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An efficient stereo matching method based on non-local spatial tree filter 一种基于非局部空间树滤波的高效立体匹配方法
He Zhong, Yahu Zhu, Deqi Ming
Binocular stereo vision is a vital research topic in computer vision and has been widely used in robot navigation, 3d reconstruction and other fields. Stereo matching is the most critical part of binocular stereo vision. In view of the low computational efficiency of local stereo matching methods, non-local methods based on tree structure have attracted much attention of researchers in recent years. In this paper, we propose a new efficient non-local spatial tree filter (NSTF) to aggregate the matching cost. Firstly, in addition to spatial affinity, the internal color similarity is taken as the similarity measure between adjacent pixels. Then, the propagation of cost is carried out recursively in the form of ternary tree. The whole filtering process can be divided into eight different directions. Quantitative experiments on Middlebury benchmark show that NSTF can effectively improve the accuracy of the algorithm, and has better edge-preserving ability than other tree-based non-local methods, especially in weak texture and high texture regions.
双目立体视觉是计算机视觉中的一个重要研究课题,已广泛应用于机器人导航、三维重建等领域。立体匹配是双目立体视觉中最关键的部分。针对局部立体匹配方法计算效率低的问题,近年来基于树形结构的非局部立体匹配方法受到了研究人员的广泛关注。本文提出了一种新的高效的非局部空间树滤波器(NSTF)来聚合匹配代价。首先,在空间亲和度的基础上,采用内部颜色相似度作为相邻像素间的相似度度量。然后,以三叉树的形式递归地进行代价的传播。整个过滤过程可以分为八个不同的方向。在Middlebury基准上的定量实验表明,NSTF可以有效地提高算法的精度,并且比其他基于树的非局部方法具有更好的边缘保持能力,特别是在弱纹理和高纹理区域。
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引用次数: 0
The horizontal distribution trend and changing rules of Hg content: In the application of the data fusion 汞含量水平分布趋势及变化规律——在数据融合中的应用
Dongfang Yang, Junchao Wei
According to the survey data about the waters of the Jiaozhou Bay from 1986 to 1990, through the changing trend of spatial sedimentation of Hg and the mechanism of the spatial sedimentation based on variation range of Hg content in both surface and bottom waters and the horizontal distribution trend of Hg content in both surface and bottom waters were adequately demonstrated. Therefore, With our research on the trends of both the surface and bottom horizontal distribution from 1986 to 1990, we found that from the start point, a position where the source of Hg was close to the surface horizontal distribution, to the end point, a position where the source of Hg was far from the surface horizontal distribution, the content of Hg decreased in gradient order. While the trend of the horizontal distribution in bottom waters, from the beginning to the end, had two changes: (1) gradient descent and (2) gradient rise. With all these efforts, the author proposed Dongfang Yang rules of the changes of Hg content in surface waters: no matter where it came from and how much it was, as long as the place stayed away from the source of Hg, the Hg content there in surface waters continued decreasing and to be deposited. When there was only one channel, the Hg content in surface waters conformed to the Dongfang Yang rules of the changes of Hg content in surface waters. When there were two ways of Hg transportation or more, regarding the major source as the start point, the Dongfang Yang rules of the changes of Hg content in surface waters could work here. At that time, the Hg content in the bottom waters didn't accumulated. Thereby, from the start point to the end point of the horizontal distribution of Hg, the Hg content experienced a gradient decease, showing the consistency of the trends of horizontal distribution of in both surface and bottom waters. As the Hg in the surface waters further decreased and was deposited, the Hg in the bottom waters began accumulating in a large amount. Thereby, from the start point to the end point of horizontal distribution of Hg in the bottom waters, the trend of the horizontal distribution of Hg content increased in gradient order, indicating that the trend of the horizontal distribution in the surface waters was opposite against that in the bottom waters.
根据1986 - 1990年胶州湾水域的调查资料,通过研究胶州湾水域汞的空间沉降变化趋势,充分论证了基于地底水汞含量变化范围的空间沉降机理和地底水汞含量的水平分布趋势。因此,通过对1986 - 1990年地表和底部水平分布趋势的研究,我们发现,从起点汞源接近地表水平分布的位置,到终点汞源远离地表水平分布的位置,汞含量呈梯度递减的趋势。而底部水域水平分布的趋势,从始至终有两种变化:(1)梯度下降和(2)梯度上升。通过这些努力,作者提出了地表水中汞含量变化的东方杨规律:无论来自哪里,有多少,只要远离汞源,地表水中汞含量就会不断减少并沉积。当只有一个通道时,地表水汞含量符合地表水汞含量变化的东方阳规律。当汞有两种或两种以上运输方式时,以主要来源为起点,地表水汞含量变化的东方阳规律适用于此。此时,海底的汞含量并没有积累。由此可见,从汞水平分布的起点到终点,汞含量呈梯度递减,地表和底层水水平分布趋势一致。随着地表水中汞的进一步减少和沉积,底层水中汞开始大量积累。由此可见,从底层水体Hg水平分布的起点到终点,Hg含量水平分布的趋势呈梯度递增的趋势,说明地表水与底层水体的水平分布趋势相反。
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引用次数: 0
Instance Segmentation of Golden crucian carp based on Cascade Mask RCNN 基于级联掩模RCNN的鲫鱼实例分割
Zheyu Zhang, QinLi Liu, Jiao Li, Xinyao Gong, Dongli Liu
Precision fishing and real-time monitoring are growing trends toward "intelligent" fishery. However, the fishery is still in a relatively backward artificial aquaculture due to the complex underwater environment and the intricate movement posture of fish. To realize the precision aquaculture of fishery, this paper took golden crucian carp for example selecting 10 golden crucian carp as experimental objects and formed 640 golden crucian carp instance segmentation data set through labelme manual labelling method. This paper proposes a method to solve fish segmentation and distinguish individuals. The solution optimises the cascade mask RCNN model, so that the model could effectively perform case segmentation of gold crucian carp. By comparing the predictive models and multiple case segmentation models, the former performs better. Among them, the mAP of Bbox of Cascade Mask RCNN reached 0.916, and the mAP of segmentation also reached 0.917, which can effectively complete the task of individual differentiation and body size estimation for Gold crucian carp. This study provides a data set and reference for body size estimation in fish farming.
精准捕捞和实时监控是“智能”渔业的发展趋势。然而,由于水下环境复杂,鱼类运动姿态复杂,渔业仍处于相对落后的人工养殖阶段。为实现渔业的精准养殖,本文以金鲫鱼为例,选取10条金鲫鱼作为实验对象,通过labelme人工标记法形成640条金鲫鱼实例分割数据集。本文提出了一种解决鱼类分割和个体区分的方法。该方案对层叠掩模RCNN模型进行了优化,使该模型能够有效地对金鲫鱼进行个案分割。通过对比预测模型和多案例分割模型,前者的效果更好。其中,Cascade Mask RCNN的Bbox mAP达到了0.916,分割的mAP也达到了0.917,可以有效地完成金鲫鱼的个体分化和体型估计任务。本研究为鱼类养殖中体型估算提供了数据集和参考。
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引用次数: 0
An Attitude Adjustment Device for the Neutron Monochromator 一种中子单色仪姿态调整装置
Kangkang An, G. Ma, Bin Liu
An attitude adjustment device for placing the neutron monochromator which is the important component of the stress spectrometer is designed. It has the characteristics of large mechanical transmission ratio, diversified transmission modes and large load. Using the open-loop control system to drive the stepper motor has the problems of step loss and large mechanical transmission gap, and the positional positioning accuracy is difficult to guarantee; due to the influence of the mechanical transmission gap, friction and load inertia ,using the closed-loop control system based on the PI control method will cause nonlinear natural vibration of the system; a composite closed-loop control method based on stepper motor is proposed, which improves the stability of the system, overcomes the mechanical transmission error, and improves the positioning accuracy.
设计了一种用于放置应力谱仪重要部件中子单色仪的姿态调整装置。具有机械传动比大、传动方式多样、负载大的特点。采用开环控制系统驱动步进电机存在步进损耗和机械传动间隙大的问题,位置定位精度难以保证;由于机械传动间隙、摩擦和负载惯性的影响,采用基于PI控制方法的闭环控制系统会引起系统的非线性自振;提出了一种基于步进电机的复合闭环控制方法,提高了系统的稳定性,克服了机械传动误差,提高了定位精度。
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引用次数: 0
Design and simulation of a lower limb exoskeleton rehabilitation robot 下肢外骨骼康复机器人的设计与仿真
Wenkai Qiao, Yapeng Tong, Zilu Zhang
In order to help patients with lower extremity rehabilitation training, this project aims to design a lower extremity-assisted and adjustable exoskeleton robot. First, the degree of freedom of each joint of the exoskeleton was determined according to the characteristics of human anatomy and bone connection. and the structural design of the normal size of the mechanism was determined by the average size of the bones. Secondly, the angle equation determined by the leg joint coordinates is established, and the angle parameters of different time periods in a gait cycle are obtained by observing the changes of the joint coordinates. The coordinate system of each joint is established by the DH parameter method. It provides a theoretical basis for animation simulation, structural design, kinematics analysis and control. Finally, the kinematics analysis and simulation are carried out in MATLAB; the overall structure and simulation animation of the robot are established by SOLIDWORKS. The PID method is used to construct the power-assisted control frame diagram of the robot. The results showed that the exoskeleton robot responds well to various kinematics and other properties of the lower limbs.
为了帮助患者进行下肢康复训练,本项目旨在设计一种辅助下肢的可调节外骨骼机器人。首先,根据人体解剖和骨连接的特点,确定外骨骼各关节的自由度。而机构的正常尺寸的结构设计是由骨骼的平均尺寸决定的。其次,建立由腿部关节坐标确定的角度方程,通过观察关节坐标的变化,得到一个步态周期内不同时间段的角度参数;采用DH参数法建立各关节的坐标系。为机器人的动画仿真、结构设计、运动学分析和控制提供理论依据。最后,在MATLAB中进行运动学分析和仿真;利用SOLIDWORKS软件建立机器人的整体结构和仿真动画。采用PID方法构建了机器人的动力辅助控制框图。结果表明,该外骨骼机器人对下肢的各种运动学和其他特性响应良好。
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引用次数: 0
Quantitative atmospheric phase jitter simulating research of optic field imaging 光学场成像大气相位抖动定量模拟研究
Zhiyuan Cheng, Zhiguo Li, Zhou Ji, Peipei Yan, Ai-li Xia
The laser field imaging telescope emits laser coherent field to detect space targets. When laser passes through the atmospheric transmission path, the laser is inevitably affected by the phase jitter of atmosphere. Atmospheric phase jitter varies randomly and it is difficult to be quantitatively simulated. In order to quantitatively research the influence of atmospheric phase jitter on imaging quality, a quantitative simulation method of atmospheric phase jitter based on the change of beam frequency difference was proposed. A set of atmospheric turbulence phase jitter quantitative numerical simulation experimental platform was constructed. The effect of different phase jitter on the imaging quality of laser field imaging was quantitatively studied. The results show that the larger the atmospheric phase jitter is, the more degraded the image quality is. We suggest that the atmospheric phase jitter should be suppressed in the signal reconstruction. The quantitative simulation method of atmospheric phase jitter provides an effective technique for studying the image quality of light field imaging.
激光场成像望远镜发射激光相干场来探测空间目标。激光通过大气传输路径时,不可避免地会受到大气相位抖动的影响。大气相位抖动是随机变化的,难以定量模拟。为了定量研究大气相位抖动对成像质量的影响,提出了一种基于波束频差变化的大气相位抖动定量模拟方法。搭建了一套大气湍流相位抖动定量数值模拟实验平台。定量研究了不同相位抖动对激光场成像质量的影响。结果表明,大气相位抖动越大,图像质量越差。我们建议在信号重建中应抑制大气相位抖动。大气相位抖动的定量模拟方法为研究光场成像的成像质量提供了一种有效的技术手段。
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引用次数: 0
Research on Robot Obstacle Avoidance Method Based on Digital Twin 基于数字孪生的机器人避障方法研究
Lei Wang, Yongfei Xiao
This paper studies a collaborative robot obstacle avoidance method based on digital twin technology, by establishing a digital twin of the robot, collecting and transmitting the twin data, so that the virtual model and the robot entity can map each other to realize the virtual reality and real-time monitoring of the robot operation state. A robot obstacle avoidance path planning method based on the improved artificial potential field method is proposed. Find the closest point of each linkage of the robot to the obstacle and add the reverse control force based on the potential field function to achieve obstacle avoidance of the robot. The simulation debugging is carried out on the Unity 3D software platform, and the results show that the robot can achieve collision-free motion in the process of reaching the target point, which verifies the feasibility of the method.
本文研究了一种基于数字孪生技术的协作机器人避障方法,通过建立机器人的数字孪生,采集和传输孪生数据,使虚拟模型与机器人实体相互映射,实现对机器人运行状态的虚拟现实和实时监控。提出了一种基于改进人工势场法的机器人避障路径规划方法。找出机器人各连杆离障碍物最近的点,并根据势场函数加入反向控制力,实现机器人避障。在Unity 3D软件平台上进行了仿真调试,结果表明机器人在到达目标点的过程中可以实现无碰撞运动,验证了该方法的可行性。
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引用次数: 0
Research on position and attitude control method of planar motion of 5-DOF hybrid robot 五自由度混合动力机器人平面运动位置姿态控制方法研究
Taiyu Wu, Jin Gu, Yawei Zhang, Bin Zhang
In the agriculture industry, scholars are increasingly paying attention to the advantages of hybrid robots and applying them in agricultural production. Agricultural products such as tree trunks or fruit stems is formed by growth. When the hybrid robot is working, It is easier to obtain the ideal end pose of the hybrid robot by describing the pose relationship of the robot end relative to the work object than the robot end relative to the world coordinate system. In order to realize the continuous motion control of the hybrid robot with a specified relative attitude relative to a certain plane in space, a method to realized planar motion based on 2SPU+U+RRR type five-degree-of-freedom hybrid robot position and attitude control is proposed. First, the trajectory of the task is discretized, according to the required posture, and the position and attitude matrix of each position on the trajectory is derived. Then through the inverse solution of the kinematic model, the five-degree-of-freedom hybrid robot is completely decoupled. The pose of the robot end is calculated to realize the plane motion control of the robot with a specified pose in Cartesian space according to the kinematic model of the hybrid robot based on the mechanism equivalent principle. Finally, the pose control method of the robot is tested. The experimental results show that the control method can realize the accurate planar motion control of the specified pose in Cartesian space during the repeated planar motion of the 2SPU+U+RRR type 5-DOF hybrid robot. This paper provides a five-degree-of-freedom hybrid robot theoretical model for the position and attitude synchronous motion control of arbitrary plane in Cartesian space.
在农业领域,学者们越来越关注混合动力机器人的优势,并将其应用于农业生产。农业产品,如树干或果实茎是由生长形成的。在混合机器人工作时,通过描述机器人末端相对于工作对象的位姿关系,比机器人末端相对于世界坐标系的位姿关系更容易得到混合机器人的理想末端位姿。为了实现混合动力机器人相对于空间某一平面具有特定相对姿态的连续运动控制,提出了一种基于2SPU+U+RRR型五自由度混合动力机器人位置姿态控制的平面运动实现方法。首先,根据任务所需姿态对任务轨迹进行离散化,并推导出任务轨迹上各位置的位置和姿态矩阵;然后通过运动学模型的逆解,实现五自由度混合动力机器人的完全解耦。根据基于机构等效原理的混合动力机器人运动学模型,计算机器人末端位姿,实现机器人在笛卡尔空间中具有指定位姿的平面运动控制。最后,对机器人的位姿控制方法进行了测试。实验结果表明,该控制方法可以实现2SPU+U+RRR型五自由度混合动力机器人在重复平面运动过程中,在笛卡尔空间中指定位姿的精确平面运动控制。提出了一种五自由度混合机器人在直角空间中任意平面位置和姿态同步运动控制的理论模型。
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引用次数: 0
The Application and Expectation of Optical Fiber Communication Used on Civil Aircraft 光纤通信在民用飞机上的应用与展望
Pei-yu Wei
Compared with traditional electrical communication, optical fiber communication has many advantages in signal transmission. It has the characteristics of wide transmission frequency bandwidth, low loss and strong anti-interference ability. Optical fiber communication technology has a wide application prospect in civil aircraft. This paper introduces the application of optical fiber communication technology in civil aircraft. At present, optical fiber communication is mainly used in civil aircraft weather radar, Enhanced Flight Vision system, inertial navigation system, integrated modular avionics system and so on. This paper also looks forward to the large-scale use of optical fiber communication technology in civil aircraft in the future. It can greatly improve the aircraft communication efficiency, reduce the weight of the aircraft and improve the available space of the aircraft.
与传统的电气通信相比,光纤通信在信号传输方面具有许多优点。它具有传输频率带宽宽、损耗低、抗干扰能力强等特点。光纤通信技术在民用飞机上有着广阔的应用前景。介绍了光纤通信技术在民用飞机上的应用。目前,光纤通信主要应用于民用飞机气象雷达、增强型飞行视觉系统、惯性导航系统、综合模块化航电系统等。展望了未来光纤通信技术在民用飞机上的大规模应用。它可以大大提高飞机的通信效率,减轻飞机的重量,提高飞机的可用空间。
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引用次数: 0
Teeth attention mechanism image classification based on lightweight network 基于轻量级网络的牙齿注意力机制图像分类
Zejun Zhang, Yulong He, Huabin He, Zhiming Cai
In order to solve the problem that embedding attention mechanism module into lightweight convolutional neural network will increase the number of parameters and FLOPs with less accuracy improvement, a Teeth Attention Module (TAM) based on lightweight network was proposed. The feature map is enhanced from two aspects of channel attention and spatial attention. In the channel attention module, local channel interaction is carried out from height and width without dimensionality reduction through one-dimensional convolution, and it is divided into MP-ECAM and AP-ECAM according to pooling mode. In the spatial attention module, the average value and maximum value of each pixel point in the feature map are calculated according to the dimensions to construct ESAM. Finally, TAM is constructed in a channel-space-channel manner. TAM was embedded into the lightweight networks MobileNetV2, ShuffleNetV2 and EfficientNetV1 respectively, and the experiment was carried out on CIFAR-10 image classification datasets. Compared with Squeeze and Excitation Module (SE), Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) and Efficient Channel Attention Module (ECA), this module can achieve higher accuracy with less increase of the number of parameters and FLOPs.
为了解决将注意机制模块嵌入到轻量级卷积神经网络中会增加参数数量和FLOPs而精度提高不高的问题,提出了一种基于轻量级网络的齿形注意模块(TAM)。从通道注意和空间注意两个方面对特征映射进行增强。在通道关注模块中,从高度和宽度进行局部通道交互,不通过一维卷积降维,根据池化方式分为MP-ECAM和AP-ECAM。在空间关注模块中,根据维度计算特征图中每个像素点的平均值和最大值,构建ESAM。最后,TAM以信道-空间-信道的方式构造。TAM分别嵌入到轻量级网络MobileNetV2、ShuffleNetV2和EfficientNetV1中,在CIFAR-10图像分类数据集上进行实验。与挤激模块(SE)、卷积块注意模块(CBAM)和高效通道注意模块(ECA)相比,该模块在参数数量和FLOPs增加较少的情况下可以达到更高的精度。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Proceedings of the 2022 2nd International Conference on Control and Intelligent Robotics
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