Pub Date : 2024-02-13DOI: 10.14314/polimery.2024.1.2
Katarzyna Pojnar, Barbara Pilch-Pitera, Maciej Kisiel, Aleksandra Zioło, Michał Kędzierski
Polyacrylic resins containing glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA) and n-butyl acrylate (BA) in various molar ratios were obtained. Triaryl sulfonium hexafluorophosphate was used as a photoinitiator and reacted with the epoxy groups of GMA. The relationship between the chemical structure of polyacrylic resins and the parameters of the UV curing reaction and the functional properties of powder coatings was investigated. The appearance and mechanical properties of the coatings were determined based on thickness, gloss, roughness, deformability, scratch resistance, adhesion to steel, hardness, and water contact angle. DMA was used to assess the cross-link density. Powder coatings with good physical and mechanical properties and curing time of 70 s were obtained.
{"title":"UV-curable powder transparent coatings based on oligo(meth)acrylic resins","authors":"Katarzyna Pojnar, Barbara Pilch-Pitera, Maciej Kisiel, Aleksandra Zioło, Michał Kędzierski","doi":"10.14314/polimery.2024.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2024.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Polyacrylic resins containing glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA) and n-butyl acrylate (BA) in various molar ratios were obtained. Triaryl sulfonium hexafluorophosphate was used as a photoinitiator and reacted with the epoxy groups of GMA. The relationship between the chemical structure of polyacrylic resins and the parameters of the UV curing reaction and the functional properties of powder coatings was investigated. The appearance and mechanical properties of the coatings were determined based on thickness, gloss, roughness, deformability, scratch resistance, adhesion to steel, hardness, and water contact angle. DMA was used to assess the cross-link density. Powder coatings with good physical and mechanical properties and curing time of 70 s were obtained.","PeriodicalId":20319,"journal":{"name":"Polimery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139781383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-29DOI: 10.14314/polimery.2024.1.1
Piotr Szewczykowski, M. Bieliński
In the article, based on literature data, an attempt was made to systematize polymer porous materials in terms of pore size and technological aspects.
文章以文献数据为基础，尝试从孔隙大小和技术方面对聚合物多孔材料进行系统分析。
{"title":"Terminology relating to nano-, micro- and macroporous polymer materials - an overview","authors":"Piotr Szewczykowski, M. Bieliński","doi":"10.14314/polimery.2024.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2024.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"In the article, based on literature data, an attempt was made to systematize polymer porous materials in terms of pore size and technological aspects.","PeriodicalId":20319,"journal":{"name":"Polimery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140489835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-12DOI: 10.14314/polimery.2024.1.5
Monis Bin Abid, Lassaad Gzara, Iqbal Ahmed Moujdin, Mohamed Abdel Salam, R. Wahab
The influence of TEOS on the rheological properties of PVDF and poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) was investigated. The addition of TEOS to low molecular weight PVDF results in pseudoplastic behavior. The exception is PVDF containing 5 wt%. TEOS, which shows dilation behavior. Similar behavior has high molecular weight PVDF with the addition of 2 wt.% TEOS and low molecular weight copolymer with and without TEOS. The influence of temperature on the viscosity and activation energy of the tested PVDF solutions and the influence of TEOS on the average molecular weight were also examined.
研究了 TEOS 对 PVDF 和聚（偏氟乙烯-共六氟丙烯）流变特性的影响。在低分子量 PVDF 中添加 TEOS 会导致假塑性行为。但含有 5 wt% TEOS 的 PVDF 例外。TEOS 的 PVDF 出现了扩张行为。添加 2 wt.% TEOS 的高分子量 PVDF 以及添加和不添加 TEOS 的低分子量共聚物也有类似的行为。此外，还研究了温度对测试的 PVDF 溶液的粘度和活化能的影响，以及 TEOS 对平均分子量的影响。
{"title":"Effect of TEOS on the rheological properties of polyvinylidene fluoride and poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)","authors":"Monis Bin Abid, Lassaad Gzara, Iqbal Ahmed Moujdin, Mohamed Abdel Salam, R. Wahab","doi":"10.14314/polimery.2024.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2024.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of TEOS on the rheological properties of PVDF and poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) was investigated. The addition of TEOS to low molecular weight PVDF results in pseudoplastic behavior. The exception is PVDF containing 5 wt%. TEOS, which shows dilation behavior. Similar behavior has high molecular weight PVDF with the addition of 2 wt.% TEOS and low molecular weight copolymer with and without TEOS. The influence of temperature on the viscosity and activation energy of the tested PVDF solutions and the influence of TEOS on the average molecular weight were also examined.","PeriodicalId":20319,"journal":{"name":"Polimery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140509711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-04DOI: 10.14314/polimery.2023.11.9
M. Subramaniyan, Sivakumar Karuppan
The mechanical properties of samples made by 3D printing from poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and PLA filled with 20, 40, 60 and 80 wt% PLA/Al2O3 (85/15) was evaluated. Addition of PLA/Al2O3 improved mechanical properties of PLA. Tensile strength increased by approx. 19%, tensile modulus by 27%, compression modulus by approx. 42%, flexural modulus by 70%, impact strength by 20% and hardness by approx. 14% compared with pure PLA.
{"title":"Mechanical properties of sandwich products obtained by 3D printing from PLA-PLA/Al2O3","authors":"M. Subramaniyan, Sivakumar Karuppan","doi":"10.14314/polimery.2023.11.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2023.11.9","url":null,"abstract":"The mechanical properties of samples made by 3D printing from poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and PLA filled with 20, 40, 60 and 80 wt% PLA/Al2O3 (85/15) was evaluated. Addition of PLA/Al2O3 improved mechanical properties of PLA. Tensile strength increased by approx. 19%, tensile modulus by 27%, compression modulus by approx. 42%, flexural modulus by 70%, impact strength by 20% and hardness by approx. 14% compared with pure PLA.","PeriodicalId":20319,"journal":{"name":"Polimery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139629958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-04DOI: 10.14314/polimery.2023.11.6
Z. Mičicová, M. Pajtášová, D. Ondrušová, S. Božeková, S. Ďurišová, Róbert Janík
The influence of low-temperature plasma modification of bentonite on the dynamic-mechanical properties and vulcanization of rubber mixtures was examined. EDX, FTIR and TGA analysis were used to evaluate the filler. IR spectra of modified bentonite indicate lower intensity of the bands associated with OH groups and water. TGA confirms a smaller weight loss of samples subjected to plasma treatment, which also proves a lower water content in the mineral, confirming the effectiveness of the plasma treatment used.
{"title":"Effect of low-temperature plasma-treated bentonite on rubber compounds properties","authors":"Z. Mičicová, M. Pajtášová, D. Ondrušová, S. Božeková, S. Ďurišová, Róbert Janík","doi":"10.14314/polimery.2023.11.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2023.11.6","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of low-temperature plasma modification of bentonite on the dynamic-mechanical properties and vulcanization of rubber mixtures was examined. EDX, FTIR and TGA analysis were used to evaluate the filler. IR spectra of modified bentonite indicate lower intensity of the bands associated with OH groups and water. TGA confirms a smaller weight loss of samples subjected to plasma treatment, which also proves a lower water content in the mineral, confirming the effectiveness of the plasma treatment used.","PeriodicalId":20319,"journal":{"name":"Polimery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139630380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-04DOI: 10.14314/polimery.2023.11.3
S. Paszkiewicz, Grzegorz Kramek, K. Walkowiak, I. Irska, E. Piesowicz, M. Rzonsowska, B. Dudziec, M. Barczewski
The influence of the addition of tetrafunctional double-decker silsesquioxanes (DDSQ-ether-4OH) on the compatibility, thermal and mechanical properties of polylactide and epoxidized natural rubber (PLA/ENR) vulcanizates was investigated. The apparent cross-linking density and thermal stability of PLA/ENR vulcanizates were also determined. The FTIR analysis confirmed the compatibilizing effect of DDSQ-ether-4OH and the formation of the PLA-g-ENR copolymer. A strong effect of ENR content and DDSQ-ether-4OH addition on the thermal and mechanical properties of the obtained vulcanizates was demonstrated.
{"title":"Thermal and mechanical properties of PLA/ENR thermoplastic vulcanizates compatibilized with tetrafunctional double-decker silsesquioxanes","authors":"S. Paszkiewicz, Grzegorz Kramek, K. Walkowiak, I. Irska, E. Piesowicz, M. Rzonsowska, B. Dudziec, M. Barczewski","doi":"10.14314/polimery.2023.11.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2023.11.3","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of the addition of tetrafunctional double-decker silsesquioxanes (DDSQ-ether-4OH) on the compatibility, thermal and mechanical properties of polylactide and epoxidized natural rubber (PLA/ENR) vulcanizates was investigated. The apparent cross-linking density and thermal stability of PLA/ENR vulcanizates were also determined. The FTIR analysis confirmed the compatibilizing effect of DDSQ-ether-4OH and the formation of the PLA-g-ENR copolymer. A strong effect of ENR content and DDSQ-ether-4OH addition on the thermal and mechanical properties of the obtained vulcanizates was demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":20319,"journal":{"name":"Polimery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139630725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.14314/polimery.2023.7.5
Bronisław Samujło
The effect of 10-40 wt% natural fillers (pumpkin husks, bean sorting waste, pine sawdust) on the mechanical properties and flammability of LDPE was examined. As the filler content increased, the hardness slightly increased and the tensile strength and relative elongation decreased. The tensile modulus more than doubled (pumpkin husks, pine sawdust). The linear combustion rate increased unfavorably, but the assumed flammability class HB40 was achieved, except for LDPE filled with 40 wt% pine sawdust (HB75). At the same time, the temperature in the combustion area decreased in the vertical flammability test.
{"title":"The effect of natural fillers on the mechanical properties and flammability of low-density polyethylene","authors":"Bronisław Samujło","doi":"10.14314/polimery.2023.7.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2023.7.5","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of 10-40 wt% natural fillers (pumpkin husks, bean sorting waste, pine sawdust) on the mechanical properties and flammability of LDPE was examined. As the filler content increased, the hardness slightly increased and the tensile strength and relative elongation decreased. The tensile modulus more than doubled (pumpkin husks, pine sawdust). The linear combustion rate increased unfavorably, but the assumed flammability class HB40 was achieved, except for LDPE filled with 40 wt% pine sawdust (HB75). At the same time, the temperature in the combustion area decreased in the vertical flammability test.","PeriodicalId":20319,"journal":{"name":"Polimery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135781363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-18DOI: 10.14314/polimery.2023.7.3
M. Sajid Ali Asghar, Muhammad Amir, Umer Hussain, Mohammed M. Sabri
A method was developed to obtain a durable coating consisting of zinc and graphene oxide (Zn-GO) in order to reduce the mechanical wear and tear rate of oil and gas pipelines made of steel. Graphene oxide was obtained from graphite by wet chemical oxidation (unmodified and modified Hummers’ method) using potassium permanganate and sulfuric acid. The process was carried out at various temperatures. The steel was covered with an ultrathin layer of Zn-GO using the electrophoretic deposition method. The GO particle size (< 90 nm) was confirmed by XRD and laser analysis. For GO particles obtained by the modified Hummers’ method, a significant correlation was observed in the scratch (R2 = 0.87) and the Vickers microhardness tests (R2 = 0.93), which indicates a lower wear rate of Zn-GO-coated steel.
{"title":"Zinc and graphene oxide composites as new protective coatings for oil and gas pipes","authors":"M. Sajid Ali Asghar, Muhammad Amir, Umer Hussain, Mohammed M. Sabri","doi":"10.14314/polimery.2023.7.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2023.7.3","url":null,"abstract":"A method was developed to obtain a durable coating consisting of zinc and graphene oxide (Zn-GO) in order to reduce the mechanical wear and tear rate of oil and gas pipelines made of steel. Graphene oxide was obtained from graphite by wet chemical oxidation (unmodified and modified Hummers’ method) using potassium permanganate and sulfuric acid. The process was carried out at various temperatures. The steel was covered with an ultrathin layer of Zn-GO using the electrophoretic deposition method. The GO particle size (< 90 nm) was confirmed by XRD and laser analysis. For GO particles obtained by the modified Hummers’ method, a significant correlation was observed in the scratch (R2 = 0.87) and the Vickers microhardness tests (R2 = 0.93), which indicates a lower wear rate of Zn-GO-coated steel.","PeriodicalId":20319,"journal":{"name":"Polimery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135943096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-18DOI: 10.14314/polimery.2023.7.6
Arkadiusz Kloziński, Krzysztof Lewandowski, Jacek Mirowski, Mateusz Barczewski, Paulina Jakubowska
The rheological properties of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) and its composites with unmodified and stearic acid-modified calcium carbonate (5, 10, 20, 30 wt.%) were investigated. The processability factor K of the composites was determined based on changes in the mass flow rate (MFR). The assessment of rheological properties was carried out at high shear rates, in the injection process, using a special on-line measuring head. Measurements were performed at a temperature of 230°C, in the range of apparent shear rate from 19,100 to 101,900 s-1, based on the Ostwald-de Waele power-law model. It has been shown that the behavior of polymer composites during processing (flow resistance, flow, and viscosity curves, MFR) depends on the degree of filling, the type of filler used and the range of shear rates.
{"title":"Rheological properties of polypropylene composites with calcium carbonate under high shear rates","authors":"Arkadiusz Kloziński, Krzysztof Lewandowski, Jacek Mirowski, Mateusz Barczewski, Paulina Jakubowska","doi":"10.14314/polimery.2023.7.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2023.7.6","url":null,"abstract":"The rheological properties of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) and its composites with unmodified and stearic acid-modified calcium carbonate (5, 10, 20, 30 wt.%) were investigated. The processability factor K of the composites was determined based on changes in the mass flow rate (MFR). The assessment of rheological properties was carried out at high shear rates, in the injection process, using a special on-line measuring head. Measurements were performed at a temperature of 230°C, in the range of apparent shear rate from 19,100 to 101,900 s-1, based on the Ostwald-de Waele power-law model. It has been shown that the behavior of polymer composites during processing (flow resistance, flow, and viscosity curves, MFR) depends on the degree of filling, the type of filler used and the range of shear rates.","PeriodicalId":20319,"journal":{"name":"Polimery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135943095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-17DOI: 10.14314/polimery.2023.7.8
Kajetan Pyrzyński, Agnieszka Michalska
The effect of silica on the intumescent fire-retardant coating’s properties. Cone calorimetry and a single burning item test were used to determine flammability. The silica-modified intumescent coating allows obtaining a Bs1d0 class non-flammable material for the protection of wood and wood-based materials (e.g., plywood, chipboard, fiberboard, other lignocellulosic composites).
{"title":"New intumescent coatings for protection flammable materials interior and outside buildings","authors":"Kajetan Pyrzyński, Agnieszka Michalska","doi":"10.14314/polimery.2023.7.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2023.7.8","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of silica on the intumescent fire-retardant coating’s properties. Cone calorimetry and a single burning item test were used to determine flammability. The silica-modified intumescent coating allows obtaining a Bs1d0 class non-flammable material for the protection of wood and wood-based materials (e.g., plywood, chipboard, fiberboard, other lignocellulosic composites).","PeriodicalId":20319,"journal":{"name":"Polimery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136038834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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