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Conference Record of the 2002 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. 37th IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.02CH37344)最新文献

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Improved approximation for fringing permeances in gapped inductors 间隙电感中边缘磁导率的改进近似
A. van den Bossche, V. Valchev, T. Filchev
The purpose of this paper is to propose new analytical approximations for fringing flux calculations around the air gaps of inductor cores, including multiple gap cases and different symmetrical cases. Existing 3D techniques using finite element analysis are accurate but require a prohibitive amount of simulation time and special software. We propose an improved analytical approximation for fringing permeance calculation for the most usual field patterns. The approach is extended form 2D to 3D giving analytical solutions for corner effects, thus providing a better accuracy of the approximation. The derived fringing coefficients are used to present all symmetrical cases and cases with multiple air gaps. The accuracy of the proposed equations is sufficient for a normal engineering design. The advantages of analytical approximations are the possibility of generating diagrams, of solving the reverse problems and optimizing more complex problems.
本文的目的是为电感铁芯气隙周围的边缘磁通计算提出新的解析近似,包括多个气隙情况和不同对称情况。现有的三维技术使用有限元分析是准确的,但需要大量的模拟时间和特殊的软件。我们提出了一种改进的解析近似法来计算最常见的场模式的条纹渗透率。该方法从二维扩展到三维,给出了角效应的解析解,从而提供了更好的近似精度。导出的边缘系数用于表示所有对称情况和具有多个气隙的情况。所提方程的精度足以满足一般工程设计的要求。解析近似的优点是可以生成图,解决逆向问题和优化更复杂的问题。
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引用次数: 54
DSP control of 400 Hz inverters for aircraft applications 用于飞机应用的400 Hz逆变器的DSP控制
L. Mihalache
This paper presents a fully digital control method that can be used for inverters used in 400 Hz aircraft ground power units. The method presents an ideal tracking controller that incorporates the computational delay as well as the quantization effects. It uses an observer for the output current third, fifth and seventh harmonics in order to achieve decoupling between the voltage and current loops thus leading to a low THD content in presence of non-linear loads The implementation of the observer is reduced to IIR filters with normal architecture that have minimum round off errors. The control method is implemented on a 16-bit single chip DSP-based controller from Analog Devices (ADMC401) and tested on a single-phase 10 kVA IGBT-based inverter prototype showing almost complete elimination of the third, fifth and seventh harmonics from the output voltage.
本文提出了一种可用于400 Hz飞机地面动力装置逆变器的全数字化控制方法。该方法提供了一种理想的跟踪控制器,它结合了计算延迟和量化效果。它对输出电流的第三次、第五次和第七次谐波使用观测器,以实现电压和电流环路之间的解耦,从而在非线性负载存在时导致低THD含量。观测器的实现被简化为具有最小舍入误差的正常结构的IIR滤波器。该控制方法在adi公司(ADMC401)的基于dsp的16位单片机控制器上实现,并在基于igbt的单相10 kVA逆变器原型上进行了测试,结果显示输出电压的第三次、第五次和第七次谐波几乎完全消除。
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引用次数: 44
The theory and implementation of corrosion diagnosis for grounding system 接地系统腐蚀诊断的理论与实现
Rong Zheng, Jinliang He, Jun Hu, G. Lu, B. Luo
In China, the grounding system is made of steel. When the steel corrodes, it is a potential problem and very dangerous to the power system, since it is buried under ground. How to obtain the status of the corrosion easily is very important for the safety of the operation. A novel method is proposed, by which corrosion status of grounding system can be diagnosed from measured port resistances among the touchable down-lead conductors connected to the grounding grid. First, the mathematical relationship between the corrosion status of the grounding grid's all grounding conductors and the measured port resistances is deduced in detail based on circuit model and theory. Then, an appropriate mathematical model is discussed for practicable computation. The completed corrosion diagnosis system, including hardware device of data measurement, diagnosis and analysis software, is also introduced concisely. Finally, the field test report is provided to validate the method.
在中国,接地系统是钢制的。由于钢被埋在地下,当钢被腐蚀时,对电力系统是一个潜在的问题,是非常危险的。如何方便地获取腐蚀状态对操作的安全是非常重要的。提出了一种通过测量接地网的可触引导线之间的端口电阻来诊断接地系统腐蚀状况的新方法。首先,基于电路模型和理论推导了接地网各接地导线腐蚀状态与实测端口电阻之间的数学关系。然后讨论了适合实际计算的数学模型。简要介绍了完整的腐蚀诊断系统,包括数据测量的硬件装置、诊断和分析软件。最后,给出了现场试验报告,验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 32
A system level solution for power electronic measurements 电力电子测量的系统级解决方案
S. Ahmed, M. Haji, H. Toliyat
With the increased use of digital instrumentation in industrial applications, it becomes highly essential for the engineer to become more familiar and aware of the possible sources of measurement error related to the instruments being used and their internal construction. This paper aims to provide a common terminology, and error quantification in such systems. The discussion is aimed at both the user and the manufacturer of such instruments. The main body presents many performance features of modern digital measurement systems and the sources of error. Simple MATLAB/SIMULINK models attempt to simulate digital measurement system components in an intuitive manner. Developing such an understanding will aid in the determination of the required tests and the interpretation of their results. The work is aimed at a better understanding of the nonsinusoidal situation and the measuring problems due to nonsinusoidal conditions. The main part of this work is the development of a solid background using modern simulation tools of one of the main components of the measurement system, namely the data converter, and its requirements and errors. Sample data converter specifications are illustrated based on a sample nonlinear inverter waveform analysis. A new simple low cost topology for a data converter suitable for such an application is also presented and its performance is assessed using simulation. Finally, a comparison between this method and the existing one in TI DSP TMS2407 is made.
随着数字仪器在工业应用中的使用越来越多,对于工程师来说,更加熟悉和意识到与正在使用的仪器及其内部结构相关的测量误差的可能来源变得非常重要。本文旨在提供一个通用的术语,并在这种系统的误差量化。讨论的对象是这种仪器的使用者和制造商。主要介绍了现代数字测量系统的许多性能特点和误差来源。简单的MATLAB/SIMULINK模型试图以直观的方式模拟数字测量系统组件。发展这种理解将有助于确定所需的测试和解释其结果。这项工作的目的是为了更好地理解非正弦情况和由于非正弦条件而引起的测量问题。本工作的主要部分是在坚实的背景下开发利用现代仿真工具的测量系统的主要组成部分之一,即数据转换器,以及它的要求和误差。通过对一个非线性逆变器的波形分析,说明了样本数据转换器的规格。提出了一种新的简单的低成本数据转换器拓扑结构,并通过仿真对其性能进行了评价。最后,将该方法与TI DSP TMS2407中的现有方法进行了比较。
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引用次数: 1
Optical RF-TV signal sensing and transmission for terrestrial TV relaying stations 地面电视中继站的光射频电视信号传感与传输
K. Haeiwa, T. Yamashita, Y. Takeuchi, Y. Toba, S. Torihata, M. Onizawa
An evolutional optical RF-TV signal sensing and transmitting facilities were constructed and employed for a new type of TV relaying station. A LiNbO/sub 3/ optical modulator of Mach-Zehnder type at 1.3 /spl mu/m, which was used to modulate a light beam at 1.3 /spl mu/m with digital terrestrial television (OFDM) signals at a 470 MHz through 770 MHz band with a power level of 36 dB /spl mu/V obtained from a UHF-TV receiving antenna in the receiving facilities, was newly used to send these RF-TV signals to the transmitting facilities located up to 6 km apart from the receiving point. The system operation was satisfactory.
为一种新型的电视中继站,研制了一种新型的光学射频电视信号传感与发射装置。采用一种1.3 /spl mu/m的Mach-Zehnder型LiNbO/sub / 3光调制器,利用接收设施中的UHF-TV接收天线获得的470 ~ 770 MHz频段、36 dB /spl mu/V功率的数字地面电视(OFDM)信号调制1.3 /spl mu/m的光束,将这些RF-TV信号发送到距离接收点6 km远的发射设施。系统运行令人满意。
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引用次数: 0
High power density electronic ballast for HID lamps HID灯用高功率密度电子镇流器
Jinghai Zhou, F. Tao, F. Lee, N. Onishi, M. Okawa
A high power density electronic ballast circuit for high intensity discharge (HID) lamp is proposed. Approaches to achieve high power density are studied. Topologically, the zero-voltage-switching quasi-square-wave concept is adopted when developing the high frequency high efficiency DC/DC front-end converter for the ballast based on the semiconductor loss analysis. On the other hand, a PCB level packaging method is proposed to deal with the thermal related issues, which further improves the power density of the system. A prototype is developed, with a maximum efficiency of 93.3% and the power density of 38.7 W/inch/sup 3/.
提出了一种用于高强度放电灯的高功率密度电子镇流器电路。研究了实现高功率密度的途径。在拓扑结构上,基于半导体损耗分析的高频高效镇流器DC/DC前端变换器采用零电压开关准方波概念。另一方面,提出了一种PCB级封装方法来处理与热相关的问题,进一步提高了系统的功率密度。开发了一个原型,最大效率为93.3%,功率密度为38.7 W/英寸/sup /。
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引用次数: 20
A chopping and doubly-fed adjustable speed system without bi-directional converter 无双向变换器的斩波双馈调速系统
Fengxiang Wang, Chengwu Lin, J. Zhu, Longya Xu
A doubly-fed machine adjustable speed system normally needs a bi-directional converter. Not only the control technique is complicated but also the system cost is rather high. In this paper, a chopping and doubly-fed adjusting speed control strategy is proposed based on the variable speed principle of the doubly-fed machine. The circuit topology, fulfilling combined functions of a rectifier, chopper and inverter, is described. The control algorithms in chopping and doubly-fed modes for adjustable speed operation based on the Intel 8XC196MC single-chip-computer are derived. The Experimental results show the feasibility of the proposed scheme. Advantages of using the proposed system include a relatively inexpensive multi-functional converter, soft-starting, adjustable speed operation through chopping and doubly-fed adjustable speed modes below or above synchronous speed with reactive power regulation.
双馈调速系统通常需要一个双向转换器。不仅控制技术复杂,而且系统成本较高。本文基于双进给机的变速原理,提出了一种斩切双进给调速控制策略。描述了电路拓扑结构,实现了整流器、斩波器和逆变器的综合功能。推导了基于Intel 8XC196MC单片机的斩波和双馈调速控制算法。实验结果表明了该方案的可行性。使用该系统的优点包括相对便宜的多功能转换器,软启动,通过斩波和双馈调速模式进行调速操作,低于或高于同步速度,无功调节。
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引用次数: 7
Emission spectrometry of NO or activated nitrogen species in non-thermal plasma 非热等离子体中NO或活性氮的发射光谱分析
K. Shimizu, S. Saeki, G. Yamada, T. Oda
Emission spectrometry in the atmospheric pressure discharge was carried out to understand reaction mechanisms of active species, as the discharge plasma processing is significantly influenced by the gas components. The N/sub 2/ second positive band (SPB), the N/sub 2/ first negative band (FNB) and the NO-/spl gamma/ band were investigated using a digital controlled spectrometer and an ICCD camera. When dielectric pellets were placed between a needle-plate type electrode, these emissions decreased along with the electrode axis. In the positive streamer discharges of needle-plate electrodes, high-energy electrons were mainly produced around the tip of the needle electrode leading to the N/sub 2/ first negative band. When the discharge energy exceeded a certain value, the intensity of the N/sub 2/ first negative band increased, compared to other bands. This is due to the presence of high-energy electrons below the needle electrode and on the dielectric plate. The emission spectrum observation with time resolution allowed us to conclude that the N/sub 2/ second positive band emission and that of N/sub 2/ first negative band emission were extinguished within 200 ns, while that of NO-/spl gamma/ band continued for more than 3 /spl mu/s. This could be due to a difference in the mechanisms of light emission. N/sub 2/ second positive band and N/sub 2/ first negative band were excited by electron collisions, while NO-/spl gamma/ band was energized by collisions of N/sub 2/(A)-state molecules. Distribution of NO molecules in the corona discharge or the barrier discharge was obtained from a decay constant of NO-/spl gamma/ band emission. NO could be decomposed by a reducing reaction at the tip of the needle in the corona discharge. On the contrary, NO could be decomposed by a reducing reaction around the plate electrode in the barrier discharge.
由于放电等离子体处理受到气体组分的显著影响,为了了解活性物质的反应机理,采用了常压放电中的发射光谱法。利用数字控制谱仪和ICCD相机研究了N/sub 2/秒正带(SPB)、N/sub 2/一负带(FNB)和NO-/spl γ /带。当介电颗粒被放置在针板型电极之间时,这些发射沿电极轴减少。针板电极的正流光放电中,高能电子主要在针电极尖端周围产生,导致N/sub / 1负带。当放电能量超过一定值时,N/sub 2/第一负带的强度相对于其他带有所增加。这是由于针电极下方和介电板上存在高能电子。时间分辨率的发射光谱观测表明,N/sub 2/ s正带发射和N/sub 2/ 1负带发射在200 ns内消失,而NO-/spl γ /波段的发射持续时间超过3 /spl mu/s。这可能是由于发光机制的不同。N/sub - 2/第二正带和N/sub - 2/第一负带由电子碰撞激发,NO-/spl γ -带由N/sub - 2/(A)态分子碰撞激发。利用NO-/spl γ -/波段发射衰减常数,得到了NO分子在电晕放电和阻挡放电中的分布。在电晕放电中,NO可通过针尖处的还原反应被分解。相反,在阻挡放电中,NO可以通过板电极周围的还原反应被分解。
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引用次数: 3
PWM strategies of three-level inverter-fed AC drives 三电平逆变交流驱动的PWM策略
S. Halász, A. Zakharov
In the region of high voltage and power, a high quality inverter-fed AC drive is more easily obtained by the use of multi-level inverters. In the first case three-level inverters should be taken into consideration. One of the important quality indexes of the PWM technique is the inverter-fed motor harmonic losses. They can be characterized by the generalized loss-factor. It is shown that for three-level inverters three different PWM regions can be introduced where different PWM strategies should be applied. The paper deals with computations of the generalized loss-factor of three-level inverters in the case of space vector modulation and the comparison of the different PWM methods on the basis of this factor. It is shown that the generalized loss-factors of three-level inverters are 4-35 times lower than those are for two-level inverters.
在高压大功率领域,采用多级逆变器更容易获得高质量的逆变供电交流驱动。在第一种情况下,应考虑三电平逆变器。PWM技术的一个重要质量指标是逆变器供电电机的谐波损耗。它们可以用广义损失因子来表征。结果表明,对于三电平逆变器,可以引入三个不同的PWM区域,其中应采用不同的PWM策略。本文讨论了空间矢量调制情况下三电平逆变器广义损耗因子的计算,并在此基础上对不同PWM方法进行了比较。结果表明,三电平逆变器的广义损耗因子比二电平逆变器的广义损耗因子低4 ~ 35倍。
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引用次数: 11
Low-noise external rotor BLDC motor for fan applications 低噪音外转子无刷直流电机风扇应用
A. Lelkes, J. Krotsch, R. D. De Doncker
An important market for brushless DC (BLDC) motors is fan applications, where low acoustic noise is of increasing importance. External rotor motors are especially advantageous for space-saving fan-motor-units. The acoustic noise of the motor can be influenced considerably through commutation strategy. The commutating process has been analyzed using space vectors. Motor noise has been reduced significantly using new modulation strategies.
无刷直流(BLDC)电机的一个重要市场是风扇应用,其中低噪声越来越重要。外转子电机对于节省空间的风机电机装置尤其有利。换相策略对电机的噪声有很大的影响。利用空间矢量分析了换向过程。采用新的调制策略,电机噪声显著降低。
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引用次数: 27
期刊
Conference Record of the 2002 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. 37th IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.02CH37344)
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