Pigment & Resin Technology最新文献

Purpose

This study aims to explore the synthesis, characteristics and utilization of polymer composites integrated with cutting-edge pigments.

Design/methodology/approach

The incorporation of advanced pigments introduces functionalities such as enhanced mechanical strength, thermal stability, ultraviolet resistance and color stability, thus extending the range of applications in diverse fields including automotive, aerospace, electronics and construction.

Findings

This review discusses the mechanisms underlying the property enhancements achieved through the incorporation of advanced pigments and highlights recent developments in the field.

Originality/value

Polymer composites incorporating advanced pigments have garnered significant attention in recent years because of their potential to enhance various material properties and broaden their applications. This paper explores the fabrication methods of polymer composites reinforced with organic/inorganic advanced pigments in brief along with their characteristics and applications.

Purpose

This study aims to produce composite pigments, including SHS/ZnAl-LDHs, IDS/ZnAl-LDHs and SNND/ZnAl-LDHs, with improved coloration, enhanced photostability and thermostability and biocompatibility.

Design/methodology/approach

The chemical structures of the composite pigments were characterized by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Photostability and thermal stability were assessed using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and colorimetry. The coverage of the dyes was determined through black-and-white tile testing, and specific RGB values were used to indicate color expressiveness. Finally, a four-color eyeshadow was formulated, and safety tests were conducted via human patch test and cellular assays to confirm the safety and reliability of the samples.

Findings

The experimental results demonstrate an enhancement in the photo and thermal stability of the SHS/ZnAl-LDHs, IDS/ZnAl-LDHs and SNND/ZnAl-LDHs composites, along with their superior performance in terms of covering power and color saturation. These composite pigments also exhibit high safety, making them well-suited for cosmetic applications.

Practical implications

The composite pigments based on hydrotalcite can be used in the cosmetic industry without causing any harm to the environment and human health.

Originality/value

The addition of hydrotalcite enables better application of pigments in cosmetics.

Purpose

This paper aims to find the effective 3D printing process parameters based on mechanical characteristics such as tensile strength and hardness of poly lactic acid (PLA)/carbon fibre composites (CF-PLA) by implementing intelligent frameworks.

Design/methodology/approach

The experiment trials are conducted based on design of experiments (DoE) using Taguchi L9 orthogonal array with three factors (speed, infill % and pattern type) and three levels. The factors have been optimized by solving the regression equation which is obtained from analysis of variance (ANOVA). The contour plots are generated by response surface methodology (RSM). The influencing parameters are found by using Box–Behnken design. The second order response surface model demonstrated the optimal combination of input parameters for higher tensile strength and hardness.

Findings

The influencing parameters are found by using Box–Behnken design. The second order response surface model demonstrated the optimal combination of input parameters for higher tensile strength and hardness. The results obtained from RSM are also confirmed by implementing the machine learning classifiers, such as logistic regression, ridge classifier, random forest, K nearest neighbour and support vector classifier (SVC). The results show that the SVC can predict the optimized process parameters with an accuracy of 95.65%.

Originality/value

3D printing parameters which are considered in this work such as pattern types for PLA/CF-PLA composites based on intelligent frameworks has not been attempted previously.

Purpose

For the sake of sustainable development and environmental preservation, it is crucial to develop UV-curable coatings composed of renewable resources. Castor oil, being both bio-based and economical, serves as the focal point of this research paper. The purpose of this research paper is to synthesize, formulate and apply a UV-curable biobased oligomer ECOSAGMA as a wood coating, with a focus on sustainable development and environmental preservation. Castor oil, being both bio-based and economical, serves as the focal point of this research paper.

Design/methodology/approach

ECOSAGMA was prepared by reacting epoxidized castor oil with sebacic acid, followed by reaction with glycidyl methacrylate through ring opening reaction. The chemical structure of ECOSAGMA was confirmed by Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy, 13C-NMR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The synthesized oligomer was used for UV-curable coating formulations by combining it with varying amounts of TMPTA from 10 to 40 wt.% and studied for their rheological properties. The UV curable formulations were co-photopolymerized into thin coatings and were thoroughly examined based on thermal, chemical and mechanical properties.

Findings

The UV-cured coating containing ECOSAGMA and TMPTA exhibits exceptional mechanical, chemical and thermal properties, underscoring their potential for deployment in real-world application. It is observed that an increase in the concentration of TMPTA is associated with a notable enhancement in the properties of the UV-cured coatings. The UV-cured wood coating, composed of 40 wt.% TMPTA, demonstrates remarkable stain resistance properties.

Originality/value

In conclusion, by embracing eco-friendly and economically conscious principles., it is evident that this synthesized novel castor oil-based oligomer offers a range of valuable properties to the coating such as stain resistance and thermal stability as well as characteristics such as gloss, hardness, adhesion and chemical resistance.

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the use of rose petals rich in bioactive components possessing several health benefits in the form of pigmented sweetened rose petals crush (P SRP C) at varying levels in the formulation of cookies to develop consumerfavored natural flavored food products.

Design/methodology/approach

PSRPC was used as functional ingredient in millet cookies at varying levels of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. Developed cookies were evaluated for physical parameters, bioactive components along with their associated antioxidant activity, texture (hardness, fracturability), surface morphology and molecular interactions. Most acceptable cookies were selected on the basis of sensory evaluation.

Findings

Cookies formulated from millet flour were significantly different from wheat flour cookies. Furthermore, the incorporation of PSRPC in millet cookies increased the total phenolic content, flavonoid content and antioxidant activity. Texture analysis results showed that cookies with higher level of PSRPC had lower hardness and fracturability. PSRPC-incorporated cookies were darker and redder due to the pigments found in rose. Surface morphology and functional groups were altered on addition of PSRPC. Cookies incorporated with 10% PSRPC were highly acceptable on the basis of sensory score.

Originality/value

The current study developed newer conditions for development of cookies from PSRPC. Results foresee the potential of PSRPC as a functional ingredient in value-added food products having health benefits.

Purpose

This study aims to prepare activated carbon (AC) and activated biochar (BC) from sugarcane bagasse (SCB) can be used as carbon black (CB) replacement for styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) composites cured by electron beam (EB) radiation.

Design/methodology/approach

This study is carried out to investigate the effect of partial replacement of CB (as traditional filler) by AC or BC prepared from low-cost agricultural wastes (SCB) to improve the properties of SBR rubber cured by EB radiation (doses from 25 to 150 kGy).

Findings

The results indicated that the addition of AC or BC leads to improve the physical and mechanical properties of SBR with increasing irradiation dose [especially at concentration of 10 parts per hundred part of rubber (phr) from BC]. Also in this study, this paper examines how exposure of SBR rubber composites to ultraviolet (UV) radiation changes the mechanical properties for these composites, to do that, the specimens were examined before and after they were exposed to UV radiation for 300 h. The results showed that, the irradiated SBR composites, UV exposure, exhibit better retention in mechanical properties as compared with unirradiated ones, and the samples loaded with CB hybrid with ACs had an increased value of tensile strength (TS) retention as compared with blank sample.

Originality/value

The importance of this study is that, the production of AC from SCB offers a huge opportunity to overcome the problem of the disposal of SCB.

Purpose

This study aims to fabricate a novel electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding composite aerogel with both thermal insulation and high temperature warning functions.

Design/methodology/approach

An emerging bio-based polypyrrole (PPy) gel/Fe₃O₄/calcium alginate (PFC) EMI shielding composite aerogel was prepared by freeze-drying and in situ polymerization method. First, Fe₃O₄/calcium alginate (CA) aerogel was obtained by freeze-drying the Fe₃O₄/CA mixture. Then, PPy/Fe₃O₄/CA was obtained by synthesizing PPy on the surface of CA/Fe₃O₄ aerogel through in situ polymerization. Finally, PPy/Fe₃O₄/CA was immersed in porphyrin solution (cross-linking agent) to get the final PFC EMI shielding composite aerogel.

Findings

Due to the matched impedance between Fe₃O₄ and PPy, the EMI shielding performance of PFC composite aerogel can reach up to −8 dB. In addition, the PFC EMI shielding composite aerogel also shows excellent self-extinguishing and thermal insulation properties. After leaving the flame, the burning PFC aerogel is quickly extinguished. When the PFC aerogel is placed on the heating plate at 230 °C, the temperature on the side of the aerogel away from the heating plate is only 90.3 °C after 5 min of heating. The electrical resistance of the PFC composite aerogel can be reduced from 3.62 × 104 O to 5 × 102 O to trigger the warning light after 3 s of exposure to the alcohol lamp flame. This reversible thermal resistance response characteristic can be used to give an early warning signal when the PFC encounters high temperature or flame.

Originality/value

This work provides a novel strategy for designing a multifunctional EMI shielding composite aerogel with repeatable high temperature warning performance. This PFC composite aerogel shows potential applications in the prevention of material combustion in high temperature electromagnetic environments.

Purpose

This paper aims to compare the surface roughness and hardness of three commercially available self-curing acrylic resins for dental use, under different polymerization conditions.

Design/methodology/approach

A comparative in vitro study was conducted using a convenience sample of 12 × 5 × 2 mm blocks with n = 40 for each material (Nic Tone, Arias Plus and Orthocryl®), with subgroups according to the polymerization method: conventional (C) and polymerization under ambient conditions (A). The surface roughness of the materials was measured using a profilometer; hardness was measured with a portable hardness tester. Additionally, surface morphology as well as particles size and morphology were evaluated with scanning electron microscopy.

Findings

There were significant differences in roughness and hardness values between the three self-curing acrylic resins (p < 0.05), as well as within each self-curing acrylic resin according to the polymerization method used (p < 0.05). The samples polymerized with the conventional method presented lower surface roughness and hardness values.

Originality/value

This study provides scientific evidence of values not provided by manufacturers in relation to the surface roughness and hardness of these materials, and all of them met the ideal minimum values of surface roughness, regardless of the polymerization technique used.

Purpose

Due to the important and extensive use of graphene in the engineering structures, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the low-velocity impact (LVI) response of a graphene-reinforced plate with a rectangular central hole.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, Halpin-Tsai theory is used to model the mechanical properties of the plate made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin and graphene particles. First, the plate displacement field is presented, and then the strains and stresses are obtained. The motion equations are extracted using energy equations, Ritz method and generalized Lagrange equations. The verification of theoretical formulation shall be carried out using the ABAQUS finite element software suite.

Findings

The effects of graphene volume fraction, approaching the impact point to the corner of the rectangular plate, and different boundary conditions of the plate are studied for LVI of impactor with spherical tip on the rectangular central hole reinforced by graphene. Important responses of the impact, such as the contact force between the impactor and the plate as well as the displacement of the plate at the impact place, are investigated and analyzed in this research.

Originality/value

Considering the wide application of graphene in the engineering structures, the simulation of the LVI on the graphene-reinforced plate made of PMMA resin with a rectangular central hole is carried out in this paper using numerical and theoretical modeling.

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop an inorganic-organic hybrid emulsion polymer using grafted hyperbranched alkyd modified with nanometal oxide and to study the performance of the developed hybrid emulsion in paint formulation with respect to antimicrobial and other properties.

Design/methodology/approach

A novel hybrid emulsion polymer was synthesized by grafting of vinyl acetate (VAM), vinyl ester of versatic acid (VeoVa 10) monomers onto hyperbranched alkyd resin and incorporation of nano magnesium oxide (MgO) into the hybrid resin matrix during dispersion of resin in water. Subsequently, paint was prepared by using this hybrid emulsion followed by a performance study.

Findings

The performance of nano MgO modified into VAM and VeoVa 10 grafted hyperbranched alkyd resulted in unique properties of coating especially antimicrobial activity.

Research limitations/implications

In the present study, soya fatty acid, polyol and di basic acid have been used to prepare hyperbranched alkyd by condensation polymerization. Monomers like VAM and VeoVa 10 used for grafting onto hyperbranched alkyd and nano MgO have been incorporated into hybrid resin matrix during emulsification of hybrid resin in water.

Practical implications

Grafting of VAM and VeoVa 10 onto hyperbranched alkyd along with in situ incorporation of nano MgO in resin matrix is an effective technique to achieve excellent coating properties.

Originality/value

Nano MgO modified VAM and VeoVa 10 grafted hyperbranched alkyd-based hybrid emulsion can be used as binder in water-based metal primer, direct to metal (DTM) coating as well as topcoat application. The developed system has antimicrobial properties as well as superior mechanical properties.