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A review of the application of nanoparticles as collectors in ion flotation 纳米颗粒作为捕收剂在离子浮选中的应用综述
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.37190/ppmp/176040
Arash Sobouti, Bahram Rezai, F. S. Hoseinian
Ion flotation is one of the most promising and unique methods for reducing or removing toxic heavy metal ions, organic pollutants, or inorganic anions and cations from mining and metallurgical wastewaters. It is a cost-effective and convenient method. In ion flotation, surface-active ions are removed from aqueous solutions by adding surfactants. Therefore, the main purpose of this review article was to summarize the application of various surfactants (nanoparticle surfactants, chemical synthetic surfactants and biosurfactants) used in ion flotation. Then, the advantages, disadvantages, and prospects of surfactants were comprehensively discussed. Recent progress regarding nanoparticle surfactants in ion flotation and the mechanism of colligends binding with nanoparticles were evaluated.
离子浮选法是减少或去除采矿和冶金废水中有毒重金属离子、有机污染物或无机阴阳离子的最有前途的独特方法之一。这是一种成本效益高且方便的方法。在离子浮选法中,通过添加表面活性剂从水溶液中去除表面活性离子。因此,本综述文章的主要目的是总结各种表面活性剂(纳米粒子表面活性剂、化学合成表面活性剂和生物表面活性剂)在离子浮选中的应用。然后,全面讨论了表面活性剂的优缺点和前景。评估了纳米颗粒表面活性剂在离子浮选中的最新进展以及胶体与纳米颗粒的结合机理。
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引用次数: 0
The influence of air inlet layout on the inner flow field for a vertical turbo air classifier 进气口布局对立式涡轮空气分级机内部流场的影响
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-26 DOI: 10.37190/ppmp/175859
Yuan Yu, Xingshuai Li, Yu Zhang, Zhiwei Jiao, Jiaxiang Liu
In this study, the influence of air inlet layout on the flow field distribution and particle movement trajectory for the vertical turbo air classifier are analyzed comparatively using the numerical simulation method. The air inlet layout adjustment can increase the axial velocity and turbulent dissipation rate at the feeding inlet and do not generate the axial negative velocity, which improves powder material pneumatic transportation and dispersion capacity; the air inlet layout adjustment can match the airflow rotation direction with the rotation direction of the rotor cage, which can eliminate the vortices in the rotor cage channel effectively. Moreover, the particle movement time is shortened and fast classification is completed, which can decrease the particle agglomeration probability and weaken the ‘fish-hook’ effect. The optimization scheme of the air inlet layout is Type-BC. In accordance with the numerical simulation results, the calcium carbonate classification experimental results indicate that the classification performance of the classifier is improved using Type-BC.
本研究采用数值模拟方法,比较分析了进气布局对立式涡轮空气分级机流场分布和颗粒运动轨迹的影响。进风口布局调整可提高进料口的轴向流速和湍流耗散率,不产生轴向负流速,提高了粉体物料的气力输送和分散能力;进风口布局调整可使气流旋转方向与转笼旋转方向相匹配,有效消除转笼通道内的涡流。此外,颗粒运动时间缩短,完成快速分级,可降低颗粒团聚概率,削弱 "鱼钩 "效应。进气口布局的优化方案为 Type-BC。与数值模拟结果一致,碳酸钙分级实验结果表明,采用 Type-BC 分级机的分级性能得到了改善。
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引用次数: 0
An investigation into using benzohydroxamic acid as a collector for sulfide minerals 将苯羟肟酸用作硫化矿物收集剂的研究
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-26 DOI: 10.37190/ppmp/175662
S. Mohammadi-Jam, Ziyi Li, Neil Rose, Kristian E. Waters
The mining industry aims to promote responsible chemical use during mineral processing operations to minimize the chemical contamination. Hydroxamic acids, which can form strong chelates with metals, have been shown to have less health and environmental issues when compared to xanthate collectors. In this work, the performance of benzohydroxamic acid (BHA) as a collector for galena, chalcopyrite, and quartz was evaluated. The minerals were conditioned with different concentrations (1.5, 3, and 4.5 kg/t) of collector at pHs 8, 9, and 10. The result showed that the treatment of the mineral surfaces with BHA enhanced the flotation recoveries of the sulfide minerals. High concentrations of benzohydroxamate anion, the protonic dissociation product of BHA, existed at basic pHs, where a chemical reaction between the anion and a metal cation on the mineral surface resulted in the adsorption of the collector onto the mineral surface. The microflotation results showed that the BHA collector was able to successfully recover galena and chalcopyrite. Their flotation recovery was dependent on the conditioning pH. Galena showed a high flotation recovery (up to 86%) at both pH 9 and 10, whereas chalcopyrite became most hydrophobic at pH values of 8 and 9 (up to 88%). None of the BHA concentrations or conditioning pHs was able to enhance quartz recovery beyond 7%. The research results have implications in the application of BHA for the froth flotation of galena and chalcopyrite.
采矿业旨在促进在矿物加工过程中负责任地使用化学品,以尽量减少化学污染。羟肟酸可以与金属形成强螯合物,与黄原酸盐捕收剂相比,羟肟酸的健康和环境问题较少。在这项工作中,对苯羟肟酸(BHA)作为方铅矿、黄铜矿和石英的收集器的性能进行了评估。在 pH 值为 8、9 和 10 的条件下,使用不同浓度(1.5、3 和 4.5 千克/吨)的捕集剂对矿物进行处理。结果表明,用 BHA 处理矿物表面可提高硫化物矿物的浮选回收率。在碱性 pH 值下,BHA 的质子解离产物苯羟氨酸盐阴离子浓度较高,阴离子与矿物表面的金属阳离子发生化学反应,导致矿物表面吸附捕收剂。微浮选结果表明,BHA 捕收剂能够成功回收方铅矿和黄铜矿。它们的浮选回收率取决于调节 pH 值。方铅矿在 pH 值为 9 和 10 时的浮选回收率较高(高达 86%),而黄铜矿在 pH 值为 8 和 9 时的疏水性最强(高达 88%)。任何一种 BHA 浓度或调节 pH 值都无法将石英的回收率提高到 7% 以上。研究结果对应用 BHA 浮选方铅矿和黄铜矿具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Preparation of magnesium hydroxide by modifier-directed hydration and its effect on flame retardancy and mechanical properties of polypropylene 通过改性剂定向水合制备氢氧化镁及其对聚丙烯阻燃性和机械性能的影响
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-26 DOI: 10.37190/ppmp/175706
Mei Jia Wang, Li Mei Bai, MengTing Zhang, Yu Xin Ma, Liu Cheng Zhao, Shao Ying Li
With the rapid development of the polymer materials industry and the improvement of people's environmental awareness, magnesium hydroxide has been widely used in polymer materials due to its high decomposition temperature, non-toxic smoke suppression, and the advantages of neutralizing harmful gases produced by polymer combustion. However, the conventional preparation methods of magnesium hydroxide exhibit several issues, including high hydrophilicity, elevated polarity, and limited compatibility with polymers. This research proposes an improved method by adding sodium stearate and KH560 modifier, controlling the rate of magnesium oxide and preparing magnesium hydroxide flame retardants using a modifier-directed hydration method. Various characterizations confirmed its morphology, particle size and structure. The magnesium hydroxide exhibits low polarity, small particle size, stable structure and excellent hydrophobicity (with a contact angle of 120.32°, and a free energy of 1.34mN/m). In parallel, the magnesium hydroxide/polypropylene composites demonstrate excellent flame retardancy (LOI of 25%, V-1 grade) and simultaneously enhance the dispersion of magnesium hydroxide within the polypropylene matrix, improving the material's toughness and strength.
随着高分子材料行业的快速发展和人们环保意识的提高,氢氧化镁因其分解温度高、无毒抑烟、可中和聚合物燃烧产生的有害气体等优点,在高分子材料中得到了广泛应用。然而,氢氧化镁的传统制备方法存在亲水性强、极性大、与聚合物的相容性有限等问题。本研究提出了一种改进方法,即添加硬脂酸钠和 KH560 改性剂,控制氧化镁的速率,并采用改性剂引导水合法制备氢氧化镁阻燃剂。各种表征证实了其形态、粒度和结构。氢氧化镁具有极性低、粒度小、结构稳定和优异的疏水性(接触角为 120.32°,自由能为 1.34mN/m)。与此同时,氢氧化镁/聚丙烯复合材料还具有优异的阻燃性(LOI 为 25%,V-1 级),同时增强了氢氧化镁在聚丙烯基体中的分散性,提高了材料的韧性和强度。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental study of quartz classification in the enhanced gravity field using Falcon concentrator 使用猎鹰浓缩机对增强重力场中的石英进行分级的实验研究
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.37190/ppmp/175242
Ling Zhang, Lu Yang, Yan Zhao, Haochun Hou, Zeliang Zhang, Cai-Hong Bu, Jun Lin, Xinran Zheng, Dong Fu
The classification and separation of minerals happen in the traditional gravity separation simultaneously. This paper focuses on the classification performance of quartz particles in the enhanced gravity field. The classification efficiency of single quartz particles decreased then increased with the increase of rotational angular velocity, while it decreased with the increase of backwash water pressure. The classification efficiency of -0.5 +0.25mm, -0.25 +0.125mm, -0.125 +0.074mm, -0.074 +0.045mm and -0.045mm quartz was higher than the corresponding narrow size of -0.5mm quartz in general. The “fish-hook” phenomenon appeared in the partition curve of -0.5mm quartz under small/large rotational angular velocity and small backwash water pressure, and the dip point could be found in fine particles region, which indicated that the “fish-hook” was closely related with operating parameters and particle size. A medium rotational angular velocity and larger backwash water pressure could be helpful to avoid the appearance of “fish-hook” in fine particles region and achieve a better classification performance. This investigation is beneficial to understand the regularity of particle migration in the enhanced gravity field.
矿物的分级和分离是在传统的重力分离中同时进行的。本文重点研究了石英颗粒在增强重力场中的分级性能。单个石英颗粒的分级效率随旋转角速度的增加先降低后升高,而随反洗水压力的增加则降低。一般来说,-0.5 +0.25mm、-0.25 +0.125mm、-0.125 +0.074mm、-0.074 +0.045mm和-0.045mm石英的分级效率要高于相应的窄粒径-0.5mm石英。在小/大旋转角速度和小反洗水压条件下,-0.5 毫米石英的分区曲线出现了 "鱼钩 "现象,在细颗粒区域可以找到浸点,这表明 "鱼钩 "现象与操作参数和粒度密切相关。中等旋转角速度和较大的反冲洗水压有助于避免在细颗粒区域出现 "鱼钩 "现象,从而获得更好的分级性能。这项研究有助于了解颗粒在增强重力场中迁移的规律性。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of a capacity increase in AG milling of copper slag 铜渣 AG 研磨能力提升评估
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.37190/ppmp/175181
Metin Nurullah Can, Orberk Mercan
The verification of the desired capacity increase in the grinding circuits is performed by simulation studies as they suggest accurate and fast alternatives compared to expensive and labor-intensive methods, particularly for the evaluation of situations that require investment. In this study, simulation was used to evaluate the alternatives that can be made to increase the capacity from 38.86 tph to 90 tph in a grinding circuit where copper slag is autogenously milled. The slag sample was characterized by drop weight and abrasion tests to describe the breakage in autogenous (AG) milling. The performances of the existing circuit and equipment were determined by a comprehensive sampling study, and modeling studies were carried out to form the basis of the simulations. Simulation scenarios were evaluated as investment free and investment requiring alternatives. In the investment free option changing fresh feed size distribution was examined however, capacity could be increased up to only 42 tph. In investment option, increasing the mill motor capacities was simulated and 90 tph target throughput was provided. This result was validated in the plant by replacement of mill motors of AG and pebble mill for 1000 kW and 750 kW, respectively.
通过模拟研究来验证磨矿回路所需的产能提升,因为与昂贵的劳动密集型方法相比,模拟研究能提供准确、快速的替代方案,尤其是在评估需要投资的情况时。在本研究中,模拟研究用于评估将铜渣自动研磨的研磨回路的产能从 38.86 吨/小时提高到 90 吨/小时的替代方案。矿渣样品通过落重和磨损测试进行表征,以描述自磨(AG)过程中的破碎情况。通过全面的取样研究确定了现有回路和设备的性能,并进行了建模研究,为模拟奠定了基础。模拟方案分为无投资方案和需投资方案。在免投资方案中,对改变新鲜给料粒度分布进行了研究,但产能最多只能提高到 42 吨/小时。在投资方案中,模拟了增加磨机电机功率的情况,目标产量为 90 吨/小时。通过将 AG 磨机和鹅卵石磨机的电机功率分别更换为 1000 千瓦和 750 千瓦,这一结果在工厂中得到了验证。
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引用次数: 0
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Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
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