PeriodicalId":20092,"journal":{"name":"Plant Foods for Human Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-07DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01221-7
Marry Albright Johnson, Mahesh Kumar, Sveta Thakur
Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) is a gluten-free underutilized pseudocereal with excellent therapeutic and nutraceutical potential. Sprouts and microgreens produced from this plant species can be consumed regularly owing to a rich nutritional profile that can be improved by regulating the abiotic factors during their growth. Therefore, this study explores the responses of common buckwheat sprouts and microgreens in terms of growth and phytochemicals accumulation under temperature (16, and 25 ºC) and photoperiodic (16/8 h and 20/4 h, light/dark intervals) variations. Some analyses were also performed at 4 and 8 ºC. The findings highlight the beneficial effects of mild stress induced by extended photoperiod and moderate temperature like enhanced yield and phytochemical content. Extending the photoperiodic duration from 16/8 h to 20/4 h significantly triggered the biosynthesis of pigments such as carotenoids and chlorophyll in 12-day-old microgreen leaves. Likewise, a moderate temperature i.e., 16 ºC was proved more effective in inducing the accumulation of secondary metabolites including phenolics and flavonoids. However, extreme cold conditions hindered the sprouting and growth rate underscoring common buckwheat sensitivity to low temperature. These findings are crucial for refining the production strategies, ensuring the nutritional values, and optimizing the potential of common buckwheat sprouts and microgreens as "superfoods".
{"title":"Effect of Variation in Temperature and Light Duration on Morpho-physiology and Phytochemical Content in Sprouts and Microgreens of Common Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench).","authors":"Marry Albright Johnson, Mahesh Kumar, Sveta Thakur","doi":"10.1007/s11130-024-01221-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-024-01221-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) is a gluten-free underutilized pseudocereal with excellent therapeutic and nutraceutical potential. Sprouts and microgreens produced from this plant species can be consumed regularly owing to a rich nutritional profile that can be improved by regulating the abiotic factors during their growth. Therefore, this study explores the responses of common buckwheat sprouts and microgreens in terms of growth and phytochemicals accumulation under temperature (16, and 25 ºC) and photoperiodic (16/8 h and 20/4 h, light/dark intervals) variations. Some analyses were also performed at 4 and 8 ºC. The findings highlight the beneficial effects of mild stress induced by extended photoperiod and moderate temperature like enhanced yield and phytochemical content. Extending the photoperiodic duration from 16/8 h to 20/4 h significantly triggered the biosynthesis of pigments such as carotenoids and chlorophyll in 12-day-old microgreen leaves. Likewise, a moderate temperature i.e., 16 ºC was proved more effective in inducing the accumulation of secondary metabolites including phenolics and flavonoids. However, extreme cold conditions hindered the sprouting and growth rate underscoring common buckwheat sensitivity to low temperature. These findings are crucial for refining the production strategies, ensuring the nutritional values, and optimizing the potential of common buckwheat sprouts and microgreens as \"superfoods\".</p>","PeriodicalId":20092,"journal":{"name":"Plant Foods for Human Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The use of new types of raw materials to improve the quality and nutritional value of products is an important trend in flour confectionery. Flour from extruded sunflower seed kernels (FESSK), the by-product of oil production, was used as a new ingredient in muffin formulation. Analysis of physicochemical and nutritional properties of muffins prepared with FESSK, which was added in the amounts of 5, 10, and 15% to the total weight of mixture of wheat and rye flours, as well as their sensory evaluation, were performed. According to the sensory evaluation, the muffins with FESSK had a pleasant, nutty and sunflower aroma, and the best results were shown by muffins with 10% of FESSK. Addition of FESSK, 10%, led to an increase of the content of protein by 24.7%, fat by 16.9%, fiber by 23.3%, ash by 16.9%, and a decrease of content of total carbohydrates by 5.2% and sugars by 16.2%. Enriched muffins had improved texture characteristics, particularly, smooth, crack-free surface, soft, and elastic crumb with well-developed porosity and small, evenly distributed, thin-walled pores. The FESSK could be recommended as an ingredient for improving the nutritional and technological properties of flour confectionery products.
{"title":"Effect of Partial Replacement of Wheat Flour by Flour from Extruded Sunflower Seed Kernels on Muffins Quality.","authors":"Iryna Tsykhanovska, Olena Stabnikova, Mykola Riabchykov, Tetiana Lazarieva, Natalia Korolyova","doi":"10.1007/s11130-024-01232-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-024-01232-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of new types of raw materials to improve the quality and nutritional value of products is an important trend in flour confectionery. Flour from extruded sunflower seed kernels (FESSK), the by-product of oil production, was used as a new ingredient in muffin formulation. Analysis of physicochemical and nutritional properties of muffins prepared with FESSK, which was added in the amounts of 5, 10, and 15% to the total weight of mixture of wheat and rye flours, as well as their sensory evaluation, were performed. According to the sensory evaluation, the muffins with FESSK had a pleasant, nutty and sunflower aroma, and the best results were shown by muffins with 10% of FESSK. Addition of FESSK, 10%, led to an increase of the content of protein by 24.7%, fat by 16.9%, fiber by 23.3%, ash by 16.9%, and a decrease of content of total carbohydrates by 5.2% and sugars by 16.2%. Enriched muffins had improved texture characteristics, particularly, smooth, crack-free surface, soft, and elastic crumb with well-developed porosity and small, evenly distributed, thin-walled pores. The FESSK could be recommended as an ingredient for improving the nutritional and technological properties of flour confectionery products.</p>","PeriodicalId":20092,"journal":{"name":"Plant Foods for Human Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142110839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-30DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01230-6
Ibtesam Sleem, Dmitriy Smolensky, Vermont Dia
Sorghum is considered a promising food security crop and remarkable rich source of bioactive components including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and tannins. Sorghum phenolics exhibited numerous protective effects against multiple chronic diseases. However, there is no review of the effects of sorghum phenolics on gastrointestinal (GI) health. Specifically, recent studies have highly suggested that sorghum phenolics can maintain gastrointestinal homeostasis and enhance microbial diversity and richness. Furthermore, sorghum phenolics showed GI anticancer effects in both in vitro and in vivo studies against colorectal and esophageal cancers. Treatment of GI related human cancer cell lines stimulated apoptosis and suppressed proliferation. Sorghum intake and extracts treatments reduced intestinal oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators in human and in vivo studies. In addition, understanding the role and mechanisms underlying gastrointestinal health benefits of sorghum phenolics is crucial to determine treatment strategies of different GI diseases.
{"title":"Gastrointestinal Health Benefits of Sorghum Phenolics.","authors":"Ibtesam Sleem, Dmitriy Smolensky, Vermont Dia","doi":"10.1007/s11130-024-01230-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-024-01230-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sorghum is considered a promising food security crop and remarkable rich source of bioactive components including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and tannins. Sorghum phenolics exhibited numerous protective effects against multiple chronic diseases. However, there is no review of the effects of sorghum phenolics on gastrointestinal (GI) health. Specifically, recent studies have highly suggested that sorghum phenolics can maintain gastrointestinal homeostasis and enhance microbial diversity and richness. Furthermore, sorghum phenolics showed GI anticancer effects in both in vitro and in vivo studies against colorectal and esophageal cancers. Treatment of GI related human cancer cell lines stimulated apoptosis and suppressed proliferation. Sorghum intake and extracts treatments reduced intestinal oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators in human and in vivo studies. In addition, understanding the role and mechanisms underlying gastrointestinal health benefits of sorghum phenolics is crucial to determine treatment strategies of different GI diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":20092,"journal":{"name":"Plant Foods for Human Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142110840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Green tea possesses a range of beneficial effects, including anti-obesity, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, owing to its biologically active components, primarily catechins such as epicatechin (EC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), epigallocatechin (EGC), and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). However, few studies have investigated the four catechin monomers simultaneously, and the molecular mechanisms of their anti-obesity effects have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effects of four catechin monomers on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes of mice. Our findings demonstrated that four catechin monomers EC/ECG/EGC/EGCG (12, 25, 50 µM) dose-dependently inhibited the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and reduced triglyceride content. EGCG exhibited the most potent inhibitory effect with an optimal concentration of 50 µM. In addition, transcriptome sequencing and lipidomic analysis of EGCG-treated 3T3-L1 preadipocytes revealed that Ptgs2 and Pim1 were the most differentially expressed genes involved in regulating adipocyte differentiation. The results suggested that EGCG up-regulated the expression of the Pla2g2e gene and down-regulated the expression of the Pla2g4a and Pla2g2a genes via the glycerophospholipid metabolic pathway, which subsequently elevated lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) levels, influencing the differentiation process of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.
{"title":"Inhibitory Effect and Mechanism of Epigallocatechin Gallate on the Differentiation of 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes.","authors":"Ranran He, Yu Shi, Xiaoshuang Lu, Yufei Zhou, Zhonghua Liu, Sheng Zhang, Ailing Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11130-024-01229-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-024-01229-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Green tea possesses a range of beneficial effects, including anti-obesity, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, owing to its biologically active components, primarily catechins such as epicatechin (EC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), epigallocatechin (EGC), and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). However, few studies have investigated the four catechin monomers simultaneously, and the molecular mechanisms of their anti-obesity effects have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effects of four catechin monomers on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes of mice. Our findings demonstrated that four catechin monomers EC/ECG/EGC/EGCG (12, 25, 50 µM) dose-dependently inhibited the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and reduced triglyceride content. EGCG exhibited the most potent inhibitory effect with an optimal concentration of 50 µM. In addition, transcriptome sequencing and lipidomic analysis of EGCG-treated 3T3-L1 preadipocytes revealed that Ptgs2 and Pim1 were the most differentially expressed genes involved in regulating adipocyte differentiation. The results suggested that EGCG up-regulated the expression of the Pla2g2e gene and down-regulated the expression of the Pla2g4a and Pla2g2a genes via the glycerophospholipid metabolic pathway, which subsequently elevated lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) levels, influencing the differentiation process of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20092,"journal":{"name":"Plant Foods for Human Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142056370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-24DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01223-5
Shuang Gu, Qiaojia Ling, Guifeng Bao, Lin Xie, Yongqing Shi, Xiangyang Wang
Hypertension is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease and causes widespread morbidity and mortality worldwide. The aim of this work was to screen the fruit with high angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity and kallikrein (KLK) promotion activity by three different extraction methods from 22 kinds of fruits. Results showed that the aqueous extracts of fresh kiwifruit significantly inhibited ACE activity (47.71%), whereas the KLK activity was also inhibited (4.56%). This indicated that the substances inhibiting ACE activity existed in kiwifruit might be small molecular substances such as polyphenols. The nonpolar substance existed in the ethanol extracts of grape inhibited ACE activity significantly. The enzymatic hydrolysates of red grape significantly promoted KLK activity, whereas its ethanol extracts significantly inhibited KLK activity. This results suggested that the components that lower blood pressure and raise blood pressure are generally presented in the same fruit, the former are mostly water-soluble substances, while the latter are generally alcohol-soluble substances. If certain or individual components can be isolated from edible fruits, they may significantly affect blood pressure in humans.
{"title":"Effect of Various Fruit Extracts on Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme (ACE) and Kallikrein (KLK) Activities.","authors":"Shuang Gu, Qiaojia Ling, Guifeng Bao, Lin Xie, Yongqing Shi, Xiangyang Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11130-024-01223-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-024-01223-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertension is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease and causes widespread morbidity and mortality worldwide. The aim of this work was to screen the fruit with high angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity and kallikrein (KLK) promotion activity by three different extraction methods from 22 kinds of fruits. Results showed that the aqueous extracts of fresh kiwifruit significantly inhibited ACE activity (47.71%), whereas the KLK activity was also inhibited (4.56%). This indicated that the substances inhibiting ACE activity existed in kiwifruit might be small molecular substances such as polyphenols. The nonpolar substance existed in the ethanol extracts of grape inhibited ACE activity significantly. The enzymatic hydrolysates of red grape significantly promoted KLK activity, whereas its ethanol extracts significantly inhibited KLK activity. This results suggested that the components that lower blood pressure and raise blood pressure are generally presented in the same fruit, the former are mostly water-soluble substances, while the latter are generally alcohol-soluble substances. If certain or individual components can be isolated from edible fruits, they may significantly affect blood pressure in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":20092,"journal":{"name":"Plant Foods for Human Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142047032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-19DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01226-2
Beena Levakumar Abhirami, Anithakumari Aswathy Krishna, Manuvelil Babu Bashi, Babu Sangeetha Abhijith, Amal Wilson Varghese, Alaganandam Kumaran
{"title":"Isolation of Potent 5α-Reductase Inhibitors and Antioxidants from Sphaeranthus indicus Linn. for the Management of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.","authors":"Beena Levakumar Abhirami, Anithakumari Aswathy Krishna, Manuvelil Babu Bashi, Babu Sangeetha Abhijith, Amal Wilson Varghese, Alaganandam Kumaran","doi":"10.1007/s11130-024-01226-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-024-01226-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20092,"journal":{"name":"Plant Foods for Human Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142000582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}