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Proceedings of the IEEE 1998 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference. NAECON 1998. Celebrating 50 Years (Cat. No.98CH36185)最新文献

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An Air Force collaborative enterprise environment 空军协作企业环境
G. Tolometti, V. Sannders
A collaborative enterprise environment is an application of advanced distributed simulation and information technology in an integrated environment to support technology development, system design, performance, cost, and producibility trade-off analyses throughout the entire product and system engineering life cycle. The Sensors and Information Directorates, Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) have initiated a major effort to implement a Collaborative Environment (CE) to provide the framework and development methodology required for affordable and timely technology for the 21/sup st/ Century warfighter. This paper discusses AFRL's efforts to support the new Air Force vision and to maximize its internal business processes through enterprise-wide cooperation. The paper discusses the need for a CE as a result of Acquisition Reform and Simulation-based Acquisition; describes CE and how the framework supports enterprise-wide collaboration of multidisciplinary expertise; and describes a CE technical architecture and the new technologies that distinguish it from conventional distributed processing systems.
协作企业环境是集成环境中先进的分布式仿真和信息技术的应用,以支持贯穿整个产品和系统工程生命周期的技术开发、系统设计、性能、成本和可生产性权衡分析。美国空军研究实验室(AFRL)的传感器和信息局已经开始了一项实施协同环境(CE)的重大努力,为21世纪作战人员提供可负担和及时的技术所需的框架和开发方法。本文讨论了AFRL为支持新的空军愿景所做的努力,并通过企业范围的合作最大化其内部业务流程。本文讨论了采办改革和基于仿真的采办对CE的需求;描述CE以及该框架如何支持企业范围内多学科专业知识的协作;描述了一种CE技术体系结构以及区别于传统分布式处理系统的新技术。
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引用次数: 1
Dielectric characterization of microwave assisted chemically vapor deposited diamond 微波辅助化学气相沉积金刚石的介电特性
S. Heidger, S. Fries-Carr, J. Weimer, B. Jordan, R. Wu
Freestanding polycrystalline diamond films produced by Microwave Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition (MWCVD) were investigated for high power and high temperature electronic applications. The diamond films were deposited on polished tungsten substrates using 5000 W to I500 W power, 15.33 kPa pressure, methane-hydrogen-oxygen precursor gas between 0.5% CH/sub 4/ and 95% CH/sub 4/, oxygen/carbon ratio between 0 and 0.33, and temperature from 600/spl deg/C to 900/spl deg/C. The diamond film parted from the substrate as the samples cooled after deposition due to the difference in the thermal expansion coefficients of diamond and tungsten. Cohesive freestanding films of randomly oriented polycrystalline diamond were obtained ranging from 10 /spl mu/m to 150 /spl mu/m thick Either aluminum or tungsten metal contacts were deposited on the diamond to form parallel plate capacitors. Electrical measurements were performed before and after annealing. The dielectric constant and the loss tangent at temperatures from 23/spl deg/C to 300/spl deg/C were determined from capacitance measurements over a 20 Hz to 1 MHz frequency range. The effect of methane concentration, oxygen concentration, deposition temperature and annealing on the frequency and temperature stability of the dielectric properties of CVD diamond capacitors was investigated. Dielectric constants ranging between 8.0 and 4.2 and resistivities between 1/spl times/10/sup 8/ ohm-cm and 5/spl times/10/sup 14/ ohm-cm were obtained for the diamond samples.
研究了微波等离子体化学气相沉积(MWCVD)制备的独立多晶金刚石薄膜在高功率和高温电子领域的应用。金刚石薄膜在抛光钨衬底上的沉积条件为:功率为5000 W ~ 500 W,压力为15.33 kPa,甲烷-氢-氧前驱体气体为0.5% CH/sub - 4/ ~ 95% CH/sub - 4/,氧碳比为0 ~ 0.33,温度为600 ~ 900℃。由于金刚石和钨的热膨胀系数不同,在沉积后样品冷却时,金刚石膜与衬底分离。通过在金刚石表面沉积铝或钨金属触点形成平行板电容器,获得了厚度为10 ~ 150 μ l μ m的随机取向聚晶金刚石内聚独立薄膜。在退火前后进行了电气测量。在20 Hz至1 MHz频率范围内,通过电容测量确定了介电常数和损耗切线在23/spl°C至300/spl°C温度范围内。研究了甲烷浓度、氧气浓度、沉积温度和退火对CVD金刚石电容器介电性能频率和温度稳定性的影响。金刚石样品的介电常数为8.0 ~ 4.2,电阻率为1/spl × /10/sup 8/欧姆-cm ~ 5/spl × /10/sup 14/欧姆-cm。
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引用次数: 3
Target recognition based on characteristic polarizations, in the optics region 在光学领域,基于特征偏振的目标识别
Tao Huamin, Zhang Zhiqun
In this paper, characteristic polarizations are used to describe the stability properties of target's spatial polarization structure in optics region on the wideband polarimetric radar. On this basis, polarization features are extracted to classify four kinds of aircraft. Recognition results show that these features are insensitive to target's posture to a great extent and this method based on characteristic polarization is effective and feasible.
本文采用特征极化来描述宽带极化雷达光学区目标空间极化结构的稳定性。在此基础上,提取极化特征,对四种飞机进行分类。结果表明,这些特征在很大程度上对目标姿态不敏感,基于特征极化的识别方法是有效可行的。
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引用次数: 2
Rapid retargeting a solution to electronic systems obsolescence 快速重新定位电子系统过时的解决方案
G. Fitzhugh
In 1993, the Office of Naval Research (ONR), in conjunction with the Undersecretary of the Navy for Research, Development, and Acquisition established a program known as Technology for Affordability. That program is executed today in many of the Navy's weapon systems procurements and is specifically resident in two ONR programs: Manufacturing Technology and Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR). The technology discussed in this paper was developed under the auspices of the SBIR program and is known as Rapid Retargeting. It is executed through VisiCom Laboratories, Inc., a California-based small business. Rapid Retargeting rehosts existing logic into new hardware technology. This rehosting process begins by extracting the functionality of the target hardware and capturing it in VHSIC Hardware Descriptive Language (VHDL). The resulting software models are simulated and compared with the original hardware for verification. Once verified the models are ported to a new hardware design. Subsequently, parts obsolescence is no longer an issue: software models can be rehosted whenever new technology becomes available.
1993年,海军研究办公室(ONR)与负责研究、开发和采办的海军副部长一起建立了一个名为“可负担技术”的项目。该项目目前在海军的许多武器系统采购中执行,并特别驻留在两个ONR项目中:制造技术和小企业创新研究(SBIR)。本文讨论的技术是在SBIR计划的主持下开发的,被称为快速重定向。它是由VisiCom实验室公司执行的,这是一家总部位于加州的小企业。快速重定向将现有的逻辑重新定位到新的硬件技术中。这个重寄存过程首先提取目标硬件的功能,并用VHSIC硬件描述语言(VHDL)捕获它。对软件模型进行了仿真,并与原始硬件模型进行了对比验证。一旦验证,这些模型将被移植到新的硬件设计中。随后,部件过时不再是一个问题:只要有新技术可用,软件模型就可以重新托管。
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引用次数: 6
In-flight replanning of penetration routes to avoid threat zones of circular shapes 在飞行中重新规划穿透路线以避开圆形威胁区域
S.J. Asseo
In-flight replanning of a strike mission requires the capability of generating survivable penetration routes, quickly and efficiently, with limited computer resources on board the aircraft. Although dynamic programming (DP) has been used traditionally for route generation, it requires quantization of the state space into cells of specified dimensions, and places restrictions on the route to traverse the state space from cell center to cell center along one of the prescribed headings. The algorithm developed avoids threat zones of circular shapes, and is ideal for in-flight replanning of penetration routes. The algorithm is much faster than DP, it generates flyable routes that do not require smoothing, and the run time depends strictly on the number of threats to be avoided, rather than on cell size used for state space quantization. The algorithm uses geometric construction to synthesize routes with linear segments tangent to the threat periphery and circular segments along the threat periphery, and obtains the shortest route between a starting point and a destination point, by using the principle of optimality. The algorithm is validated in a high density threat environment with overlapping threat lethality envelopes of varying sizes, and used to generate various penetration routes.
在飞行中重新规划打击任务需要在飞机上有限的计算机资源下,快速有效地生成可生存的突防路线的能力。虽然动态规划(DP)传统上用于路径生成,但它需要将状态空间量化为指定维度的单元,并对路径进行限制,以沿着规定的标题之一从单元中心遍历状态空间。该算法避免了圆形的威胁区域,是飞行中重新规划突防路线的理想方法。该算法比DP算法快得多,它生成不需要平滑的可飞路由,并且运行时间严格依赖于要避免的威胁的数量,而不是用于状态空间量化的单元大小。该算法采用几何结构,综合了与威胁边缘相切的线段和沿威胁边缘的圆形线段的路径,利用最优性原理,求得起点到终点的最短路径。该算法在具有不同大小的重叠威胁杀伤力包络的高密度威胁环境中进行了验证,并用于生成各种渗透路径。
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引用次数: 14
Aided and unaided operator performance with synthetic aperture radar imagery 合成孔径雷达图像的辅助和非辅助操作性能
J. See, I. Davis, G. Kuperman
The present study examined automatic target cueing (ATC) and target localization performance using realistic synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery presented in either an unaided or aided format. After viewing each SAR patch map, participants identified the location of the target, a transporter-erector-launcher (TEL), and rated their confidence in that decision. Overall, ATC cueing enhanced operators' confidence in their decision making but did not alter their localization accuracy, perceptual sensitivity (d'), or speed relative to the unaided condition. Further analysis revealed, however, that a critical determinant of operator performance and confidence was the "reliability" of the ATC. If all of the ATC's cues were false alarms, performance was worse than if no aiding had been provided at all. On the other hand, performance was most effective when the majority of the cues were centered over man-made vehicles.
本研究使用真实合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像以独立或辅助的形式呈现,检验了自动目标提示(ATC)和目标定位性能。在查看了每个SAR补丁图之后,参与者确定了目标的位置,一个运输-架设-发射装置(TEL),并对他们的决定进行了信心评级。总的来说,ATC提示增强了操作员对决策的信心,但没有改变他们的定位精度、感知灵敏度(d')或相对于无辅助条件下的速度。然而,进一步的分析表明,ATC的“可靠性”是作业者业绩和信心的关键决定因素。如果空中交通管制中心的所有提示都是假警报,那么他们的表现会比完全不提供帮助的情况更糟糕。另一方面,当大多数球杆集中在人造车辆上时,表现最有效。
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引用次数: 2
COTS fibre channel network technology insertion into avionics systems COTS光纤通道网络技术插入航空电子系统
T. Gaska
This paper provides an overview of network architecture, network building block, and network application issues involved in the insertion of Fibre Channel (FC) Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) technology into avionics systems. At the network architecture level, FC supports a simple and low cost Arbitrated Loop (FC-AL) topology which is extensible to fabric switch architectures. A COTS FC testbed is described which has been constructed to characterize FC-AL performance for defined domain-specific avionics scenarios. The testbed is also being used to prototype an avionics multimedia network via integration of FC COTS network controllers and software with streaming video encoders and decoders. Based on lessons learned from the testbed activity and other FC system architecture insertion studies, a set of FC based domain extended products suitable for insertion into avionics systems is identified. Finally future activities required to continue toward a fully capable FC Avionics Multimedia Network (AMN) are described.
本文概述了将光纤通道(FC)商用现货(COTS)技术插入航空电子系统所涉及的网络架构、网络构建块和网络应用问题。在网络架构层面,FC支持简单、低成本的仲裁环路(FC- al)拓扑,可扩展到fabric交换机架构。描述了一个COTS FC试验台,该试验台用于描述特定领域航空电子场景下FC- al性能。该试验台还通过集成FC COTS网络控制器和流视频编码器和解码器软件,用于航空电子多媒体网络原型。基于试验台活动和其他FC系统架构插入研究的经验教训,确定了一套适合插入航空电子系统的基于FC的域扩展产品。最后,描述了为实现全功能FC航空电子多媒体网络(AMN)而需要继续开展的未来活动。
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引用次数: 2
Evaluating thermal and image intensification night vision devices for the ground environment: human factors and usability issues 评估用于地面环境的热和图像增强夜视设备:人为因素和可用性问题
P. Best, D. Collins, D. Piccione, D. Ferrett
The Driver's Vision Enhancer (DVE) program is providing a system to expand the driving envelope for military wheeled and tracked vehicles. The DVE provides the driver with thermal images of the forward scene under night and adverse day conditions. During development, several questions emerged requiring performance-based data to resolve. A comprehensive program to provide the project manager, night vision/reconnaissance, surveillance, and target acquisition with such data was undertaken by DCS Corporation. The program involved several efforts including: the relative merits of the DVE and night vision goggles (NVGs); drivers' ability to detect drop-offs with the DVE and NVGs; and the analysis of drivers' visual behaviors during DVE use. The data collected provides an understanding of how drivers use the DVE in operational settings and suggests areas where training is needed to enhance safety on the battlefield.
驾驶员视觉增强器(DVE)项目为军用轮式和履带式车辆提供扩展驾驶范围的系统。DVE为驾驶员提供夜间和恶劣白天条件下前方场景的热图像。在开发过程中,出现了几个需要基于性能的数据来解决的问题。DCS公司承担了一个全面的项目,为项目经理、夜视/侦察、监视和目标获取提供这些数据。该计划涉及几项工作,包括:DVE和夜视镜(NVGs)的相对优点;驾驶员使用DVE和nvg检测下降的能力;以及驾驶员在使用DVE过程中的视觉行为分析。收集的数据有助于了解驾驶员在操作环境中如何使用DVE,并建议需要进行培训以提高战场安全性的领域。
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引用次数: 5
A direct sequence baseband communications system using programmable logic devices 使用可编程逻辑器件的直接序列基带通信系统
D.W. Brayman, G. Al-Salechi, F. Scarpino
As digital systems grow rapidly in complexity and sophistication, the educational process must provide future developers with experience that incorporates advanced development tools and modem design techniques. However, this cannot be achieved at the expense of relevant theory and traditional design methods on which modem methods are based. Hence, the learning experience must efficiently combine emphasis on classical design principles with an exposure to state-of-the-art tools and techniques. This student project demonstrates the use of hardware description language design with programmable logic devices to develop a digital system of significant complexity, while introducing the basic principles of spread spectrum communications. After 20 years, this latter technology still remains a modern digital approach to reliable communications, and provides a practical and challenging educational application. This paper summarizes the design and full system hardware implementation of a baseband digital direct sequence spread spectrum communication system for classroom demonstration. The system configuration includes a serial transmitter with pseudorandom spreading routine, a receiver with despreader, and other diagnostic equipment.
随着数字系统的复杂性和精密性迅速增长,教育过程必须为未来的开发人员提供结合先进开发工具和现代设计技术的经验。然而,这不能以牺牲现代方法所依据的相关理论和传统设计方法为代价。因此,学习经验必须有效地将强调经典设计原则与暴露于最先进的工具和技术相结合。本学生专题展示了使用硬件描述语言设计和可编程逻辑器件来开发一个非常复杂的数字系统,同时介绍了扩频通信的基本原理。20年后,后一种技术仍然是可靠通信的现代数字方法,并提供了实际和具有挑战性的教育应用。本文概述了一种用于课堂演示的基带数字直接序列扩频通信系统的设计和全系统硬件实现。该系统配置包括具有伪随机扩展例程的串行发送器、具有解扩器的接收器和其他诊断设备。
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引用次数: 0
The advanced intermediate representation with extensibility/common environment (AIRE/CE) 具有可扩展性/公共环境的高级中间表示(AIRE/CE)
J. Willis, G. D. Peterson, S. Gregor
Today's electronic system designers are faced with steadily increasing pressures to deliver greater functionality at less cost in less time. The Advanced Intermediate Representation with Extensibility/Common Environment, AIRE/CE, addresses these pressures by providing fundamentally new capability to both integrate state-of-the-art tool components into a program's design now and exchange partially compiled hardware/system designs.
当今的电子系统设计人员面临着以更短的时间以更低的成本提供更大的功能的压力。具有可扩展性/通用环境的高级中间表示(AIRE/CE)解决了这些压力,它提供了一种全新的能力,既可以将最先进的工具组件集成到程序设计中,又可以交换部分编译的硬件/系统设计。
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引用次数: 15
期刊
Proceedings of the IEEE 1998 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference. NAECON 1998. Celebrating 50 Years (Cat. No.98CH36185)
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