Pub Date : 2023-03-20DOI: 10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-07
V. Zhykharieva
Abstract. Introduction. The yield to maturity of government bonds changes over time and depends on a number of external and internal factors. In recent years, the gap between the yield to maturity of bonds of developed countries and countries with relatively low credit ratings has been increasing. Inflation and the level of central banks key rates are important factors that cause fluctuations in the yield of government securities. The yield of government bonds is affected by the terms to maturity. Taking into account the ratio of yield and risk, the longer the maturity of government bonds, the higher the yield should be. But in practice, this dependence can be different, especially in periods of financial crises. All of the above makes relevant the task of analyzing the variation of yield to maturity of government bonds of different countries at the current stage of economic development, as well as the dependence between yield to maturity and the level of inflation on the examples of certain countries and impact on the yield to maturity of government bonds of central bank key rates. The research used such scientific methods as analysis and synthesis of results, logical-analytical methods, methods of descriptive statistics and econometric models. Purpose. The purpose of the paper are improving the approach to the analysis of the yield to maturity of government bonds of various countries and the analysis of the influence of central bank rates on the level of yield to maturity of government bonds. Results. The yield to maturity of government bonds and the rates of central banks of different countries are analyzed. The inverse relationship between the terms to maturity and the level of yield to maturity of government bonds is shown on the examples of the USA and Ukraine. For different samples, taking into account the level of the credit rating of the countries, the analysis of average yield to maturity, dispersion, standard deviation, range of variation, coefficients of oscillation and variation was performed. A high positive correlation was found between the yield to maturity of government bonds and the level of central bank rates. A regression models analysis of the influence of central bank rates on the yield to maturity of government bonds was performed. The linear regression, logarithmic regression and polynomial regression models were constructed. The most qualitative model was chosen on the basis of the coefficient of determination. Conclusions. It was found that developed countries have low (in some countries in certain periods – negative) central bank rates and a low level of yield to maturity. Countries with low credit ratings have high central bank rates and much higher yields. The examples of the USA and Ukraine show an inverse relationship between the yield to maturity and terms to maturity, which indicates the discrepancy between the level of yield and the risk of government bonds in the conditions of financial crisis. A high coefficien
{"title":"Statistical Analysis of the Yield of Government Bonds Using Econometric Models: Macroeconomic and Investment Aspects","authors":"V. Zhykharieva","doi":"10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-07","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Introduction. The yield to maturity of government bonds changes over time and depends on a number of external and internal factors. In recent years, the gap between the yield to maturity of bonds of developed countries and countries with relatively low credit ratings has been increasing. Inflation and the level of central banks key rates are important factors that cause fluctuations in the yield of government securities. The yield of government bonds is affected by the terms to maturity. Taking into account the ratio of yield and risk, the longer the maturity of government bonds, the higher the yield should be. But in practice, this dependence can be different, especially in periods of financial crises. All of the above makes relevant the task of analyzing the variation of yield to maturity of government bonds of different countries at the current stage of economic development, as well as the dependence between yield to maturity and the level of inflation on the examples of certain countries and impact on the yield to maturity of government bonds of central bank key rates. The research used such scientific methods as analysis and synthesis of results, logical-analytical methods, methods of descriptive statistics and econometric models. Purpose. The purpose of the paper are improving the approach to the analysis of the yield to maturity of government bonds of various countries and the analysis of the influence of central bank rates on the level of yield to maturity of government bonds. Results. The yield to maturity of government bonds and the rates of central banks of different countries are analyzed. The inverse relationship between the terms to maturity and the level of yield to maturity of government bonds is shown on the examples of the USA and Ukraine. For different samples, taking into account the level of the credit rating of the countries, the analysis of average yield to maturity, dispersion, standard deviation, range of variation, coefficients of oscillation and variation was performed. A high positive correlation was found between the yield to maturity of government bonds and the level of central bank rates. A regression models analysis of the influence of central bank rates on the yield to maturity of government bonds was performed. The linear regression, logarithmic regression and polynomial regression models were constructed. The most qualitative model was chosen on the basis of the coefficient of determination. Conclusions. It was found that developed countries have low (in some countries in certain periods – negative) central bank rates and a low level of yield to maturity. Countries with low credit ratings have high central bank rates and much higher yields. The examples of the USA and Ukraine show an inverse relationship between the yield to maturity and terms to maturity, which indicates the discrepancy between the level of yield and the risk of government bonds in the conditions of financial crisis. A high coefficien","PeriodicalId":201493,"journal":{"name":"Modern Economics","volume":"152 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131610855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-20DOI: 10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-04
Burkovskaya Alla Burkovskaya
Abstract. Introduction. The essence and concepts of the financial and logistical activities of enterprises are analyzed. The current state of agrarian enterprises in the logistics industry is studied. The main problems of agrarian enterprises and methods of their solution are determined. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze the current state and prospects for innovative development of the potential of regional enterprises engaged in agricultural production. Results. It has been proven that modern processes at enterprises are outdated, it is necessary to introduce the latest models. One of these is the Big Data model. This model provides for the accumulation of a large amount of data, their clear sorting and structuring, optimization of information flows in the middle of the enterprise and provision of operational information to consumers about the enterprise's products. Conclusions. Improvement of financial and logistics activities, optimization of logistics routes, accurate distribution to customers, effective management can be achieved by using the Big Data model. The development and implementation of innovative methods and models within an agricultural enterprise is impossible without legislative regulation and coordination on the part of the state. Doubts on the part of the management regarding the ease of implementation and the preservation of confidentiality of information about the activities of their enterprises inhibit and support the factors of implementation of the mechanism for the introduction of blockchain technologies among agro-industrial complex enterprises. But the benefits of implementing the Big Data model are available both for business and for society as a whole
{"title":"Innovative Methods of Organization of Financial and Logistic Processes at the Enterprise","authors":"Burkovskaya Alla Burkovskaya","doi":"10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-04","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Introduction. The essence and concepts of the financial and logistical activities of enterprises are analyzed. The current state of agrarian enterprises in the logistics industry is studied. The main problems of agrarian enterprises and methods of their solution are determined. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze the current state and prospects for innovative development of the potential of regional enterprises engaged in agricultural production. Results. It has been proven that modern processes at enterprises are outdated, it is necessary to introduce the latest models. One of these is the Big Data model. This model provides for the accumulation of a large amount of data, their clear sorting and structuring, optimization of information flows in the middle of the enterprise and provision of operational information to consumers about the enterprise's products. Conclusions. Improvement of financial and logistics activities, optimization of logistics routes, accurate distribution to customers, effective management can be achieved by using the Big Data model. The development and implementation of innovative methods and models within an agricultural enterprise is impossible without legislative regulation and coordination on the part of the state. Doubts on the part of the management regarding the ease of implementation and the preservation of confidentiality of information about the activities of their enterprises inhibit and support the factors of implementation of the mechanism for the introduction of blockchain technologies among agro-industrial complex enterprises. But the benefits of implementing the Big Data model are available both for business and for society as a whole","PeriodicalId":201493,"journal":{"name":"Modern Economics","volume":"45 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114025563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-20DOI: 10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-01
M. Averkyna
Abstract. Introduction. The strategy of sustainable development is an extremely complex and extensive plan for predicting, preventing and solving problems on which depends the future survival of all living beings. It is quite difficult to operate with global goals without sufficient awareness of what is happening at the regional and local levels. Thus, a problem arises in the study of aspects of sustainable development of a specific economic region of Ukraine with the aim of determining its main properties and ways for improving regional policy. Purpose. Research of the current state of economy, ecology and social trends, definition of the main aspects and development of proposals for ways to improve and accelerate the sustainable development of the Polissya economic district. Results. Polissya economic district is a region where every global goal of sustainable development must be implemented at the local level, because economic sphere, environment, and society need considerable changes. Social sphere is dominated by depressive processes, the environment is constantly polluted by harmful emissions from enterprises and radiation pollution. All this factors directly affect the economy, which has lost its former potential and has focused only on extracting raw materials. The war became a catalyst for large-scale negative tendencies. But despite the factors listed above, Polissya economic district has a great potential in agro-industrial complex, tourism sector, and available renewable energy sources. Conclusions. Sustainable development should be completely supported by local population and government. Also implementation of environmental management system will be strong impulse for responsible and enhanced restoration of the environment, which will directly affect the condition of health of the local population.
{"title":"Modern Aspects of Sustainable Development of Polissya Economic Region","authors":"M. Averkyna","doi":"10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-01","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Introduction. The strategy of sustainable development is an extremely complex and extensive plan for predicting, preventing and solving problems on which depends the future survival of all living beings. It is quite difficult to operate with global goals without sufficient awareness of what is happening at the regional and local levels. Thus, a problem arises in the study of aspects of sustainable development of a specific economic region of Ukraine with the aim of determining its main properties and ways for improving regional policy. Purpose. Research of the current state of economy, ecology and social trends, definition of the main aspects and development of proposals for ways to improve and accelerate the sustainable development of the Polissya economic district. Results. Polissya economic district is a region where every global goal of sustainable development must be implemented at the local level, because economic sphere, environment, and society need considerable changes. Social sphere is dominated by depressive processes, the environment is constantly polluted by harmful emissions from enterprises and radiation pollution. All this factors directly affect the economy, which has lost its former potential and has focused only on extracting raw materials. The war became a catalyst for large-scale negative tendencies. But despite the factors listed above, Polissya economic district has a great potential in agro-industrial complex, tourism sector, and available renewable energy sources. Conclusions. Sustainable development should be completely supported by local population and government. Also implementation of environmental management system will be strong impulse for responsible and enhanced restoration of the environment, which will directly affect the condition of health of the local population.","PeriodicalId":201493,"journal":{"name":"Modern Economics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129209406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-20DOI: 10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-12
O. Samborska
Abstract. Introduction. In the conditions of intensive migrations, the need to regulate such processes is increasing, there is a need to use the positive potential of labor migrations for the purpose of development, minimizing negative consequences, ensuring the rights and freedoms of migrants. That is why reducing migration should be one of the priority tasks of the country's state migration policy. As a result of the fact that Ukraine is at the same time the country of origin, destination and transit of migrants, the territory of migration flows of different characteristics, different directions and different scales, ensuring state regulation in the field of migration is a complex task, the solution of which requires a complex, systematic approach, adequate funding, personnel and scientific software. The modern migration processes taking place in Ukraine are influenced by several important factors, which turned out to be insufficiently decisive and consistent, the promotion of European and Euro-Atlantic integration, in particular, the acquisition of a visa-free regime with the European Union. The migration experience and extensive networks formed as a result of the long-term participation of Ukrainians in migrations are a negative process for the socioeconomic development of the country. Purpose. The desire of Ukrainians to improve their material situation is always a motive for migration, directly economic, both within the country and abroad. Since income from employment is the main component of financial status, labor migration is most characteristic of residents of low-wage countries. Today, it is very important to set the right vector in the direction of preserving and using the labor potential of Ukraine, for the development and uplifting of the economy as a whole. Results. Study of external migration of labor potential and determination of the consequences of social and psychological stress in families. To draw parallels between the level of actual unemployment of Ukrainians and changes in the real income of their families, as one of the reasons for the increase in external labor migration of the population. Conclusions. The importance of the implementation of direct functional duties of state authorities: promoting the creation of new jobs for the unemployed, preventing the mass exodus of young people and the able-bodied population, controlling and regulating the demographic crisis, combating unregulated migration.
{"title":"Reasons for the Growth of Foreign Labor Migration","authors":"O. Samborska","doi":"10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-12","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Introduction. In the conditions of intensive migrations, the need to regulate such processes is increasing, there is a need to use the positive potential of labor migrations for the purpose of development, minimizing negative consequences, ensuring the rights and freedoms of migrants. That is why reducing migration should be one of the priority tasks of the country's state migration policy. As a result of the fact that Ukraine is at the same time the country of origin, destination and transit of migrants, the territory of migration flows of different characteristics, different directions and different scales, ensuring state regulation in the field of migration is a complex task, the solution of which requires a complex, systematic approach, adequate funding, personnel and scientific software. The modern migration processes taking place in Ukraine are influenced by several important factors, which turned out to be insufficiently decisive and consistent, the promotion of European and Euro-Atlantic integration, in particular, the acquisition of a visa-free regime with the European Union. The migration experience and extensive networks formed as a result of the long-term participation of Ukrainians in migrations are a negative process for the socioeconomic development of the country. Purpose. The desire of Ukrainians to improve their material situation is always a motive for migration, directly economic, both within the country and abroad. Since income from employment is the main component of financial status, labor migration is most characteristic of residents of low-wage countries. Today, it is very important to set the right vector in the direction of preserving and using the labor potential of Ukraine, for the development and uplifting of the economy as a whole. Results. Study of external migration of labor potential and determination of the consequences of social and psychological stress in families. To draw parallels between the level of actual unemployment of Ukrainians and changes in the real income of their families, as one of the reasons for the increase in external labor migration of the population. Conclusions. The importance of the implementation of direct functional duties of state authorities: promoting the creation of new jobs for the unemployed, preventing the mass exodus of young people and the able-bodied population, controlling and regulating the demographic crisis, combating unregulated migration.","PeriodicalId":201493,"journal":{"name":"Modern Economics","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122892625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-20DOI: 10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-02
Inna Berhanir
Abstract. Introduction. It has been established that internal audit is one of the types of internal economic control of business entities. The main criteria for the quality of conducting an internal audit as a management function are the efficiency, productivity and cost-effectiveness of the internal audit system. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to reveal the need for internal audit at the enterprise and the peculiarities of its organization. Results. It has been established that internal audit is one of the types of internal economic control of business entities. The main criteria for the quality of conducting an internal audit as a management function are the efficiency, productivity and cost-effectiveness of the internal audit system. The need for the functioning of the internal audit service at the enterprise is substantiated. The peculiarities and methods of its organization are considered, and their positive and negative aspects of internal audit are determined. The content of the concept of "internal audit" and the question of the need for its operation at the enterprise as a tool for improving the efficiency of the accounting system and activities as a whole are revealed. The main stages of internal audit are formulated and a set of qualitative and quantitative parameters for evaluating the effectiveness of the accounting system is proposed, based on the directions of research of individual objects (elements) of the accounting system by means of internal audit. The tasks of the internal audit regarding the evaluation of the efficiency of the enterprise's accounting system have been substantiated and specified. Conclusions. It has been proven that the effectiveness of internal audit at enterprises is determined by the level of its organization. The main objects of the internal audit organization are the creation and organization of the work of the internal audit system, the organization of the work of internal auditors, and the organization of the internal audit process.
{"title":"The Role of Internal Audit in the Enterprise Management System","authors":"Inna Berhanir","doi":"10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-02","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Introduction. It has been established that internal audit is one of the types of internal economic control of business entities. The main criteria for the quality of conducting an internal audit as a management function are the efficiency, productivity and cost-effectiveness of the internal audit system. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to reveal the need for internal audit at the enterprise and the peculiarities of its organization. Results. It has been established that internal audit is one of the types of internal economic control of business entities. The main criteria for the quality of conducting an internal audit as a management function are the efficiency, productivity and cost-effectiveness of the internal audit system. The need for the functioning of the internal audit service at the enterprise is substantiated. The peculiarities and methods of its organization are considered, and their positive and negative aspects of internal audit are determined. The content of the concept of \"internal audit\" and the question of the need for its operation at the enterprise as a tool for improving the efficiency of the accounting system and activities as a whole are revealed. The main stages of internal audit are formulated and a set of qualitative and quantitative parameters for evaluating the effectiveness of the accounting system is proposed, based on the directions of research of individual objects (elements) of the accounting system by means of internal audit. The tasks of the internal audit regarding the evaluation of the efficiency of the enterprise's accounting system have been substantiated and specified. Conclusions. It has been proven that the effectiveness of internal audit at enterprises is determined by the level of its organization. The main objects of the internal audit organization are the creation and organization of the work of the internal audit system, the organization of the work of internal auditors, and the organization of the internal audit process.","PeriodicalId":201493,"journal":{"name":"Modern Economics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130261608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-20DOI: 10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-13
V. Stamat
ial elements, human resources and informational connections in the production process. Leaders in any business must exercise caution in the exercise of their power and refrain from destructive and abusive behavior. In general, a large number of business leaders are tolerant of their employees, but some are not and abuse their power by mistreating their employees. This article is devoted to abusive behavior in management and means of its neutralization. Abusive behavior can be the cause of conflicts, deterioration of communication and decrease in the efficiency of team work. Purpose. The purpose of this article is to research means of neutralizing abusive behavior in enterprise management. The tasks of this article are to determine the general essence of the concepts of "abuse", "abuser", "abusive behavior" and to investigate the concept of abusive behavior in enterprise management and to determine the main ways of solving this problem. Results. The author describes various forms of abusive behavior, such as intimidation, intimidation, manipulation and discrediting, and also considers the main methods of neutralizing abusive behavior, such as the use of psychological techniques, maintaining emotional calm, increasing the level of emotional intelligence and developing leadership skills. It was determined that abuse as a type of psychological manipulation and social influence is carried out with the aim of covertly introducing certain attitudes into the psyche of the person who is the victim of the abuser, which are not the actual needs of the victim. Conclusions. The author proved that abusive behavior in management is a rather negative phenomenon and affects various aspects of the activity of any enterprise. The main task is to detect this behavior in time and to stop it as soon as possible by all existing methods in order to normalize the further activities of the enterprise.
{"title":"Means of Neutralizing Abusive Behavior in Enterprise Management","authors":"V. Stamat","doi":"10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-13","url":null,"abstract":"ial elements, human resources and informational connections in the production process. Leaders in any business must exercise caution in the exercise of their power and refrain from destructive and abusive behavior. In general, a large number of business leaders are tolerant of their employees, but some are not and abuse their power by mistreating their employees. This article is devoted to abusive behavior in management and means of its neutralization. Abusive behavior can be the cause of conflicts, deterioration of communication and decrease in the efficiency of team work. Purpose. The purpose of this article is to research means of neutralizing abusive behavior in enterprise management. The tasks of this article are to determine the general essence of the concepts of \"abuse\", \"abuser\", \"abusive behavior\" and to investigate the concept of abusive behavior in enterprise management and to determine the main ways of solving this problem. Results. The author describes various forms of abusive behavior, such as intimidation, intimidation, manipulation and discrediting, and also considers the main methods of neutralizing abusive behavior, such as the use of psychological techniques, maintaining emotional calm, increasing the level of emotional intelligence and developing leadership skills. It was determined that abuse as a type of psychological manipulation and social influence is carried out with the aim of covertly introducing certain attitudes into the psyche of the person who is the victim of the abuser, which are not the actual needs of the victim. Conclusions. The author proved that abusive behavior in management is a rather negative phenomenon and affects various aspects of the activity of any enterprise. The main task is to detect this behavior in time and to stop it as soon as possible by all existing methods in order to normalize the further activities of the enterprise.","PeriodicalId":201493,"journal":{"name":"Modern Economics","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132989096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-20DOI: 10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-09
M. Kohut
Abstract. Introduction. The history of the emergence of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies is analyzed. Basic concepts related to blockchain technology are explained. The main focus is on issues important from an investor's point of view, as well as on technical aspects, including the essence and importance of blockchain technology. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to generalize and systematize the available information about the emergence of cryptocurrencies and analyze their patterns. Results. The specifics of digital assets and the bitcoin exchange rate in 2012-2021 were studied in more detail. It was found that on the cryptocurrency market you can earn (as well as lose) both as a trader and as a so-called cryptocurrency hodlers. A rating of cryptocurrency exchanges was developed according to the following indicators: security, number of crypto currencies, fiat currencies, advantages of the exchange, disadvantages of the exchange. Cryptocurrency exchanges are a central part of the entire digital collection ecosystem today. Currently, there are already several hundred crypto exchanges on the market, which differ in terms of transactions, security levels or listed values. In this article, we have described cryptocurrency as objectively as possible so that you can assess for yourself whether it will be the right form of investment for you. Conclusions. The wide choice of service providers and the fact that digital currencies are a relatively new form of investment means that finding the best place to trade is not easy. The cooperation of international financial conglomerates in the development of blockchain technology will save these enterprises billions of dollars per year and will be able to improve their operations and eliminate errors related to the human factor. Participants in the financial system are forced to propose standards that would apply to each participant in the network without disturbing the established status quo in international markets.
{"title":"The Essence and Place of Cryptocurrency in the Financial System","authors":"M. Kohut","doi":"10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-09","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Introduction. The history of the emergence of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies is analyzed. Basic concepts related to blockchain technology are explained. The main focus is on issues important from an investor's point of view, as well as on technical aspects, including the essence and importance of blockchain technology. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to generalize and systematize the available information about the emergence of cryptocurrencies and analyze their patterns. Results. The specifics of digital assets and the bitcoin exchange rate in 2012-2021 were studied in more detail. It was found that on the cryptocurrency market you can earn (as well as lose) both as a trader and as a so-called cryptocurrency hodlers. A rating of cryptocurrency exchanges was developed according to the following indicators: security, number of crypto currencies, fiat currencies, advantages of the exchange, disadvantages of the exchange. Cryptocurrency exchanges are a central part of the entire digital collection ecosystem today. Currently, there are already several hundred crypto exchanges on the market, which differ in terms of transactions, security levels or listed values. In this article, we have described cryptocurrency as objectively as possible so that you can assess for yourself whether it will be the right form of investment for you. Conclusions. The wide choice of service providers and the fact that digital currencies are a relatively new form of investment means that finding the best place to trade is not easy. The cooperation of international financial conglomerates in the development of blockchain technology will save these enterprises billions of dollars per year and will be able to improve their operations and eliminate errors related to the human factor. Participants in the financial system are forced to propose standards that would apply to each participant in the network without disturbing the established status quo in international markets.","PeriodicalId":201493,"journal":{"name":"Modern Economics","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133727813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-20DOI: 10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-08
M. I. A. M. Ilham Akbar
Abstract. Introduction. Consumers should also carefully consider the purchase of a product online, as online buying and selling cannot be separated from the issue of risk. This phenomenon mainly results from the fact that most transactions between sellers and buyers are conducted over the internet, where fraud, lack of privacy, delivery risk, and lack of quality assurance of goods are commonplace. Purpose. This study aims to obtain empirical evidence by understanding and analyzing the impact of service quality with trust as a moderating variable on purchasing decisions, the impact of service quality on purchasing decisions, the impact of safety on purchasing decisions, and the impact of perceived risk on purchasing decisions at Shopee. This study used a sample of 160 18- year-old male and female residents of South Sumatra who had used the Shopee application-selected using a sampling technique for a specific purpose. The research was analyzed using descriptive statistical methods with data on the frequency of respondents' responses regarding the given variables and Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS). Results. Results of the study indicating that the trust variable significantly moderates the effect of service quality on purchasing decisions, service quality influences a positive effect on purchasing decisions, and security has a positive effect on purchasing decisions. Conclusions. Trust significantly moderates the effect of service quality on purchasing decisions at Shopee. Service quality has a significant effect on purchasing decisions at Shopee. Security has a significant effect on purchasing decisions at Shopee. Perceived risk has a significant effect on purchasing decisions at Shopee.
{"title":"Service Quality, Trust as a Moderating Variable, Security and Perceived Risk of Purchasing Decisions at Shopee","authors":"M. I. A. M. Ilham Akbar","doi":"10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-08","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Introduction. Consumers should also carefully consider the purchase of a product online, as online buying and selling cannot be separated from the issue of risk. This phenomenon mainly results from the fact that most transactions between sellers and buyers are conducted over the internet, where fraud, lack of privacy, delivery risk, and lack of quality assurance of goods are commonplace. Purpose. This study aims to obtain empirical evidence by understanding and analyzing the impact of service quality with trust as a moderating variable on purchasing decisions, the impact of service quality on purchasing decisions, the impact of safety on purchasing decisions, and the impact of perceived risk on purchasing decisions at Shopee. This study used a sample of 160 18- year-old male and female residents of South Sumatra who had used the Shopee application-selected using a sampling technique for a specific purpose. The research was analyzed using descriptive statistical methods with data on the frequency of respondents' responses regarding the given variables and Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS). Results. Results of the study indicating that the trust variable significantly moderates the effect of service quality on purchasing decisions, service quality influences a positive effect on purchasing decisions, and security has a positive effect on purchasing decisions. Conclusions. Trust significantly moderates the effect of service quality on purchasing decisions at Shopee. Service quality has a significant effect on purchasing decisions at Shopee. Security has a significant effect on purchasing decisions at Shopee. Perceived risk has a significant effect on purchasing decisions at Shopee.","PeriodicalId":201493,"journal":{"name":"Modern Economics","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115370674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-20DOI: 10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-14
Olena Usykova
Abstract. Introduction. The article investigates the issues of the methodology for assessing the impact of external and internal risks on supply chains. The interrelation between the probability of occurrence of a hazardous event and its impact on supply chains is examined. The principal research method is the use of risk maps on the basis of matrix modeling. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to reveal modern approaches towards the methodology of supply chain risk analysis at an enterprise. Results. It has been stated that key risk factors can be controlled through risk monitoring. External and internal risks that may cause shocks and disruptions to the supply chain have been analyzed. It has been determined that the presented approach to risk assessment complements the methodology for risk assessment and monitoring. It has been established that supply chains are exposed to elevated risk, which can be controlled through the use of the risk matrix procedures. It has been proven that the critical risk areas within supply chains are external crises, environmental uncertainty, supply chains relations and production, while the most hazardous risks within supply chains are associated with external conditions beyond the control of supply chain participants. Conclusions. The growing impact of risk on the activity of the enterprise emphasizes the importance of processes that are intended to reduce the probability of supply chain risk. The presented study attracts attention to the process of risk monitoring, which, if neglected, contributes to the catastrophic consequences of the supply chain collapse. Summing up, it is possible to draw the following conclusions. 1. Supply chains are being exposed to high risk, which can be controlled through risk matrix procedures. 2. The conducted analysis has demonstrated that the critical risk areas in supply chains are external crises, environmental uncertainty, supply chain relations and production. 3. The most hazardous risks in supply chains are associated with external conditions that are beyond the control of supply chain participants. 4. Awareness of a risk and the possibility of classifying it on a risk matrix is a considerable aid to a simpler threat assessment, which may prove useful in practice.
{"title":"Risk Analysis of Supply Chains at an Enterprise","authors":"Olena Usykova","doi":"10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-14","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Introduction. The article investigates the issues of the methodology for assessing the impact of external and internal risks on supply chains. The interrelation between the probability of occurrence of a hazardous event and its impact on supply chains is examined. The principal research method is the use of risk maps on the basis of matrix modeling. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to reveal modern approaches towards the methodology of supply chain risk analysis at an enterprise. Results. It has been stated that key risk factors can be controlled through risk monitoring. External and internal risks that may cause shocks and disruptions to the supply chain have been analyzed. It has been determined that the presented approach to risk assessment complements the methodology for risk assessment and monitoring. It has been established that supply chains are exposed to elevated risk, which can be controlled through the use of the risk matrix procedures. It has been proven that the critical risk areas within supply chains are external crises, environmental uncertainty, supply chains relations and production, while the most hazardous risks within supply chains are associated with external conditions beyond the control of supply chain participants. Conclusions. The growing impact of risk on the activity of the enterprise emphasizes the importance of processes that are intended to reduce the probability of supply chain risk. The presented study attracts attention to the process of risk monitoring, which, if neglected, contributes to the catastrophic consequences of the supply chain collapse. Summing up, it is possible to draw the following conclusions. 1. Supply chains are being exposed to high risk, which can be controlled through risk matrix procedures. 2. The conducted analysis has demonstrated that the critical risk areas in supply chains are external crises, environmental uncertainty, supply chain relations and production. 3. The most hazardous risks in supply chains are associated with external conditions that are beyond the control of supply chain participants. 4. Awareness of a risk and the possibility of classifying it on a risk matrix is a considerable aid to a simpler threat assessment, which may prove useful in practice.","PeriodicalId":201493,"journal":{"name":"Modern Economics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115867914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-20DOI: 10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-16
Tetiana Yavorska
Abstract. Introduction. The article considers the analytical aspects of tourism business development in the regional social and economic destination, which are implemented according to the criteria for assessing the qual-ity of components of the tourist product and tourist flows. The deals the market of the tourist ser-vices, which determines the parameters of the aggregate value of the indices of the meso- and lo-cal levels. Results. A comprehensive approach to the assessment of the overall value of the tourist business develop-ment index, which is differentiated by the components of the tourism potential at the meso level, has been developed. The inclusiveness of the local tourism business in the regional social and economic destination is determined. The directions of international cooperation of one country with neighboring countries within the regional blocks of tourism business are singled out. The analytical components modeling of the tourist product in the regional social and economic desti-nation are formed. The system of quantitative and qualitative indicators of tourism business de-velopment in the regional social and economic destination of the country is determined. The scale of tourists served by tour operators and travel agents in Ukraine is analyzed. Conclusions. The mechanism of regulation of the development of tourist business in regional social and eco-nomic destination of market type is developed. For strategic analysis of tourism business devel-opment in a regional social and economic destination, a general concept of its evaluation in terms of a systematic approach and analysis of alternatives has been formed. It is proved that the exist-ing tools for assessing the tourism business are the levers of indirect influence on the state econ-omy. Therefore, taking into account cross-border cooperation in this area will determine the cri-teria for optimal profits from tourism and tourism operators and its effect in regional social and economic destinations.
{"title":"Analytical Aspects of Tourism Business Development in the Regional Social and Economic Destination","authors":"Tetiana Yavorska","doi":"10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31521/modecon.v37(2023)-16","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Introduction. The article considers the analytical aspects of tourism business development in the regional social and economic destination, which are implemented according to the criteria for assessing the qual-ity of components of the tourist product and tourist flows. The deals the market of the tourist ser-vices, which determines the parameters of the aggregate value of the indices of the meso- and lo-cal levels. Results. A comprehensive approach to the assessment of the overall value of the tourist business develop-ment index, which is differentiated by the components of the tourism potential at the meso level, has been developed. The inclusiveness of the local tourism business in the regional social and economic destination is determined. The directions of international cooperation of one country with neighboring countries within the regional blocks of tourism business are singled out. The analytical components modeling of the tourist product in the regional social and economic desti-nation are formed. The system of quantitative and qualitative indicators of tourism business de-velopment in the regional social and economic destination of the country is determined. The scale of tourists served by tour operators and travel agents in Ukraine is analyzed. Conclusions. The mechanism of regulation of the development of tourist business in regional social and eco-nomic destination of market type is developed. For strategic analysis of tourism business devel-opment in a regional social and economic destination, a general concept of its evaluation in terms of a systematic approach and analysis of alternatives has been formed. It is proved that the exist-ing tools for assessing the tourism business are the levers of indirect influence on the state econ-omy. Therefore, taking into account cross-border cooperation in this area will determine the cri-teria for optimal profits from tourism and tourism operators and its effect in regional social and economic destinations.","PeriodicalId":201493,"journal":{"name":"Modern Economics","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126882483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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