Pub Date : 2002-12-10DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2002.1042755
L. Troudi, S. Aissi, G. Zissis, K. Charrada, M. Sassi
A finite-element analysis code based on the resolution of fluid equations is developed to simulate metal halide discharge lamps. For a realistic modelling of the discharge, many fundamental data are needed, this work is devoted to the computation of the transport coefficients in discharge lamp using thallium iodide doped mercury. For this purpose we have first calculated the plasma composition under local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) condition, then we have computed transport coefficients for different interactions. In the next step chemical model will be coupled to a fluid model to simulate the behaviour of the discharge plasma.
{"title":"Numerical modelling of metal halide discharge lamp","authors":"L. Troudi, S. Aissi, G. Zissis, K. Charrada, M. Sassi","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2002.1042755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2002.1042755","url":null,"abstract":"A finite-element analysis code based on the resolution of fluid equations is developed to simulate metal halide discharge lamps. For a realistic modelling of the discharge, many fundamental data are needed, this work is devoted to the computation of the transport coefficients in discharge lamp using thallium iodide doped mercury. For this purpose we have first calculated the plasma composition under local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) condition, then we have computed transport coefficients for different interactions. In the next step chemical model will be coupled to a fluid model to simulate the behaviour of the discharge plasma.","PeriodicalId":202482,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 2002 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. 37th IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.02CH37344)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117253344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-10DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2002.1044118
L. Pereira, V. Canalli
The paper describes the design and parameter calculation of a five-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine intended for operation as generator connected to the load over a rectifier bridge. The main parameters and machine dimensions are determined using the finite element method in 2 dimensions. Calculated no-load induced voltage and inductances are compared with measured values obtained from a prototype machine. A circuit based mathematical model is also developed and simulated using Matlab/Simulink and the results are used to determine the machine performance as generator. The simulation results are checked versus measured values, and a good agreement between the simulation and measurements was observed. The implemented model gives results with sufficient accuracy, allowing to determine the machine behavior in early design stages. The method described here can be successfully applied for designing and performance calculation of high phase machine.
{"title":"Five-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine operating as generator design, parameter determination by FEM and performance","authors":"L. Pereira, V. Canalli","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2002.1044118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2002.1044118","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes the design and parameter calculation of a five-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine intended for operation as generator connected to the load over a rectifier bridge. The main parameters and machine dimensions are determined using the finite element method in 2 dimensions. Calculated no-load induced voltage and inductances are compared with measured values obtained from a prototype machine. A circuit based mathematical model is also developed and simulated using Matlab/Simulink and the results are used to determine the machine performance as generator. The simulation results are checked versus measured values, and a good agreement between the simulation and measurements was observed. The implemented model gives results with sufficient accuracy, allowing to determine the machine behavior in early design stages. The method described here can be successfully applied for designing and performance calculation of high phase machine.","PeriodicalId":202482,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 2002 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. 37th IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.02CH37344)","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116372672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-10DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2002.1043819
Terrence J. Summers, Robert E. Betz
Current control in inverter driven machine systems is arguably the most important part of the control system. If accurate and rapid current control is achieved then, given the correct reference currents, fast and accurate torque control can be achieved. Unfortunately the implementation of current control in power electronic systems is not ideal. Practical effects can have a significant influence on its performance. This paper examines one of these effects, dead-time, and considers the influence it has on the performance of predictive current controllers (PCCs). The paper presents analysis that shows that PCC implicitly compensates for voltage loss due to dead-time. Also a modified PCC is introduced that reduces the zero current clamp problem caused by dead-time. Simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the analysis and confirm the performance of the new algorithm.
{"title":"Dead-time issues in predictive current control","authors":"Terrence J. Summers, Robert E. Betz","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2002.1043819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2002.1043819","url":null,"abstract":"Current control in inverter driven machine systems is arguably the most important part of the control system. If accurate and rapid current control is achieved then, given the correct reference currents, fast and accurate torque control can be achieved. Unfortunately the implementation of current control in power electronic systems is not ideal. Practical effects can have a significant influence on its performance. This paper examines one of these effects, dead-time, and considers the influence it has on the performance of predictive current controllers (PCCs). The paper presents analysis that shows that PCC implicitly compensates for voltage loss due to dead-time. Also a modified PCC is introduced that reduces the zero current clamp problem caused by dead-time. Simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the analysis and confirm the performance of the new algorithm.","PeriodicalId":202482,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 2002 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. 37th IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.02CH37344)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116696682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-10DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2002.1043801
D. Neacşu, E. Wagner, B. Borowy
One solution for high current applications consists of paralleling power stages of lower power. This paper analyzes and justifies the selection of the PWM algorithm used within interleaved three-phase power inverters with respect to the resulting phase current harmonics, DC link current harmonics, neutral point voltage and inter-converter circulation currents. Analytical aspects of different current control structures used within interleaved power electronics systems and effects of selecting various PWM algorithms are revealed. Finally, analysis of the DSP implementation for different practical solutions is shown.
{"title":"Selection of the PWM algorithm for 3-phase interleaved converters","authors":"D. Neacşu, E. Wagner, B. Borowy","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2002.1043801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2002.1043801","url":null,"abstract":"One solution for high current applications consists of paralleling power stages of lower power. This paper analyzes and justifies the selection of the PWM algorithm used within interleaved three-phase power inverters with respect to the resulting phase current harmonics, DC link current harmonics, neutral point voltage and inter-converter circulation currents. Analytical aspects of different current control structures used within interleaved power electronics systems and effects of selecting various PWM algorithms are revealed. Finally, analysis of the DSP implementation for different practical solutions is shown.","PeriodicalId":202482,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 2002 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. 37th IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.02CH37344)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121399445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-10DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2002.1042719
M. Aydin, Surong Huang, T. Lipo
This paper presents a new axial flux surface mounted permanent magnet (PM) field controlled TORUS type (FCT) machine. Machine structure and principles are explored and the field weakening feature of the topology as well as the advantages of the machine are presented in the first part. The second section introduces the linear model and sizing analysis using generalized sizing equations. Optimization of the machine pole number and power density maximization for the optimum pole number is also achieved. In the third section, 3D finite element analyses (FEA) of the topology are illustrated for different field currents in order to accomplish the machine design and to determine the sizing of the optimum field winding. Furthermore, torque analysis of the FCT machine using 3D finite element analysis is also carried out and illustrated in the paper.
{"title":"A new axial flux surface mounted permanent magnet machine capable of field control","authors":"M. Aydin, Surong Huang, T. Lipo","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2002.1042719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2002.1042719","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new axial flux surface mounted permanent magnet (PM) field controlled TORUS type (FCT) machine. Machine structure and principles are explored and the field weakening feature of the topology as well as the advantages of the machine are presented in the first part. The second section introduces the linear model and sizing analysis using generalized sizing equations. Optimization of the machine pole number and power density maximization for the optimum pole number is also achieved. In the third section, 3D finite element analyses (FEA) of the topology are illustrated for different field currents in order to accomplish the machine design and to determine the sizing of the optimum field winding. Furthermore, torque analysis of the FCT machine using 3D finite element analysis is also carried out and illustrated in the paper.","PeriodicalId":202482,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 2002 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. 37th IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.02CH37344)","volume":"174 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123514417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-10DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2002.1044163
Hyung-Min Ryu, S. Sul
In this paper, the position control system for direct landing of an elevator is addressed. Conventional systems have employed independent microprocessors for speed, car, and group control respectively and the car controller usually generates a velocity command by combining the time-based and distance-based velocity pattern. In the scheme, it is inevitable that an elevator creeps or stops abruptly in the vicinity of target position. The proposed position control system uses only one high-performance microprocessor, which can execute the car and group control algorithm as well as the speed control algorithm. It simply generates the desired position trajectory (s-curve) based on time and corrects on-line a velocity pattern to make the position error zero. Experimental results show the feasibility of the proposed control scheme.
{"title":"Position control for direct landing of elevator using time-based position pattern generation","authors":"Hyung-Min Ryu, S. Sul","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2002.1044163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2002.1044163","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the position control system for direct landing of an elevator is addressed. Conventional systems have employed independent microprocessors for speed, car, and group control respectively and the car controller usually generates a velocity command by combining the time-based and distance-based velocity pattern. In the scheme, it is inevitable that an elevator creeps or stops abruptly in the vicinity of target position. The proposed position control system uses only one high-performance microprocessor, which can execute the car and group control algorithm as well as the speed control algorithm. It simply generates the desired position trajectory (s-curve) based on time and corrects on-line a velocity pattern to make the position error zero. Experimental results show the feasibility of the proposed control scheme.","PeriodicalId":202482,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 2002 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. 37th IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.02CH37344)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121418008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-10DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2002.1044174
C. Kral, F. Pirker, G. Pascoli, E. Wiedenbrug
Short-circuit protection of electrical motors in explosive gas atmosphere, as in underground mines, is an important duty. Short-circuit currents of high magnitude may cause explosions and fire. But even the starting current of an induction motor is a multiple of nominal current. Consequently protection devices should have a high sensitivity to faults. This paper discusses the application of space phasors for the identification of high inertia startups. The complex motor impedance can be calculated from the voltage and current space phasor and runs along a circle during startup. This complex impedance can be used for monitoring and diagnosis purposes.
{"title":"Application of space phasors for the discrimination of short-circuits and high inertia startups","authors":"C. Kral, F. Pirker, G. Pascoli, E. Wiedenbrug","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2002.1044174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2002.1044174","url":null,"abstract":"Short-circuit protection of electrical motors in explosive gas atmosphere, as in underground mines, is an important duty. Short-circuit currents of high magnitude may cause explosions and fire. But even the starting current of an induction motor is a multiple of nominal current. Consequently protection devices should have a high sensitivity to faults. This paper discusses the application of space phasors for the identification of high inertia startups. The complex motor impedance can be calculated from the voltage and current space phasor and runs along a circle during startup. This complex impedance can be used for monitoring and diagnosis purposes.","PeriodicalId":202482,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 2002 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. 37th IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.02CH37344)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121832765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-10DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2002.1043807
P. Loh, D. G. Holmes, Y. Fukuta, T. Lipo
This paper presents carrier-based modulation strategies for cascaded multilevel inverters that substantially eliminate common mode voltage on the output phases. The paper begins by developing generic multilevel inverter reference waveforms that use only "allowed" space vectors to achieve reduced common mode voltage. A graphical technique is then proposed that allows various carrier disposition modulation strategies for a diode clamped inverter to be converted to equivalent modulation of a cascaded inverter for any fundamental reference waveform. This graphical technique is confirmed for both alternative phase opposition disposition (APOD) and phase disposition (PD) equivalent modulation of a cascaded inverter, and is then used to create reduced common mode modulation strategies for cascaded inverters from their equivalent counterparts for diode-clamped inverters under both continuous and discontinuous switching conditions. The strategies have been confirmed by both simulation and experimental results obtained using a cascaded five-level inverter.
{"title":"Reduced common mode carrier-based modulation strategies for cascaded multilevel inverters","authors":"P. Loh, D. G. Holmes, Y. Fukuta, T. Lipo","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2002.1043807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2002.1043807","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents carrier-based modulation strategies for cascaded multilevel inverters that substantially eliminate common mode voltage on the output phases. The paper begins by developing generic multilevel inverter reference waveforms that use only \"allowed\" space vectors to achieve reduced common mode voltage. A graphical technique is then proposed that allows various carrier disposition modulation strategies for a diode clamped inverter to be converted to equivalent modulation of a cascaded inverter for any fundamental reference waveform. This graphical technique is confirmed for both alternative phase opposition disposition (APOD) and phase disposition (PD) equivalent modulation of a cascaded inverter, and is then used to create reduced common mode modulation strategies for cascaded inverters from their equivalent counterparts for diode-clamped inverters under both continuous and discontinuous switching conditions. The strategies have been confirmed by both simulation and experimental results obtained using a cascaded five-level inverter.","PeriodicalId":202482,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 2002 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. 37th IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.02CH37344)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128419266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-10DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2002.1042708
Marco Liserre, A. Dell'Aquila, F. Blaabjerg
Industrial engineers face many nonideal operating conditions in the design of the active rectifiers: too long computation time, presence of acquisition filters, AC phases unbalance, location of the grid voltage sensors after a dominant reactance and passive damping if an LCL-filter is used. The phenomena generated by these conditions are generally nonlinear. Hence the first step is to find out how much each of them affects the system's overall performance. Then new rules for the tuning of the controllers can be developed on the basis of the analysis of the transient behavior and of the steady state harmonic content of the DC voltage and of the AC current. This procedure is developed in this paper through simulations and laboratory tests.
{"title":"Design and control of a three-phase active rectifier under non-ideal operating conditions","authors":"Marco Liserre, A. Dell'Aquila, F. Blaabjerg","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2002.1042708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2002.1042708","url":null,"abstract":"Industrial engineers face many nonideal operating conditions in the design of the active rectifiers: too long computation time, presence of acquisition filters, AC phases unbalance, location of the grid voltage sensors after a dominant reactance and passive damping if an LCL-filter is used. The phenomena generated by these conditions are generally nonlinear. Hence the first step is to find out how much each of them affects the system's overall performance. Then new rules for the tuning of the controllers can be developed on the basis of the analysis of the transient behavior and of the steady state harmonic content of the DC voltage and of the AC current. This procedure is developed in this paper through simulations and laboratory tests.","PeriodicalId":202482,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 2002 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. 37th IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.02CH37344)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128846184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-10DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2002.1044067
Zhanfeng Deng, Xinjian Jiang, Dongqi Zhu
In this paper, a novel hybrid filter topology is proposed. It consists of a novel passive filter and an active filter connected in series. The passive filter is composed of a 3/sup rd/- and a 9/sup th/- tuned filter branch and a high-pass filter branch. Each branch includes three star-connected capacitors and an inductor (and an extra resistor in the high-pass branch) connected in series. As the capacitors withstand all the nonzero sequence voltage, the voltage rating of the active filter is reduced substantially. Moreover, there are only zero-sequence fundamental and harmonic currents flowing in the inductors and the active filter, resulting in a reduction of the current ratings. Experimental results from a prototype conform the feasibility of the proposed topology.
{"title":"A novel hybrid filter to cancel the neutral harmonic current","authors":"Zhanfeng Deng, Xinjian Jiang, Dongqi Zhu","doi":"10.1109/IAS.2002.1044067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.2002.1044067","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a novel hybrid filter topology is proposed. It consists of a novel passive filter and an active filter connected in series. The passive filter is composed of a 3/sup rd/- and a 9/sup th/- tuned filter branch and a high-pass filter branch. Each branch includes three star-connected capacitors and an inductor (and an extra resistor in the high-pass branch) connected in series. As the capacitors withstand all the nonzero sequence voltage, the voltage rating of the active filter is reduced substantially. Moreover, there are only zero-sequence fundamental and harmonic currents flowing in the inductors and the active filter, resulting in a reduction of the current ratings. Experimental results from a prototype conform the feasibility of the proposed topology.","PeriodicalId":202482,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 2002 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. 37th IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.02CH37344)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129915803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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