Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000266
M. Pavan, S. Gangaprasad, Nagarajappa Adivappar
Knowledge on genetic architecture and inheritance of tomato shelf life contributing traits in different genetic backgrounds is a key issue for shelf life improvement. An investigation was undertaken to estimate the nature and magnitude of variability, traits inter-relationships, third and fourth degree statistics to unravel the genetics of 18 fruit quality and yield traits governing shelflife in F2 population of ‘Arka Vikas’ × ‘Red ball’ cross. The wider standardized range and higher estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation indicated prevalence of adequate variability for fruit quality and yield traits. Fruit firmness and pericarp thickness ranged from 1.20–3.44 kg/cm2 and 2.44–5.31 mm respectively. Pulp content and shelflife ranged from 58.59–94.70% and 10.60–26.40 days respectively. Significant positive correlation with direct effect on fruit shelf life was exhibited by fruit firmness, pericarp thickness, TSS, titratable acidity, pulp content, fruit length and locule number. Positive skewness with platykurtic distribution recorded for TSS, lycopene, ascorbic acid, titratable acidity, fruit length, weight, pericarp thickness, plant height and number of branches. Negatively skewed with platykurtic distribution observed for pH, fruit diameter, firmness, pulp content, locule number, shelf life and number of clusters which signified duplicate epistasis of dominant genes in traits inheritance. The transgressive segregants for fruit quality traits indicated complementary effects of dispersed allele combinations between parents. Additive and dominance components could be exploited in the advanced segregating population by evaluating large number of families. In addition to additive effects, predominance of dominance effects of genes are important in inheritance of fruit quality traits governing shelflife.
{"title":"Genetic variability, trait inter-relationships, third and fourth degree statistics based genetics for fruit quality and yield traits governing shelf life in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)","authors":"M. Pavan, S. Gangaprasad, Nagarajappa Adivappar","doi":"10.1017/s1479262123000266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1479262123000266","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Knowledge on genetic architecture and inheritance of tomato shelf life contributing traits in different genetic backgrounds is a key issue for shelf life improvement. An investigation was undertaken to estimate the nature and magnitude of variability, traits inter-relationships, third and fourth degree statistics to unravel the genetics of 18 fruit quality and yield traits governing shelflife in F2 population of ‘Arka Vikas’ × ‘Red ball’ cross. The wider standardized range and higher estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation indicated prevalence of adequate variability for fruit quality and yield traits. Fruit firmness and pericarp thickness ranged from 1.20–3.44 kg/cm2 and 2.44–5.31 mm respectively. Pulp content and shelflife ranged from 58.59–94.70% and 10.60–26.40 days respectively. Significant positive correlation with direct effect on fruit shelf life was exhibited by fruit firmness, pericarp thickness, TSS, titratable acidity, pulp content, fruit length and locule number. Positive skewness with platykurtic distribution recorded for TSS, lycopene, ascorbic acid, titratable acidity, fruit length, weight, pericarp thickness, plant height and number of branches. Negatively skewed with platykurtic distribution observed for pH, fruit diameter, firmness, pulp content, locule number, shelf life and number of clusters which signified duplicate epistasis of dominant genes in traits inheritance. The transgressive segregants for fruit quality traits indicated complementary effects of dispersed allele combinations between parents. Additive and dominance components could be exploited in the advanced segregating population by evaluating large number of families. In addition to additive effects, predominance of dominance effects of genes are important in inheritance of fruit quality traits governing shelflife.","PeriodicalId":20252,"journal":{"name":"Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76323561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-08DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000254
P. Fusani, N. Aiello, S. Giannì, F. Camin, E. Pagnotta, M. Bagatta
Horseradish is a crop grown for its edible underground parts. The development of new cultivars is hindered by the species' predominant vegetative reproduction, making it essential to evaluate locally cultivated accessions to identify new types suitable for cultivation. To this end, 11 horseradish accessions from family vegetable gardens in Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy were examined using 26 qualitative and six quantitative morphological descriptors and characterized by the five major glucosinolates (GSLs) present in the rhizome compared to a reference cultivar. A wide range of variability was observed for the considered qualitative morphological traits. The rhizome's top and basal diameters were 9.9 and 6.2 cm, respectively, with an average fresh weight of 521 g. Total GSL content ranged between 79.5 and 133.5 μmol/g dry weight (DW), with sinigrin (SIN) being the primary component at an average content of 110.0 μmol/g DW. Differences among the investigated accessions were noted for quantitative traits describing their productive features and for GSL content. A positive correlation was discovered between the biometric traits of the plant's underground parts and the SIN and total GSL content, suggesting a link between the quality and yield of the edible product. According to the multivariate analysis, accessions were grouped into three main clusters: the largest of the reference cultivar and the majority of accessions with similar productive and qualitative traits; another featuring two with good qualitative and productive characteristics. The investigated accessions proved to be a valuable germplasm source for cultivating the species.
{"title":"Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana G. Gaertn., B. Mey. & Scherb.) cultivated in Trentino-Alto Adige (northern Italy) characterized by biometric traits and glucosinolate content","authors":"P. Fusani, N. Aiello, S. Giannì, F. Camin, E. Pagnotta, M. Bagatta","doi":"10.1017/s1479262123000254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1479262123000254","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Horseradish is a crop grown for its edible underground parts. The development of new cultivars is hindered by the species' predominant vegetative reproduction, making it essential to evaluate locally cultivated accessions to identify new types suitable for cultivation. To this end, 11 horseradish accessions from family vegetable gardens in Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy were examined using 26 qualitative and six quantitative morphological descriptors and characterized by the five major glucosinolates (GSLs) present in the rhizome compared to a reference cultivar. A wide range of variability was observed for the considered qualitative morphological traits. The rhizome's top and basal diameters were 9.9 and 6.2 cm, respectively, with an average fresh weight of 521 g. Total GSL content ranged between 79.5 and 133.5 μmol/g dry weight (DW), with sinigrin (SIN) being the primary component at an average content of 110.0 μmol/g DW. Differences among the investigated accessions were noted for quantitative traits describing their productive features and for GSL content. A positive correlation was discovered between the biometric traits of the plant's underground parts and the SIN and total GSL content, suggesting a link between the quality and yield of the edible product. According to the multivariate analysis, accessions were grouped into three main clusters: the largest of the reference cultivar and the majority of accessions with similar productive and qualitative traits; another featuring two with good qualitative and productive characteristics. The investigated accessions proved to be a valuable germplasm source for cultivating the species.","PeriodicalId":20252,"journal":{"name":"Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88400813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-25DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000242
S. Talekar, K. P. Viswanatha, H. Lohithaswa, S. Rathod
Genetic diversity is essential for the development of more efficient plant types. In the present study, 529 chickpea accessions were evaluated for their agronomic performance, genetic divergence and identification of promising accessions through the use of a simple lattice design. These accessions varied widely in all agronomic traits. The first three principal components (PCs) explained 78.35% variation. The PC1 and PC2 explained 38.05 and 24.30% of total variations. Three traits namely, branches per plant, pods per plant and seed yield per plant contributed to maximum variation. The hierarchical clustering analysis carried out on PCs grouped the accessions into eight clusters. Among 127 selection indices formulated, higher relative efficiency (422.52%) coupled with high genetic advance (34.31%) was exhibited by the combination involving six characters. Based on the index score of greater than 100, 15 genotypes were promising for improving the grain yield. The results of both PC analysis (PCA) and selection indices suggested that branches per plant, pods per plant and 100-seed test weight traits have to be considered for any genetic yield gains. Both the techniques (PCA and selection indices) identified three genotypes (GAG 0733, IC 268988 and IC 269031) as the best performers, suggesting that the two techniques are equally efficient in the identification of superior germplasm that can be used in chickpea hybridization programmes for yield improvement.
{"title":"Multivariate analysis and selection indices to identify superior cultivars and influential yield components in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)","authors":"S. Talekar, K. P. Viswanatha, H. Lohithaswa, S. Rathod","doi":"10.1017/s1479262123000242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1479262123000242","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Genetic diversity is essential for the development of more efficient plant types. In the present study, 529 chickpea accessions were evaluated for their agronomic performance, genetic divergence and identification of promising accessions through the use of a simple lattice design. These accessions varied widely in all agronomic traits. The first three principal components (PCs) explained 78.35% variation. The PC1 and PC2 explained 38.05 and 24.30% of total variations. Three traits namely, branches per plant, pods per plant and seed yield per plant contributed to maximum variation. The hierarchical clustering analysis carried out on PCs grouped the accessions into eight clusters. Among 127 selection indices formulated, higher relative efficiency (422.52%) coupled with high genetic advance (34.31%) was exhibited by the combination involving six characters. Based on the index score of greater than 100, 15 genotypes were promising for improving the grain yield. The results of both PC analysis (PCA) and selection indices suggested that branches per plant, pods per plant and 100-seed test weight traits have to be considered for any genetic yield gains. Both the techniques (PCA and selection indices) identified three genotypes (GAG 0733, IC 268988 and IC 269031) as the best performers, suggesting that the two techniques are equally efficient in the identification of superior germplasm that can be used in chickpea hybridization programmes for yield improvement.","PeriodicalId":20252,"journal":{"name":"Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88285936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-17DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000230
P. Sofi, Sadia Shafi, Samreen Fatima, Sujeela Rani, Rayees Ahmad, Aqleema Banoo, Saima Gani, S. Zargar, B. Padder, Aaqif Zaffar, A. Nabi, Prakash Jha
Western Himalayan region is a rich repository of common bean genetic resources evolved over generations of farmer selection. The bean variability encompasses various use categories such as dry, snap and shelled beans. The present study aimed to characterize 40 small-seeded red common bean genotypes collected from different districts of Kashmir valley as well as Poonch, Rajouri and Bhaderwah areas of Jammu which are world famous for their beans. Based on 5-year evaluation, there was substantial variability for various qualitative traits as well as quantitative traits. Among variability parameters, higher PCV and GCV values were recorded for plant height, seed yield per plant and number of pods per plant and low for days to maturity, seed length and pod length. High heritability was recorded for all the traits ranging from 78.72 to 94.87%. There was substantial variability in root traits scored in laboratory and greenhouse as well as canopy temperature depression and relative water content. Various genotypes were found resistant to bean common mosaic virus (WB-N-1, WB-N-11, WB-1318, WB-401, WB-451, WB-1634); anthracnose (WB-1634 WB-83, WB-258, WB-1282, WB-1304); angular leaf spot (WB-6, WB-1634, WB-258, WB-451, N-1 and N-10); Fusarium wilt (WB-341, WB-451, WB-N-1 and WB-1587) and Ascochyta blight (WB-6). Similarly WB-92 was highly resistant to shattering. The genotypes WB-341, WB-1634, WB-N-1 performed better under water stress, WB-N-1 and WB-1634 were resistant to multiple diseases and WB-1634 had better cooking quality. The genotypes identified can be used in bean improvement programmes and have also been submitted to NBPGR for long-term storage.
{"title":"Characterization of Western Himalayan small-seeded red beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) for yield, quality and resilience","authors":"P. Sofi, Sadia Shafi, Samreen Fatima, Sujeela Rani, Rayees Ahmad, Aqleema Banoo, Saima Gani, S. Zargar, B. Padder, Aaqif Zaffar, A. Nabi, Prakash Jha","doi":"10.1017/s1479262123000230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1479262123000230","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Western Himalayan region is a rich repository of common bean genetic resources evolved over generations of farmer selection. The bean variability encompasses various use categories such as dry, snap and shelled beans. The present study aimed to characterize 40 small-seeded red common bean genotypes collected from different districts of Kashmir valley as well as Poonch, Rajouri and Bhaderwah areas of Jammu which are world famous for their beans. Based on 5-year evaluation, there was substantial variability for various qualitative traits as well as quantitative traits. Among variability parameters, higher PCV and GCV values were recorded for plant height, seed yield per plant and number of pods per plant and low for days to maturity, seed length and pod length. High heritability was recorded for all the traits ranging from 78.72 to 94.87%. There was substantial variability in root traits scored in laboratory and greenhouse as well as canopy temperature depression and relative water content. Various genotypes were found resistant to bean common mosaic virus (WB-N-1, WB-N-11, WB-1318, WB-401, WB-451, WB-1634); anthracnose (WB-1634 WB-83, WB-258, WB-1282, WB-1304); angular leaf spot (WB-6, WB-1634, WB-258, WB-451, N-1 and N-10); Fusarium wilt (WB-341, WB-451, WB-N-1 and WB-1587) and Ascochyta blight (WB-6). Similarly WB-92 was highly resistant to shattering. The genotypes WB-341, WB-1634, WB-N-1 performed better under water stress, WB-N-1 and WB-1634 were resistant to multiple diseases and WB-1634 had better cooking quality. The genotypes identified can be used in bean improvement programmes and have also been submitted to NBPGR for long-term storage.","PeriodicalId":20252,"journal":{"name":"Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75468635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-11DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000217
Muhammad Tahir, M. Farooq, Muhammad Tanees Chaudry, Umar Akram, M. S. Shafique, A. Shakeel
Salinity poses a major obstacle in increasing the yield of cotton. To explore genetic material that can yield better under salt stress conditions, eight parents including 5 females and 3 testers were crossed in line × tester mating design. After successful completion of crossing, parents and their 15 crosses were evaluated for seed cotton yield, within boll yield components, fibre quality, ionic and biochemical traits under control and NaCl salt stressed conditions (10 and 20 dSm−1). Under salt stress conditions seed cotton yield, fibre length and fibre strength decreased in all genotypes whereas, lint percentage and fibre fineness increased. Among parents RH-647 and among crosses FH-214 × FH-2015 performed better for seed cotton yield while for fibre quality traits under salt stress conditions among parents KEHKSHAN, and among crosses FH-214 × KEHKSHAN performed better. Results suggested that plant height, boll weight, lint percentage, fibre length and fibre strength are reliable traits for the selection of salt tolerant genotypes in the future cotton breeding programs.
{"title":"A novel parent selection strategy for the development of salt-tolerant cotton cultivars","authors":"Muhammad Tahir, M. Farooq, Muhammad Tanees Chaudry, Umar Akram, M. S. Shafique, A. Shakeel","doi":"10.1017/s1479262123000217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1479262123000217","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Salinity poses a major obstacle in increasing the yield of cotton. To explore genetic material that can yield better under salt stress conditions, eight parents including 5 females and 3 testers were crossed in line × tester mating design. After successful completion of crossing, parents and their 15 crosses were evaluated for seed cotton yield, within boll yield components, fibre quality, ionic and biochemical traits under control and NaCl salt stressed conditions (10 and 20 dSm−1). Under salt stress conditions seed cotton yield, fibre length and fibre strength decreased in all genotypes whereas, lint percentage and fibre fineness increased. Among parents RH-647 and among crosses FH-214 × FH-2015 performed better for seed cotton yield while for fibre quality traits under salt stress conditions among parents KEHKSHAN, and among crosses FH-214 × KEHKSHAN performed better. Results suggested that plant height, boll weight, lint percentage, fibre length and fibre strength are reliable traits for the selection of salt tolerant genotypes in the future cotton breeding programs.","PeriodicalId":20252,"journal":{"name":"Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90078332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-11DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000187
Nitrogen fertilizer and water are two major nutrients required for the optimal production of rice worldwide. The utilization of different irrigation techniques to save water and fertigation to maximize rice production has been the main focus. A field experiment was conducted to explore the responses of 16 rice varieties to different irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer regimes. Two nitrogen treatments, 270 kg ha−1 and 225 kg ha−1 (urea N ≥ 46.4%), and two irrigation regimes, 8.7 t ha−1 and 5.22 t ha−1, were applied three times. Plant height and the soil and plant analyser development (SPAD) values were measured throughout the growth period. The total yield and quality characteristics of the rice varieties were also determined. Based on the yield, the 16 rice varieties were divided into three groups: high yield (I), middle yield (II) and low yield (III) using cluster analysis. A positive correlation was found between the growth period and yield of these 16 rice varieties. In the water-deficient regime, the growth period of the 16 varieties was reduced by 1.68–2.93%. Furthermore, nitrogen- and water-deficient regimes had significant effects on the polishing rate, protein content and taste values of all varieties. At maturity stage under these regimes, plant height and chlorophyll SPAD values were decreased by 1.25–6.05% and 1.60–31.48%, respectively. Deficient nitrogen fertilization, along with appropriate irrigation, is an effective method for the efficient utilization of irrigation and fertilizer resources in rice-growing areas.
氮肥和水是世界范围内水稻最佳生产所需的两大营养物质。利用不同的灌溉技术来节水和施肥，以最大限度地提高水稻产量一直是主要的焦点。通过田间试验，探讨了16个水稻品种对不同灌溉和氮肥制度的响应。2个氮肥处理分别为270 kg ha - 1和225 kg ha - 1(尿素氮≥46.4%)，2个灌溉方案分别为8.7 t ha - 1和5.22 t ha - 1，施用3次。在整个生育期测量植株高度和土壤和植物分析仪发育(SPAD)值。测定了各水稻品种的总产量和品质特征。采用聚类分析方法，将16个水稻品种按产量分为高产(I)、中产(II)和低产(III) 3组。这16个水稻品种的生育期与产量呈显著正相关。在缺水条件下，16个品种的生育期缩短了1.68% ~ 2.93%。此外，缺氮和缺水制度对所有品种的抛光率、蛋白质含量和口感值都有显著影响。成熟期，两种处理的株高和叶绿素SPAD值分别降低了1.25 ~ 6.05%和1.60 ~ 31.48%。缺氮配适度灌溉是水稻产区高效利用灌溉和肥料资源的有效方法。
{"title":"Effects of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer application on growth, yield and quality of different rice varieties in arid areas of Xinjiang","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/s1479262123000187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1479262123000187","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Nitrogen fertilizer and water are two major nutrients required for the optimal production of rice worldwide. The utilization of different irrigation techniques to save water and fertigation to maximize rice production has been the main focus. A field experiment was conducted to explore the responses of 16 rice varieties to different irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer regimes. Two nitrogen treatments, 270 kg ha−1 and 225 kg ha−1 (urea N ≥ 46.4%), and two irrigation regimes, 8.7 t ha−1 and 5.22 t ha−1, were applied three times. Plant height and the soil and plant analyser development (SPAD) values were measured throughout the growth period. The total yield and quality characteristics of the rice varieties were also determined. Based on the yield, the 16 rice varieties were divided into three groups: high yield (I), middle yield (II) and low yield (III) using cluster analysis. A positive correlation was found between the growth period and yield of these 16 rice varieties. In the water-deficient regime, the growth period of the 16 varieties was reduced by 1.68–2.93%. Furthermore, nitrogen- and water-deficient regimes had significant effects on the polishing rate, protein content and taste values of all varieties. At maturity stage under these regimes, plant height and chlorophyll SPAD values were decreased by 1.25–6.05% and 1.60–31.48%, respectively. Deficient nitrogen fertilization, along with appropriate irrigation, is an effective method for the efficient utilization of irrigation and fertilizer resources in rice-growing areas.","PeriodicalId":20252,"journal":{"name":"Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84104294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-04DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000072
N. Maroya, P. Agre, Balogun Morufat
Obtaining high-quality planting material for cultivation is a persisting challenge for yam (Dioscorea spp.) production in Africa. Efforts to provide a solution to this challenge have led to varying seed multiplication techniques but whose efficiency in maintaining the genetic purity of yam genotypes during the rapid multiplication process is yet unknown. Three improved varieties Swaswa, Kpamyo and Asiedu were multiplied through tissue culture, aeroponics system, field condition and vine cutting techniques. Leaf samples were collected at every stage of multiplication in the different techniques as well as the original mother plant for DNA fingerprinting. From a total of 16,922 SNP markers, an average heterozygosity of 0.091 was obtained with minor allele frequency of 0.119, and polymorphic information content of 0.166. The transition to transversion ratio was 62:38%. Hierarchical clustering of the genotypes and technologies discriminated the multiplied materials into three clusters with the first cluster consisting of only the variety Asiedu multiplied through aeroponics, vine and tubers collected from vine cutting and grown from the field. The second cluster consisted predominantly of the variety Kpamyo, with a little admixture from Asiedu. The third cluster consisted of only Swaswa. The different seed multiplication methods showed great potentials in conserving the genetic purity of genotypes used. Therefore, the use of these seed multiplication techniques could offer a lasting solution to the low multiplication ratio of yam without compromising the genetic integrity and offers a great opportunity for establishing a formal yam seed system.
{"title":"Genetic purity of yam (Dioscorea spp.) multiplied through different seed multiplication techniques based on DArT SNP markers","authors":"N. Maroya, P. Agre, Balogun Morufat","doi":"10.1017/s1479262123000072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1479262123000072","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Obtaining high-quality planting material for cultivation is a persisting challenge for yam (Dioscorea spp.) production in Africa. Efforts to provide a solution to this challenge have led to varying seed multiplication techniques but whose efficiency in maintaining the genetic purity of yam genotypes during the rapid multiplication process is yet unknown. Three improved varieties Swaswa, Kpamyo and Asiedu were multiplied through tissue culture, aeroponics system, field condition and vine cutting techniques. Leaf samples were collected at every stage of multiplication in the different techniques as well as the original mother plant for DNA fingerprinting. From a total of 16,922 SNP markers, an average heterozygosity of 0.091 was obtained with minor allele frequency of 0.119, and polymorphic information content of 0.166. The transition to transversion ratio was 62:38%. Hierarchical clustering of the genotypes and technologies discriminated the multiplied materials into three clusters with the first cluster consisting of only the variety Asiedu multiplied through aeroponics, vine and tubers collected from vine cutting and grown from the field. The second cluster consisted predominantly of the variety Kpamyo, with a little admixture from Asiedu. The third cluster consisted of only Swaswa. The different seed multiplication methods showed great potentials in conserving the genetic purity of genotypes used. Therefore, the use of these seed multiplication techniques could offer a lasting solution to the low multiplication ratio of yam without compromising the genetic integrity and offers a great opportunity for establishing a formal yam seed system.","PeriodicalId":20252,"journal":{"name":"Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81315548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000175
S. Rhouma, Fatma Saad, Ahlem Ben Saad, Maha Moussa, K. Chatti
Date palm is a relatively salt- and drought-tolerant plant and more recent efforts have been focused on recognizing genes and pathways that confer stress tolerance in this species. The cDNA start codon targeted marker (cDNA–SCoT) technique is a novel, simple, fast and effective method for differential gene expression investigation. In the present study, this technique was exploited to identify differentially expressed genes during several stress treatments in date palm. A total of 12 SCoT primers combined with oligo-dT primers amplified differentially expressed fragments among the stress treatments and control samples. Differentially expressed fragments were highly homologous to known genes or encoded unclassified proteins with unknown functions. The expression patterns of the genes that had direct or indirect relationships with salinity and drought stress response were identified and their possible roles were discussed. This study suggests that the cDNA-SCoT differential display method is a useful tool to serve as an initial step for characterizing transcriptional changes induced by abiotic stresses and provide gene information for further study and application in genetic improvement and breeding in date palm.
{"title":"Using cDNA SCoT method to identify differentially expressed genes in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)","authors":"S. Rhouma, Fatma Saad, Ahlem Ben Saad, Maha Moussa, K. Chatti","doi":"10.1017/s1479262123000175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1479262123000175","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Date palm is a relatively salt- and drought-tolerant plant and more recent efforts have been focused on recognizing genes and pathways that confer stress tolerance in this species. The cDNA start codon targeted marker (cDNA–SCoT) technique is a novel, simple, fast and effective method for differential gene expression investigation. In the present study, this technique was exploited to identify differentially expressed genes during several stress treatments in date palm. A total of 12 SCoT primers combined with oligo-dT primers amplified differentially expressed fragments among the stress treatments and control samples. Differentially expressed fragments were highly homologous to known genes or encoded unclassified proteins with unknown functions. The expression patterns of the genes that had direct or indirect relationships with salinity and drought stress response were identified and their possible roles were discussed. This study suggests that the cDNA-SCoT differential display method is a useful tool to serve as an initial step for characterizing transcriptional changes induced by abiotic stresses and provide gene information for further study and application in genetic improvement and breeding in date palm.","PeriodicalId":20252,"journal":{"name":"Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization","volume":"201 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78427978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000151
N. S. Ahmad, M. Abid, A. A. Al-Assie
Foxtail millet (Setaria spp.) is an ancient cereal crop, having a short cropping cycle. Drought tolerance was assessed in this crop at an early growth stage and the extent of genetic diversity was measured between the foxtail millet genotypes, applying DNA markers. Tolerance of 18 foxtail millet genotypes was studied in vitro under four levels of polyethylene glycol (0, 10, 20 and 30% PEG-6000). PEG-6000 decreased final germination percentage and led to a reduction in shoot and root length with different stress levels. The genotypes ISe 869, ISe 1851 and yellow spike show superiority in stress tolerance for germination and the growth of root and shoot traits. They also clustered together in the biplot diagram and dendrogram of the genotypes based on the morphological traits. Marker polymorphism index (PI) was 80.36% and a total of 132 polymorphic alleles (4.00 alleles/locus) were obtained from 33 polymorphic primers. Polymorphic information content (0.54–0.83) was highly informative with an average value of 0.67. A dendrogram distributed the genotypes into five distinct clusters based on simple-sequence repeat (SSR) data, independent of their geographical distribution. A relationship was established between the SSR markers and the genotypes ability to tolerate drought stress. The SSR markers used could contribute to conducting DNA profiling of foxtail millet, and facilitating their use in future breeding programmes for drought tolerance in this crop. Based on water-stress experiment, three most tolerant genotypes: ISe 869, ISe 1851 and yellow spike are recommended to be cultivated under drought conditions around the world.
{"title":"Profiling of foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) germplasm using in vitro drought screening and SSR markers","authors":"N. S. Ahmad, M. Abid, A. A. Al-Assie","doi":"10.1017/s1479262123000151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1479262123000151","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Foxtail millet (Setaria spp.) is an ancient cereal crop, having a short cropping cycle. Drought tolerance was assessed in this crop at an early growth stage and the extent of genetic diversity was measured between the foxtail millet genotypes, applying DNA markers. Tolerance of 18 foxtail millet genotypes was studied in vitro under four levels of polyethylene glycol (0, 10, 20 and 30% PEG-6000). PEG-6000 decreased final germination percentage and led to a reduction in shoot and root length with different stress levels. The genotypes ISe 869, ISe 1851 and yellow spike show superiority in stress tolerance for germination and the growth of root and shoot traits. They also clustered together in the biplot diagram and dendrogram of the genotypes based on the morphological traits. Marker polymorphism index (PI) was 80.36% and a total of 132 polymorphic alleles (4.00 alleles/locus) were obtained from 33 polymorphic primers. Polymorphic information content (0.54–0.83) was highly informative with an average value of 0.67. A dendrogram distributed the genotypes into five distinct clusters based on simple-sequence repeat (SSR) data, independent of their geographical distribution. A relationship was established between the SSR markers and the genotypes ability to tolerate drought stress. The SSR markers used could contribute to conducting DNA profiling of foxtail millet, and facilitating their use in future breeding programmes for drought tolerance in this crop. Based on water-stress experiment, three most tolerant genotypes: ISe 869, ISe 1851 and yellow spike are recommended to be cultivated under drought conditions around the world.","PeriodicalId":20252,"journal":{"name":"Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79373732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000199
S. Raghu, M. Baite, M. Yadav, S. R. Prabhukarthikeyan, U. Keerthana, C. Anil Kumar, B. Jeevan, S. Lenka, H. Subudhi, P. Rath
Availability of resistance sources among cultivated varieties helps in easy utilization as donor owing to no deleterious linkage drag. In the present investigation, 121 rice varieties were screened for their resistance against a virulent isolate of Fusarium fujikuroi (Ff-10) and genotyped using reported microsatellite markers. Among 121 varieties, only eight varieties, namely Luna Sankhi, Improved Tapaswini, Sarasa, Sadabahar, CR-311, Kshira, Wifa-10 and Binadhan-8, were found to be highly resistant (HR), seven varieties were resistant (R), 31 were moderately resistant (MR), 10 were moderately susceptible (MS), 11 were susceptible (S) and the rest 54 were highly susceptible (HS). The allele diversity of molecular markers classified the population into three clusters. The highly resistant varieties were grouped in major clusters II and III, whereas the remaining genotypes were distributed in all three clusters. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) resulted in 95% of the maximum diversity within the test population and 5% diversity between populations. Population structure analysis grouped the genotypes into two sub-populations based on relatedness, where most of the resistant genotypes were grouped into one sub-population and other genotypes were distributed among sub-populations. Re-examination of reported markers' trait associations with bakanae resistance in the experimental population identified marker RM-3698 as associated with resistance accounting 8.4% explained phenotypic variation. This study shows that simple sequence repeat markers can be used to assess allelic diversity and population structure of bakanae resistance in rice varieties. The highly resistant genotypes, along with resistance markers, could be used as donors in marker-assisted bakanae improvement breeding programmes.
{"title":"Population structure, genetic diversity and bakanae disease resistance among rice varieties","authors":"S. Raghu, M. Baite, M. Yadav, S. R. Prabhukarthikeyan, U. Keerthana, C. Anil Kumar, B. Jeevan, S. Lenka, H. Subudhi, P. Rath","doi":"10.1017/s1479262123000199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1479262123000199","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Availability of resistance sources among cultivated varieties helps in easy utilization as donor owing to no deleterious linkage drag. In the present investigation, 121 rice varieties were screened for their resistance against a virulent isolate of Fusarium fujikuroi (Ff-10) and genotyped using reported microsatellite markers. Among 121 varieties, only eight varieties, namely Luna Sankhi, Improved Tapaswini, Sarasa, Sadabahar, CR-311, Kshira, Wifa-10 and Binadhan-8, were found to be highly resistant (HR), seven varieties were resistant (R), 31 were moderately resistant (MR), 10 were moderately susceptible (MS), 11 were susceptible (S) and the rest 54 were highly susceptible (HS). The allele diversity of molecular markers classified the population into three clusters. The highly resistant varieties were grouped in major clusters II and III, whereas the remaining genotypes were distributed in all three clusters. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) resulted in 95% of the maximum diversity within the test population and 5% diversity between populations. Population structure analysis grouped the genotypes into two sub-populations based on relatedness, where most of the resistant genotypes were grouped into one sub-population and other genotypes were distributed among sub-populations. Re-examination of reported markers' trait associations with bakanae resistance in the experimental population identified marker RM-3698 as associated with resistance accounting 8.4% explained phenotypic variation. This study shows that simple sequence repeat markers can be used to assess allelic diversity and population structure of bakanae resistance in rice varieties. The highly resistant genotypes, along with resistance markers, could be used as donors in marker-assisted bakanae improvement breeding programmes.","PeriodicalId":20252,"journal":{"name":"Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80084391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：