M. Masiello, Romy EL GHORAYEB, S. Somma, C. Saab, G. Meca, A. Logrieco, W. Habib, A. Moretti
Alternaria is a ubiquitous genus that may infect wheat in many countries, causing the disease black point. The present study aimed to assess contamination by fungi, of durum wheat kernels from Lebanon, and identify the main Alternaria species contaminants. Alternaria was detected in the majority (97%) of the inspected fields. Contamination by Alternaria differed among the samples according to their geographical origins. The greatest contamination was detected in the West Bekaa area (average 59%), followed by Akkar (55%), and lowest was observed in Baalbeck (2%). HPLC-DAD analyses performed on grain samples showed that altenuene, alternariol, alternariol monomethyl ether, and tenuazonic acid were not detected in any sample. Phylogenetic analyses, based on DNA sequences of β-tubulin, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and calmodulin gene fragments, showed that Alternaria field strains belonged to two major sections: Alternaria (51%) and Infectoriae (40%). The remaining strains were in separate clades in sections Ulocladioides (3%), Chalastospora (3%) and Pseudoalternaria (3%). Although this study revealed no contamination of wheat kernels by Alternaria mycotoxins, the potential risk of mycotoxin accumulation remains high due to the widespread occurrence of toxigenic Alternaria species on kernels.
{"title":"Alternaria species and related mycotoxin detection in Lebanese durum wheat grain","authors":"M. Masiello, Romy EL GHORAYEB, S. Somma, C. Saab, G. Meca, A. Logrieco, W. Habib, A. Moretti","doi":"10.36253/phyto-13396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/phyto-13396","url":null,"abstract":"Alternaria is a ubiquitous genus that may infect wheat in many countries, causing the disease black point. The present study aimed to assess contamination by fungi, of durum wheat kernels from Lebanon, and identify the main Alternaria species contaminants. Alternaria was detected in the majority (97%) of the inspected fields. Contamination by Alternaria differed among the samples according to their geographical origins. The greatest contamination was detected in the West Bekaa area (average 59%), followed by Akkar (55%), and lowest was observed in Baalbeck (2%). HPLC-DAD analyses performed on grain samples showed that altenuene, alternariol, alternariol monomethyl ether, and tenuazonic acid were not detected in any sample. Phylogenetic analyses, based on DNA sequences of β-tubulin, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and calmodulin gene fragments, showed that Alternaria field strains belonged to two major sections: Alternaria (51%) and Infectoriae (40%). The remaining strains were in separate clades in sections Ulocladioides (3%), Chalastospora (3%) and Pseudoalternaria (3%). Although this study revealed no contamination of wheat kernels by Alternaria mycotoxins, the potential risk of mycotoxin accumulation remains high due to the widespread occurrence of toxigenic Alternaria species on kernels.","PeriodicalId":20165,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathologia Mediterranea","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46792389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Martino, P. W. Crous, A. Garibaldi, M. Gullino, V. Guarnaccia
Colletotrichum ocimi causes black spot of basil (Ocimum basilicum) and is a serious threat to basil cultivation as it compromises leaf production. The pathogen also infects seeds, which could become primary sources of inoculum for spread of black spot. A SYBR Green real-time PCR assay was developed to detect Colletotrichum ocimi in basil leaves and seeds, based on the partial β-tubulin (tub2) gene sequence. Two primer sets were designed and tested. The selected primer pairs produced amplicons of 130 bp. The real-time PCR assay was validated for analytical specificity, sensitivity, selectivity, repeatability and reproducibility. The assay was specific for C. ocimi with respect to ten Colletotrichum spp. and to another 12 pathogens of basil plants. Sensitivity was 1 pg µL-1 of genomic fungal DNA and amplification analyses were not influenced by basil genomic DNA. The assay detected and quantified C. ocimi in artificially inoculated basil leaves. This is the first specific primer set for C. ocimi, which allows rapid detection and quantification of the pathogen is a useful tool for diagnostics in plants. Detection in seeds would also be possible, but will require an optimized extraction method. The qPCR detection of C. ocimi in planta can contribute to adoption of effective preventive disease management strategies.
{"title":"A SYBR Green qPCR assay for specific detection of Colletotrichum ocimi, which causes black spot of basil","authors":"I. Martino, P. W. Crous, A. Garibaldi, M. Gullino, V. Guarnaccia","doi":"10.36253/phyto-13606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/phyto-13606","url":null,"abstract":"Colletotrichum ocimi causes black spot of basil (Ocimum basilicum) and is a serious threat to basil cultivation as it compromises leaf production. The pathogen also infects seeds, which could become primary sources of inoculum for spread of black spot. A SYBR Green real-time PCR assay was developed to detect Colletotrichum ocimi in basil leaves and seeds, based on the partial β-tubulin (tub2) gene sequence. Two primer sets were designed and tested. The selected primer pairs produced amplicons of 130 bp. The real-time PCR assay was validated for analytical specificity, sensitivity, selectivity, repeatability and reproducibility. The assay was specific for C. ocimi with respect to ten Colletotrichum spp. and to another 12 pathogens of basil plants. Sensitivity was 1 pg µL-1 of genomic fungal DNA and amplification analyses were not influenced by basil genomic DNA. The assay detected and quantified C. ocimi in artificially inoculated basil leaves. This is the first specific primer set for C. ocimi, which allows rapid detection and quantification of the pathogen is a useful tool for diagnostics in plants. Detection in seeds would also be possible, but will require an optimized extraction method. The qPCR detection of C. ocimi in planta can contribute to adoption of effective preventive disease management strategies.","PeriodicalId":20165,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathologia Mediterranea","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42253514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Touhid Allahverdipour, M. Rastgou, H. Rahimian, E. Noris, S. Matić
Japanese quince trees are grown as ornamental plants in Iran, in parks and in orchards close to stone fruit and pome fruit trees. Shoots of Japanese quince (Chaenomeles japonica) showing sunken brown canker symptoms were observed and collected near Sari, the center of Mazandaran province in the North of Iran, during the 2016 growing season. Gram negative bacteria isolated from symptomatic tissues were similar to Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss) were pathogenic on Japanese quince and on quince (Cydonia oblonga) seedlings after artificial inoculation, and were re-isolated from diseased hosts. Phylogenetic tree construction using partial sequences of ITS and rpoD genes showed that the Japanese quince isolates were in the same clade as Pss strains. The isolates had ice nucleation activity, and the InaK gene was amplified successfully. According to the results of phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, genomic DNA fingerprinting using REP-PCR, BOX-PCR and IS50-PCR and isolation of total cell proteins, we conclude that Pss is the causal agent of canker of the Japanese quince trees. Therefore, Japanese quince is a new host for Pss causing bacterial canker on many different host plants.
{"title":"Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae causes bacterial canker on Japanese quince (Chaenomeles japonica)","authors":"Touhid Allahverdipour, M. Rastgou, H. Rahimian, E. Noris, S. Matić","doi":"10.36253/phyto-13106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/phyto-13106","url":null,"abstract":"Japanese quince trees are grown as ornamental plants in Iran, in parks and in orchards close to stone fruit and pome fruit trees. Shoots of Japanese quince (Chaenomeles japonica) showing sunken brown canker symptoms were observed and collected near Sari, the center of Mazandaran province in the North of Iran, during the 2016 growing season. Gram negative bacteria isolated from symptomatic tissues were similar to Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss) were pathogenic on Japanese quince and on quince (Cydonia oblonga) seedlings after artificial inoculation, and were re-isolated from diseased hosts. Phylogenetic tree construction using partial sequences of ITS and rpoD genes showed that the Japanese quince isolates were in the same clade as Pss strains. The isolates had ice nucleation activity, and the InaK gene was amplified successfully. According to the results of phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, genomic DNA fingerprinting using REP-PCR, BOX-PCR and IS50-PCR and isolation of total cell proteins, we conclude that Pss is the causal agent of canker of the Japanese quince trees. Therefore, Japanese quince is a new host for Pss causing bacterial canker on many different host plants.","PeriodicalId":20165,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathologia Mediterranea","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49032713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The 12th International Workshop on Grapevine Trunk Diseases (12th IWGTD) was held in Mikulov, Czech Republic, from 10 to 14 July, 2022. The Workshop was chaired by Dr Aleš Eichmeier and organized by Mendel University in Brno and Svaz Vinařů České Republiky/Union of Winemakers of the Czech Republic. The ICGTD Council meeting took place on 10 July, and that evening the welcome reception was opened by Rostislav Koštial (Mayor of Mikulov, Senator and viticulturist), Dr Martin Chlad (President of Svaz Vinařů České Republiky/Union of Winemakers of the Czech Republic), and Dr Svatopluk Kapounek (Vice-Rector, Mendel University, Brno).The scientific programme was opened by Dr Alena Salašová (Dean, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University, Brno). The Workshop was attended by 133 researchers from 25 countries, presenting 61 oral and 49 poster papers. These presentations were in five sessions, including; Pathogen Characterization and Identification, Epidemiology, Plant-pathogen Interactions, Microbial Ecology, and Disease Management in Nurseries and Vineyards. The Disease Management session aimed to provide grape growers with an overview of practical options for trunk disease control. This session included contributions from researchers who have completed field trials on trunk disease management. David Gramaje (Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y el Vino (ICVV), Logroño, La Rioja, Spain, outlined an evaluation of treatments for protection of grapevine pruning wounds from natural pathogen infections; Francois Halleen (University of Stellenbosch, South Africa) presented detailed results of efficiency of hot water treatments in nurseries; and Josè Úrbez-Torres (Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada SuRDC) outlined research on biological control of Botryosphaeria dieback in grapevines.A field trip (13 July) visited vineyards in the South Moravia. Delegates were presented with an overview of grapevine production in South Moravia, followed by discussions on the main diseases (including GTDs) affecting grapevines in the Czech Republic. Vineyards affected by GTD pathogens were also visited, where the growers outlined their viewpoints. The field trip focused on presenting the current situation of GTDs in South Moravia, and the management strategies being adopted. Student competitions for best oral and poster presentations included papers presented by 29 postgraduate students. For best posters:1st place went to Catarina Leal (University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, France, and Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain), “Evaluation of Trichoderma atroviride SC1 and Bacillus subtilis PTA-271 combination against grapevine trunk diseases pathogens in nursery propagation process”;2nd place went to Marcelo Bustamante (University of California, Davis, United States of America), “Investigating the role of Fusarium spp. in young vine decline in California”; 3rd place went to María Julia Carbone (Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay), “Interactive effects of Dactylo
第十二届葡萄藤主干疾病国际研讨会(第十二届IWGTD)于2022年7月10日至14日在捷克共和国米库洛夫举行。研讨会由alessi Eichmeier博士主持，并由位于布尔诺和斯瓦兹的孟德尔大学Vinařů České共和国/捷克共和国酿酒师联盟组织。ICGTD理事会会议于7月10日举行，当晚的欢迎招待会由Rostislav Koštial(米库洛夫市市长、参议员和葡萄种植者)、Martin Chlad博士(斯瓦兹Vinařů České共和国/捷克共和国酿酒师联盟主席)和Svatopluk Kapounek博士(布尔诺Mendel大学副校长)主持开幕。科学项目由Alena博士Salašová(布尔诺孟德尔大学园艺学院院长)主持开幕。来自25个国家的133名研究人员参加了讲习班，提交了61份口头论文和49份海报论文。这些演讲分五次举行，包括;病原菌鉴定、流行病学、植物与病原菌相互作用、微生物生态学、苗圃和葡萄园病害管理。疾病管理会议旨在为葡萄种植者提供树干疾病控制的实际选择的概述。本次会议包括完成树干疾病管理田间试验的研究人员的贡献。David Gramaje (la vidy el Vino科学研究所，Logroño，西班牙拉里奥哈)概述了保护葡萄修剪伤免受自然病原体感染的治疗方法的评估;Francois Halleen(南非Stellenbosch大学)介绍了托儿所热水处理效率的详细结果;和Josè Úrbez-Torres(加拿大农业和农业食品部SuRDC)概述了葡萄枯萎病的生物防治研究。实地考察(7月13日)参观了南摩拉维亚的葡萄园。向代表们介绍了南摩拉维亚葡萄生产概况，随后讨论了影响捷克共和国葡萄的主要疾病(包括gtd)。受GTD病原菌影响的葡萄园也被访问，在那里种植者概述了他们的观点。实地考察的重点是介绍南摩拉维亚的全球发展中国家的现状，以及正在采取的管理战略。学生竞赛的最佳口头和海报报告包括29名研究生提交的论文。最佳海报:第一名由Catarina Leal(法国香槟-阿登兰斯大学和西班牙瓦伦西亚理工大学)，“评价阿托维木霉SC1和枯草芽孢杆菌PTA-271组合在苗圃繁殖过程中对葡萄藤干病病原体的作用”;第二名由Marcelo Bustamante(美国加州大学戴维斯分校)，“调查镰刀菌在加州幼藤衰退中的作用”;第三名:María Julia Carbone(乌拉圭蒙得维的亚República大学)，“接种大芽dactylonecuria macrodidyma对葡萄根际和根系微生物群的互作效应”。最佳口头报告:第一名是Catarina Leal，(法国兰斯大学香槟-阿登和西班牙瓦伦西亚理工大学)，“枯草芽孢杆菌PTA-271和atroviride木霉SC1对葡萄枯萎病菌Neofusicoccum parvum的有益作用可能因葡萄品种而异”;第二名是Isidora Silva-Valderama(加拿大温哥华英属哥伦比亚大学)，“预测病原体毒力:第三名是Colin Todd(美国加州大学河滨分校)，“追踪加州苗圃中与葡萄幼苗衰退相关的真菌致病群”。第13届IWGTD将于2025年在墨西哥的恩塞纳达举行。
{"title":"Abstracts of oral and poster presentations given at the 12th International Workshop on Grapevine Trunk Diseases, Mikulov, Czech Republic, 10–14 July 2022","authors":"AA. VV.","doi":"10.36253/phyto-13818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/phyto-13818","url":null,"abstract":"The 12th International Workshop on Grapevine Trunk Diseases (12th IWGTD) was held in Mikulov, Czech Republic, from 10 to 14 July, 2022. The Workshop was chaired by Dr Aleš Eichmeier and organized by Mendel University in Brno and Svaz Vinařů České Republiky/Union of Winemakers of the Czech Republic. The ICGTD Council meeting took place on 10 July, and that evening the welcome reception was opened by Rostislav Koštial (Mayor of Mikulov, Senator and viticulturist), Dr Martin Chlad (President of Svaz Vinařů České Republiky/Union of Winemakers of the Czech Republic), and Dr Svatopluk Kapounek (Vice-Rector, Mendel University, Brno).The scientific programme was opened by Dr Alena Salašová (Dean, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University, Brno). The Workshop was attended by 133 researchers from 25 countries, presenting 61 oral and 49 poster papers. These presentations were in five sessions, including; Pathogen Characterization and Identification, Epidemiology, Plant-pathogen Interactions, Microbial Ecology, and Disease Management in Nurseries and Vineyards. The Disease Management session aimed to provide grape growers with an overview of practical options for trunk disease control. This session included contributions from researchers who have completed field trials on trunk disease management. David Gramaje (Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y el Vino (ICVV), Logroño, La Rioja, Spain, outlined an evaluation of treatments for protection of grapevine pruning wounds from natural pathogen infections; Francois Halleen (University of Stellenbosch, South Africa) presented detailed results of efficiency of hot water treatments in nurseries; and Josè Úrbez-Torres (Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada SuRDC) outlined research on biological control of Botryosphaeria dieback in grapevines.A field trip (13 July) visited vineyards in the South Moravia. Delegates were presented with an overview of grapevine production in South Moravia, followed by discussions on the main diseases (including GTDs) affecting grapevines in the Czech Republic. Vineyards affected by GTD pathogens were also visited, where the growers outlined their viewpoints. The field trip focused on presenting the current situation of GTDs in South Moravia, and the management strategies being adopted. Student competitions for best oral and poster presentations included papers presented by 29 postgraduate students. For best posters:1st place went to Catarina Leal (University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, France, and Polytechnic University of Valencia, Spain), “Evaluation of Trichoderma atroviride SC1 and Bacillus subtilis PTA-271 combination against grapevine trunk diseases pathogens in nursery propagation process”;2nd place went to Marcelo Bustamante (University of California, Davis, United States of America), “Investigating the role of Fusarium spp. in young vine decline in California”; 3rd place went to María Julia Carbone (Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay), “Interactive effects of Dactylo","PeriodicalId":20165,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathologia Mediterranea","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45381388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oleander (Nerium oleander L.) is a popular woody ornamental plant, often used for decorating public areas, terraces and gardens. Many diseases may decrease in the ornamental value of these plantings. Between 2018 and 2020, plant pathogenic bacteria of oleander were examined, and many samples of infected plants were collected from different sites in Hungary. Two non-pigmented Serratia marcescens isolates were identified from oleander by classical and molecular methods. The isolates caused necrotic lesions on oleander leaves. Serratia marcescens is known as an opportunistic mammal or plant pathogen, but non-pathogenic strains are known to be useful biological control agents or plant growth-promoting bacteria. This is the first report of the plant pathogen S. marcescens from oleander, and the first identification of the bacterium in Hungary.
{"title":"First report of Serratia marcescens from oleander in Hungary","authors":"A. Fodor, L. Palkovics, A. Végh","doi":"10.36253/phyto-13354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/phyto-13354","url":null,"abstract":"Oleander (Nerium oleander L.) is a popular woody ornamental plant, often used for decorating public areas, terraces and gardens. Many diseases may decrease in the ornamental value of these plantings. Between 2018 and 2020, plant pathogenic bacteria of oleander were examined, and many samples of infected plants were collected from different sites in Hungary. Two non-pigmented Serratia marcescens isolates were identified from oleander by classical and molecular methods. The isolates caused necrotic lesions on oleander leaves. Serratia marcescens is known as an opportunistic mammal or plant pathogen, but non-pathogenic strains are known to be useful biological control agents or plant growth-promoting bacteria. This is the first report of the plant pathogen S. marcescens from oleander, and the first identification of the bacterium in Hungary. ","PeriodicalId":20165,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathologia Mediterranea","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49567849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Boshoff, B. Visser, C. Bender, A. Wood, L. Rothmann, K. Wilson, V. HAMILTON-ATTWELL, Z. Pretorius
Fig rust, caused by Cerotelium fici, was first recorded in South Africa in 1927. Recent observations have revealed high incidence of rust and untimely defoliation of fig trees (Ficus carica) in residential gardens and commercial orchards. Using phylogenetic analysis, the causal organism of a fig rust isolate (PREM63073) collected in 2020 was confirmed as Phakopsora nishidana. Inoculation and microscope studies showed that mulberry plants were immune to P. nishidana isolate PREM63073. Infection of fig leaves occurred through stomata on the abaxial leaf surfaces. Very long germ tubes were observed for P. nishidana, often with no clear contact with the leaf surfaces and an apparent lack of directional growth towards stomata. Inoculated plants from 15 fig cultivars varied in their severity of leaf infection, whereas fruit of the cultivar Kadota developed reddish-brown blemishes without sporulation. Currently, C. fici and P. nishidana are recognised as occurring on F. carica in South Africa. This suggests a need to resolve the worldwide distribution and identity of the rust species involved.
{"title":"Fig rust caused by Phakopsora nishidana in South Africa","authors":"W. Boshoff, B. Visser, C. Bender, A. Wood, L. Rothmann, K. Wilson, V. HAMILTON-ATTWELL, Z. Pretorius","doi":"10.36253/phyto-13034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/phyto-13034","url":null,"abstract":"Fig rust, caused by Cerotelium fici, was first recorded in South Africa in 1927. Recent observations have revealed high incidence of rust and untimely defoliation of fig trees (Ficus carica) in residential gardens and commercial orchards. Using phylogenetic analysis, the causal organism of a fig rust isolate (PREM63073) collected in 2020 was confirmed as Phakopsora nishidana. Inoculation and microscope studies showed that mulberry plants were immune to P. nishidana isolate PREM63073. Infection of fig leaves occurred through stomata on the abaxial leaf surfaces. Very long germ tubes were observed for P. nishidana, often with no clear contact with the leaf surfaces and an apparent lack of directional growth towards stomata. Inoculated plants from 15 fig cultivars varied in their severity of leaf infection, whereas fruit of the cultivar Kadota developed reddish-brown blemishes without sporulation. Currently, C. fici and P. nishidana are recognised as occurring on F. carica in South Africa. This suggests a need to resolve the worldwide distribution and identity of the rust species involved.","PeriodicalId":20165,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathologia Mediterranea","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42901588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Eichmeier, E. Díaz-Losada, Eliska Hakalova, J. Pečenka, K. Štůsková, Sonia Ojeda, D. Gramaje
Phyllosticta ampelicida causes grapevine black rot, a potentially damaging disease for grape production. This paper reports the draft genome sequence of P. ampelicida PA1 Galicia CBS 148563, which is 30.55 Mb and encodes 10,691 predicted protein-coding genes. This is the first sequence genome assembly of P. ampelicida, and this information is a valuable resource to support genomic attributes for determining pathogenic behaviour and comparative genomic analyses of grapevine black rot fungi.
葡萄毛条虫引起葡萄黑腐病，这是一种对葡萄生产有潜在危害的疾病。本文报道了P. ampelicida PA1 Galicia CBS 148563的基因组序列草图，全长30.55 Mb，编码10691个预测蛋白编码基因。这是葡萄黑腐菌的第一个基因组序列组装，该信息为确定葡萄黑腐菌的致病行为和比较基因组分析提供了宝贵的基因组属性支持。
{"title":"Draft genome sequence of Phyllosticta ampelicida, the cause of grapevine black rot","authors":"A. Eichmeier, E. Díaz-Losada, Eliska Hakalova, J. Pečenka, K. Štůsková, Sonia Ojeda, D. Gramaje","doi":"10.36253/phyto-13516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/phyto-13516","url":null,"abstract":"Phyllosticta ampelicida causes grapevine black rot, a potentially damaging disease for grape production. This paper reports the draft genome sequence of P. ampelicida PA1 Galicia CBS 148563, which is 30.55 Mb and encodes 10,691 predicted protein-coding genes. This is the first sequence genome assembly of P. ampelicida, and this information is a valuable resource to support genomic attributes for determining pathogenic behaviour and comparative genomic analyses of grapevine black rot fungi.","PeriodicalId":20165,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathologia Mediterranea","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47382312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Kumarbayeva, A. Kokhmetova, N. Kovalenko, M. Atishova, Zh.S. Keishilov, Klara Aitymbetova
Tan spot, caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, is an economically important foliar disease of wheat in Kazakhstan. Population structure of the pathogen changes every year due to climate change. This study aimed to characterize the race structure of P. tritici-repentis isolates recovered from wheat in south and north Kazakhstan, and identify tan spot resistance in host genotypes based on disease phenotypes and molecular screening. Virulence profiles were determined within 40 isolates of the pathogen from wheat crops during the 2020 growing season. Seven races, (1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8) were identified. A collection of 80 wheat accessions, including promising lines and cultivars from Kazakhstan and Russia, were evaluated for their reactions to races 1 and 5 of the pathogen, and to Ptr ToxA and Ptr ToxB, using greenhouse assessments and molecular markers diagnostic for the Tsn1 and Tsc2 genes. From a practical viewpoint, 18 wheat genotypes were insensitive to the two races and the two Ptr toxins. This resistant germplasm can be used in breeding programmes aiming to develop wheat varieties resistant to P. tritici-repentis.
{"title":"Characterization of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (tan spot of wheat) races in Kazakhstan","authors":"M. Kumarbayeva, A. Kokhmetova, N. Kovalenko, M. Atishova, Zh.S. Keishilov, Klara Aitymbetova","doi":"10.36253/phyto-13178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/phyto-13178","url":null,"abstract":"Tan spot, caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, is an economically important foliar disease of wheat in Kazakhstan. Population structure of the pathogen changes every year due to climate change. This study aimed to characterize the race structure of P. tritici-repentis isolates recovered from wheat in south and north Kazakhstan, and identify tan spot resistance in host genotypes based on disease phenotypes and molecular screening. Virulence profiles were determined within 40 isolates of the pathogen from wheat crops during the 2020 growing season. Seven races, (1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8) were identified. A collection of 80 wheat accessions, including promising lines and cultivars from Kazakhstan and Russia, were evaluated for their reactions to races 1 and 5 of the pathogen, and to Ptr ToxA and Ptr ToxB, using greenhouse assessments and molecular markers diagnostic for the Tsn1 and Tsc2 genes. From a practical viewpoint, 18 wheat genotypes were insensitive to the two races and the two Ptr toxins. This resistant germplasm can be used in breeding programmes aiming to develop wheat varieties resistant to P. tritici-repentis.","PeriodicalId":20165,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathologia Mediterranea","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42437994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. A. Parra, J. Gómez, Fulgencio Wadi Aguilar, Juan A. Martinez
During the summer of 2018, there was high incidence of fruit rots of cantaloupe melons (Cucumis melo var. cantalupensis) in Murcia province, south-eastern Spain. The fruits showed development of whitish mycelium and pulp softening. Morphological and molecular analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1-α) and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase (RPB2) genes confirmed Fusarium annulatum as the causal agent of the disease. A phylogenetic study indicated that F. annulatum is in the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFSC). Pathogenicity of the isolate was determined on healthy fruit verifying Koch’s postulates. The first symptoms of fruit rot were observed 3 d after inoculations at 28ºC. Fruit infections only occurred in artificially wounded melons, and F. annulatum was re-isolated from the wounds. This disease appeared after fruit harvesting, and could generate substantial economic losses mainly in fruit destined for foreign markets due to long transportation times. This is the first report of melon fruit rot caused by F. annulatum in Spain.
{"title":"Fusarium annulatum causes Fusarium rot of cantaloupe melons in Spain","authors":"M. A. Parra, J. Gómez, Fulgencio Wadi Aguilar, Juan A. Martinez","doi":"10.36253/phyto-13454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/phyto-13454","url":null,"abstract":"During the summer of 2018, there was high incidence of fruit rots of cantaloupe melons (Cucumis melo var. cantalupensis) in Murcia province, south-eastern Spain. The fruits showed development of whitish mycelium and pulp softening. Morphological and molecular analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1-α) and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase (RPB2) genes confirmed Fusarium annulatum as the causal agent of the disease. A phylogenetic study indicated that F. annulatum is in the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFSC). Pathogenicity of the isolate was determined on healthy fruit verifying Koch’s postulates. The first symptoms of fruit rot were observed 3 d after inoculations at 28ºC. Fruit infections only occurred in artificially wounded melons, and F. annulatum was re-isolated from the wounds. This disease appeared after fruit harvesting, and could generate substantial economic losses mainly in fruit destined for foreign markets due to long transportation times. This is the first report of melon fruit rot caused by F. annulatum in Spain.","PeriodicalId":20165,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathologia Mediterranea","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45572314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdraouf Sadallah, S. Minutillo, F. Valentini, M. Raimondo, F. Lops, A. Carlucci, A. Ippolito, A. D’ONGHIA
Pleurostoma richardsiae is associated with host trunk diseases, known to cause dieback, cankers and wilting of woody trees, and human infections. This fungus was isolated from wood tissues of declining olive trees and grapevines showing esca disease symptoms, in the Apulia region of Italy. Fungus detection has been based on morphological and molecular features, which are time-consuming to identify and require well-trained personnel. Improvement of Pl. richardsiae detection in olive was achieved through development of real time loop-mediated isothermal amplification targeting the intergenic spacer (IGS) region of the fungus. Specificity of the assay was confirmed using ten Pl. richardsiae strains and 36 other fungus strains of species usually isolated from declining olive trees. The achieved limit of detection was 7.5 × 10-2 ng μL-1 of Pl. richardsiae genomic DNA. A preliminary validation of RealAmp was also performed using material from infected olive plants artificially inoculated in a greenhouse.
richardepleurostoma与宿主树干疾病有关，已知会引起枯死、溃烂和木本树木枯萎，以及人类感染。这种真菌是从意大利阿普利亚地区表现出埃斯卡病症状的橄榄树和葡萄藤的木材组织中分离出来的。真菌检测是基于形态学和分子特征，这是费时的识别和需要训练有素的人员。通过开发针对菌种间间隔区(IGS)的实时环介导等温扩增技术，改进了橄榄中Pl. richardsiae的检测方法。用10株plicrichardsiae菌种和36株通常从凋落橄榄树中分离的菌种证实了该方法的特异性。该方法的检出限为7.5 × 10-2 ng μL-1。RealAmp的初步验证还使用了在温室中人工接种的受感染橄榄植株的材料。
{"title":"A real time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RealAmp) assay for rapid detection of Pleurostoma richardsiae in declining olive plants","authors":"Abdraouf Sadallah, S. Minutillo, F. Valentini, M. Raimondo, F. Lops, A. Carlucci, A. Ippolito, A. D’ONGHIA","doi":"10.36253/phyto-12748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36253/phyto-12748","url":null,"abstract":"Pleurostoma richardsiae is associated with host trunk diseases, known to cause dieback, cankers and wilting of woody trees, and human infections. This fungus was isolated from wood tissues of declining olive trees and grapevines showing esca disease symptoms, in the Apulia region of Italy. Fungus detection has been based on morphological and molecular features, which are time-consuming to identify and require well-trained personnel. Improvement of Pl. richardsiae detection in olive was achieved through development of real time loop-mediated isothermal amplification targeting the intergenic spacer (IGS) region of the fungus. Specificity of the assay was confirmed using ten Pl. richardsiae strains and 36 other fungus strains of species usually isolated from declining olive trees. The achieved limit of detection was 7.5 × 10-2 ng μL-1 of Pl. richardsiae genomic DNA. A preliminary validation of RealAmp was also performed using material from infected olive plants artificially inoculated in a greenhouse.","PeriodicalId":20165,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathologia Mediterranea","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43445484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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